CN109588242A - The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation - Google Patents
The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109588242A CN109588242A CN201910086016.1A CN201910086016A CN109588242A CN 109588242 A CN109588242 A CN 109588242A CN 201910086016 A CN201910086016 A CN 201910086016A CN 109588242 A CN109588242 A CN 109588242A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- soybean
- early rice
- rice
- cultural method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the breeding methods of plant crop rotation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation.The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, wherein using 1 year three season of plantation crop as a cycle, each period includes: that (1) is planting early rice the 3-4 month, and applies the first compound fertilizer；(2) after early rice is mature, early rice straw whole returning to the field by planting soybean after 15-35 days, and applies the second compound fertilizer；(3) after soybean mature, soybean stalk whole returning to the field, the green manuring after 10-35 days；(4) 10-20 days before next year plantation early rice, by green manure whole returning to the field.The cultural method has Reasonable Regulation And Control dose, increases rice yield, and improves the effect of utilization rate of fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding methods of plant crop rotation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation.
Background technique
As China's socio-economic development enters new normality, the constraint that agricultural is carried by resource restriction and environment more tends to become strong
Strong, the development pattern that agricultural production concentrates on quantity only is hard to carry on, the development model of modern ecological circular agriculture gradually by
To attention.As chemical fertilizer production and big country is used, the current chemical fertilizer application in China has excessive application, blindly applies, urgently
Fertilization mode need to be improved, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, reduces unreasonable investment.
The tillage method of rice field-upland field rotation at present has balanced soil nutrient, improves soil physico-chemical property and effectively prevent disease
The characteristics of insect pest, but in recent years, rice field-upland field rotation start present low yield not before, fertilizer utilization efficiency reduce and fertilising increase
Yield downward trend.
CN103766184A discloses a kind of double-ridged horn three-wheel cultural method, mainly includes with 1 year three season of plantation work
Object is a cycle, each period in accordance with the following steps: a, late March seedling early rice seed, mid or late April rotary tillage rice field, so
The early-rice seedlings that artificial throwing is planted afterwards or mechanical slotting seedling is good；B, mid or late June seedling late rice seed, July early and middle ten days mechanical harvest
Early rice, early rice stay low stake, and harvested total straw mulching and returning carries out stubble-cleaning weeding and soil conditioning, then no-tillage artificial
It throws cultivation or machinery inserts the good late rice rice shoot of seedling, paddy soil keeps moisture state；C, mechanical harvest mid-October late rice, late rice
Low stake is stayed, straw is collected from field, removes rice field centralized processing；D, in step c 7-10 days before late rice harvest, no-tillage and direct-seeding
Winter crops, winter crops harvest April next year, and the stalk of winter crops is turned over returning to the field by rotary tillage after harvest.
This method provides a kind of double cropping of rice-winter crops three-wheel cultivation methods, although it is by crop rotation method one
Determine in degree improve soil physicochemical property, but its nutrient application need to be improved, and its only early-rice seedlings harvesting after,
By straw-returning, it is more that late rice gathers in remaining stalk.But the emphasis of straw-returning is also concentrated mainly on straw-returning at present
Amount lacks simple and effective utilization method to the yield of single cropping crop and the influence of soil fertility, is typically only capable to use and burn
Capable processing is burnt into, not only waste of resource but also has polluted environment.
CN104381068A discloses a kind of South Rice Region of China crop rotation implantation methods, this method comprises: 1) First Year four is below the moon
The first tenday period of a month in ten days to May carry out plot to turn over leveling, and summer nonirrigated farmland industrial crops are then planted on the plot turned over；2)
The middle ten days and the last ten days in September, 1 carries out plot to turn over leveling, and winter nonirrigated farmland grain and oil crop is then planted on the plot turned over；3)
Second year mid-April to mid-April carries out plot to turn over leveling, is then broadcast live or transplants water on the plot turned over
Rice；4) winter green manure crop is sowed second year late September to late October；5) crop rotation that step 1-4 carries out next round is repeated
Plantation.But the crop rotation Period Process is longer, soil fertilizer ability is poor.
Rice and soybean are important cereal crops, and rice beans crop rotation is a kind of important cropping pattern, main in China
It is distributed in the Yangtze river basin.But rice beans crop rotation method still have fertilizer application unreasonable, crop yield decline, Yi Jizuo at present
The problem of stalk of object cannot be utilized rationally.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome, of the existing technology fertilizer application is unreasonable, makees produce in rice beans crop rotation
The problem of amount declines, and the stalk of crop cannot be utilized rationally provides a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, cultural method tool
There is Reasonable Regulation And Control dose, increase rice yield, and improves the effect of utilization rate of fertilizer.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provided a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, wherein with 1 year three season of plantation
Crop is a cycle, and each period includes:
(1) it is planting early rice the 3-4 month, and is applying the first compound fertilizer；
(2) after early rice is mature, early rice straw whole returning to the field, by planting soybean after 15-35 days, and it is compound to apply second
Fertilizer；
(3) after soybean mature, soybean stalk whole returning to the field, the green manuring after 10-35 days；
(4) 10-20 days before next year plantation early rice, by the green manure whole returning to the field.
Rice beans alternating method in the present invention is mainly early rice-soybean-green manure crop rotation, and cooperation is multiple in this process
The use in Hefei and the fertilization mode of early rice, soybean and green manure whole returning to the field, realize the rational application of fertilizer, effectively improve fertilizer utilization
Rate improves crop yield and quality, improves the fertilizer and water conservation capacity of soil, and straw-returning can also promote bacterium in soil,
The breeding of the functional microbials such as fungi and actinomyces, effectively increases its quantity, promotes the decomposition and mineral of soil with organic matter
The conversion of element, and promote absorption and utilization of the crop to organic matter and mineral element.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, wherein using 1 year three season of plantation crop as a cycle, often
A period includes:
(1) it is planting early rice the 3-4 month, and is applying the first compound fertilizer；
(2) after early rice is mature, early rice straw whole returning to the field, by planting soybean after 15-35 days, and it is compound to apply second
Fertilizer；
(3) after soybean mature, soybean stalk whole returning to the field, the green manuring after 10-35 days；
(4) 10-20 days before next year plantation early rice, by the green manure whole returning to the field.
In the present invention, mainly crop is cultivated using early rice-soybean-green manure crop rotation method, rationally utilizes soil
Resource.Early rice is first planted, and applies the first compound fertilizer, provides suitable growing environment for early rice.Using all after early rice is mature
Returning to the field mode handles early rice straw, and early rice straw is as organic fertilizer and cooperates the second compound fertilizer as the fertilizer of soybean for training
Educate soybean.After soybean mature by the way of whole returning to the field processed soybeans stalk, green manuring again, balances land fertility later,
And before next year plants early rice, by green manure whole returning to the field.In the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the returning to the field mode of green manure,
It is preferred that by the way of directly turning over returning to the field.In entire crop cycle, applied by the way of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer cooperation
Fertilizer, and three of the above shift of crops is selected, the yield of crop can either be improved, additionally it is possible to efficiently use fertilizer, improve soil and protect
Fertile ability.
To further increase utilization rate of fertilizer, organic fertilizer and the first compound fertilizer are used cooperatively, and improve crop yield, preferably
Ground in step (1), applies the first compound fertilizer when planting early rice, the dosage of first compound fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer 16-20g/m2, phosphorus
Fertile 3-5g/m2, potash fertilizer 8-10g/m2.It is highly preferred that the dosage of first compound fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer 17-19g/m2, phosphate fertilizer 3.5-
4.5g/m2, potash fertilizer 8.5-9.5g/m2。
According to the present invention, the first compound fertilizer is the main compound fertilizer including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer exists
Existence form in first compound fertilizer can be with urea, NH4At least one of Cl, ammonium nitrate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate form is deposited
Existence form of the phosphate fertilizer in the first compound fertilizer can be with P2O5, at least one of calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate shape
Formula exists, and the phosphate fertilizer in embodiment is with P2O5Meter, existence form of the potash fertilizer in the first compound fertilizer can be K2O、KCl、K2SO4With
KNO3At least one of form exist, the potash fertilizer in embodiment is with K2O meter.Each component in the present invention in the first compound fertilizer
Content within the above range, cooperates with the green manure in soil, provides suitable fertilizer for early rice, improves early rice yield and matter
Amount, and suitable organic fertilizer is provided for the growth of soybean.
For the utilization rate for further increasing the first compound fertilizer, enhance the fiting effect of the first compound fertilizer and green manure, it is preferable that
The potash fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 60-70% and 60-70% is as base manure, the nitrogenous fertilizer and 30- of 30-40% in first compound fertilizer
40% potash fertilizer is as top dressing；The base manure applies before early rice is planted, and the top dressing was applied at early rice growth 0.5-1.5 months
Add.
According to the present invention, the form that first compound fertilizer is cooperated using base manure and top dressing improves the early rice rational application of fertilizer
Absorption of the early rice to fertilizer increases early rice yield and quality.
To further increase organic fertilizer utilization rate, the yield and quality of soybean is improved, it is preferable that in step (2), plantation is big
Apply the second compound fertilizer when beans, the dosage of second compound fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer 2-5g/m2, phosphate fertilizer 8-10g/m2, potash fertilizer 3-6g/m2。
It is highly preferred that the dosage of second compound fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer 2.5-3.5g/m2, phosphate fertilizer 8.5-9.5g/m2, potash fertilizer 4-5g/m2。
According to the present invention, the second compound fertilizer is the main compound fertilizer including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer
Similar with its existence form in the first compound fertilizer in the existence form in the second compound fertilizer with potash fertilizer, details are not described herein again.
According to the present invention, the second compound fertilizer works in coordination according to said components, while the organic fertilizer formed with early rice straw
Cooperation can further promote absorption of the soybean to fertilizer, improve soybean yields and quality.
To further increase utilization rate of fertilizer, soybean yields is improved, it is preferable that phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in second compound fertilizer
Nitrogenous fertilizer with 40-60% is as base manure, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 40-60% is as top dressing；The base manure applies before soybean planting, described to chase after
Fertilizer applied at soybean growth 0.5-1.5 months.
According to the present invention, the second compound fertilizer applies fertilizer to soybean using base manure and the form of top dressing, can effectively improve
Utilization rate of fertilizer, and crop yield and quality can be effectively improved.
To further increase utilization rate of fertilizer, and the fertilizer-preserving ability in soil is improved, early rice-soybean-green manure is promoted to hold
Continuous farming, it is preferable that in step (3), the application rate of green manure is 0.7-5g/m2；It is highly preferred that the application rate of green manure is 0.8-
4g/m2。
According to the present invention, during crop rotation, after soybean mature, soybean stalk is matched as organic fertilizer whole returning to the field
Green manuring is closed, adjusts soil fertilizer-preserving ability, and provide suitable organic fertilizer for the crop rotation of next year, in order to the organic fertilizer and again
Hefei cooperation, provides suitable fertilizer for plant growth.
Green manure of the present invention refers to green manure crop, it is preferable that the green manure is in Chinese milk vetch, rye grass and rape
At least one.Wherein the application rate of Chinese milk vetch is 3-5g/m2, rye grass application rate be 0.7-1.0g/m2, rape sowing
Amount is 1-2g/m2；Preferably, the application rate of Chinese milk vetch is 3.5-4.5g/m2, rye grass application rate be 0.8-0.9g/m2, oil
The application rate of dish is 1.3-1.7g/m2。
Further rationally to utilize fertilizer, soil fertilizer-preserving ability is improved, it is preferable that do not apply fertilizer during green manuring
Material.
According to the present invention, in early rice-soybean-green manuring rotation mode, in addition when Green manuring, does not apply fertilizer, rationally benefit
With fertilizer, and land used, combination of increasing soil fertility, improve soil fertilizer ability.
In order to further increase utilization rate of the early rice straw as organic fertilizer, it is preferable that early rice straw is also in step (2)
The mode in field includes: early rice straw to be cut into the length of 1-3cm, and use and turn over mode returning to the field.
According to the present invention, after early rice is mature, early rice straw turns over returning to the field as organic fertilizer, early rice returning straw into field
Mode can be early rice straw sheared to form segment after, mixed with soil.
In order to further increase utilization rate of the soybean stalk as organic fertilizer, it is preferable that soybean stalk is also in step (3)
The mode in field includes: soybean stalk to be cut into the length of 1-3cm, and use and turn over mode returning to the field.
According to the present invention, after soybean mature, soybean stalk turns over returning to the field as organic fertilizer, and soybean stalk turns over returning to the field
Mode, which can be, to be sheared soybean stalk to form segment, is mixed again with soil later.
To further increase soil fertilizer-preserving ability, and improve the production of early rice and soybean in early rice-soybean-green manuring rotation mode
Amount and quality, it is preferable that the application rate of early rice is 3-5g/m2, the application rate of soybean is 6-9g/m2。
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for providing a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, and the cultural method is with early rice-soybean-green manure for one
A period of crop-rotation, each period specifically include:
(1) it pours water in soil mid-April and plants early rice (early 39 in the early rice selection in the present embodiment), planting density
For 4g/m2, and apply the first compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 18g/m in first compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 3.75g/
m2, potash fertilizer 9g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer, 70 weight % in the first compound fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of 70 weight % are as base
Fertilizer is added in soil before planting early rice, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 30 weight % of residue and the potash fertilizer of 30 weight % are as top dressing, in early rice
Apply after growth 1 month.
(2) just early rice is mature for August, and remaining early rice straw is cut into the stalk section that length is 2cm, and by stalk section
It is turned over soil and mixes simultaneously all returning to the field processing.Plantation soybean (soybean selects fresh No. 5 of thoroughfare in the present embodiment), plantation after 15 days
Density is 7.5g/m2, and apply the second compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 3g/m in second compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 9g/
m2, potash fertilizer 4.5g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer in the second compound fertilizer, whole potash fertilizer and 50 weight % is as base manure,
It is added in soil before planting soybean, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 50 weight % of residue applies after soybean grows 1 month as top dressing.
Soybean mature at the beginning of (3) 11 months, and remaining soybean stalk is cut into the stalk section that length is 2cm, and by stalk
Section is turned over soil mixes simultaneously all returning to the field processing.Green manuring (green manure in the present embodiment selects Chinese milk vetch) after 15 days,
Application rate is 3.75g/m2, it is not necessarily to apply fertilizer during green manuring.
(4) 15 days before next year plantation early rice, green manure is all ploughed under to returning to the field in soil.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is for providing a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, and the cultural method is with early rice-soybean-green manure for one
A period of crop-rotation, each period specifically include:
(1) late March pours water in soil and plants early rice (early 39 in the early rice selection in the present embodiment), planting density
For 5g/m2, and apply the first compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 17g/m in first compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 4.5g/m2、
Potash fertilizer is 8.5g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer, 60 weight % in the first compound fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of 60 weight % are as base
Fertilizer is added in soil before planting early rice, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 40 weight % of residue and the potash fertilizer of 40 weight % are as top dressing, in early rice
Grow two weeks application later.
(2) just early rice is mature for August, and remaining early rice straw is cut into the stalk section that length is 1cm, and by stalk section
It is mixed with soil and all returning to the field is handled.Plantation soybean (soybean selects fresh No. 5 of thoroughfare in the present embodiment), planting density after 25 days
For 6g/m2, and apply the second compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 2.5g/m in second compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 9.5g/
m2, potash fertilizer 5g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer in the second compound fertilizer, whole potash fertilizer and 40 weight % is as base manure,
It is added in soil before planting soybean, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 60 weight % of residue applies after soybean grows two weeks as top dressing.
Soybean mature at the beginning of (3) 11 months, and remaining soybean stalk is cut into the stalk section that length is 3cm, and by stalk
Section is turned over soil mixes simultaneously all returning to the field processing.Green manuring (green manure in the present embodiment selects Chinese milk vetch) after 35 days,
Application rate is 3.5g/m2, it is not necessarily to apply fertilizer during green manuring.
(4) 20 days before next year plantation early rice, green manure is all ploughed under to returning to the field in soil.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is for providing a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, and the cultural method is with early rice-soybean-green manure for one
A period of crop-rotation, each period specifically include:
(1) it pours water in soil mid-April and plants early rice (early 39 in the early rice selection in the present embodiment), planting density
For 3g/m2, and apply the first compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 19g/m in first compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 3.5g/m2、
Potash fertilizer is 9.5g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer, 65 weight % in the first compound fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of 65 weight % are as base
Fertilizer is added in soil before planting early rice, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 35 weight % of residue and the potash fertilizer of 35 weight % are as top dressing, in early rice
Apply after growth 1.5 months.
(2) just early rice is mature for August, and remaining early rice straw is cut into the stalk section that length is 3cm, and by stalk section
It is turned over soil and mixes simultaneously all returning to the field processing.Plantation soybean (soybean selects fresh No. 5 of thoroughfare in the present embodiment), plantation after 20 days
Density is 6g/m2, and apply the second compound fertilizer in soil.The dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 3.5g/m in second compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer be
8.5g/m2, potash fertilizer 4g/m2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer, whole potash fertilizer and 60 weight % in the second compound fertilizer is as base
Fertilizer is added in soil before planting soybean, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 40 weight % of residue is as top dressing, after soybean grows 1.5 months
Apply.
Soybean mature at the beginning of (3) 11 months, and remaining soybean stalk is cut into the stalk section that length is 2cm, and by stalk
Section is mixed with soil and all returning to the field processing.Green manuring (green manure in the present embodiment selects Chinese milk vetch), sowing after 20 days
Amount is 4.5g/m2, it is not necessarily to apply fertilizer during green manuring.
(4) 10 days before next year plantation early rice, green manure is all ploughed under to returning to the field in soil.
Embodiment 4
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
In step (1), the dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 8g/m in the first compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 1g/m2, potash fertilizer 2g/m2。
Embodiment 5
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
In step (1), the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer, 40 weight % in the first compound fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of 40 weight % are as base
Fertilizer is added in soil before planting early rice, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 60 weight % of residue and the potash fertilizer of 60 weight % are as top dressing, in early rice
Apply after growth 1 month.
Embodiment 6
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
In step (2), the dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 1g/m in the second compound fertilizer2, phosphate fertilizer 3g/m2, potash fertilizer 2g/m2。
Embodiment 7
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
In step (2), the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole phosphate fertilizer in the second compound fertilizer, whole potash fertilizer and 30 weight % as base manure,
It is added in soil before planting soybean, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 70 weight % of residue applies after soybean grows 1.5 months as top dressing.
Comparative example 1
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
Step does not apply the first compound fertilizer in (1).
Comparative example 2
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
Step does not apply the second compound fertilizer in (2).
Comparative example 3
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
Do not apply the first compound fertilizer in step (1), and does not apply the second compound fertilizer in step (2).
Comparative example 4
According to the method for embodiment 1, difference is:
In step (3), no longer green manuring is cultivated using early rice-soybean-winter slack crop rotation method.I.e. soybean at
After ripe, soybean stalk whole returning to the field waits until always that next year plants early rice again later.
Test case
1, field trial, 1 test are carried out in the experimental plot of 4m*4m using the method for the above various embodiments and comparative example
The corresponding method for carrying out 1 embodiment and comparative example of cell simultaneously sets 3 repetitions, and the early rice and soybean to harvest carry out determination of yield
And it being scaled per mu yield, while measuring early rice mass of 1000 kernel and soybean 100-grain weight, test result is as shown in table 1.
2, early rice is measured respectively and the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen of topsoil soils when soybean planting and when harvest, available phosphorus, available potassium, is had
Machine matter content, the soil weight and pH value.Wherein, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method；Available phosphorus 0.5mol/L NaHCO3Extraction-
Molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method；Available potassium NH4AC extracts flame spectrometry；Soil organism measurement uses potassium dichromate oxidation-capacity
Method；The measurement of the soil weight uses core cutter method；PH value potentiometry.Concrete operation method edits " soil agricultural referring to Lu Rukun
Chemical analysis method ".Soil background values identical (the available nitrogen 120.66mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 9.2mg/ respectively tested before early rice plantation
Kg, available potassium 136.67mg/kg, pH value 6.63, organic matter 1.96%, bulk density 1.26), soil items physics and chemistry refers to after early rice harvests
Mark as shown in table 2, after soybean harvest soil items physical and chemical index as shown in table 3, green manure turn over after soil items physical and chemical index
As shown in table 4.
3, separated and counted using dilution-plate method, test after early rice harvest respectively bacterium in soil, fungi and
The quantity of the microorganisms such as actinomyces is as shown in table 5, after soybean harvest in soil the microorganisms such as bacterium, fungi and actinomyces number
As shown in table 6, the quantity that green manure turns over the microorganisms such as bacterium, fungi and actinomyces in rear soil is as shown in table 7 for amount.
Table 1
It can be seen that by the result of table 1 and carry out early rice-soybean-green manure crop rotation using the present processes, and in morning
Cooperation applies certain compound fertilizer during the plantation of rice and soybean, can effectively improve the yield and quality of early rice and soybean.
Table 2
| Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Available potassium | Organic matter | The soil weight | PH value | |
| Embodiment 1 | 135 | 11.5 | 170 | 2.92 | 1.40 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 2 | 131 | 10.5 | 168 | 2.31 | 1.35 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 124 | 10.4 | 166 | 2.14 | 1.34 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 121 | 9.7 | 147 | 1.98 | 1.33 | 7.0 |
| Embodiment 5 | 117 | 9.4 | 146 | 1.88 | 1.31 | 7.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 115 | 9.3 | 140 | 1.85 | 1.30 | 7.0 |
| Embodiment 7 | 112 | 9.0 | 138 | 1.82 | 1.28 | 7.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 110 | 8.9 | 135 | 1.76 | 1.26 | 6.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 108 | 8.8 | 133 | 1.74 | 1.25 | 6.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 103 | 8.7 | 131 | 1.67 | 1.24 | 6.8 |
| Comparative example 4 | 97 | 6.9 | 124 | 1.59 | 1.22 | 6.7 |
Table 3
| Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Available potassium | Organic matter | The soil weight | PH value | |
| Embodiment 1 | 139 | 12.1 | 175 | 2.98 | 1.46 | 7.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 133 | 11.3 | 172 | 2.53 | 1.39 | 7.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 128 | 10.9 | 170 | 2.25 | 1.36 | 7.2 |
| Embodiment 4 | 125 | 10.3 | 168 | 2.12 | 1.35 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 5 | 122 | 10.1 | 165 | 1.97 | 1.33 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 6 | 119 | 9.9 | 161 | 1.93 | 1.32 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 7 | 113 | 9.5 | 154 | 1.90 | 1.30 | 7.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 111 | 9.2 | 148 | 1.85 | 1.28 | 7.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 109 | 9.0 | 145 | 1.81 | 1.27 | 7.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 106 | 8.9 | 143 | 1.79 | 1.26 | 6.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 101 | 7.2 | 130 | 1.63 | 1.23 | 6.8 |
Table 4
It can be seen that by the result of table 2-4 using early rice of the present invention-soybean-green manure crop rotation method, can be improved straw
The utilization rate of stalk and the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil, land used are increased soil fertility combination, and the sustainable service life of soil is extended.
Table 5
| Bacterium (106CFU/g) | Fungi (103CFU/g) | Actinomyces (103CFU/g) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 7.5 | 3.5 | 7.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.3 | 3.2 | 7.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.2 | 3.1 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 5.9 |
| Embodiment 5 | 6.2 | 2.6 | 5.7 |
| Embodiment 6 | 6.1 | 2.5 | 5.6 |
| Embodiment 7 | 6.0 | 2.3 | 5.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 4.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.6 | 2.0 | 4.7 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.4 | 1.8 | 4.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 4.5 | 1.2 | 3.7 |
Table 6
| Bacterium (106CFU/g) | Fungi (103CFU/g) | Actinomyces (103CFU/g) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 7.9 | 3.8 | 7.7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.6 | 3.6 | 7.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.5 | 3.5 | 7.4 |
| Embodiment 4 | 6.8 | 3.1 | 6.2 |
| Embodiment 5 | 6.5 | 3.0 | 6.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 6.3 | 2.8 | 5.9 |
| Embodiment 7 | 6.2 | 2.7 | 5.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.9 | 2.5 | 5.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.7 | 2.4 | 5.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.6 | 2.2 | 5.0 |
| Comparative example 4 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 3.9 |
Table 7
| Bacterium (106CFU/g) | Fungi (103CFU/g) | Actinomyces (103CFU/g) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.5 | 4.5 | 8.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 8.3 | 4.3 | 8.1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 8.2 | 4.0 | 8.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 7.5 | 3.7 | 6.6 |
| Embodiment 5 | 7.3 | 3.6 | 6.4 |
| Embodiment 6 | 7.2 | 3.4 | 6.3 |
| Embodiment 7 | 7.0 | 3.3 | 6.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.4 | 2.9 | 5.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6.2 | 2.7 | 5.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 6.1 | 2.6 | 5.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 5.2 | 1.9 | 4.2 |
By the data of table 5- table 7 it is found that carrying out early rice-soybean-green manuring rotation using method of the invention, cooperation is rationally applied
Fertilizer, and cooperate straw-returning during early rice and soybean planting, additionally it is possible to effectively improve bacterium in soil, fungi and actinomyces etc.
The quantity of microorganism improves soil physico-chemical property, promotes the raising of the yield and quality of early rice and soybean.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method of rice beans crop rotation, wherein using 1 year three season of plantation crop as a cycle, each period includes:
(1) it is planting early rice the 3-4 month, and is applying the first compound fertilizer；
(2) after early rice is mature, early rice straw whole returning to the field by planting soybean after 15-35 days, and applies the second compound fertilizer；
(3) after soybean mature, soybean stalk whole returning to the field, the green manuring after 10-35 days；
(4) 10-20 days before next year plantation early rice, by the green manure whole returning to the field.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the dosage of first compound fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer
16-20g/m2, phosphate fertilizer 3-5g/m2, potash fertilizer 8-10g/m2。
3. cultural method according to claim 2, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer, 60-70 weight % in first compound fertilizer
Potash fertilizer with 60-70 weight % is as base manure, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of 30-40 weight % and the potash fertilizer of 30-40 weight % are as top dressing；It is described
Base manure applies before early rice is planted, and the top dressing applied at early rice growth 0.5-1.5 months.
4. cultural method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), second compound fertilizer
Dosage is nitrogenous fertilizer 2-5g/m2, phosphate fertilizer 8-10g/m2, potash fertilizer 3-6g/m2；
Preferably, in second compound fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and 40-60 weight % as base manure, 40-60 weight %'s
Nitrogenous fertilizer is as top dressing；The base manure applies before soybean planting, and the top dressing applied at soybean growth 0.5-1.5 months.
5. cultural method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the application rate of green manure is
0.7-5g/m2。
6. cultural method according to claim 5, wherein the green manure in Chinese milk vetch, rye grass and rape extremely
Few one kind.
7. cultural method according to claim 5, wherein do not apply fertilizer during green manuring.
8. cultural method according to claim 1, wherein the mode of early rice straw-returning includes: by early rice in step (2)
Stalk is cut into the length of 1-3cm, and uses and turn over mode returning to the field.
9. cultural method according to claim 1, wherein the mode of soybean stalk returning to the field includes: by soybean in step (3)
Stalk is cut into the length of 1-3cm, and uses and turn over mode returning to the field.
10. cultural method according to claim 1, wherein the application rate of early rice is 3-5g/m2, the application rate of soybean is 6-
9g/m2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910086016.1A CN109588242A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910086016.1A CN109588242A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109588242A true CN109588242A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
Family
ID=65966681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910086016.1A Pending CN109588242A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109588242A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296026A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-19 | 长江大学 | Special base fertilizer for rice under straw returning and fertilizing method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104381068A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 江西省润邦农业开发集团有限公司 | Crop rotation method for southern rice areas |
| CN104782379A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-22 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simplified cultivation method for planting autumn soybeans by means of autumn vacant field |
| CN107094558A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method that use rye grass improves double cropping of rice yield with straw-returning section fertilizer |
| CN108260486A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-10 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods of rice field rice field-upland field rotation |
| CN109122141A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of rice makees method |
-
2019
- 2019-01-29 CN CN201910086016.1A patent/CN109588242A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104381068A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 江西省润邦农业开发集团有限公司 | Crop rotation method for southern rice areas |
| CN104782379A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-22 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simplified cultivation method for planting autumn soybeans by means of autumn vacant field |
| CN107094558A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method that use rye grass improves double cropping of rice yield with straw-returning section fertilizer |
| CN108260486A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-10 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods of rice field rice field-upland field rotation |
| CN109122141A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of rice makees method |
Non-Patent Citations (13)
| Title |
|---|
| 张明理: "闽南地区早稻―菜用大豆―青花菜一年三熟循环耕作模式", 《中国蔬菜》 * |
| 曾希柏，杨青: "不同施肥配比对早稻病害及产量的影响 ", 《土壤通报》 * |
| 曾希柏: "潴育性水稻土有机无机氮肥配比对土壤养分平衡的影响 ", 《土壤通报》 * |
| 欧阳顺根等: "江西省婺源县土壤改良措施探析 ", 《园艺与种苗》 * |
| 王国华等: "低丘红壤改造利用的研究和实践 ", 《中国水土保持》 * |
| 田平先: "浅析水稻节本增效关键技术 ", 《科技资讯》 * |
| 白由路等: "《测土配方施肥原理与实践 基于高效土壤养分测试技术》", 30 September 2007, 中国农业出版社 * |
| 罗小军等: "施肥建议卡制定方法及效果评价――以邵东县为例 ", 《湖南农业科学》 * |
| 蒋春明: "芷江县杂交早稻最佳施肥量探究", 《南方农业》 * |
| 谢春玲: "南陵县水稻绿色高产高效集成栽培技术 ", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 赵朝森等: "江西省"禾根豆"生产现状及发展潜力与对策", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
| 邓铁金: "江西红壤利用与改良 ", 《土壤》 * |
| 陈镜任: "柳江县旱区水稻旱直播栽培技术探讨 ", 《广西农学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296026A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-19 | 长江大学 | Special base fertilizer for rice under straw returning and fertilizing method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Gathala et al. | Conservation agriculture based tillage and crop establishment options can maintain farmers’ yields and increase profits in South Asia's rice–maize systems: Evidence from Bangladesh | |
| CN103766184B (en) | A kind of double-ridged horn three-wheel cultivation method | |
| CN101699961B (en) | Integrated fertilization method under condition of NPKS of double-cropping crops of wheat and corn | |
| CN104322252B (en) | Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System high-yield culturing fertilizing method | |
| CN107047020A (en) | A kind of high yield Alfalfa planting technology | |
| CN104472058A (en) | Method for increasing alfalfa seed yield | |
| CN108782075A (en) | A kind of wheat, Corn Rotation System period Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy green fertilizing method | |
| CN110063228A (en) | A method of crop in cruciferae is used as wheat field green manure | |
| CN104429544A (en) | Intercropping method of autumn-winter vegetables, spring peas and summer soybeans | |
| CN109588242A (en) | The cultural method of rice beans crop rotation | |
| CN109548448A (en) | Newly-ploughed salt-soda soil fertilizer application method | |
| CN108934845A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of oat | |
| CN107711360A (en) | The implantation methods of organic high-yield corn | |
| Rao et al. | Effect of organic manure, biofertilizer, phosphorus and nitrogen on growth, seed yield, seed quality attributes of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) | |
| Bhuyan et al. | Increasing yield and agronomic efficiency of boro rice (Oryza sativa) by fertigation with bed planting compared with conventional planting | |
| Lauringson et al. | Large-leaved lupin (Lupinus polyhyllus Lind.) and early red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) as green manure grops | |
| CN112374936A (en) | Rice-duck symbiotic composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| Antosovsky et al. | Effect of localities and organic fertilizers on yield in conditions of organic farming. | |
| CN105850615A (en) | Rice planting method | |
| Ugale | Effect of different organic inputs with jeevamrut on yield, quality and soil properties in soybean-wheat cropping sequence | |
| Horvatić et al. | Influence of intercropping maize with climbing bean and fertilization with clinoptilolite on forage yield and quality. | |
| CN114885785B (en) | Novel rotation fertilization management method for corn and soybean in high-altitude area | |
| Bhatnagar et al. | Optimization of nitrogen dose and application schedule for winter maize (Zea mays L.) in North-West plain of India | |
| Dona et al. | Assessing the tolerance and response of pulse crops to seed-row placed fertilizer blends and composite products containing nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur | |
| Shende et al. | Effect of fertilizer levels, spacing on yield and nutrient uptake of paddy (Oryza sativa L.) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190409 |