CN109599606B - Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery - Google Patents

Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery Download PDF

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CN109599606B
CN109599606B CN201710920167.3A CN201710920167A CN109599606B CN 109599606 B CN109599606 B CN 109599606B CN 201710920167 A CN201710920167 A CN 201710920167A CN 109599606 B CN109599606 B CN 109599606B
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battery
temperature
batteries
thermal management
heat exchanger
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CN109599606A (en
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伍星驰
谈际刚
王洪军
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to TW107127008A priority patent/TWI675504B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/108794 priority patent/WO2019062960A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature adjusting method and a temperature adjusting system of a vehicle-mounted battery, wherein the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery comprises a plurality of battery thermal management modules which are respectively connected with a plurality of batteries; a heat exchanger connected to each of the plurality of battery thermal management modules, wherein a portion of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a first conduit in the heat exchanger and another portion of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a second conduit in the heat exchanger; the controller is used for obtaining the temperatures of the batteries and judging whether the temperature difference between the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not, wherein if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger. Therefore, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.

Description

Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of automotive technologies, and in particular, to a method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and a system for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery.
Background
Currently, an on-board battery system in an electric vehicle may include a plurality of batteries, and the batteries are arranged at different positions, or heating/cooling power provided by a battery temperature regulation system for each battery is not uniform, so that the temperature of each battery is greatly different, the temperature uniformity of the batteries is poor, and the cycle life of the batteries is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted battery temperature control system that can equalize the temperatures of a plurality of batteries by a heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is large, thereby improving the cycle life of the batteries.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a temperature regulation system for a vehicle-mounted battery.
A third object of the invention is to propose a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle-mounted battery, including: a plurality of battery thermal management modules respectively connected to the plurality of batteries; the heat exchanger is connected with the plurality of battery thermal management modules, the heat exchanger comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline, one part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected with the first pipeline of the heat exchanger, and the other part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected with the second pipeline of the heat exchanger; the controller is used for obtaining the temperatures of the batteries and judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not, wherein if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the batteries are obtained through the controller, whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger. Therefore, the system can equalize the temperatures of the batteries through the heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, so that the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle-mounted battery, including: acquiring the temperatures of the plurality of batteries; judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold value or not; and if the temperature of the batteries is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, balancing the temperatures of the batteries through the heat exchanger.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are obtained firstly, whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger. Therefore, according to the method, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
To achieve the above object, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided according to a third embodiment of the present invention, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program implementing the temperature adjustment method when executed by a processor.
The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention first obtains the temperatures of the plurality of batteries, then judges whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold, and if so, equalizes the temperatures of the plurality of batteries through the heat exchanger, so that the temperatures of the plurality of batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is large, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which,
FIGS. 1a-1b are block schematic diagrams of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a control topology of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a block schematic diagram of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout.
Fig. 1a and 1b are block schematic diagrams of a temperature regulation system of an in-vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the system includes: a plurality of battery thermal management modules respectively connected with the plurality of batteries, a heat exchanger 2 connected with each of the plurality of battery thermal management modules, and a controller (not specifically shown in the figure).
The heat exchanger 2 comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline, one part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected with the first pipeline in the heat exchanger, and the other part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected with the second pipeline in the heat exchanger 2. The controller is connected with the battery thermal management module and used for obtaining the temperatures of the batteries and judging whether the temperature difference between the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not, wherein if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger 2. The preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be 8 ℃.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the battery includes a first battery 31 and a second battery 32, and the battery thermal management module includes a first battery thermal management module 11 and a second battery thermal management module 12.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the heat exchanger 2 may be a plate heat exchanger, and two pipes in the heat exchanger 2 are independently disposed adjacent to each other. The controller comprises a battery manager, the battery manager can be used for managing the batteries, can detect information such as voltage, current and temperature of each battery, sends battery temperature equalization function starting information when the temperature difference among the batteries exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, and sends battery temperature equalization completion information when the temperature difference among the batteries meets requirements, for example, the temperature difference among the batteries is less than 3 ℃. The Controller may perform CAN (Controller Area Network) communication with the battery thermal management module, and when a large temperature difference exists between the two batteries, for example, the temperature difference exceeds 8 ℃, the Controller sends battery temperature equalization function start information to the battery thermal management module, and the battery thermal management module starts to operate. As shown in fig. 1a, media flow in the first pipeline and the second pipeline, wherein the direction of the media flow in the first pipeline is as follows: the heat exchanger-first battery thermal management module 11-first battery 31-battery thermal management module 11-heat exchanger 2 specifically includes: the heat exchanger 2, the pump 12, the first temperature sensor 14, the first battery 31, the second temperature sensor 15, the flow rate sensor 16, the medium container 13 and the heat exchanger 2; the flow direction of the medium in the second pipeline is as follows: the heat exchanger-second battery thermal management module 12-first battery 32-battery thermal management module 12-heat exchanger is specifically: heat exchanger 2-pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-first battery 32-second temperature sensor 15-flow rate sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 2. The batteries with higher temperature and the batteries with lower temperature exchange heat through the heat exchanger 2, so that the temperature balance of the batteries is realized. As also shown in fig. 1b, the media in the first and second lines flow, wherein the direction of the media flow in the first line is: the heat exchanger-first battery thermal management module 11-first battery 31-battery thermal management module 11-heat exchanger is specifically: the heat exchanger 2, the medium container 13, the flow rate sensor 16, the second temperature sensor 15, the first battery 31, the first temperature sensor 14, the pump 12 and the heat exchanger 2; the flow direction of the medium in the second pipeline is as follows: the heat exchanger-second battery thermal management module 12-first battery 32-battery thermal management module 12-heat exchanger is specifically: heat exchanger 2-pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-first battery 32-second temperature sensor 15-flow rate sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 2. The flow direction of the first battery circulation loop in fig. 1b is opposite to that in fig. 1a, and the medium flow directions of the first pipeline and the second pipeline in the heat exchanger 2 are opposite, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be improved compared with that in fig. 1 a.
Therefore, the system can equalize the temperatures of the batteries through the heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, so that the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In the invention, the battery refers to an energy storage device which is arranged on the electric vehicle, provides power output for the electric vehicle and supplies power for other electric equipment on the vehicle, and can be repeatedly charged. The battery may include a battery pack or a battery module.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the battery thermal management module includes a pump 12, a first temperature sensor 14, a second temperature sensor 15, and a flow rate sensor 16 disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the pump 12, the first temperature sensor 14, the second temperature sensor 15, and the flow rate sensor 16 being connected to the manufacturing machine; wherein: the pump 12 is used for making the medium in the heat exchange flow path flow; the first temperature sensor 14 is for detecting an inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor 15 is for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow rate sensor 16 detects the flow rate of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Specifically, the medium flows into the interior of the cell from the inlet of the flow path and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the cell and the medium. The pump 12 is primarily intended to provide power and the medium reservoir 13 is primarily intended to store medium and to receive medium to be added to the temperature regulation system, the medium in the medium reservoir 13 being automatically replenished when the medium in the temperature regulation system decreases. The first temperature sensor 14 is arranged to detect the temperature of the flow path inlet medium and the second temperature sensor 15 is arranged to detect the temperature of the flow path outlet medium. Flow sensor 16 is used to sense flow rate information of the medium in the conduit of the temperature regulated system.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle-mounted battery further includes a battery state detection module for detecting a current of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the controller is further connected to the battery state detection module.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller is further used for obtaining the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature balance required power P3 of the battery, and controlling the pump according to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature balance required power P3 of the battery.
How the battery thermal management module obtains the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
The equilibrium demand power P3 is the heating power/cooling power required to be obtained when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is adjusted within a preset range, for example, within 3 ℃. The temperature adjustment actual power P2 is the actual heating power/cooling power obtained when the battery is temperature equalized. The target time is a preset value, and may be 1h, for example.
The equilibrium power demand P3 includes a heating power demand P3a and a cooling power demand P3b, and when the mass, the internal resistance and the current are the same between the two batteries, the controller may perform the following equations:
Figure GDA0002625448330000051
generating a mean cooling demand power P3 b; when heating the battery, the controller may be according to the formula:
Figure GDA0002625448330000052
the heating required power P3a is generated. Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M is the mass of the battery, I is the current of the battery, and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
When the mass, the current, and the internal resistances of the two batteries are not equal, taking as an example that the temperature of the battery 1 is low, the temperature of the battery 2 is high, the battery 1 needs to be heated, and the battery 2 needs to be cooled, the controller may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following formula (1) and the cooling required power P3b according to the formula (2):
Figure GDA0002625448330000053
Figure GDA0002625448330000054
wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2The temperature of the first battery 41 is changed for the internal resistance of the second batteryInto
Figure GDA0002625448330000055
The temperature change of the second battery 42 is:
Figure GDA0002625448330000056
in the control method of the formula, the current heat generation of the battery is completely counteracted, so that the battery temperature with higher temperature does not rise in the whole battery temperature balancing process, but the power required by balancing is higher.
Another way of regulating is described below, namely, only considering reducing the temperature difference between the batteries as soon as possible, and not guaranteeing whether the temperature of the batteries will rise. This case is suitable for a case where the battery temperature is not so high and the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and it is not necessary to restrict the temperature of the batteries from rising. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
assuming that the first battery 41 needs to be cooled and the second battery 42 needs to be heated when the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than that of the second battery 42, the difference of the heat generation power caused by the difference of the currents between the two batteries is as follows
Figure GDA0002625448330000057
The controller may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following equation (3) and the cooling required power P3b according to equation (4):
Figure GDA0002625448330000061
Figure GDA0002625448330000062
i.e. P3a ═ P3b
Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2Is the second electricityInternal resistance of the cell.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to acquire an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of the flow path for acquiring the battery temperature, acquire a flow rate v at which the medium flows into the flow path, and generate the second temperature difference Δ T according to the inlet temperature of the flow path of the battery temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 13 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 142And according to the second temperature difference DeltaT of each battery2And the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 15 generates the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric controller generates the temperature-regulated actual power P2 by the following formula: p2 ═ Δ T2C m, wherein Δ T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the controller may further include a battery thermal management controller, and the battery thermal management controller may be electrically connected to the first temperature sensor 14, the second temperature sensor 15, and the flow rate sensor 16, perform CAN communication with the pump 12, acquire the temperature-regulated actual power P2 according to the specific heat capacity of the medium and the density of the medium, and control the rotation speed of the pump 12 and monitor the medium temperature and the medium flow rate. When the battery temperature equalization function is activated, the battery thermal management controller controls the pump 12 to operate at a default low speed.
How the controller controls the pump 12 according to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is configured to increase the rotation speed of the pump 12 when the battery temperature adjustment actual power P2 is less than the battery temperature equalization demand power P3, and to decrease the rotation speed of the pump 12 or maintain the rotation speed of the pump 12 constant when the battery temperature adjustment actual power P2 is greater than or equal to the battery temperature equalization demand power P3.
Specifically, when the temperature of the battery is balanced, the controller acquires the actual temperature regulation power P2 and the required temperature balance power P3 of each battery in real time, and if the actual temperature regulation power P2 of a certain battery is smaller than the required temperature balance power P3 of the battery, the rotating speed of the pump 12 in the battery thermal management module corresponding to the battery is increased to increase the flow speed v of the medium in the battery cooling pipeline, and then the actual temperature regulation power P2 of the battery is increased to complete the temperature balance within the target time. And if the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of a certain battery is greater than or equal to the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery, reducing the rotating speed of the pump 12 in the battery thermal management module corresponding to the battery so as to save electric energy or keeping the rotating speed of the pump 12 unchanged.
In addition, the invention also provides another temperature regulation system for vehicle-mounted batteries, as shown in fig. 3, the main difference between fig. 1a and fig. 1b and fig. 3 is that a heat exchange fan is added in fig. 3, and in the scheme in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, two batteries need to be simultaneously connected into a circulation loop at one end of a heat exchanger 2 to realize temperature equalization, that is, one battery needs to be heated, the other battery needs to be cooled simultaneously, and fig. 1a and fig. 1b can quickly realize temperature equalization between the batteries.
And the scheme shown in fig. 3 can be realized by controlling only one of the batteries to be connected to the temperature equalization loop, and the other end of the battery is subjected to heat exchange with the external environment through the fan, that is, if the temperature of the first battery is higher, the first battery can be connected to the first pipeline of the heat exchanger 2 alone, and the battery 2 does not need to be connected to the second pipeline, so that the battery 2 can be cooled more quickly in fig. 3. For example, when the first battery temperature is higher than the temperature of the battery 2, the first battery thermal management module starts to operate, the control pump 12 starts to operate, and the heat exchange fan 2 is controlled to start to operate, so that heat of the medium in the first pipe of the heat exchanger 2 is blown to the external environment through the heat exchange fan, the temperature of the medium is reduced, cooling power is provided for the battery, the temperature of the first battery is reduced, and the temperature difference between the first battery and the battery 2 is reduced. When the temperature of the battery 2 is higher than that of the first battery, the second battery thermal management module starts to work, the control pump 12 starts, and the heat exchange fan 1 is controlled to start to work, so that heat of a medium in the second pipeline in the heat exchanger 2 is blown to the external environment through the heat exchange fan, the temperature of the medium is reduced, cooling power is provided for the battery, the temperature of the first battery is reduced, and the temperature difference between the first battery and the battery 2 is reduced.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the batteries are obtained through the controller, whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger. Therefore, the system can equalize the temperatures of the batteries through the heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, so that the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of an in-vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjusting system includes a plurality of battery thermal management modules respectively connected to a plurality of batteries, and a heat exchanger connected to each of the plurality of battery thermal management modules, wherein a part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a first pipe in the heat exchanger, and another part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a second pipe in the heat exchanger (the battery and the battery thermal management modules are taken as an example in the figure). As shown in fig. 4, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle-mounted battery includes the steps of:
and S1, acquiring the temperatures of the batteries.
And S2, judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value. The preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be 8 ℃.
And S3, if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, equalizing the temperatures of the plurality of batteries through the heat exchanger.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the heat exchanger may be a plate heat exchanger, and two pipes in the heat exchanger are independently arranged adjacent to each other. When a large temperature difference exists between the two batteries, for example, the temperature difference exceeds 8 ℃, the starting information of the battery temperature balancing function is sent to the battery thermal management module, the battery thermal management module is started to work, media in the first pipeline and the second pipeline flow, and the flowing direction of the media in the first pipeline is as follows: the heat exchanger-the first battery thermal management module-the first battery-the battery thermal management module-the heat exchanger; the flow direction of the medium in the second pipeline is as follows: heat exchanger-second battery thermal management module-first battery-battery thermal management module-heat exchanger. The battery with higher temperature and the battery with lower temperature exchange heat through the heat exchanger, and the temperature balance of the batteries is realized. When the temperature difference between the batteries satisfies the requirement, for example, the temperature difference between the batteries is less than 3 ℃, the temperature equalization of the batteries is completed. Therefore, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In the invention, the battery refers to an energy storage device which is arranged on the electric vehicle, provides power output for the electric vehicle and supplies power for other electric equipment on the vehicle, and can be repeatedly charged. The battery may include a battery pack or a battery module.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the battery includes a first battery and a second battery, the battery thermal management module includes a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module, and the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor electrically disposed on the heat exchange flow path. The above method may further include: acquiring the temperature balance required power P3 of the battery; acquiring the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery; the pump is controlled according to the temperature regulation actual power P2 and the temperature regulation required power P1. When the battery temperature equalization function is started, the pump is controlled to operate at a default low rotation speed.
How to obtain the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
The temperature equalization demand power P3 is a heating power/cooling power required to be obtained when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is adjusted within a preset range, for example, within 3 ℃. The temperature adjustment actual power P2 is the actual heating power/cooling power obtained when the battery is temperature equalized. The target time is a preset value, and may be 1h, for example.
The equilibrium power demand P3 includes a heating power demand P3a and a cooling power demand P3b, and when the mass, the internal resistance and the current are the same between the two batteries, the controller may perform the following equations:
Figure GDA0002625448330000091
generating a mean cooling demand power P3 b; when heating the battery, the controller may be according to the formula:
Figure GDA0002625448330000092
the heating required power P3a is generated. Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M is the mass of the battery, I is the current of the battery, and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
When the mass, the current, and the internal resistances of the two batteries are not equal, taking as an example that the first battery is at a low temperature, the battery 2 is at a high temperature, the first battery needs to be heated, and the second battery needs to be cooled, the controller may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following formula (1) and the cooling required power P3b according to the following formula (2):
Figure GDA0002625448330000093
Figure GDA0002625448330000094
wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2The temperature of the first battery 41 is changed to the internal resistance of the second battery
Figure GDA0002625448330000095
Second oneThe temperature change of the battery 42 is:
Figure GDA0002625448330000096
in the control method of the formula, the current heat generation of the battery is completely counteracted, so that the battery temperature with higher temperature does not rise in the whole battery temperature balancing process, but the power required by balancing is higher.
Another way of regulating is described below, namely, only considering reducing the temperature difference between the batteries as soon as possible, and not guaranteeing whether the temperature of the batteries will rise. This case is suitable for a case where the battery temperature is not so high and the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and it is not necessary to restrict the temperature of the batteries from rising. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
assuming that the first battery 41 needs to be cooled and the second battery 42 needs to be heated when the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than that of the second battery 42, the difference of the heat generation power caused by the difference of the currents between the two batteries is as follows
Figure GDA0002625448330000097
The controller may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following equation (3) and the cooling required power P3b according to equation (4):
Figure GDA0002625448330000101
Figure GDA0002625448330000102
i.e. P3a ═ P3b
Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2Is the internal resistance of the second battery
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery specifically includes: obtainTaking the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and acquiring the flow velocity v of a medium flowing into the flow path; generating a second temperature difference Δ T from the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature2(ii) a According to the second temperature difference DeltaT2And the flow rate v generates a temperature regulated actual power P2. The inlet temperature may be detected by a first temperature sensor, the outlet temperature may be detected by a second temperature sensor, and the flow rate v may be detected by a flow rate sensor.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated by the following formula: p2 ═ Δ T2C m, wherein Δ T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
How to control the pump according to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery and the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery is less than the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery, the rotation speed of the pump 12 is increased; when the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery is greater than or equal to the temperature equalization required power P3 of the battery, the rotation speed of the pump is reduced or kept constant.
Specifically, when the temperature of the battery is balanced, the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 and the temperature-balance required power P3 of each battery are acquired in real time, and if the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of a certain battery is smaller than the temperature-balance required power P3 of the battery, the rotation speed of a pump in a battery thermal management module corresponding to the battery is increased to increase the flow speed v of a medium in a battery cooling pipeline, and then the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of the battery is increased to complete temperature balance within a target time. And if the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of a certain battery is greater than or equal to the temperature balance required power P3 of the battery, reducing the rotating speed of a pump in the battery thermal management module corresponding to the battery to save electric energy or keeping the rotating speed of the pump unchanged.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are obtained firstly, whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger. Therefore, according to the method, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the temperature adjustment method described above.
The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention first obtains the temperatures of the plurality of batteries, then judges whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold, and if so, equalizes the temperatures of the plurality of batteries through the heat exchanger, so that the temperatures of the plurality of batteries can be equalized through the heat exchanger when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is large, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery, characterized by comprising:
the battery heat management modules are respectively connected with the heat exchange flow paths of the batteries and comprise pumps arranged on the heat exchange flow paths;
the heat exchanger is connected with the plurality of battery heat management modules, the heat exchanger comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline which exchange heat with each other, one part of the plurality of battery heat management modules is connected with the first pipeline in the heat exchanger, and the other part of the plurality of battery heat management modules is connected with the second pipeline in the heat exchanger;
the controller is connected with the battery thermal management module and used for acquiring the temperatures of the batteries and judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold value or not, wherein if the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced through the heat exchanger;
the controller is further used for obtaining the required power for temperature equalization of the battery, obtaining the actual power for temperature adjustment of the battery, and controlling the pump according to the actual power for temperature adjustment and the required power for temperature equalization.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery comprises a first battery and a second battery, and the battery thermal management module comprises a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module.
3. The vehicle battery thermostat system of claim 1, wherein the battery thermal management module further comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the pump, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the flow rate sensor being connected to the controller; wherein:
the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow;
the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery;
the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery;
the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
4. The vehicle battery temperature regulation system of claim 3, wherein the battery thermal management module further comprises a media container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the media container being configured to store and supply media to the heat exchange flow path.
5. The system according to claim 3, further comprising a battery state detection module for detecting a current of the vehicle-mounted battery, wherein the controller is further connected to the battery state detection module.
6. A method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery, wherein a vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjustment system includes a plurality of battery thermal management modules respectively connected to heat exchange flow paths of a plurality of batteries, each battery thermal management module includes a pump disposed on the heat exchange flow path, and a heat exchanger connected to each of the plurality of battery thermal management modules, wherein a part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a first pipe of the heat exchanger, and another part of the plurality of battery thermal management modules is connected to a second pipe of the heat exchanger, and the method includes the steps of:
acquiring the temperatures of the plurality of batteries;
judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold value or not;
if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, balancing the temperatures of the plurality of batteries through the heat exchanger;
wherein the method further comprises:
acquiring the temperature balance required power of the battery;
acquiring the actual temperature regulation power of the battery;
and controlling the pump according to the temperature adjustment actual power and the temperature balance required power.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the battery comprises a first battery and a second battery, the battery thermal management module comprises a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module, and the battery thermal management module comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on the heat exchange flow path.
8. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:
when the actual temperature regulation power of the battery is smaller than the required temperature balance power of the battery, increasing the rotating speed of the pump;
and when the actual temperature regulation power of the battery is greater than or equal to the temperature balance required power of the battery, reducing the rotating speed of the pump or keeping the rotating speed of the pump unchanged.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the acquiring of the temperature-adjusted actual power of the battery specifically comprises:
acquiring an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and acquiring a flow rate of a medium flowing into the flow path;
generating a second temperature difference based on the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature;
and generating the temperature adjustment actual power according to the second temperature difference and the flow rate.
10. The temperature adjustment method of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 9, characterized in that the temperature adjustment actual power is generated by the following formula:
ΔT2*c*m，
wherein, the Δ T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross section of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross section of the flow path.
11. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method of the in-vehicle battery according to any one of claims 6 to 10.
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