CN109593360B - Polyphenylene sulfide composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polyphenylene sulfide composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109593360B
CN109593360B CN201811351756.5A CN201811351756A CN109593360B CN 109593360 B CN109593360 B CN 109593360B CN 201811351756 A CN201811351756 A CN 201811351756A CN 109593360 B CN109593360 B CN 109593360B
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polyphenylene sulfide
molecular weight
low molecular
composite material
sulfide composite
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CN109593360A (en
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周玄全
谷志杰
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Suzhou Napo Advanced Material Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L81/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L81/02Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

Abstract

The invention relates to a polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

Description

Polyphenylene sulfide composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of modification of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a high-toughness flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polyphenylene sulfide is a thermoplastic crystalline polymer with excellent comprehensive performance, has good molding processability, chemical resistance, flame retardance, rigidity and modulus, high dimensional stability, excellent electrical performance, high fatigue strength, good creep resistance, easy molding, aging resistance, radiation resistance, no toxicity and the like. The composite material has wide application in the fields of electronics, electrics, automobiles, precision machinery, chemical engineering, household appliances, aviation, aerospace, national defense and the like, and has been developed into the sixth universal engineering plastic in the world in recent years.
The polyphenylene sulfide has excellent heat resistance, the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide exceeds 280 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide exceeds 260 ℃, the long-term use temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide is 220-240 ℃, the degradation of the polyphenylene sulfide in air at 700 ℃ still maintains 40% of the mass of the inert gas at 1000 ℃, the short-term heat resistance and the long-term continuous use heat stability of the polyphenylene sulfide are superior to those of all current engineering plastics, the flame retardance of the polyphenylene sulfide can reach U L94V-0 grade, the oxygen index (L OI) is more than 57%, and the polyphenylene sulfide has good flame-retardant property due to the chemical structure of the polyphenylene sulfide, so the polyphenylene sulfide can be used.
The molecular structure of the polyphenylene sulfide is that benzene rings are alternately connected with sulfur atoms at para positions, and molecular chains have high rigidity and regularity, so the polyphenylene sulfide is a crystalline polymer, and the highest degree of crystallinity can reach 70-80%. Therefore, the pure polyphenylene sulfide material has high rigidity but poor toughness, so that the application field of the pure polyphenylene sulfide material with high product toughness requirement is limited, and the toughening modification of the polyphenylene sulfide material is an important means for widening the application field of the material.
The invention discloses a high-toughness polyphenylene sulfide reinforced composite material and a preparation method thereof (CN 106243719A). The invention can inhibit the generation of carbide in the preparation process and improve the compatibility between used resins, and the polyphenylene sulfide composite material prepared by the invention has high impact strength, excellent strength and extensibility at a welding line and high formability.
The invention discloses a high-strength high-toughness polyphenylene sulfide reinforced composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein high-toughness nylon is adopted for alloying and toughening polyphenylene sulfide, two kinds of glass fibers with different monofilament diameters are compounded to be used as a reinforcing material, and styrene-maleic anhydride random copolymer is added to be used as a compatilizer for reinforcing the interface bonding strength of the high-toughness nylon and the glass fibers and a polyphenylene sulfide resin matrix, so that higher strength and toughness are obtained.
The patent (CN 105086452A) discloses a halogen-free flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the halogen-free flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material prepared by the invention not only has good impact toughness, but also well keeps the mechanical strength and the processing flow property of the material.
The polyphenylene sulfide material has good flame retardant property, so that a good flame retardant effect can be achieved only by adding a small amount of flame retardant, and the polyphenylene sulfide material has the characteristics of high rigidity, good dimensional stability, excellent chemical resistance, excellent electrical performance and the like, so that the polyphenylene sulfide material has a wide application prospect in the flame retardant material market. But the application range of the polyphenylene sulfide is limited by the defect of poor toughness of the polyphenylene sulfide, the impact resistance of the polyphenylene sulfide material can be further reduced by adding the flame retardant, the processing flow property of the polyphenylene sulfide material can be reduced to a certain extent by the traditional toughening means, and the molding of products with complicated structures or thinner wall thickness is not facilitated. Therefore, the market is in need of developing a polyphenylene sulfide material which has high flame retardant property, high toughness and high fluidity.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-toughness flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention adopts the compounding mode of the toughening agent and the oligomer plasticizer to improve the toughness of the polyphenylene sulfide material and the processing fluidity of the polyphenylene sulfide material, and simultaneously adds a small amount of flame retardant and anti-dripping agent to meet the flame retardant requirement of the polyphenylene sulfide material.
Means for solving the problems
The invention provides a polyphenylene sulfide composite material which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass
Comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0001865039970000021
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0001865039970000031
preferably, the polyphenylene sulfide resin is one or a combination of two of linear polyphenylene sulfide and cross-linked polyphenylene sulfide, wherein the melt mass flow rate of the linear polyphenylene sulfide is 100-400g/10 min; the mass flow rate of the crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide melt is 5-200g/10 min.
Preferably, the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is selected from one or more of polyester, polyolefin and polyether; preferably, the low molecular weight polyester is unsaturated polyester, the low molecular weight polyolefin is one or more of low molecular weight polypropylene, low molecular weight polyethylene or low molecular weight polystyrene, and the low molecular weight polyether is polyethylene glycol ether.
Preferably, the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer has a low isotactic structure, the isotacticity is 30-60%, the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is 1000-80000, and the molecular weight distribution is 1-10.
Preferably, the toughening agent is one or a combination of several of a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene ternary random copolymer, an ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate ternary random copolymer and a maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer.
Preferably, the flame retardant is melamine flame retardant, preferably one or a combination of melamine, melamine cyanurate and melamine phosphate.
Preferably, the anti-dripping agent is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing polyphenylene sulfide resin, a low molecular weight polymer plasticizer, a toughening agent, a flame retardant and an anti-dripping agent according to a mass ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is 1000-80000, the molecular weight distribution is 1-10, and the isotacticity is 30% -60%;
(2) and adding the obtained pre-mixture into an extruder, and cooling, solidifying and dicing the mixture extruded from the extruder to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material.
In addition, the invention also provides an article comprising the polyphenylene sulfide composite material, wherein the article is selected from a safety helmet visor, a coil skeleton or a button on safety protective clothing.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the invention, the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is added into the composite material, on one hand, because the random or syndiotactic molecular chain of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer enters the polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chain, the ordered arrangement of the molecular chain in the crystallization process of the polyphenylene sulfide is destroyed, and the crystallinity of the polyphenylene sulfide is reduced, so that the impact resistance of the polyphenylene sulfide is improved; on the other hand, the addition of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer weakens the acting force among polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chains, plays a plasticizing effect and improves the movement capacity of the polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chains, so that the fluidity of the polyphenylene sulfide is increased, namely the processing fluidity of the composite material can be improved while the impact resistance of the composite material is improved by adding the oligomer plasticizer into the composite material.
The low molecular weight polymer plasticizer and the toughening agent (thermoplastic elastomer) in the composite material are compounded, a flexible toughening agent toughening system can be formed after compounding, the oligomer plasticizer and the toughening agent have a synergistic effect, and the high-rigidity and high-brittleness resin matrix such as polyphenylene sulfide can be well toughened, so that the flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material can be toughened, the obtained composite material has high impact resistance and good processing flowability, and meanwhile, a small amount of flame retardant and anti-dripping agent are added, so that the flame-retardant requirement of the polyphenylene sulfide material can be met.
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material has excellent flame retardant property and good toughness and forming processability, and can be used for preparing products requiring good flame retardant property and high toughness and fluidity (the thickness of the product is thin) such as safety helmet peak, coil skeleton, button on safety protective clothing and the like.
Detailed Description
Firstly, the invention provides a high-toughness flame-retardant polyphenylene sulfide composite material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0001865039970000041
Figure BDA0001865039970000051
in a preferred embodiment, the following components are included in mass percent:
Figure BDA0001865039970000052
in a preferred embodiment, the polyphenylene sulfide resin is one or a combination of two of linear polyphenylene sulfide and crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide, wherein the melt mass flow rate of the linear polyphenylene sulfide is 100-; the melt mass flow rate of the crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide is 5-200g/10min, preferably 10-100g/10min, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide is 20000-40000, preferably 25000-30000.
In a preferred embodiment, the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 60 to 95% by mass, and more preferably 70 to 90% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment, the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is one or more of ester, olefin or ether low molecular weight polymers, and the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is 1000-; further, the ester or olefin or ether low molecular weight polymer is one or more of unsaturated polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyether and polystyrene, preferably one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene. On one hand, because the random or syndiotactic molecular chain of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer enters the polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chain, the ordered arrangement of the molecular chains in the crystallization process of the polyphenylene sulfide is destroyed, and the crystallinity of the polyphenylene sulfide is reduced, so that the impact resistance of the polyphenylene sulfide is improved; on the other hand, the addition of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer weakens the acting force among polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chains, plays a plasticizing effect, and improves the movement capacity of the polyphenylene sulfide macromolecular chains, thereby increasing the fluidity of the polyphenylene sulfide.
In a more preferred embodiment, the low molecular weight polymeric plasticizer is present in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 3 to 10% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, the toughening agent is a toughening agent conventional in the art, preferably one or more of methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (MBS), ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EMA), maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer (POE-g-MAH), and more preferably, the toughening agent is ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EMA). The molecular weight range of the toughening agent is 1000-100000, the toughening agent belongs to a thermoplastic elastomer and mainly comprises a plastic phase and a rubber phase, wherein the plastic phase mainly plays a role of being compatible with a polymer matrix, and the rubber phase plays a role of absorbing and buffering external impact force. The flexibilizer and the oligomer plasticizer are compounded to form a flexible flexibilizer toughening system, and the flexibilizer toughening system and the oligomer plasticizer have a synergistic effect and have a good toughening effect on resin matrixes with strong rigidity and high brittleness such as polyphenylene sulfide.
In a more preferred embodiment, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned toughening agent is 1 to 15%, preferably 2 to 10%, more preferably 5 to 10%.
In a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant is a flame retardant conventional in the art, preferably a melamine derivative, more preferably one or more of melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and the like, most preferably the flame retardant is Melamine Cyanurate (MCA) and the molecular weight range of the flame retardant is 100-.
In a more preferred embodiment, the mass percentage of the flame retardant is 2 to 10%, preferably 3 to 8%.
In a preferred embodiment, the anti-dripping agent is an anti-dripping agent conventional in the art, preferably Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder, and the molecular weight of the anti-dripping agent ranges from 300 to 600 ten thousand.
In a more preferred embodiment, the anti-dripping agent is present in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by mass, preferably 0.2 to 0.8% by mass.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing polyphenylene sulfide resin, a low molecular weight polymer plasticizer, a toughening agent, a flame retardant and an anti-dripping agent according to a mass ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix;
(2) and adding the obtained pre-mixture into an extruder, and cooling, solidifying and dicing the mixture extruded from the extruder to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material.
In a preferred embodiment, the low molecular weight polymeric plasticizer has a weight average molecular weight of 1000-. The extruder is a double-screw extruder, the extruder is preheated in sections before the premix is added into the extruder, and a vacuum exhaust pump is started after the extrusion is stable.
Finally, the invention also provides a button on the brim of a safety helmet, a coil framework or a safety protective garment, which comprises any one of the polyphenylene sulfide composite materials.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyethylene used in the following examples and comparative examples was 40000-50000, the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polystyrene was 60000-70000, the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyglycol ether was 30000-40000, the EMA molecular weight was 6000-10000, the MBS molecular weight was 5000-7000, and the PTFE molecular weight was 400-500 ten thousand.
Example 1
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch 1
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 84.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polyethylene) 3
Toughening agent (EMA) 7
Flame retardant (MCA) 5
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Comparative example 1
A polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch two
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 87.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers -
Toughening agent (EMA) 7
Flame retardant (MCA) 5
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Example 2
A polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch III
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 84.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polystyrene) 3
Toughening agent (MBS) 6
Flame retardant (MCA) 6
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Example 3
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch four
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 86.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polystyrene) 1
Toughening agent (MBS) 6
Flame retardant (MCA) 6
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Example 4
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch five
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 79.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polystyrene) 8
Toughening agent (MBS) 6
Flame retardant (MCA) 6
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Comparative example 2
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch six
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 87.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polystyrene) -
Toughening agent (MBS) 6
Flame retardant (MCA) 6
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Example 5
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
watch seven
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 84.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (Low molecular weight polyethylene glycol ethers) 3
Toughening agent (EMA) 8
Flame retardant (MCA) 4
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
Comparative example 3
The polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
table eight
Components Weight (%)
Polyphenylene sulfide resin 87.5
Low molecular weight polymeric plasticizers (low molecular weight polyethylene) -
Toughening agent (EMA) 8
Flame retardant (MCA) 4
Anti-dripping agent (PTFE) 0.5
The composite materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were injection molded into test standard bars in standard sizes, wherein the notched impact strength test standard bar size: the length is 80mm, the width is 10mm, the thickness is 4mm, the residual width at the bottom of the gap is 8mm, and the radius at the bottom of the gap is 0.1 mm; fire rating test standard spline size: 125mm in length, 13mm in width and 1.6mm in thickness; melt flow rate test: a sample of particles. The correlation performance was tested with reference to the following criteria:
1. testing the notch impact strength according to the GB/T1043 standard;
2. the fire rating is tested according to ANSI/U L94 standard;
3. the melt flow rate was measured according to the GB/T3682 standard.
The test results of the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table nine:
watch nine
Figure BDA0001865039970000101
In summary, it can be seen from table nine that in comparison with comparative example 1, in comparison with comparative example 2, in comparison with comparative example 3, in example 5, the addition of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer in the presence of the toughening agent significantly improves the notched impact strength of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material, i.e., increases the toughness of the material, which indicates that the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer and the toughening agent generate a synergistic effect. In addition, the addition of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer also greatly improves the melt flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material, namely endows the material with good processing flow property.
The comparative examples 2 to 4 can find that the notch impact strength and the melt flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material are gradually increased along with the increase of the content of the low molecular weight polymer toughening agent under the premise that the proportion of other components is not changed, and the improvement range of the notch impact strength of the material is smaller by continuously adding the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer after the content of the oligomer plasticizer exceeds 3 percent, so that the polyphenylene sulfide composite material has a more ideal toughening effect when the content of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is 3 percent.
It can be seen from comparison of examples 1, 2 and 5 that the polyphenylene sulfide composite material corresponding to the same content of low molecular weight polyethylene as the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is better in both notched impact strength and melt flow property than the polyphenylene sulfide composite material corresponding to the low molecular weight polystyrene or the low molecular weight polyethylene glycol ether as the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002531253950000011
the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is selected from one or more of low molecular weight polyolefin, low molecular weight polystyrene and low molecular weight polyether, the toughening agent is one or more of a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene ternary random copolymer, an ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate ternary random copolymer and a maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, the flame retardant is a melamine flame retardant, the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular weight polymer plasticizer is 1000-80000, and the molecular weight distribution is 1-10.
2. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002531253950000012
3. the polyphenylene sulfide composite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyphenylene sulfide resin is one or a combination of linear polyphenylene sulfide and crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide, wherein the melt mass flow rate of linear polyphenylene sulfide is 100-400g/10 min; the mass flow rate of the crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide melt is 5-200g/10 min.
4. The polyphenylene sulfide composite of claim 1 or 2, wherein the low molecular weight polyolefin is one or more of low molecular weight polypropylene or low molecular weight polyethylene, and the low molecular weight polyether is one or more of polyethylene glycol ether, polypropylene glycol ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
5. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material of claim 4, wherein said low molecular weight polyolefin plasticizer has an isotacticity of 30-60%.
6. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the flame retardant is one or more of melamine, melamine cyanurate and melamine phosphate.
7. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the anti-dripping agent is polytetrafluoroethylene.
8. A method for preparing the polyphenylene sulfide composite material according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing polyphenylene sulfide resin, a low molecular weight polymer plasticizer, a toughening agent, a flame retardant and an anti-dripping agent according to a mass ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix;
(2) and adding the obtained pre-mixture into an extruder, and cooling, solidifying and dicing the mixture extruded from the extruder to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material.
9. An article characterized by: the polyphenylene sulfide composite of any of claims 1-7, comprising an article selected from a visor of a safety helmet, a coil armature, or a button on a safety protective garment.
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