CN109548563A - A kind of needle mushroom high yield formula and breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of needle mushroom high yield formula and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/62—Racks; Trays
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
- A01G18/68—Cultivation bottles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of needle mushroom high yield formula and breeding methods, the present invention uses carrot, radish, Chinese yam, as breeding culture medium, Cultivar culture medium, cultivation matrix, corncob, fresh orange-juice, bean powder, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pomace, wormwood, hawthorn adding raw materials, to guarantee that needle mushroom is enriched blood, blood clotting is reduced, new effect of calculus is dissolved in moistening lung, it can also ensure that the special color of needle mushroom, color is pure white, glittering and translucent, flawless white performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to needle mushroom Cultivating techniques field more particularly to a kind of needle mushroom high yield formulas and breeding method.
Background technique
Needle mushroom scientific name hair handle money bacterium, also known as hair handle small fire mushroom, plain mushroom, dried mushroom, plain wild rice, freeze bacterium, golden mushroom, intelligence at structure bacterium
Power mushroom etc..Because its stem is elongated, like day lily, therefore claims needle mushroom, belong to Agaricales Tricholomataceae needle gold mushroom category, be a kind of bacterium algae lichens
Class.Needle mushroom has very high medicinal dietary function.
Needle mushroom is both a kind of ticbit and preferable health food, and the domestic and international market of needle mushroom is increasingly wide.
Needle mushroom artificial cultivation technique is simultaneously uncomplicated, as long as can control environmental condition, is easy for obtaining reliable and stable yield.According to survey
Fixed, the content of needle mushroom amino acid is very rich, is higher than general mushroom class, reaches in every 100g fresh mushroom containing total amino acid content
20.9mg, wherein 8 kinds of essential amino acids account for the 42.29~51.17% of total amount, isoleucine and content of glutamic acid highest,
Arginine and lysine content are higher in essential amino acid, and the arginine of high level can prevent and treat hepatitis, stomach and intestine feedback disease
Etc. disease of digestive systems, lysine can promote upgrowth and development of children, enhancing memory improves intelligence.Contain egg in needle mushroom dry product
White matter 8.87%, carbohydrate 60.2%, crude fibre are often edible to prevent and treat canker up to 7.4%.But it is normal using this field
Under the premise of rule culture medium, conventional culture methods are cultivated, the content of above-mentioned nutritional ingredient is difficult to increase again.
Meanwhile needle mushroom has aqueous height, tissue tender and crisp, easily causes to damage in harvesting and transporting procedures, causes to become
Color, it is rotten or rotten the features such as.Needle mushroom post harvest transport major physiological Biochemical changes include Tissue Browning, cell wall protein and
Polysaccharide degradation, fructification aging etc., these variations have seriously affected needle mushroom quality.Shorten the main original of needle mushroom shelf life
Because including enzymatic browning and fungus-caused mildew.Cause three kinds of key enzyme polyphenol oxidase PPO, peroxidase of brown stain
POD, cat catalase are distributed in needle mushroom tissue in compartmentalization: the enzymatic activity of cap is minimum, stem top enzymatic activity slightly
Height, middle part is higher, active lower is most strong.Therefore, in storage, the brown stain of needle mushroom is by stem lower part, gradually to
Vertical spread.In the case where no any fresh-keeping measure, the needle mushroom after cleaning will soon cover with white under preference temperature
Fungal hyphae.In 5~10 DEG C of refrigerated shelf, shelf life is also no more than 3~4 days.In face of this problem, art technology
Personnel are fresh-keeping such as the anti-corrosion with sodium pyrosulfite color protection and potassium sorbate usually using traditional needle mushroom, though there is preferable effect
Fruit, but to human health toxic side effect and carcinogenesis.In addition such as VC is used for color protection and Restrain browning, and effect is poor, unstable
It is fixed.Therefore, how to extend the shelf life of needle mushroom, Restrain browning is always insoluble technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of needle mushroom high yield formula and breeding methods, to overcome the prior art
Technological deficiency.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of needle mushroom high yield formula, and pedigree seed culture medium includes: by weight
Carrot meal 10-15, carrot powder 2-5, chilli powder 1-3, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, dried small shrimp 2-4,30-50 parts of lignin,
20-40 parts of pectin, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate,
1-1.5 parts of magnesium chloride, trehalose 20-28,35-47 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of fresh orange-juice, 10-15 parts of bean powder, 8-10 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae,
Pomace part 5-8, wormwood part 5-8,4-7 parts by weight hawthorn are crushed to 28 mesh, and lime 12-18 is mixed evenly to form mixture,
And matrix is concentrated to get after the water immersion of 1.5-2 times of weight is added into mixture.
Further, the carrot meal is ground to 10-50 mesh, and the chilli powder is ground to 10-50 mesh.
Further, the mushroom powder is ground to 10-50 mesh.
Further, the matrix made is packed into bacterium bottle, the matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle will uniformly, surrounding
Tight, Weight control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium it is bottled it is good after, bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put into equipment
At 100 DEG C constant temperature sterilize 12-18h, after sterilizing bacterium bottle move into inoculated and cultured room in, to bacterium bottle temperature drop to 28 DEG C with
Under, beat 10-15 inoculation hole on each bacterium bottle, the depth of inoculation hole is 2-3cm, aperture 1.5-2cm, aseptically
Needle mushroom strain is placed in inoculation hole.
Further, the bacterium case that goes out is controlled according to following temperature control modes:
Wherein, the first temperature section:
In formula, T1Indicate the real time temperature of the first temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, second temperature section:
In formula, T2Indicate the real time temperature of second temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, third temperature section:
In formula, T3Indicate the real time temperature of third temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg；
Wherein, the 4th temperature section:
In formula, T4Indicate the real time temperature of the 4th temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix.
The present invention also provides a kind of breeding methods of needle mushroom high yield, comprising:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains at 23-28 DEG C
Golden mushroom plantation kind, wherein
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, pectin
20-40 parts, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, sucrose 10-
20 parts and water 100-120 parts, 35-47 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of fresh orange-juice；
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C, wherein
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 10-30, carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4,
Chilli powder 1-3,20-40 parts of pectin, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, bean powder 10-15
Part, 8-10 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, pomace part 5-8, wormwood part 5-8,4-7 parts of hawthorn；
In above-mentioned steps c, several lateral first supports are set in greenhouse, are arranged in second below first support
Laterally spaced cultivation bacterium bottle is respectively set in bracket in first support and second support, is provided in the lower part for cultivating bacterium bottle
Water tank, medicine-chest and nutrient case, wherein tap water is set in water tank, paichongding and benzene that concentration is 0.3% are set in medicine-chest
The mass ratio of ketone medical fluid, paichongding and Benzophenone is 2:1, be arranged in the nutrient case pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
The concentration of calcium carbonate be 0.5% aqueous solution, wherein pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate weight ratio be 2:1:
1:1；
The matrix made is packed into bacterium bottle, the matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle will uniformly, surrounding tight,
Weight control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium it is bottled it is good after, bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put into equipment at 100 DEG C
Constant temperature sterilizing 12-18h, the bacterium bottle after sterilizing move into inoculated and cultured room, drop to 28 DEG C or less to bacterium bottle temperature；
The bacterium case that goes out is controlled according to following temperature control modes:
Wherein, the first temperature section:
In formula, T1Indicate the real time temperature of the first temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, second temperature section:
In formula, T2Indicate the real time temperature of second temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, third temperature section:
In formula, T3Indicate the real time temperature of third temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg；
Wherein, the 4th temperature section:
In formula, T4Indicate the real time temperature of the 4th temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
When transfusion bottle is completed, by downward, auricle growth phase, opens the first valve by 9 points of every morning at bacterium bottle inoculation mouth
By water pipe to each bacterium bottle sprinkling 0.5g water, daily 12 noon opens the second valve and passes through drug liquid tube to each bacterium bottle sprinkling
0.3g medical fluid, 3 points of every afternoon open third valve by nutrient pipe and spray 0.3g medical fluid to each bacterium bottle；
Harvesting, sunning: step d works as auricle.
Further, in above-mentioned steps a, after obtaining wet carrot, intercept, it is 1-2kg that every section, which weighs weight, at every section
The liquid mixture 0.1-0.2kg that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, trehalose are injected in bark, after carrot dissection is ground, into
Row grinds and dries into powder.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are, the present invention to use carrot, radish, Chinese yam compared with prior art, as educating
Kind culture medium, Cultivar culture medium, the adding raw materials of cultivation matrix subtract blood clotting, the new function of moistening lung to guarantee needle mushroom
Effect, also, have unique anticancer activity, dietary fiber content higher, using rich in vegetable protein, vitamin C and folic acid, shallow lake
The carrot of powder carbohydrase, protein, micro-element etc., radish, Chinese yam combination culture medium guarantee the exclusive reduction blood of needle mushroom
Condensation, moistening lung, neutralizing calculus, clearing lung-heat QI invigorating, reducing blood lipid, the special efficacy for dropping plasma cholesterol.On the other hand, by using containing
Carrot, radish, Chinese yam and the mushroom powder of phytochrome can guarantee the special color of needle mushroom, and color is pure white, sparkling and crystal-clear
Exquisitely carved, flawless white performance.
The present invention uses specific time sequence, daily, applies moisture content to needle mushroom first, noon is when temperature is optimum
It carves, is easiest to breed insect pest moment application medical fluid, avoids impacting Growth of Flammulina Velutipes, needle mushroom is added immediately in the afternoon
Nutrient eliminates the influence that medical fluid grows needle mushroom itself.
In particular, since culture medium of the invention includes corncob, fresh orange-juice, bean powder, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pomace multi cellulose ingredient
And the blending constituent of various plants, in order to reduce as far as possible during heating, to the chemical dilution of each ingredient, the present invention
In initial heat-up stage, heated using the rule of incremental exponential function, when to be heated to 0.9 times of constant temperature of temperature,
The chemical property of each ingredient is maintained, and then continues to heat up using the more slow SIN function that heats up, each component portion
Fusion later, is toggled by temperature about 100 degree until be warming up to temperature constant state, liquid component constantly liquefying and
Switch between vaporization, so that liquid component plays good cohesive action；After continuing for some time, between each ingredient sufficiently
After fusion, then by exponential function slow cooling, until normal temperature state.In this process, it is not only able to sterilize, and is sterilizing
Irradiation light and ultraviolet light in case etc. can also merge each ingredient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that needle mushroom high yield of the present invention cultivates equipment；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for cultivating bacterium bottle of needle mushroom high yield of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
Pedigree seed culture medium includes: carrot meal 10-15, carrot powder 2-5, chilli powder 1-3, yam flour 3-5, perfume (or spice) by weight
Mushroom powder 2-4, dried small shrimp 2-4,30-50 parts of lignin, 20-40 parts of pectin, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
1-1.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-1.5 parts of magnesium chloride, trehalose 20-28,35-47 parts of corncob, fresh orange-juice
10-15 parts, 10-15 parts of bean powder, 8-10 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, pomace part 5-8, wormwood part 5-8,4-7 parts by weight hawthorn be crushed to 28 mesh, stone
Grey 12-18 is mixed evenly to form mixture, and is concentrated to get after the water immersion of 1.5-2 times of weight is added into mixture
Matrix.
Wherein, the carrot meal is ground to 10-50 mesh, and the chilli powder is ground to 10-50 mesh, the mushroom powder grinding
To 10-50 mesh.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, pectin
20-40 parts, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, sucrose 10-
20 parts and water 100-120 parts.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 10-30, carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4,
Chilli powder 1-3,20-40 parts of pectin, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate and water 200-
300 parts.
The breeding method of the present embodiment needle mushroom high yield, comprising:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and the matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle is equal
It is even, surrounding tight, Weight control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium it is bottled it is good after, bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put
Enter in equipment the constant temperature at 100 DEG C to sterilize 12-18h, the bacterium bottle after sterilizing moves into inoculated and cultured room, drops to bacterium bottle temperature
28 DEG C hereinafter, beating 10-15 inoculation hole on each bacterium bottle, the depth of inoculation hole is 2-3cm, aperture 1.5-2cm, sterile
Under the conditions of will Needle mushroom strain be placed in inoculation hole in；Constant temperature incubation 15-28 days at 23-28 DEG C, obtains golden mushroom plantation kind.
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C.
Culture bottle carries out sterilizing and fusion treatment, the bacterium case that goes out are controlled according to following temperature control modes:
Wherein, the first temperature section:
In formula, T1Indicate the real time temperature of the first temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, second temperature section:
In formula, T2Indicate the real time temperature of second temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, third temperature section:
In formula, T3Indicate the real time temperature of third temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg；
Wherein, the 4th temperature section:
In formula, T4Indicate the real time temperature of the 4th temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates every
The average quality of a bacterium bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix.
The present embodiment is using the culture medium raw material based on carrot, in every 100 grams of carrots, containing about 0.6 gram of protein, and rouge
0.3 gram of fat, 7.6-8.3 grams of carbohydrate, 0.6 milligram of iron, 1.35-17.28 milligrams of provitamin A, vitamin B1 0.02-0.04 milli
Gram, 0.04-0.05 milligrams of vitamin B2,12 milligrams of vitamin C, 150.7 kilojoule of heat, separately containing pectin, starch, inorganic salts and
A variety of amino acid.
The present embodiment is in production, and after obtaining wet carrot, intercept, it is 1-2kg that every section, which weighs weight, in every section of bark
The middle liquid mixture 0.1-0.2kg for injecting potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, trehalose is ground after grinding carrot dissection
It grinds and dries into powder.The present embodiment uses carrot powder, yam flour, contains a large amount of vegetable protein, vitamin C and leaf in radish
Acid, contained by Chinese yam can diastatic diastase, the same grind into powder of the two, and being sufficiently mixed.The present embodiment
Using carrot, radish, Chinese yam, as breeding culture medium, Cultivar culture medium, the adding raw materials of cultivation matrix, with guarantee fund
Needle mushroom is enriched blood, and blood clotting is reduced, and new effect of calculus is dissolved in moistening lung, and needle mushroom is different from black needle mushroom and other strains, tool
Have unique anticancer activity, dietary fiber content higher, to the gastrointestinal peristalsis of eater, digest and assimilate have it is preferable help and
Facilitation, using carrot, the trailing plants for being rich in vegetable protein, vitamin C and folic acid, diastase, protein, micro-element etc.
Foretell, Chinese yam combination culture medium, guarantee the exclusive reduction blood clotting of needle mushroom, moistening lung, neutralizing calculus, clearing lung-heat QI invigorating, reducing blood lipid,
The special efficacy of plasma cholesterol drops.On the other hand, by using carrot, radish, Chinese yam and mushroom containing phytochrome
Powder can guarantee the special color of needle mushroom, and color is pure white, glittering and translucent, flawless white performance.
As shown in fig.1, its schematic diagram for cultivating equipment for needle mushroom high yield of the present invention；The present embodiment uses transfusion bottle side
Formula cultivates needle mushroom, and cultivating equipment includes greenhouse, and several lateral first supports 21 of setting, are arranged in first support 21 in greenhouse
Laterally spaced cultivation bacterium bottle 1 is respectively set in the second support 22 of lower section in first support and second support.Cultivating bacterium bottle
1 lower part is provided with water tank 31, medicine-chest 32 and nutrient case 33, wherein tap water is arranged in water tank 31, is arranged in medicine-chest 32
The mass ratio of the paichongding and Benzophenone medical fluid that concentration is 0.3%, paichongding and Benzophenone is 2:1, removes cultivating process to kill
In winged insect, insect etc.；In the nutrient case 33 be arranged pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate concentration be 0.5%
Aqueous solution, wherein pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate weight ratio be 2:1:1:1, it is feeding to supplement in real time
Point.
As shown in fig.2, its structural schematic diagram for cultivating bacterium bottle for needle mushroom high yield of the present invention, in each cultivation bacterium
Water pipe 41, drug liquid tube 42, nutrient pipe 43 is respectively set on bottle 1, is injected in bacterium bottle 1 or to auricle growth phase to cultivating respectively
Needle mushroom spray liquid.First valve 51 is set on water pipe 41, the second valve 52 is set on drug liquid tube 42, on nutrient pipe 43
Third valve 53 is set, to automatically control or the on-off of each pipeline of manual control.
In above-mentioned steps c, golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix, and is hung to bracket
On, constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at 23-28 DEG C, wherein transfusion bottle complete when, by bacterium bottle inoculation mouth at downward, auricle growth step
Section, opens the first valve by water pipe to each bacterium bottle sprinkling 0.5g water, daily 12 noon opens second by 9 points of every morning
Valve, to each bacterium bottle sprinkling 0.3g medical fluid, is opened third valve and passes through nutrient pipe 42 to each bacterium 3 points of every afternoon by drug liquid tube
Bottle sprinkling 0.3g medical fluid.In configuration process, according to Growth of Flammulina Velutipes situation, the application of three kinds of liquid is suitably increased or decreased
Amount.Meanwhile during produce agaric, guarantee in entire greenhouse without direct sunlight.
Harvesting, sunning: step d works as auricle.
Specifically, the present invention uses specific time sequence, daily, moisture content applied to needle mushroom first, noon temperature most
At the time of being suitable for, it is easiest to breed insect pest moment application medical fluid, avoids impacting Growth of Flammulina Velutipes, in the afternoon immediately to gold
Needle mushroom adds nutrient, eliminates the influence that medical fluid grows needle mushroom itself.
Embodiment 1
Control group is not provided with carrot, radish, Chinese yam combination in the present embodiment, meanwhile, plantation condition is identical.
In the present embodiment, carrot meal 10, carrot powder 2, chilli powder 1, yam flour 3, mushroom powder 2, dried small shrimp 2, lignin 30
Part, pectin 20, peptone 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1, calcium carbonate 1, zinc sulfate 0.1, magnesium chloride 1, trehalose 20 and 35 weights
Measure part corncob, 40 parts by weight fresh orange-juices, 10 parts by weight bean powderes, 8 weight Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 5 parts by weight Garbo pomaces, 5 parts by weight wormwoods,
1.5 times of parts by weight of 4 parts by weight hawthorn and water.
Cultivating process:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains at 23-28 DEG C
Golden mushroom plantation kind, wherein
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C, during transfusion bottle, as procedure described above water filling, injecting medical liquid and note nutrient.
In control group, pedigree seed culture medium includes: chilli powder 1, mushroom powder 2, dried small shrimp 2, lignin 30, pectin by weight
20, peptone 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1, calcium carbonate 1, zinc sulfate 0.1, magnesium chloride 1, trehalose 20 and water 1000-1200.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: mushroom powder 2, pectin 20, peptone 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1, carbon
Sour calcium 1, zinc sulfate 0.1, sucrose 10 and water 100.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 10, mushroom powder 2, chilli powder 1, pectin 20, peptone 10, phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen 0.1, calcium carbonate 1 and water 200.
Cultivating process is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
Control group is not provided with carrot, radish, Chinese yam combination in the present embodiment, meanwhile, plantation condition is identical.
In the present embodiment, pedigree seed culture medium include: by weight carrot meal 15, carrot powder 5, chilli powder 3, yam flour 5,
Mushroom powder 4, dried small shrimp 4, lignin 50, pectin 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 1.5, zinc sulfate 0.5, chlorination
Magnesium 1.5,28,47 parts by weight Corn core of trehalose, 50 parts by weight fresh orange-juices, 15 parts by weight bean powderes, 10 weight Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 8 parts by weight
Garbo pomace, 8 parts by weight wormwoods, 7 parts by weight hawthorn and 1.2 times of water.
Wherein, the carrot meal is ground to 10-50 mesh, and the chilli powder is ground to 10-50 mesh, the mushroom powder grinding
To 10-50 mesh.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, pectin 40, peptone
20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5, zinc sulfate 0.5, sucrose 20 and water 120.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 30, carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, chilli powder 3, fruit
Glue 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5 and water 300.
Cultivating process:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains at 23-28 DEG C
Golden mushroom plantation kind, wherein
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C, during transfusion bottle, as procedure described above water filling, injecting medical liquid and note nutrient.
In control group, pedigree seed culture medium includes: chilli powder 3, mushroom powder 4, dried small shrimp 4, lignin 50, pectin by weight
40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 1.5, zinc sulfate 0.5, magnesium chloride 1.5, trehalose 28 and water 1200.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: mushroom powder 4, pectin 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, carbon
Sour calcium 5, zinc sulfate 0.5, sucrose 20 and water 120.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 30, mushroom powder 4, chilli powder 3, pectin 40, peptone 20, phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen 0.5, calcium carbonate 5 and water 300.
Cultivating process is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Control group is identical as the formula of embodiment in the present embodiment, but during plantation, does not apply medical fluid.
In the present embodiment, pedigree seed culture medium include: by weight carrot meal 15, carrot powder 5, chilli powder 3, yam flour 5,
Mushroom powder 4, dried small shrimp 4, lignin 50, pectin 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 1.5, zinc sulfate 0.5, chlorination
Magnesium 1.5, trehalose 28,40 parts by weight Corn cores, 45 parts by weight fresh orange-juices, 13 parts by weight bean powderes, 9 weight Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 6 parts by weight are good
1.2 times of precious pomace, 6 parts by weight wormwoods, 5 parts by weight hawthorn and water parts by weight.
Wherein, the carrot meal is ground to 10-50 mesh, and the chilli powder is ground to 10-50 mesh, the mushroom powder grinding
To 10-50 mesh.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, pectin 40, peptone
20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5, zinc sulfate 0.5, sucrose 20 and water 120.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 30, carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, chilli powder 3, fruit
Glue 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5 and water 300.
Cultivating process:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains at 23-28 DEG C
Golden mushroom plantation kind, wherein
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C, during transfusion bottle, as procedure described above water filling, injecting medical liquid and note nutrient.
Control group is identical as above-mentioned formula, but in step c, is only injected into water, nutrient.
Embodiment 4
Control group is identical as the formula of embodiment in the present embodiment, but during plantation, does not apply nutrient.
In the present embodiment, pedigree seed culture medium include: by weight carrot meal 15, carrot powder 5, chilli powder 3, yam flour 5,
Mushroom powder 4, dried small shrimp 4, lignin 50, pectin 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 1.5, zinc sulfate 0.5, chlorination
Magnesium 1.5, trehalose 28,35 parts by weight Corn cores, 50 parts by weight fresh orange-juices, 15 parts by weight bean powderes, 8 weight Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 8 parts by weight are good
Precious pomace, 1.2 parts by weight of 5 parts by weight wormwoods, 7 parts by weight hawthorn and water.
Wherein, the carrot meal is ground to 10-50 mesh, and the chilli powder is ground to 10-50 mesh, the mushroom powder grinding
To 10-50 mesh.
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, pectin 40, peptone
20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5, zinc sulfate 0.5, sucrose 20 and water 120.
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 30, carrot meal 15, yam flour 5, mushroom powder 4, chilli powder 3, fruit
Glue 40, peptone 20, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 5 and water 300.
Cultivating process:
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, and constant temperature incubation 8-10 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom original seed；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains at 23-28 DEG C
Golden mushroom plantation kind, wherein
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, 23-28
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days at DEG C, during transfusion bottle, as procedure described above water filling, injecting medical liquid and note nutrient.
Control group is identical as above-mentioned formula, but in step c, is only injected into water, medical fluid.
Each embodiment of table 1 and control group strain output condition
As it can be seen from table 1 embodiment 1 is cultivated with embodiment 2 according to formula provided by the invention and breeding method,
Entirety is glittering and translucent, color is pure white, nothing bites trace, no matter whole from the special character of needle mushroom, yield, produce agaric time, produce agaric
Qi Du all has clear superiority, output increased 15-20%, and needle mushroom character is excellent.In 3 control group of embodiment, in cultivating process
In do not carry out desinsection, surface layer interval bites trace, and color is generally white, and surface is without light tone, it is seen then that influences the property of entire needle mushroom
Shape, also, yield substantially reduces；In 3 control group of embodiment, nutrient supplement is not carried out in cultivating process, color is more gloomy, table
Face is substantially reduced without light tone, yield, it is seen that is supplemented nutrient in real time in cultivating process, can be greatly improved the yield of needle mushroom.
So far, preferred embodiment shown in having been combined describes technical solution of the present invention, still, art technology
Personnel are it is easily understood that protection scope of the present invention is expressly not limited to these specific embodiments.Without departing from the present invention
Principle under the premise of, those skilled in the art can make equivalent change or replacement to the relevant technologies feature, these change
Or the technical solution after replacement will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of needle mushroom high yield formula, which is characterized in that pedigree seed culture medium includes: carrot meal 10-15, trailing plants by weight
Foretell powder 2-5, chilli powder 1-3, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, dried small shrimp 2-4,30-50 parts of lignin, 20-40 parts of pectin, albumen
10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-1.5 parts of magnesium chloride, sea
Algae sugar 20-28,35-47 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of fresh orange-juice, 10-15 parts of bean powder, 8-10 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5-8 parts of pomace, wormwood 5-
8 parts, 4-7 parts by weight hawthorn be crushed to 28 mesh, 12-18 parts of lime, be mixed evenly to form mixture, and into mixture plus
Matrix is concentrated to get after entering the water immersion of 1.5-2 times of weight.
2. needle mushroom high yield formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the carrot meal is ground to 10-50
Mesh, the chilli powder are ground to 10-50 mesh.
3. needle mushroom high yield formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mushroom powder is ground to 10-50 mesh.
4. needle mushroom high yield formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matrix made is packed into bacterium bottle,
Matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle will uniformly, surrounding tight, Weight control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium it is bottled it is good after,
Bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put into equipment the constant temperature sterilizing 12-18h at 100 DEG C, and the bacterium bottle after sterilizing moves into
In inoculated and cultured room, drop to 28 DEG C hereinafter, beating 10-15 inoculation hole, the depth of inoculation hole on each bacterium bottle to bacterium bottle temperature
Degree is 2-3cm, aperture 1.5-2cm, and aseptically Needle mushroom strain is placed in inoculation hole.
5. needle mushroom high yield formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sterilization tank is according to following temperature controls
Mode processed is controlled:
Wherein, the first temperature section:
In formula, T1Indicate the real time temperature of the first temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, second temperature section:
In formula, T2Indicate the real time temperature of second temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, third temperature section:
In formula, T3Indicate the real time temperature of third temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg；
Wherein, the 4th temperature section:
In formula, T4Indicate the real time temperature of the 4th temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix.
6. a kind of breeding method of needle mushroom high yield characterized by comprising
Step a, Needle mushroom strain is inoculated in pedigree seed culture medium, constant temperature incubation 8-10 days at 23-28 DEG C, obtains needle mushroom original
Kind；
Needle mushroom original seed is inoculated in Cultivar culture medium by step b, and constant temperature incubation 15-28 days, obtains acupuncture needle at 23-28 DEG C
Mushroom cultivar, wherein
Cultivar culture medium ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, pectin 20-40
Part, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 10-20 parts of sucrose,
35-47 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of fresh orange-juice；
Golden mushroom plantation kind is inoculated in the culture bottle equipped with cultivation matrix by step c, and is hung to bracket, at 23-28 DEG C
Constant temperature incubation 35-45 days, wherein
Cultivation matrix ingredient is according to parts by weight are as follows: wheat bran 10-30, carrot meal 10-15, yam flour 3-5, mushroom powder 2-4, capsicum
Powder 1-3,20-40 parts of pectin, 10-20 parts of peptone, 0.1-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of bean powder,
8-10 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, pomace part 5-8, wormwood part 5-8,4-7 parts of hawthorn；
In above-mentioned steps c, several lateral first supports are set in greenhouse, are arranged in second below first support
Laterally spaced cultivation bacterium bottle is respectively set in frame in first support and second support, and the lower part for cultivating bacterium bottle is provided with water
Case, medicine-chest and nutrient case, wherein tap water is set in water tank, paichongding and benzene first that concentration is 0.3% are set in medicine-chest
The mass ratio of ketone medical fluid, paichongding and Benzophenone is 2:1, and pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbon is arranged in the nutrient case
The concentration of sour calcium be 0.5% aqueous solution, wherein pectin, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate weight ratio be 2:1:1:
1；
Matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle will uniformly, and surrounding tight, for Weight control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium is bottled
After good, bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put into equipment constant temperature sterilizing 12-18h, the bacterium after sterilizing at 100 DEG C
Bottle moves into inoculated and cultured room, drops to 28 DEG C hereinafter, beat 10-15 inoculation hole on each bacterium bottle to bacterium bottle temperature, inoculation
The depth in hole is 2-3cm, aperture 1.5-2cm, and aseptically Needle mushroom strain is placed in inoculation hole；
The matrix made is packed into bacterium bottle, the matrix during bottling in each bacterium bottle will uniformly, surrounding tight, weight
Control in 1.6-2.0Kg, bacterium it is bottled it is good after, bottleneck and its surrounding are cleaned out, sealing is put into equipment the constant temperature at 100 DEG C
Sterilize 12-18h, and the bacterium bottle after sterilizing moves into inoculated and cultured room, drops to 28 DEG C or less to bacterium bottle temperature；
The bacterium case that goes out is controlled according to following temperature control modes:
Wherein, the first temperature section:
In formula, T1Indicate the real time temperature of the first temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, second temperature section:
In formula, T2Indicate the real time temperature of second temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
Wherein, third temperature section:
In formula, T3Indicate the real time temperature of third temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg；
Wherein, the 4th temperature section:
In formula, T4Indicate the real time temperature of the 4th temperature, T0It indicates to refer to constant temperature value, thermostat temperature is 100 DEG C, and m indicates each bacterium
The average quality of bottle, m0The standard quality for indicating bacterium bottle, is 1.8kg, and c indicates the specific heat of matrix；
When transfusion bottle is completed, by downward, auricle growth phase, is opened the first valve and passed through by 9 points of every morning at bacterium bottle inoculation mouth
Water pipe opens the second valve and passes through drug liquid tube to each bacterium bottle sprinkling 0.3g to each bacterium bottle sprinkling 0.5g water, daily 12 noon
Medical fluid, 3 points of every afternoon open third valve by nutrient pipe and spray 0.3g medical fluid to each bacterium bottle；
Harvesting, sunning: step d works as auricle.
7. the breeding method of needle mushroom high yield according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in above-mentioned steps a, obtaining
After wet carrot, intercept, it is 1-2kg that every section, which weighs weight, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, trehalose are injected in every section of bark
Liquid mixture 0.1-0.2kg, by carrot dissection grind after, ground and dry into powder.
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| CN110226459A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-13 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of cultural method of cicada fungus conidia powder |
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