CN109604539B - Ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melt - Google Patents
Ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melt Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604539B CN109604539B CN201910087519.0A CN201910087519A CN109604539B CN 109604539 B CN109604539 B CN 109604539B CN 201910087519 A CN201910087519 A CN 201910087519A CN 109604539 B CN109604539 B CN 109604539B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of casting production, in particular to an ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melt. The tundish of the invention is positioned above the casting mould or the ingot mould; a sliding block is arranged at the opening part of the bottom of the tundish and is positioned at the upper part of the funnel above the casting mold or the ingot mold; two ends of the iron runner are respectively positioned at the opening below the outlet part of the induction furnace and at the opening above the tundish; the tundish is arranged in a heat preservation furnace, and a heat preservation cover is always covered on an opening part above the tundish; a platinum-rhodium thermocouple is inserted into the cast iron melt in the tundish and is connected with a temperature control device, and the temperature control device is simultaneously connected with a holding furnace; a titanium ultrasonic probe is also immersed above the cast iron melt in the tundish; the titanium ultrasonic probe is arranged on an ultrasonic amplitude transformer which is connected with an ultrasonic generator electrical appliance through a transducer. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problems that the metal probe in the prior art is seriously corroded, the ceramic probe is easy to crack and the manufacturing cost is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting production, in particular to an ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron unity.
Background
Since the twenty-first century, people's awareness of environmental protection and awareness of recycling resources have been promoted due to over-exploitation of world resources and the increasing damage to the environment. The melt ultrasonic treatment technology is a method for physically treating molten metal, and has the characteristics of small damage effect on the environment, reusability of the treated metal and the like, so the ultrasonic melt treatment technology attracts wide attention of all countries in the world.
On the problem of introducing ultrasonic waves into the metal melt, a mode of directly immersing an ultrasonic probe into the melt from the upper part of a crucible is mostly adopted, and the mode has the advantages of small ultrasonic energy loss, good treatment effect and the like; however, the ultrasonic probe is very easy to generate cavitation heat corrosion, and the probe is corroded and melted by the melt after being used for several times, so that the melt is polluted, the chemical composition of the melt is changed, and the significance of ultrasonic treatment is lost.
In the aspect of treating the magnesium alloy melt by using ultrasonic waves, a common carbon steel probe is usually adopted to meet the treatment requirement, the service performance is very stable, and the corrosion problem of the probe cannot occur.
In the aspect of ultrasonic treatment of aluminum alloy, stainless steel and titanium alloy probes are usually selected, but the corrosion problem of the probes cannot be caused by short-time ultrasonic treatment; the probe can be corroded by ultrasonic treatment for a long time, although the ultrasonic probe made of metal ceramics can be adopted, the probe is too high in manufacturing cost and long in production period, and is easy to collide and damage, and the probe is fully preheated during use to avoid the over-high temperature and explosion, so that the probe is carefully required in operation to avoid damage to the probe.
Under the condition of ultrasonic treatment of high-melting-point melts such as cast iron and the like, the corrosion problem of the probe is particularly serious, and the ultrasonic probe is easy to be corroded and melted by the self-cavitation effect at high temperature due to the high melting point of the cast iron melt. Ultrasonic probes of plain carbon steel, stainless steel and alloyed steel have not been able to be used in such situations. Even if pure titanium or titanium alloy having a high melting point is used as the ultrasonic probe, appropriate measures must be taken.
Attempts have also been made to treat the melt with a high melting point niobium alloy, but the niobium alloy has a relatively high acoustic impedance value, and the energy transmitted to the melt is greatly reduced, so that the treatment effect is relatively poor.
In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is necessary to develop a novel ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating a cast iron melt, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems of serious corrosion of the metal probe, easy cracking of the ceramic probe and high cost, the ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating the cast iron melt is provided. The invention mainly utilizes the modes of coating a refractory coating on the titanium ultrasonic probe and winding the cooling pipe to achieve the effect of meeting the requirement of ultrasonic treatment of cast iron melt in production.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
an ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melts, comprising: induction furnace, iron runner, tundish, slide block, funnel, casting mold or ingot mold; the tundish is positioned above the casting mould or the ingot mould; a sliding block is arranged at the opening part of the bottom of the tundish and is positioned at the upper part of the funnel above the casting mold or the ingot mold; two ends of the iron runner are respectively positioned at the opening below the outlet part of the induction furnace and at the opening above the tundish; the method is characterized in that: the tundish is arranged in a heat preservation furnace, and a heat preservation cover is always covered on an opening part above the tundish; a platinum-rhodium thermocouple is inserted into the cast iron melt in the tundish and is connected with a temperature control device, and the temperature control device is simultaneously connected with a holding furnace; a titanium ultrasonic probe is also immersed above the cast iron melt in the tundish; the titanium ultrasonic probe is arranged on an ultrasonic amplitude transformer which is connected with an ultrasonic generator electrical appliance through a transducer.
Furthermore, a snake-shaped pure copper cooling pipe is arranged on the titanium ultrasonic probe; the snakelike pure copper cooling pipe is wound on the titanium ultrasonic probe and is positioned 5-40mm above the liquid level of the cast iron melt, and the flow of cooling water in the pipe is 10-60 ml/s; .
Furthermore, the end face and the measuring surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe, which are in contact with the cast iron melt, are coated with a refractory coating.
Furthermore, the refractory coating is prepared by mixing and drying 65-90% of refractory material, 10-35% of binder and 0.01-0.04% of auxiliary material, and drying at 500 ℃ for 0.5-3 hours and 300-.
Further, the particle size of the refractory material is 200-400 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating the cast iron melt provided by the invention has the effects of refining the cast iron eutectic cluster structure, removing gas in the cast iron melt and the like, inducing the formation of spherical graphite, improving the inoculation effect of nodular cast iron and the like by applying ultrasonic waves to the cast iron liquid.
2. The ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating the cast iron melt provided by the invention is simple and feasible, has low cost and is easy to operate, can implement irradiation effect on the cast iron melt for a long time, and can effectively prevent the defects that a titanium ultrasonic probe is easy to corrode and melt in the high-temperature cast iron melt and is difficult to implement irradiation treatment; and has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, economy, environmental protection, resource regeneration and the like.
3. The ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating the cast iron melt provided by the invention is characterized in that a titanium ultrasonic probe is improved, and a refractory coating is coated on the surface of the probe in liquid contact with the cast iron; the water-cooling coiled pipe is adopted above the end surface of the probe to forcibly cool the probe, so as to prevent the cavitation corrosion of the ultrasonic probe. It is suitable for ultrasonic treatment of molten non-ferrous metals such as Al, Mg, Cu and Zn, and also suitable for ultrasonic treatment of molten steel including cast iron with hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic components, common cast iron containing Ti, and carbon-containing alloys such as Fe-Sn-C system and Fe-Si-C system.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems that the metal probe in the prior art is seriously corroded, the ceramic probe is easy to crack and the manufacturing cost is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an ultrasonic generator 2, a transducer 3, an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 4, a titanium ultrasonic probe 5, a snakelike pure copper cooling pipe 6, a refractory coating 7, a temperature control device 8, a platinum-rhodium thermocouple 9, an induction furnace 10, a cast iron melt 11, a heat preservation cover 12, a funnel 13, a casting mold or ingot mold 14, an iron flowing groove 15, a heat preservation furnace 16, a sliding block 17 and a tundish.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown, the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration apparatus suitable for treating a cast iron melt, comprising: an induction furnace 9, a casting runner 14, a tundish 17, a slide block 16, a funnel 12 and a casting mold or ingot mold 13; a tundish 17 is positioned above the casting mould or ingot mould 13; a sliding block 16 is arranged at the opening part of the bottom of the tundish 17 and is positioned at the upper part of the funnel 12 above the casting mold or ingot mold 13; two ends of the iron runner 14 are respectively positioned at the opening below the outlet part of the induction furnace 9 and above the tundish 17; the method is characterized in that: the tundish 17 is arranged in the heat preservation furnace 15, and an opening part above the tundish 17 is always covered with a heat preservation cover 11; a platinum-rhodium thermocouple 8 is inserted into the cast iron melt 10 in the tundish 17, the platinum-rhodium thermocouple 8 is connected with a temperature control device 7, and the temperature control device 7 is simultaneously connected with a holding furnace 15; a titanium ultrasonic probe 4 is also immersed above the cast iron melt 10 in the tundish 17; the titanium ultrasonic probe 4 is arranged on the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 3 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator 1 through the energy converter 2.
The titanium ultrasonic probe 4 is provided with a snakelike pure copper cooling pipe 5, and the flow of cooling water in the pipe is 10-60 ml/s; the snakelike pure copper cooling pipe 5 is wound on the titanium ultrasonic probe 4 and is positioned 5-40mm above the liquid level of the cast iron melt 10; .
The end face and the measuring surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4 which is contacted with the cast iron melt 10 are coated with a refractory coating 6. The refractory coating 6 is prepared by mixing 65-90% of refractory material (the granularity is 200-.
Example 1
1. Taking the raw materials of benxi pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, carburant and the like as 10kg, melting the prepared raw materials by using an induction furnace 9 controlled by 100kW silicon controlled rectifier, and overheating the melt to 1500 ℃; the prepared gray cast iron comprises the following nominal components (wt%): c is 3.85%; si is 1.3%; mn is less than 0.3%; s is less than 0.03%; p < 0.07%; carbon equivalent 4.307, belonging to eutectic gray cast iron;
2. flowing the molten gray cast iron melt 10 through a runner channel 14 into an insulated tundish 17, the insulated tundish being maintained at a temperature of 1200 ℃;
3. winding a snake-shaped pure copper cooling pipe 5 at the position 5mm away from the liquid level of the gray cast iron melt on the outer surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, and introducing cooling water into the pipe, wherein the flow rate of the cooling water is 10 ml/s;
4. the end surface and the side surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, which are contacted with the metal liquid, are coated with a refractory coating 6, and the refractory coating 6 is 65 percent of earthy graphite powder (with the granularity of 200); mixing 35% of water glass (sodium silicate) and 0.01% of n-butanol, drying, and oven drying at 300 deg.C for 0.5 hr;
5. when the temperature is reduced to 1420 ℃, immersing the ultrasonic probe 4 into the liquid level of the cast iron melt by 5mm, and applying 2000W high-energy ultrasonic irradiation to the molten iron in the tundish, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 15kHz, and the ultrasonic irradiation time is 5 minutes; the cooling speed of the tundish is 0.8 ℃/s;
6. after the ultrasonic irradiation is finished, the ultrasonic irradiation probe 4 is immediately moved out, the slide block 16 at the bottom of the tundish 17 is opened, and the treated cast iron melt is poured into the casting mold 13 through the funnel 12.
Example 2
1. Using 99.9% of electrolytic iron, high-purity graphite with 99.99% of carbon content and high-purity silicon with 99.999% of silicon content as raw materials, wherein the weight of the raw materials is about 40 kg; putting the prepared raw materials into an induction furnace 9, melting the raw materials to synthesize cast iron, and overheating the cast iron to 1600 ℃; the chemical components of the prepared master alloy are as follows: 3.8% of C, 2.1% of Si;
2. flowing the molten cast iron melt 10 through a runner channel 14 into a thermally insulated tundish 17, the temperature of which is maintained at 1000 ℃;
3. winding a snake-shaped pure copper cooling pipe 5 at a position 20mm away from the liquid level of the gray cast iron melt on the outer surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, and introducing cooling water into the pipe, wherein the flow rate of the cooling water is 35 ml/s;
4. the end surface and the side surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, which are contacted with the metal liquid, are coated with a refractory coating 6, and the refractory coating 6 is 80 percent of Australian zircon powder (the granularity is 300); mixing silica sol 20% and n-amyl alcohol 0.02%, drying, and oven drying at 400 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain the final product;
5. when the temperature is reduced to 1500 ℃, high-energy ultrasonic irradiation treatment is applied to the liquid cast iron melt in the heat-preservation tundish 17, the ultrasonic probe 4 is immersed 30mm below the liquid level of the cast iron melt, the ultrasonic frequency is 25kHz, the ultrasonic power is 3000W, and the irradiation time of applying ultrasonic waves to the cast iron melt is 30 minutes; the cooling speed of the tundish is 0.6 ℃/s;
6. after the ultrasonic irradiation is finished, the ultrasonic irradiation probe 4 is immediately moved out, the slide block 16 at the bottom of the tundish 17 is slid open, and the treated cast iron melt is poured into the casting mold (or ingot mold) 13 through the funnel 12 for molding.
Example 3
1. The raw materials are proportioned according to the component requirements, taking Ti-containing common cast iron alloy as an example, 120kg of proportioned raw materials are put into an induction furnace 9 for melting, and are overheated to 1380 ℃; the chemical components of the prepared alloy are as follows: 3.6% of C, 2.6% of Si, 0.07% of P, 0.09% of S and 0.2% of Ti; the carbon equivalent is 4.4, belonging to hypereutectic cast iron;
2. keeping the temperature of the molten common cast iron melt 10 containing Ti in situ in a furnace, and reducing the temperature to about 1100 ℃;
3. winding a snake-shaped pure copper cooling pipe 5 at the position 40mm away from the liquid level of the gray cast iron melt on the outer surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, and introducing cooling water into the pipe, wherein the flow rate of the cooling water is 60 ml/s;
4. the end surface and the side surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe 4, which are contacted with the metal liquid, are coated with a refractory coating 6, and the refractory coating 6 is formed by magnesia powder (the granularity is 400) accounting for 90 percent; the refractory clay is 10% and Na2CO3Mixing 0.04%, drying, and oven drying at 400 deg.C for 3 hr;
5. immersing an ultrasonic probe 4 in 10mm below the liquid level of the cast iron melt, applying high-energy ultrasonic irradiation treatment to the liquid cast iron melt in the furnace, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, the ultrasonic power is 3500W, and the irradiation time of applying ultrasonic to the cast iron melt is 10 minutes; the cooling speed of the melt in the furnace is 0.3 ℃/s;
6. after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, the ultrasonic irradiation probe 4 is immediately removed, and the treated Ti-containing common cast iron melt 10 is directly poured into a casting mold 13 through a funnel 12 for solidification and molding.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melts, comprising: the device comprises an induction furnace (9), a casting trough (14), a tundish (17), a slide block (16), a funnel (12) and a casting mold or ingot mold (13); the tundish (17) is positioned above the casting mould or ingot mould (13); a sliding block (16) is arranged at the opening part of the bottom of the tundish (17) and is positioned at the upper part of the funnel (12) above the casting mold or ingot mold (13); two ends of the iron runner (14) are respectively positioned at the opening below the outlet part of the induction furnace (9) and above the tundish (17); the method is characterized in that: the tundish (17) is arranged in the heat preservation furnace (15), and an opening part above the tundish (17) is always covered with a heat preservation cover (11); a platinum-rhodium thermocouple (8) is inserted into a cast iron melt (10) in the tundish (17), the platinum-rhodium thermocouple (8) is connected with a temperature control device (7), and the temperature control device (7) is simultaneously connected with a holding furnace (15); a titanium ultrasonic probe (4) is also immersed above the cast iron melt (10) in the tundish (17); the titanium ultrasonic probe (4) is arranged on the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (3), and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (3) is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator (1) through the transducer (2);
the titanium ultrasonic probe (4) is provided with a snakelike pure copper cooling pipe (5), and the flow of cooling water in the pipe is 10-60 ml/s; the snakelike pure copper cooling pipe (5) is wound on the titanium ultrasonic probe (4) and is positioned 5-40mm above the liquid level of the cast iron melt (10);
the end surface and the measuring surface of the titanium ultrasonic probe (4) which is in contact with the cast iron melt (10) are coated with a refractory coating (6); the refractory coating (6) is prepared by mixing and drying 65-90% of refractory material, 10-35% of binder and 0.01-0.04% of auxiliary material, and drying at 500 ℃ for 0.5-3 hours and 300-.
2. An ultrasonic vibration device suitable for treating cast iron melt as defined in claim 1, wherein the particle size of said refractory material is 200-400 mesh.
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| CN110216250B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-26 | 东北大学 | Frequency-combination ultrasonic magnesium alloy semi-continuous casting device and method |
| CN110216251B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-26 | 东北大学 | Device and method for performing magnesium alloy semi-continuous casting by applying group frequency ultrasound |
| US20220097130A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Aluminum castings using ultrasonic technology |
| CN115121771B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-06-09 | 西北工业大学 | Intelligent ultrasonic continuous casting method and measuring and controlling device for metal section |
| CN115007820B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-03-21 | 西北工业大学 | Ultrasonic continuous casting method and system for reducing wall thickness sensitivity of spherical graphite tissue |
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