CN109595196B - Design method of bionic current collector for centrifugal fan impeller - Google Patents

Design method of bionic current collector for centrifugal fan impeller Download PDF

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CN109595196B
CN109595196B CN201811184282.XA CN201811184282A CN109595196B CN 109595196 B CN109595196 B CN 109595196B CN 201811184282 A CN201811184282 A CN 201811184282A CN 109595196 B CN109595196 B CN 109595196B
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current collector
point
impeller
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centrifugal fan
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CN109595196A (en
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朱国俊
罗兴锜
冯建军
卢金玲
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Xian University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a bionic current collector for a centrifugal fan impeller, which specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, designing a current collector with an outlet edge without a bionic sawtooth groove shape; step 2, designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth at the outlet edge of the current collector; and 3, processing the bionic sawtooth shape designed in the step 2 on the edge of the outlet of the current collector to obtain the bionic current collector. The invention improves the efficiency of the impeller of the centrifugal fan and reduces the working noise of the centrifugal fan by performing unique bionic design on the part of the current collector inserted into the inlet of the impeller, thereby improving the pneumatic performance and the operation stability of the impeller of the centrifugal fan.

Description

Design method of bionic current collector for centrifugal fan impeller
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and relates to a design method of a bionic current collector for a centrifugal fan impeller.
Background
Centrifugal fans are widely used in various sectors of national economy such as energy, military, environment and the like, and are fluid machines which increase the pressure of gas through mechanical energy and convey the gas. Centrifugal fans are usually used in conjunction with an inlet collector, which primarily serves to accelerate the air flow and ensure uniform air intake by the fan impeller with minimal pressure loss. The current collectors have various types, and the current collectors generally used in small fans have structures with arc-shaped lines outside the impeller and straight lines at the part inserted into the impeller, and although the structures and the processing processes of the current collectors are simple, the current collectors have poor performance, easily cause medium-high frequency noise of the fans, and are not beneficial to energy conservation and noise reduction of the fans.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a bionic current collector for an impeller of a centrifugal fan, which improves the efficiency of the impeller of the centrifugal fan and reduces the working noise of the centrifugal fan by performing unique bionic design on a part of the current collector inserted into an inlet of the impeller, thereby improving the pneumatic performance and the operation stability of the impeller of the centrifugal fan.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the design method of the bionic current collector for the impeller of the centrifugal fan comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a current collector with an outlet edge without a bionic sawtooth groove shape;
step 2, designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth at the outlet edge of the current collector;
and 3, processing the bionic sawtooth shape designed in the step 2 on the edge of the outlet of the current collector to obtain the bionic current collector.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
dividing an outer wall molded line ABCD of a current collector bus into a straight line section AB, an arc section BC and an insertion section CD for design, wherein the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1, firstly, determining the position of an A point;
the radial distance between the point A and the rotating shaft of the centrifugal fan impeller is D1The axial distance from the inlet face of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is h1According to D1And h1The position of the point A can be determined;
step 1.2, determining the position of a C point;
the geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller matched with the current collector is known on the meridian plane, so that the flow channel geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller on the meridian plane is also known, and the radial clearance d between the flow channel inlet E point in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller and the molded line on the outer wall surface of the current collector is determined according to the radial clearance dtThe position of the C point can be determined;
step 1.3, determining the position of a D point, and designing an insertion section CD as a straight-line section;
the straight line segment CD is parallel to the tangential direction of the flow channel molded line in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller at the point E, and the axial distance between the point C and the point D is h2According to the coordinate of the point C and the distance h of the current collector inserted into the impeller of the centrifugal fan2The coordinate position of the point D can be obtained;
step 1.4, drawing an arc segment BC on a meridian plane;
the radius R of the arc segment BC is obtained by solving a geometric calculation formula according to the following formula (3) by making a perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersect with a horizontal straight line of the point A on a meridian plane, wherein the perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersects with the horizontal straight line of the point A on the meridian plane, and the included angle between the straight line CF and the horizontal straight line of the point A is α:
Figure BDA0001825797290000031
step 1.5, after drawing the arc section BC, determining and finishing an outer wall surface molded line ABCD of a bus of the current collector on the meridian plane, performing curve offset on the molded line ABCD towards the direction of a rotation center, wherein the offset distance is equal to the wall thickness of the current collector, obtaining an inner wall surface molded line A 'B' C 'D' of the bus of the current collector after the offset is finished, designing the bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' of the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge, and rotating the bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' of the current collector around a rotation shaft to obtain the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge.
In step 1.1, D is determined by the following formulae (1) and (2)1And h1：
D1＝(1.1～1.4)Din(1)；
h1＝(0.3～0.35)Din(2)；
Wherein D isinIs the diameter of the inlet of the impeller of the centrifugal ventilator.
Step 1.2 dtIs 2 mm-4 mm.
Designing the bionic sawtooth shape of the outlet side of the current collector in the step 2 into a regular triangle, wherein the height of the sawtooth of the regular triangle is h, and the side length is t, and according to the geometric relation of the regular triangle, the calculation formula of h is shown as the following formula (4):
Figure BDA0001825797290000032
designing the bionic sawtooth shape of the outlet side of the current collector in the step 2 into a sine wave shape, wherein the amplitude of the sine wave shape is s/2, the wavelength is lambda, and the numerical value of s is h250 to 70 percent of the total weight of the composition.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the separation flow of an airfoil inlet at the upper cover plate of the impeller is improved by designing the geometric molded line of the part of the current collector inserted into the impeller to be consistent with the molded line at the corresponding height of the upper cover of the impeller of the centrifugal fan, the pneumatic efficiency of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is improved, then the sawtooth tail edge is taken as a bionic object, the sawtooth groove shape is designed on the outlet edge of the current collector, the noise caused by high-speed gap airflow between the current collector and the upper cover of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is reduced, and the noise reduction of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a geometrical shape of a rotation bus of a bionic current collector without a bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge on a meridian plane in a design method of the bionic current collector for a centrifugal fan impeller of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of bionic serrations formed in a method of designing a bionic current collector for a centrifugal fan impeller according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the bionic serration of the design method of the bionic current collector for the centrifugal fan impeller;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional geometric view of a biomimetic current collector obtained using a method of designing a biomimetic current collector for a centrifugal ventilator impeller in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 5 is an assembly view of the bionic current collector and the centrifugal fan impeller obtained by the method for designing the bionic current collector for the centrifugal fan impeller.
In the figure, 1 is a meridian plane inner flow channel of the centrifugal fan impeller, 2 is a meridian plane outer flow channel of the centrifugal fan impeller, 3 is a bionic sawtooth, 4 is a current collector, and 5 is the centrifugal fan impeller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a design method of a bionic current collector for a centrifugal fan impeller, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a current collector with an outlet edge without a bionic sawtooth groove shape; the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge is a revolving body, and as shown in figure 1, the shape of a bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' of the current collector needs to be designed and obtained on a meridian plane, namely an axial plane; the outer wall molded line ABCD of the bus of the current collector is divided into a straight line section AB, an arc section BC and an insertion section CD for design,
the specific process of step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1, firstly, determining the position of an A point;
the radial distance between the point A and the rotating shaft of the centrifugal fan impeller is D1The axial distance from the inlet face of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is h1According to D1And h1The position of the point A can be determined;
in step 1.1, D is determined by the following formulae (1) and (2)1And h1：
D1＝(1.1～1.4)Din(1)；
h1＝(0.3～0.35)Din(2)；
Wherein D isinIs the diameter of the inlet of the impeller of the centrifugal ventilator.
Step 1.2, determining the position of a C point;
the geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller matched with the current collector is known on the meridian plane, so that the flow channel geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller on the meridian plane is also known according to the radial clearance d between the inlet E point of the flow channel 1 in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller and the molded line of the outer wall surface of the current collectortThe position of the C point can be determined; step 1.2 dtIs 2 mm-4 mm. The distance between the meridian plane outer flow channel 2 of the centrifugal fan impeller and the meridian plane inner flow channel 1 of the centrifugal fan impeller represents the thickness of the meridian plane flow channel of the centrifugal fan impeller 5, and the intersection point of the meridian plane outer flow channel 2 of the centrifugal fan impeller and the meridian plane is the point E.
Step 1.3, determining the position of a D point, and designing an insertion section CD as a straight-line section;
the straight line segment CD is parallel to the tangential direction of the flow channel 1 molded line in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller at the point E, and the axial distance between the point C and the point D is h2，h2Value of 0.03DinAccording to the coordinate of the point C and the axial distance h2The coordinate position of the D point can be obtained by a geometric drawing method or a geometric solution method.
Step 1.4, drawing an arc segment BC on a meridian plane;
the radius R of the arc segment BC is obtained by solving a geometric calculation formula according to the following formula (3) by making a perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersect with a horizontal straight line of the point A on a meridian plane, wherein the perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersects with the horizontal straight line of the point A on the meridian plane, and the included angle between the straight line CF and the horizontal straight line of the point A is α:
Figure BDA0001825797290000061
step 1.5, after drawing the arc section BC, determining and finishing an outer wall surface molded line ABCD of a bus of the current collector on the meridian plane, then performing curve offset on the molded line ABCD towards the direction of a rotation center by using a curve offset function in geometric modeling software UG, wherein the offset distance is equal to the wall thickness of the current collector, the wall thickness can be determined according to a required processing technology and a required manufacturing material, obtaining an inner wall surface molded line A 'B' C 'D' of the bus of the current collector after the offset is finished, designing and finishing a current collector bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' without a bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge, and rotating the current collector bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' around a rotating shaft to obtain the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge. The arrow direction in fig. 1 is the air inlet direction of the centrifugal fan impeller 5.
Step 2, designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth 3 at the outlet side of the current collector;
as shown in fig. 2, for a small centrifugal fan with an outer diameter of the centrifugal fan impeller 5 being smaller than 300mm, considering the realizability of the processing technology, the bionic sawtooth shape of the outlet side of the current collector 4 in the step 2 is designed to be a regular triangle, the height of the sawtooth of the regular triangle is h, and the side length is t, and according to the geometric relationship of the regular triangle, the calculation formula of h is shown as the following formula (4):
Figure BDA0001825797290000062
the side length t of the regular triangle teeth can be obtained by dividing the circumferential length of the outlet side of the current collector 4 by the number of teeth N, and the number of teeth N can be 80-100 for a small centrifugal fan with the outer diameter of the centrifugal fan impeller 5 being less than 300 mm;
for the ventilator with the outer diameter of the centrifugal ventilator impeller 5 larger than 300mm, a regular-triangle bionic sawtooth shape or a sine sawtooth shape can be adopted. For a large ventilator with the outer diameter of the centrifugal ventilator impeller 5 larger than 300mm, the number N of teeth is 120-160.
As shown in FIG. 3, when the bionic zigzag shape at the outlet side of the current collector in step 2 is designed to be sine wave shape, the amplitude of the sine wave shape is s/2, the wavelength is λ, wherein the value of s is h250 to 70 percent of the total weight of the composition. The calculation formula of the wavelength lambda of the sine-shaped teeth can be obtained by dividing the circumferential length of the outlet edge of the current collector by the number of teeth N, wherein the number of teeth N is 120-160 for a large fan with the outer diameter of the centrifugal fan impeller 5 being larger than 300 mm.
And 3, processing the bionic sawtooth shape designed in the step 2 on the edge of the outlet of the current collector to obtain a bionic current collector 4, and referring to fig. 4. The assembly of the biomimetic current collector 4 and the centrifugal ventilator wheel 5 is shown in fig. 5.

Claims (5)

1. A design method of a bionic current collector for a centrifugal ventilator impeller is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a current collector with an outlet edge without a bionic sawtooth groove shape;
step 2, designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth at the outlet edge of the current collector;
step 3, processing the bionic sawtooth shape designed in the step 2 on the edge of an outlet of the current collector to obtain a bionic current collector;
dividing an outer wall molded line ABCD of a current collector bus into a straight line section AB, an arc section BC and an insertion section CD for design, wherein the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1, firstly, determining the position of an A point;
the radial distance between the point A and the rotating shaft of the centrifugal fan impeller is D1The axial distance from the inlet face of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is h1According to D1And h1The position of the point A can be determined;
step 1.2, determining the position of a C point;
the geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller matched with the current collector is known on the meridian plane, so that the flow channel geometry of the centrifugal fan impeller on the meridian plane is also known, and the radial clearance d between the flow channel inlet E point in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller and the molded line on the outer wall surface of the current collector is determined according to the radial clearance dtThe position of the C point can be determined;
step 1.3, determining the position of a D point, and designing an insertion section CD as a straight-line section;
the straight line segment CD is parallel to the tangential direction of the flow channel molded line in the meridian plane of the centrifugal fan impeller at the point E, and the axial distance between the point C and the point D is h2According to the coordinate of the point C and the distance h of the current collector inserted into the impeller of the centrifugal fan2The coordinate position of the point D can be obtained;
step 1.4, drawing an arc segment BC on a meridian plane;
the radius R of the arc segment BC is obtained by solving a geometric calculation formula according to the following formula (3) by making a perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersect with a horizontal straight line of the point A on a meridian plane, wherein the perpendicular line of the straight line segment CD intersects with the horizontal straight line of the point A on the meridian plane, and the included angle between the straight line CF and the horizontal straight line of the point A is α:
Figure FDA0002458180250000021
step 1.5, after drawing the arc section BC, determining and finishing an outer wall surface molded line ABCD of a bus of the current collector on the meridian plane, performing curve offset on the molded line ABCD towards the direction of a rotation center, wherein the offset distance is equal to the wall thickness of the current collector, obtaining an inner wall surface molded line A 'B' C 'D' of the bus of the current collector after the offset is finished, designing the bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' of the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge, and rotating the bus ABCDD 'C' B 'A' of the current collector around a rotation shaft to obtain the current collector without the bionic sawtooth groove-shaped outlet edge.
2. A method for detaching as in claim 1The design method of the bionic current collector of the heart-type ventilator impeller is characterized in that: in step 1.1, D is determined by the following formulas (1) and (2)1And h1：
D1＝(1.1～1.4)Din(1)；
h1＝(0.3～0.35)Din(2)；
Wherein D isinIs the diameter of the inlet of the impeller of the centrifugal ventilator.
3. The method of designing a biomimetic current collector for a centrifugal ventilator impeller according to claim 1, wherein: d in said step 1.2tIs 2 mm-4 mm.
4. The method of designing a biomimetic current collector for a centrifugal ventilator impeller according to claim 1, wherein: designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth at the outlet side of the current collector in the step 2 into a regular triangle, wherein the height of the sawtooth of the regular triangle is h, and the side length is t, and according to the geometric relationship of the regular triangle, the calculation formula of h is shown as the following formula (4):
Figure FDA0002458180250000031
5. the method of designing a biomimetic current collector for a centrifugal ventilator impeller according to claim 1, wherein: designing the shape of the bionic sawtooth at the outlet side of the current collector in the step 2 into a sine wave shape, wherein the amplitude of the sine wave shape is s/2, the wavelength is lambda, and the numerical value of s is h250 to 70 percent of the total weight of the composition.
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JP2010209823A (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-24 Panasonic Corp Centrifugal blower
CN201908869U (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-07-27 西安交通大学 Bionic impeller with stripe type bionic surfaces at trailing edges of blades for range hoods
CN202789746U (en) * 2012-07-16 2013-03-13 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 Guide ring and air conditioner with same
KR102199376B1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2021-01-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Centrifugal blower and air conditioner using the same
CN203560120U (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-04-23 上虞市当代风机风冷设备有限公司 Fan with large air volume
CN107989831B (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-21 重庆通用工业(集团)有限责任公司 Blower collector design method and blower

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