CN109617210A - A kind of composite micro-energy system and its energy management method suitable for small-sized load - Google Patents
A kind of composite micro-energy system and its energy management method suitable for small-sized load Download PDFInfo
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- CN109617210A CN109617210A CN201910031655.8A CN201910031655A CN109617210A CN 109617210 A CN109617210 A CN 109617210A CN 201910031655 A CN201910031655 A CN 201910031655A CN 109617210 A CN109617210 A CN 109617210A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite micro-energy systems and its energy management method suitable for small-sized load for belonging to compound micro-energy administrative skill field.The composite micro-energy system is reconnected small-sized load and is constituted by environmental energy collection module, energy management module and energy storage module series connection, energy management module;The energy management method of composite micro-energy system is that energy management module acquires small-sized load power information, energy collection module generating state and energy storage module storage status information;It determines to execute energy storage module charging, electric discharge management with this information energy management module, the charge-discharge electric power of super capacitor and lithium battery in reasonable distribution energy storage module, give full play to lithium battery energy storage battery and the advantage of super capacitor energy-storage respectively, to improve the reliability of system, guarantee there is sufficient energy to be supplied to small-sized load, it is ensured that it steadily works.This method is simple and effective, extends lifetime of system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to compound micro-energy administrative skill field, in particular to a kind of compound micro- energy suitable for small-sized load
Source system and its energy management method.
Background technique
With MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems, MEMS) and micro- energy technology is at full speed
Development, wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN) technology start to move to maturity gradually, be widely used in
The multiple fields such as military affairs, aviation, traffic, explosion-proof, the disaster relief, environmental monitoring, health care.Wireless sensor network is by largely wirelessly passing
Feel node composition, each wireless sensing node has information collection, signal processing and data-transformation facility.
Due to the substantial amounts of node, distributed areas are wide, and many wireless sensing nodes are located at that field etc. is remote and people
It is difficult to the region arrived at, so its maintenance is relatively difficult, artificial battery of replacing is nearly impossible.Therefore, this requires nothings
Line sensing node can obtain energy in environment.Can mainly there are solar energy, machinery in environment at present with collected energy
Energy, thermal energy, electromagnetic energy etc..Wherein, solar energy enriches degree height compared to other energy in the environment and collection technique is mature, at
For the main energy sources of wireless sensing node.
Since the environmental energies such as solar energy have unstability, fluctuate larger, it is therefore desirable to which energy-storage system is in environmental energy
Excess energy is stored when sufficient, node is supplied when environmental energy is fainter and is used.Patent CN103259323B and CN
105680548B individually discloses a kind of wireless sensing node self energizing device based on solar energy and other environmental energies.They
All use super capacitor as energy storage device, and super capacitor energy density is lower, in the case where finite volume, it is difficult to meet
Node is in the energy requirement under wet weather or dim environment for a long time.Patent CN 1960117A disclose a kind of photovoltaic energy with
The integrated self-powered micro-system of sensor node has the lower circulation longevity only with lithium battery as energy storage units
Life, limits the service life of system.In addition, the energy supplying system of these wireless sensing nodes is all without designing detailed energy pipe
Reason method, it is difficult to meet environmental change situation lower node long-term stable work.
Composite energy storing device of the lithium ion battery in conjunction with super capacitor has been widely used for the fields such as electric car.Lithium
Ion battery has the characteristics that energy density is high, power density is low, cycle life is short;And super capacitor is just the opposite, has height
Power density, long circulation life, but energy density is lower.The energy-storage system that the two combines is applied in wireless sensing node, can
To meet the energy and power density needs of system simultaneously, and there is longer service life.
Energy management method has the energy utilization efficiency and lifetime of system that improve compound energy system particularly significant
Effect.Patent CN 102951144B and patent CN 105151040B individually discloses oneself based on minimum power loss algorithm
Neural network energy management method and the hybrid vehicle energy management method based on power spectrum self study prediction are adjusted, this two
Kind energy management method is all more complicated, it is difficult to applied to this low, small in size field of consumption power of wireless sensing node itself
It closes.Patent CN 104163116B discloses a kind of energy management method of automobile-used composite energy storage system, compared to first two method
It is more simple, but its method is only applicable to electric car, and the still slightly aobvious complexity of rule.
It can be applied to the high efficiency composition micro-energy resource system energy management side in the small load field such as wireless sensing node at present
Method is also more rare.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite micro-energy system suitable for small-sized load and its energy management sides
Method, which is characterized in that the composite micro-energy system suitable for small-sized load is by environmental energy collection module, energy management mould
Block and energy storage module series connection, energy management module reconnect small-sized load and constitute;Wherein environmental energy collection module is main
Including solar collection module, mechanical energy collection module, temperature-difference power generation module;Energy storage module is mainly by super capacitor and lithium
The compound composition of battery;Small-sized load includes multiple wireless sensing node compositions.
The energy management method of the composite micro-energy system, which is characterized in that wrap under super capacitor preferential principle
Include step:
(1) energy management module acquires small-sized load power information, energy collection module generating state and energy stores
Module storage status information;
(2) the power demand P of computing systemdemand=Pload-PEn, and judge composite micro-energy system charging and discharging state,
PdemandWhen < 0, composite micro-energy system is in charged state, PdemandWhen > 0, composite micro-energy system is in discharge condition;
P in above formulaloadFor the real time power consumption demand of small-sized load, PEnFor the output power of environmental energy collection module;
(3) according to the judging result of step (2), energy management module executes management operating procedure and includes:
Step 1, in the charge state, as long as super-capacitor voltage is not full of VSC< Vmax, just absorbed by super capacitor
All charge powers, otherwise absorb charge power by lithium battery;
Step 2, in the discharged condition, as long as super-capacitor voltage is higher than minimum operating voltage VminLimitation, i.e. VSC>
Vmin, super capacitor will undertake all power outputs, otherwise undertake all power outputs by lithium battery;
Above-mentioned VSCFor the open-circuit voltage of super capacitor;VmaxFor the full voltage of super capacitor highest charging;VminFor super electricity
Hold minimum operating voltage;
Step 3, in environmental energy deficiency and smaller super-capacitor voltage, lithium battery exports certain power PchTo super
Capacitor charging;
Step 4, in environmental energy abundance, super capacitor has been filled with, lithium battery remaining capacity SOC deficiency needs to charge, this
When energy management module by a part of environmental energy, that is, η PdemandIt charges as charge power to lithium battery;Wherein, PdemandFor
System power demand, η are charge power coefficient, are reduced with the increase of lithium battery remaining capacity SOC;Charge power coefficient η
Always meet 0≤η≤1.
The minimum operating voltage V of step (2) super capacitorminWith full piezoelectric voltage VmaxRatio are as follows: 1:3.
The insufficient Rule of judgment of step (3) environmental energy is the output power P of energy collection moduleEnMeet PEn<
k1Pav, wherein PavFor the average power consumption of load, k1For coefficient, meet 1/3 < k1< 1.
The lesser Rule of judgment of step (3) super-capacitor voltage is VSC< k2Vmax, coefficient k2With load power consumption and super
Grade capacitance is related, meets 1/3 < k2< 1.
Lithium battery is the power P of super capacitor charging in the step (3)ch=k3Pav, wherein k3For coefficient, meet 0.5
≤k3≤2。
The step (4) judges the condition of environmental energy abundance for the output power P of energy collection moduleEnMeet PEn>
k4Pav, k4For the coefficient greater than 1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the energy management method of composite micro-energy system of the invention is simple and effective, Ke Yihe
The charge-discharge electric power of super capacitor and lithium battery, gives full play to lithium battery energy storage battery and super capacitor in reason distribution energy storage module
The advantage of energy storage respectively extends lithium battery cycle life, meets the biggish instantaneous power of system to improve the reliability of system
Demand has long-term reliability and stability.It is well-suited for the small-sized load supplying such as wireless sensing node.The present invention has such as
Lower feature:
1. being preferably super capacitor charge and discharge by the voltage for detecting super capacitor, the charge and discharge electricity of lithium battery is reduced
Amount to extend the time that uses of lithium battery, and then extends the composite micro-energy system service life.
2. in environmental energy when insufficient and super power consumption deficiency, lithium battery can charge by super capacitor of lesser power,
Guarantee that, when load instantaneous power consumption is larger, super capacitor there are enough electricity to undertake biggish power demand, to reduce lithium
Battery high power discharge number reduces high power discharge capacity loss caused by lithium battery.
3. very sufficient in environmental energy, super capacitor is had been filled with, can be with certain when need to undertake charge power by lithium battery
Charge power coefficient be lithium battery charging.Charge power coefficient reduces with the increase of lithium battery SOC, on the one hand to fill
Electrical power becomes more gentle, avoids biggish charge power capacity loss caused by lithium battery;On the other hand guarantee again
Lithium battery can achieve full state, and avoiding excessively high energy loss causes system capacity insufficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is each module diagram of composite micro-energy system.
Fig. 2 is the charge power coefficient η of embodiment with the variation relation figure of lithium battery SOC.
Fig. 3 is the algorithm flow chart of composite micro-energy system energy management method.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of composite micro-energy systems and its energy management method suitable for small-sized load, tie below
Drawings and examples are closed to be explained.
Fig. 1 show each module diagram of composite micro-energy system;It is shown in figure to be suitable for the compound of small-sized load
Micro-energy resource system is connected again by environmental energy collection module, energy management module and energy storage module series connection, energy management module
Connection small load is constituted;Wherein environmental energy collection module mainly includes solar collection module, mechanical energy collection module, the temperature difference
Electricity generation module;Energy storage module is mainly formed by super capacitor and lithium battery are compound;Small-sized load includes multiple wireless sensings
Node composition.
The energy management method of the composite micro-energy system be under with super capacitor preferential principle, comprising steps of
(1) energy management module acquires small-sized load power information, energy collection module generating state and energy stores
Module storage status information;
(2) the power demand P of composite micro-energy system is calculateddemand=Pload-PEn, and judge that composite micro-energy system fills
Discharge condition, PdemandWhen < 0, composite micro-energy system is in charged state, PdemandWhen > 0, composite micro-energy system is in
Discharge condition;
P in above formulaloadFor the real time power consumption demand of small-sized load, PEnFor the output power of environmental energy collection module;
(3) according to the judging result of step (2), energy management module executes management operating procedure and includes:
Step 1, in the charge state, as long as super-capacitor voltage is not full of VSC< Vmax, just absorbed by super capacitor
All charge powers, otherwise absorb charge power by lithium battery;
Step 2, in the discharged condition, as long as super-capacitor voltage is higher than minimum operating voltage VminLimitation, i.e. VSC>
Vmin, super capacitor will undertake all power outputs, otherwise undertake all power outputs by lithium battery;
Above-mentioned VSCFor the open-circuit voltage of super capacitor;VmaxFor the full voltage of super capacitor highest charging;VminFor super electricity
Hold minimum operating voltage;
Step 3, in environmental energy deficiency and smaller super-capacitor voltage, lithium battery exports certain power PchTo super
Capacitor charging;
Step 4, in environmental energy abundance, super capacitor has been filled with, lithium battery remaining capacity SOC deficiency needs to charge, this
When energy management module by a part of environmental energy, that is, η PdemandIt charges as charge power to lithium battery;Wherein, PdemandFor
System power demand, η are charge power coefficient, are reduced with the increase of lithium battery remaining capacity SOC;Charge power coefficient η
Always meet 0≤η≤1.
Embodiment,
Fig. 3 show the algorithm flow chart of composite micro-energy system energy management method;Its key step is as follows:
Whether fainter step 1: judging environmental energy, if so, entering step two, otherwise skips to step 4.Judgement side
Method is to be compared the environmental energy being collected into reference value, that is, judges PEn< k1PavIt is whether true.Wherein, PavFor load
Average power consumption, k1For that should be configured and be configured according to specific composite micro-energy system close to 1 coefficient.
Step 2: judge whether the energy storage of super capacitor residue is less, if so, entering step three, otherwise skips to step 4.Sentence
Broken strip part is VSC< k2Vmax, coefficient k2It is related with load power consumption situation and super capacitor capacity, meet 1/3 < k2< 1.
Step 3: lithium battery is super capacitor charging, charge power Pch=k3Pav, wherein k3For coefficient, meet 0.5≤
k3≤2.
Step 4: collecting situation according to load power consumption demand and environmental energy, judges that the power of composite micro-energy system needs
Seek PdemandIt is positive and negative.If Pdemand> 0 then represents energy storage module and needs to discharge, enters step five;If Pdemand< 0, then
Representing energy storage module can charge, and enter step six.
Step 5: judge whether super-capacitor voltage is higher than minimum voltage limitation, i.e. VSC> Vmin, if so, super capacitor is held
All power outputs are carried on a shoulder pole, all power outputs are otherwise undertaken by lithium battery.Algorithm terminates.
Step 6: judging whether super capacitor is full of, that is, judges VSC< VmaxOwn if setting up and just being absorbed by super capacitor
Charge power, algorithm terminate;Otherwise seven are entered step.
Whether sufficient step 7: judging environmental energy, if so, entering step eight, otherwise enters step nine.Judgment method is
The environmental energy being collected into is compared with reference value, that is, judges PEn> k4PavIt is whether true, k4For the coefficient greater than 1.
Step 8: with charge power η PdemandIt charges to lithium battery, algorithm terminates.Wherein, η is charge power coefficient, with
The increase of lithium battery SOC and reduce.When SOC is smaller, charge by lithium battery of larger charge power coefficient;When SOC is larger
When, it charges by lithium battery of smaller charge power coefficient.Charge power coefficient η meets 0≤η≤1 always, the function with SOC
Relationship can take various forms, a kind of simple piecewise linear function relationship such as following formula that the present invention provides:
Wherein, a, b are constant, meet 1,0 < b < of a <, 1. Fig. 2 and give a=0.15, when b=0.25, charge power
Coefficient η with lithium battery SOC change curve (as shown in Figure 2);
Step 9: lithium battery absorbs all charge powers, i.e., with power PdemandIt charges to lithium battery, algorithm terminates.
Composite micro-energy system energy management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention leads to when energy-storage module needs to discharge
The voltage of detection super capacitor is crossed preferentially to discharge using super capacitor;When energy-storage module needs to charge, equally preferentially to super
Grade capacitor charging, when super capacitor is full of, the charge power coefficient reduced and increasing with SOC slows down filling for lithium battery
Electric rate.When environmental energy is insufficient and super capacitor energy-storage is less, lithium battery charges by super capacitor of smaller power.
The energy management method is simple and effective, passes through filling for super capacitor in reasonable distribution energy storage module and lithium battery
Discharge power makes full use of super capacitor storage energy, to extend lifetime of system.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of composite micro-energy system suitable for small-sized load, which is characterized in that described suitable for the compound of small-sized load
Micro-energy resource system is connected again by environmental energy collection module, energy management module and energy storage module series connection, energy management module
Connection small load is constituted;Wherein environmental energy collection module mainly includes solar collection module, mechanical energy collection module, the temperature difference
Electricity generation module;Energy storage module is mainly formed by super capacitor and lithium battery are compound;Small-sized load includes multiple wireless sensings
Node composition.
2. a kind of energy management method of the composite micro-energy system suitable for small-sized load, which is characterized in that with super electricity
Hold under preferential principle, comprising steps of
(1) energy management module acquires small-sized load power information, energy collection module generating state and energy storage module
Storage status information;
(2) the power demand P of composite micro-energy system is calculateddemand=Pload-PEn, and judge system charging and discharging state, Pdemand
When < 0, composite micro-energy system is in charged state, PdemandWhen > 0, composite micro-energy system is in discharge condition;
P in above formulaloadFor the real time power consumption demand of small-sized load, PEnFor the output power of environmental energy collection module;
(3) according to the judging result of step (2), energy management module executes management operating procedure and includes:
Step 1, in the charge state, as long as super-capacitor voltage is not full of VSC< Vmax, just absorbed by super capacitor all
Otherwise charge power absorbs charge power by lithium battery;
Step 2, in the discharged condition, as long as super-capacitor voltage is higher than minimum operating voltage VminLimitation, i.e. VSC> Vmin, surpass
Grade capacitor will undertake all power outputs, otherwise undertake all power outputs by lithium battery;
Above-mentioned VSCFor the open-circuit voltage of super capacitor;VmaxFor the full voltage of super capacitor highest charging;VminMost for super capacitor
Low-work voltage;
Step 3, in environmental energy deficiency and smaller super-capacitor voltage, lithium battery exports certain power PchTo super capacitor
Charging;
Step 4, in environmental energy abundance, super capacitor has been filled with, lithium battery remaining capacity SOC deficiency needs to charge, and at this time can
Management module is measured by a part of environmental energy, that is, η PdemandIt charges as charge power to lithium battery;Wherein, PdemandIt is compound
Micro-energy resource system power demand, η are charge power coefficient, are reduced with the increase of lithium battery remaining capacity SOC;Charge power
Coefficient η meets 0≤η≤1 always.
3. the energy management method of the composite micro-energy system according to claim 2 suitable for small-sized load, feature
It is, the minimum operating voltage V of the step 2 super capacitorminWith full piezoelectric voltage VmaxRatio are as follows: 1:3.
4. the energy management method of the composite micro-energy system according to claim 2 suitable for small-sized load, feature
It is, the insufficient Rule of judgment of step 3 environmental energy is the output power P of energy collection moduleEnMeet PEn< k1Pav,
Wherein, PavFor the average power consumption of load, k1For coefficient, meet 0.5≤k1≤2。
5. the energy management method of the composite micro-energy system according to claim 2 suitable for small-sized load, feature
It is, the lesser Rule of judgment of super-capacitor voltage is V in the step 3SC< k2Vmax, coefficient k2With load power consumption and super
Capacitance is related, meets 1/3 < k2< 1.
6. the energy management method of the composite micro-energy system according to claim 2 suitable for small-sized load, feature
It is, lithium battery is the power P of super capacitor charging in the step 3ch=k3Pav, wherein k3For coefficient, meet 0.5≤k3
≤2。
7. the energy management method of the composite micro-energy system according to claim 2 suitable for small-sized load, feature
It is, the step 4 judges the condition of environmental energy abundance for the output power P of energy collection moduleEnMeet PEn> k4Pav,
k4For the coefficient greater than 1.
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Cited By (6)
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CN110768353A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-07 | 福建和盛高科技产业有限公司 | Double-circuit power supply solar power supply device and control method thereof |
CN111030081A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 清华大学 | Solar energy collection composite micro-energy system and super capacitor charging control method |
CN111277030A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 清华大学 | Sponge capacitance energy management method suitable for composite energy storage system |
CN113131459A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 重庆大学 | Multi-source environment micro-energy post-stage fusion collection method |
CN114640161A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-06-17 | 山东科技大学 | Power supply system and control method for marine equipment |
CN117175646A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage participation primary frequency modulation control method and system for hybrid energy storage system |
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CN103139936A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-06-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Energy-self-feeding wireless sensor network node |
CN104362658A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Energy type and power type hybrid energy storage coordination control method |
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CN103139936A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-06-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Energy-self-feeding wireless sensor network node |
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Cited By (10)
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CN110768353A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-07 | 福建和盛高科技产业有限公司 | Double-circuit power supply solar power supply device and control method thereof |
CN111030081A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 清华大学 | Solar energy collection composite micro-energy system and super capacitor charging control method |
CN111030081B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-08-17 | 清华大学 | Solar energy collection composite micro-energy system and super capacitor charging control method |
CN111277030A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 清华大学 | Sponge capacitance energy management method suitable for composite energy storage system |
CN111277030B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-08-27 | 清华大学 | Sponge capacitance energy management method suitable for composite energy storage system |
CN113131459A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 重庆大学 | Multi-source environment micro-energy post-stage fusion collection method |
CN114640161A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-06-17 | 山东科技大学 | Power supply system and control method for marine equipment |
CN114640161B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-09 | 山东科技大学 | Power supply system and control method for marine equipment |
CN117175646A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage participation primary frequency modulation control method and system for hybrid energy storage system |
CN117175646B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-03-12 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage participation primary frequency modulation control method and system for hybrid energy storage system |
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