CN109617215A - A kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system and method - Google Patents
A kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109617215A CN109617215A CN201811625760.6A CN201811625760A CN109617215A CN 109617215 A CN109617215 A CN 109617215A CN 201811625760 A CN201811625760 A CN 201811625760A CN 109617215 A CN109617215 A CN 109617215A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system and methods, including solar panel, solar panel is mutually electrically connected with inverter and hydrogen energy-storage units respectively by master controller, a part that solar panel conversion gets electric energy is inputted into inverter for domestic loads normal electricity consumption by master controller, extra electric energy after the higher metal hydride energy-storage units storage of adsorptivity by being powered.The present invention passes through using hydrogen as hydrogen energy-storage units, in the daytime the extra electric energy issued is passed through electrolytic tank electrolysis water manufacture hydrogen and hydrogen is temporarily stored in the hydrogen storage material of high adsorption, hydrogen storage material discharges hydrogen and is passed through hydrogen fuel cell power generation when night electricity consumption, realization, which converts electrical energy into chemical energy and is then converted to electric energy, to be efficiently used, clean and environmental protection, capacity usage ratio are high, are easy to build.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photovoltaic power generation, are related to hydrogen energy storage technology more particularly to a kind of highly effective and safe metal hydride
The distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system and method for hydrogen storage mode.
Background technique
Distributed photovoltaic power generation due to its self-sufficient feature, and without consider it is grid-connected, by large-scale application in inclined
Remote area home power supply, but since it is there are certain intermittence, randomness and fluctuation, generally require and energy storage technology phase
In conjunction with making it have the ability that energy migrates over time, realize the extra electric energy supply night use that will be sent out daytime.It answers at present
It is electrochemical energy storage with the main energy storage mode with distributed photovoltaic power generation, wherein what is be mainly utilized has lead-acid battery, sodium
Sulphur battery, lithium battery etc., but often higher cost, service life are shorter for this energy storage mode, and component recycles difficulty, easily to environment
It pollutes, electrochemical energy storage technology need development and perfection.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems such as component in Conventional electrochemical energy storage is at high cost, the service life is short, recycling is difficult, the present invention provides
A kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system, including solar battery
Plate, solar panel are mutually electrically connected respectively by master controller with inverter and hydrogen energy-storage units, by master controller by the sun
Can solar panel conversion get a part input inverter of electric energy for domestic loads normal electricity consumption, extra electric energy by adsorptivity compared with
It is powered after high metal hydride energy-storage units storage.
Further, hydrogen energy-storage units output end connects with inverter input terminal.
Further, hydrogen energy-storage units include alkaline electrolysis pond and PEM hydrogen fuel cell, the positive and negative electrode in alkaline electrolysis pond
It is electrically connected with master controller, extra electric energy sent out in the daytime is inputted by electrolysis water in alkaline electrolysis pond by master controller control and prepares hydrogen
Gas receives hydrogen gas generation by PEM hydrogen fuel cell and inputs the inverter.
Further, hydrogen energy-storage units further include hydrogen-storing device, and alkaline electrolysis pond is connected with hydrogen-storing device, hydrogen-storing device
It is communicated with PEM hydrogen fuel cell, the cathode and anode of PEM hydrogen fuel cell is mutually electrically connected with the inverter.
Preferably, using iron, nickel and its alloy as electrode, electrolyte is that concentration is 25%~30% in alkaline electrolysis pond
KOH aqueous solution.
Preferably, hydrogen-storing device is provided with metal hydride for freely adsorbing, storing and discharge hydrogen.
Preferably, proton exchange membrane is equipped in PEM hydrogen fuel cell between the cathode and anode of each monocell.
Preferably, pass through H between hydrogen-storing device and PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and is equipped in the pipe by total
The control valve of controller control.
Preferably, solar panel is placed in facility or top of building.
A kind of hydrogen energy storage method using above-mentioned distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system, specifically includes the following steps:
Step (1) solar panel is placed in facility or top of building, realizes photovoltaic power generation, and solar panel passes through total
Solar panel conversion is got a part input inverter of electric energy by controller, and to be converted into alternating current normal for domestic loads
Electricity consumption；
Step (2) will carry out electrolysis water in solar panel extra electric energy input alkaline electrolysis pond sent out in the daytime, prepare hydrogen
Gas, and input hydrogen-storing device；
Pass through H between step (3) hydrogen-storing device and PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and passes through PEM hydrogen fuel cell
Hydrogen gas generation input inverter is received for domestic loads normal electricity consumption.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. electric energy a portion that solar panel conversion is got is inputted inverter for family by master controller by the present invention
Front yard electric appliance normal electricity consumption, the extra electric energy that another part is issued in the daytime are powered use after storing by hydrogen energy-storage units.
Reaching solar panel and generating electricity can be not enough to supply to domestic loads when loading, and realize that electric energy is mended by the electric energy of storage
It repays.
2. the present invention is by being passed through electrolytic tank electrolysis water for the extra electric energy issued in the daytime using hydrogen as hydrogen energy-storage units
Hydrogen is simultaneously temporarily stored in the hydrogen storage material of high adsorption by manufacture hydrogen, hydrogen storage material release hydrogen and is led to when night electricity consumption
Enter hydrogen fuel cell power generation, realization converts electrical energy into chemical energy and is then converted to this cyclic process of electric energy.
3. hydrogen-storing device of the invention is internal equipped with metal hydride by it, absorption, storage can be relatively free to simultaneously
Hydrogen is discharged, compared with other hydrogen storage modes, it is excellent that hydride hydrogen-storing has that pressure is steady, is flushed with hydrogen simple, safe ready etc.
Point, the density of unit volume hydrogen storage up to it is mutually synthermal, 1000 times of Gaseous Hydrogen under pressure condition, ideally energy storage density
It has been more than liquid hydrogen storage.The hydride for being selected as lanthanide series metal, alkali metal and part alkaline-earth metal of metal hydride of the present invention
(LaNi5H6、MgH2、NaAlH4Deng), these metal hydride preparation process are simple, it is small in size to occupy, efficiency is higher and the service life compared with
Long, hydrogen storage reaction has invertibity, and consumed energy is lower, obtained hydrogen purity is higher and safety coefficient is high,
Clean and environmental protection, capacity usage ratio are high, are easy to build.
Detailed description of the invention
Process flow chart Fig. 1 of the invention；
Structural schematic diagram Fig. 2 of the invention；
Fig. 3 hydride hydrogen-storing schematic illustration of the present invention.
In figure: 1. solar panels, 2. master controllers, 3. domestic loads, 4. alkaline electrolysis ponds, 5. hydrogen storages dress
It sets, 6. PEM hydrogen fuel cells, 7. inverters, 8. oxygen collecting devices, 9. header boxs.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific attached drawing, the present invention is described in further details；
As shown in Fig. 1,2, a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system, including solar panel, solar panel
It is placed in facility or top of building, realizes photovoltaic power generation function.Solar panel 1 by master controller 2 respectively with inverter
It is mutually electrically connected with hydrogen energy-storage units, solar panel conversion is got to a part input inverter 7 of electric energy by master controller 2
Alternating current is converted into for 3 normal electricity consumption of domestic loads, extra electric energy is powered after storing by hydrogen energy-storage units.
The hydrogen energy-storage units include alkaline electrolysis pond 4, (metal) hydrogen-storing device 5 and PEM hydrogen fuel cell 6, alkalinity
The positive and negative electrode of electrolytic cell is electrically connected with master controller, is controlled by master controller by solar panel extra electric energy sent out in the daytime
Input alkaline electrolysis pond in electrolysis water, realize the preparation of hydrogen, alkaline electrolysis pond is connected with hydrogen-storing device, hydrogen-storing device and
Pass through H between PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and the control valve controlled by master controller, PEM hydrogen are equipped in the pipe
The cathode and anode of fuel cell is mutually electrically connected with the inverter, receives hydrogen gas generation by PEM hydrogen fuel cell and inputs the inversion
Device.
Using the hydrogen energy storage method of above-mentioned distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system, specifically includes the following steps:
Step (1) solar panel is placed in facility or top of building, realizes photovoltaic power generation, and solar panel passes through total
Solar panel conversion is got a part input inverter of electric energy by controller, and to be converted into alternating current normal for domestic loads
Electricity consumption；
Step (2) will carry out electrolysis water in solar panel extra electric energy input alkaline electrolysis pond sent out in the daytime, prepare hydrogen
Gas, and input hydrogen-storing device；
Pass through H between step (3) hydrogen-storing device and PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and passes through PEM hydrogen fuel cell
Hydrogen gas generation input inverter is received for domestic loads normal electricity consumption.
Above-mentioned alkaline electrolysis is often used the strong material of the durabilities such as iron, nickel and its alloy as electrode, and electrolyte is concentration
For 25%~30% KOH aqueous solution.The potential difference of water decomposition is 1.23V, power consumption 2.95KWh/m under standard state3, and
Actual power consumption amount under alkaline environment is 4.5~5.5KWh/m3, efficiency is 53.6%~62%.Cost is relatively low for this hydrogen manufacturing mode,
Technology maturation, it is applied widely, structure is simple.
The hydrogen-storing device, it is internal that metal hydride is housed, it can be relatively free to adsorb, store and discharge hydrogen
Gas can reach 1000 times or more of hydrogen under standard state using which hydrogen-storage density, and ideally energy storage density is more than
Liquid hydrogen storage.Selecting for metal hydride can be LaNi5H6、MgH2、NaAlH4There is invertibity Deng the reaction of, hydrogen storage, disappeared
The hydrogen purity that the energy of consumption is lower, obtains is higher and safety coefficient is high.Hydride hydrogen-storing principle is as shown in Figure 3.
PEM hydrogen fuel cell, monocell are made of anode, cathode and proton exchange membrane, and proton exchange membrane is located at yin, yang
Between pole, the catalyst for increasing electrode reaction rate is all contained at the two poles of the earth, and proton exchange membrane is as transmitting H+Medium, only allow H+
Pass through, and H2The electronics lost then passes through from conducting wire, and operating temperature is equivalent to a DC power supply at 100 DEG C or so, work,
It can constantly produce electricl energy, work is controlled by master controller, and when extraneous intensity of illumination is lower, solar panel is sent out
Electric energy is not enough to supply load, at this time hydrogen fuel cell automatic work, realizes the compensation of electric energy.
The electric energy of master controller outflow and the electric energy of PEM fuel cell work compensation flow through header box confluence, finally flow into
Inverter is simultaneously exported for domestic loads use.
The selection of decomposition voltage:
In alkaline electrolysis pond, the reaction of electrolysis water is as follows:
2H2O==2H2+O2ΔH=571.6KJ
Hydrogen manufacturing half-reaction: 2H2O+2e-==H2+2OH-
Therefore 1mol hydrogen is often made, needs the electronics transfer of 2mol, the quantity of electric charge are as follows:
q=2×6.02×1023×1.6×10-19C=1.9264×105C
The chemical energy that 1molH2 has be 285.8KJ, therefore react most suitable voltage are as follows:
U=W/q=(285.8×103)/(1.9264×105)V=1.48V
Therefore, master controller should control decomposition voltage and be in 1.5V or so.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system, it is characterised in that: including solar panel, solar panel is logical
It crosses master controller to be mutually electrically connected with inverter and hydrogen energy-storage units respectively, solar panel is converted to obtain by incoming call by master controller
For domestic loads normal electricity consumption, extra electric energy is powered a part input inverter of energy after being stored by hydrogen energy-storage units.
2. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hydrogen energy-storage units are defeated
Outlet connects with inverter input terminal.
3. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: hydrogen energy storage list
Member includes alkaline electrolysis pond and PEM hydrogen fuel cell, and positive and negative electrode and the master controller in alkaline electrolysis pond are electrically connected, and passes through master control
In the daytime sent out extra electric energy is inputted electrolysis water in alkaline electrolysis pond and prepares hydrogen by device control, is received by PEM hydrogen fuel cell
Hydrogen gas generation inputs the inverter.
4. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: hydrogen energy-storage units are also
Including hydrogen-storing device, alkaline electrolysis pond is connected with hydrogen-storing device, and hydrogen-storing device is communicated with PEM hydrogen fuel cell, PEM hydrogen fuel
The cathode and anode of battery is connect with the inverter.
5. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adopt in alkaline electrolysis pond
Use iron, nickel and its alloy as electrode, electrolyte is the KOH aqueous solution that concentration is 25%~30%.
6. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: hydrogen-storing device
Metal hydride is provided with for freely adsorbing, storing and discharge hydrogen.
7. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: PEM hydrogen fuel electricity
Proton exchange membrane is equipped in pond between the cathode and anode of each monocell.
8. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 4,5 or 7, it is characterised in that: hydrogen storage dress
It sets and passes through H between PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and the control valve controlled by master controller is equipped in the pipe.
9. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: solar panel
It is placed in facility or top of building.
10. a kind of hydrogen energy storage method using distributed photovoltaic power generation hydrogen energy-storage system as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: specifically includes the following steps:
Step (1) solar panel is placed in facility or top of building, realizes photovoltaic power generation, and solar panel passes through total
Solar panel conversion is got a part input inverter of electric energy by controller, and to be converted into alternating current normal for domestic loads
Electricity consumption；
Step (2) will carry out electrolysis water in solar panel extra electric energy input alkaline electrolysis pond sent out in the daytime, prepare hydrogen
Gas, and input hydrogen-storing device；
Pass through H between step (3) hydrogen-storing device and PEM hydrogen fuel cell2Efferent duct is connected, and is connect by PEM hydrogen fuel cell
Hydrogen gas generation input inverter is received for domestic loads normal electricity consumption.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN110093618A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-06 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Based on distributed photo-thermal device for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen fuel cell system and working method |
| CN110131575A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-16 | 谌文杰 | A kind of rural household solar gas and power supply system |
| CN112465307A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-09 | 青海大学 | Industrial park comprehensive energy configuration system and method |
| CN112510233A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司衢州供电公司 | Household hydrogen energy storage fuel cell power generation system |
| CN113890091A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Method for solving building photovoltaic consumption problem by utilizing hydrogen storage system |
| CN114361519A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 氢华能源技术(武汉)有限公司 | Building distributed energy supply system based on hydrogen energy |
| CN116960399A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Megawatt hydrogen fuel cell distributed power generation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110131575A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-16 | 谌文杰 | A kind of rural household solar gas and power supply system |
| CN112510233A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司衢州供电公司 | Household hydrogen energy storage fuel cell power generation system |
| CN112465307A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-09 | 青海大学 | Industrial park comprehensive energy configuration system and method |
| CN113890091A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Method for solving building photovoltaic consumption problem by utilizing hydrogen storage system |
| CN114361519A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 氢华能源技术(武汉)有限公司 | Building distributed energy supply system based on hydrogen energy |
| CN116960399A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Megawatt hydrogen fuel cell distributed power generation system |
| CN116960399B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-12 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Megawatt hydrogen fuel cell distributed power generation system |
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