CN109548522B - Full-automatic field plate laying device and plate laying method thereof - Google Patents
Full-automatic field plate laying device and plate laying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548522B CN109548522B CN201910008446.1A CN201910008446A CN109548522B CN 109548522 B CN109548522 B CN 109548522B CN 201910008446 A CN201910008446 A CN 201910008446A CN 109548522 B CN109548522 B CN 109548522B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005571 horizontal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/088—Handling or transferring pots
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic field plate laying device and a plate laying method thereof. The existing tray laying equipment can complete the seedling raising tray laying operation, but the position of the upper tray needs to be changed continuously along with the progress of the tray laying. The invention relates to a full-automatic field paving disc device which comprises a seedling raising disc output device and n film covering and paving disc devices. The film covering and laying device comprises a film laying and winding assembly and a film collecting and winding assembly. The seedling raising tray output device comprises a horizontal tray conveying mechanism, a rail changing tray conveying mechanism and a supporting frame. The horizontal disc conveying mechanism comprises a horizontal disc conveying motor, a first transmission shaft and a single-side horizontal disc conveying assembly. The rail-changing disc conveying mechanism comprises a rail-changing assembly and a tilting disc conveying assembly. The rail changing assembly comprises a traveling motor, a power traveling frame, a shovel plate block and an S-shaped conveyor. The invention drives the seedling raising tray through the film, and simultaneously realizes the work of film covering and tray laying, so that the position of the tray laying mechanism does not need to be changed, the function of fixed-point tray laying is realized, and the labor of workers is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic tray laying of seedling raising trays, and particularly relates to a full-automatic field tray laying device and a tray laying method thereof.
Background
With the mechanized development of agricultural production in China, automatic production lines are mostly adopted for rice seedling raising, so that the seedling quality is improved. The soil covering, sowing and soil covering are finished in the seedling raising tray through an automatic seedling raising assembly line. Then putting the seedlings in a dark room for centralized heat preservation and moisture preservation, and sprouting. After seedlings emerge regularly in a darkroom, the seedlings are manually transported to a seedling hardening greenhouse or a seedling bed for secondary seedling raising, the labor intensity is high in the process, the requirement on labor force is high, and a mechanical device is urgently needed to replace manpower to complete tray laying work.
Although the existing tray paving equipment can complete seedling raising tray paving operation, the position of the upper tray needs to be continuously changed along with the tray paving operation, fixed-point tray paving work cannot be realized, the labor of workers is greatly increased, and the requirements of high-efficiency and high-quality comprehensive operation of modern agriculture are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-automatic field plate paving device and a plate paving method thereof.
The invention relates to a full-automatic field plate paving device which comprises a seedling raising plate output device and n film covering plate paving devices, wherein n is less than or equal to 10. The n film covering and disc paving devices are arranged in sequence. The film covering and laying device comprises a film laying and winding assembly and a film collecting and winding assembly. The disc spreading and lifting assembly comprises a disc spreading winding drum, a rope, a film drawing plate, a disc spreading base and a disc spreading driving assembly. The paving drum is supported on the paving base and driven by the paving driving assembly. One ends of the ropes are fixed with the outer side surface of the coiling drum, and the other ends of the ropes are fixed with the film drawing plate. The film winding winch component comprises a film winding motor, a film winding drum, a strip-shaped wire mesh, a strip-shaped film and a film winding base. The film roll is supported on the film collecting base and driven by the film collecting driving assembly. One end of the strip-shaped wire netting is fixed with the side surface of the film winding drum, and the other end of the strip-shaped wire netting is fixed with the bottom of the film pulling plate. The strip-shaped wire netting is wound on the film winding drum. The strip-shaped iron wire net is provided with a strip-shaped film.
The seedling raising tray output device comprises a horizontal tray conveying mechanism, a rail changing tray conveying mechanism and a supporting frame. The horizontal disc conveying mechanism comprises a horizontal disc conveying motor, a first transmission shaft and a unilateral horizontal disc conveying assembly. The unilateral horizontal transmission disc assembly comprises a power belt wheel, a supporting belt wheel, a horizontal conveying belt and a conveying belt mounting plate. The power belt wheel and the plurality of supporting belt wheels which are arranged at the same height are sequentially supported on the inner side surface of the conveying belt mounting plate. The horizontal conveyor belt encircles the power pulley and all support pulleys. The conveyor belt mounting plates in the two single-side horizontal conveying disc assemblies are respectively fixed with the two sides of the top of the supporting frame. Track grooves which are horizontally arranged are formed in the opposite side surfaces of the two conveyor belt mounting plates. The first transmission shaft is supported on the two conveyor belt mounting plates. Two ends of the first transmission shaft are respectively fixed with the power belt wheels in the two unilateral horizontal transmission disc assemblies. The first transmission shaft is driven by a horizontal transmission disc motor.
The track-changing disc-conveying mechanism comprises a track-changing assembly and an inclined disc-conveying assembly. The rail replacing assembly comprises a traveling motor, a power traveling frame, a shovel plate block and an S-shaped conveyor. The power traveling frame comprises a traveling wheel shaft, a driving rail wheel and a horizontal mounting plate. The top ends of the two advancing wheel shafts and the two ends of the horizontal mounting plate respectively form a revolute pair, and the bottom ends of the two advancing wheel shafts and the two driving rail wheels are respectively fixed. The two driving rail wheels are respectively arranged on the rail grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates. The two travelling wheel shafts are driven by a travelling motor. The shovel disc block is fixed with the middle part of the horizontal mounting plate. The bottom end of the shovel plate block is lower than the top surface of the horizontal conveying belt, and the top end of the shovel plate block is higher than the top surface of the horizontal mounting plate. The auxiliary advancing frame and the two conveyor belt mounting plates form a sliding pair. The head end of the S-shaped conveyor is fixedly connected with the horizontal mounting plate.
The inclined disc conveying assembly comprises an inclined disc conveying motor, an inclined frame, an inclined baffle, a travelling wheel, an inclined disc conveying transmission shaft and a single-side inclined disc conveying assembly. The top end of the inclined frame is hinged with the tail end of the S-shaped conveyor. Two inclined baffles which are arranged at intervals are fixed on the inclined frame. The bottom ends of the two inclined baffles are respectively supported with a walking wheel. b inclined transmission shafts which are sequentially and obliquely arranged at equal intervals are supported between the two inclined baffles, and b is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 20. The single-side inclined conveying disc assembly comprises an inclined conveying belt and b inclined conveying wheels. The b inclined conveying wheels are respectively fixed with the b inclined conveying disc transmission shafts. The b inclined conveying wheels are connected through an inclined conveying belt. Two unilateral slope defeated dish subassemblies all set up between two inclined baffle.
Furthermore, n tectorial membrane shop platforms are respectively arranged on n adjacent ridges of land. The film spreading and winding assembly and the film collecting and winding assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the corresponding field. The supporting frame is fixed on one side of the n film collecting hoisting assemblies, which is far away from the corresponding film paving hoisting assemblies. The supporting frames are arranged along the width direction of a ridge of field. And sequencing the n-ridge fields in sequence from the tail end to the head end of the support frame. In an initial state, the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly is positioned on the side, away from the head end of the supporting frame, of the first ridge field, and the parallel travelling wheels are in contact with the corresponding strip-shaped thin films.
Further, the rail-changing disc-conveying mechanism further comprises an auxiliary advancing frame. The auxiliary advancing frame comprises a supporting plate, an auxiliary wheel shaft and two driven track wheels, wherein the top ends of the two vertically arranged auxiliary wheel shafts and the two ends of the supporting plate respectively form a revolute pair, and the bottom ends of the auxiliary wheel shafts and the two driven track wheels are respectively fixed. The two driven track wheels are respectively positioned on the track grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates. The auxiliary traveling frames are two in total. The supporting plates in the two auxiliary advancing frames are respectively fixed with the middle part and the tail end of the S-shaped frame.
Further, the S-shaped conveyor comprises a rail changing motor, an S-shaped rack, a chain wheel shaft and an S-shaped chain plate. The head end of the S-shaped frame is fixed with the horizontal mounting plate. Two chain wheel shafts are respectively supported at the head end and the tail end of the S-shaped frame and are connected through an S-shaped chain plate.
Furthermore, the inclined conveying belt is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed partition plates, and the distance between every two adjacent partition plates is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray.
Furthermore, the seedling raising tray output device also comprises a baffle. The two ends of the baffle plate positioned at the head end of the supporting frame are respectively fixed with the two conveyor belt mounting plates. The top edge of the baffle is higher than the top surface of the horizontal conveying belt.
Further, the paving disc driving assembly comprises a paving disc motor and a paving disc speed reducer. The spreading speed reducer comprises a spreading speed reducing frame, a first gear and a second gear. The first gear and the second gear are both supported in the paving speed reducing frame. The first gear is engaged with the second gear. The number of teeth of the first gear is less than the number of teeth of the second gear. The paving plate motor is fixed on the paving plate base. An output shaft of the disc paving motor and one end of the disc paving winding drum are respectively fixed with the first gear and the second gear.
Receive membrane drive assembly including receive membrane motor and receive membrane reduction gear. The film collecting speed reducer comprises a film collecting speed reducing frame, a third gear and a fourth gear. And the third gear and the fourth gear are both supported in the film collecting speed reducing frame. The third gear is meshed with the fourth gear. The number of teeth of the third gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear. Receive the membrane motor and fix on receiving the membrane base. An output shaft of the film collecting motor and one end of the film collecting winding drum are respectively fixed with the third gear and the fourth gear.
The traveling motors are two in total. The two traveling motors are respectively fixed with the two ends of the horizontal mounting plate. The output shafts of the two advancing motors are respectively fixed with the two advancing wheel shafts.
The horizontal disc conveying motor is fixed on one of the conveyor belt mounting plates. An output shaft of the horizontal transmission disc motor is fixed with one end of the first transmission shaft.
Further, the distance between the conveyor belt mounting plates in the two single-side horizontal tray conveying assemblies is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray. The distance between the two inclined baffles is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray.
Further, the length of the spreading reel and the length of the film drawing plate are both equal to the width of one ridge of field. The length of rectangular shape wire netting equals the length in a ridge field, and the width equals the width in a ridge field.
The automatic field plate paving device and plate paving method comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively arranging n film covering and disc paving devices on n adjacent ridges of land. The seedling raising disc output device is arranged at one end of the n-ridge field. Assign 1 to i.
And step two, the horizontal tray conveying motor rotates forwards, the S-shaped conveyor is started, and the workers sequentially put the plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism. Until the seedling raising tray which is firstly put on the horizontal tray conveying mechanism is contacted with the two inclined conveying belts, the inclined tray conveying motor rotates forwards, so that the seedling raising tray moves downwards along the inclined conveying belts in an inclined mode. The moving speed of the horizontal conveyor belt, the conveying speed of the S-shaped conveyor and the moving speed of the inclined conveyor belt are equal. And (5) firstly placing a seedling raising tray of the horizontal tray conveying mechanism to contact with the ith ridge land, and then entering the third step.
And step three, stopping the horizontal disc conveying motor, and synchronously rotating the two advancing motors forwards so that the rail-changing disc conveying mechanism moves towards the head end of the supporting frame at a speed equal to the moving speed of the inclined conveying belt. The seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveying belt are shoveled one by one on an S-shaped conveyor by a shovel tray block; the seedling raising trays on the S-shaped conveyor are fed onto the inclined conveying belt one by one. The seedling raising trays on the inclined conveying belt are paved on the ith ridge field one by one.
Step four, after the traveling wheels in the inclined disc conveying assembly are separated from the strip-shaped thin films corresponding to the ith ridge land, if the ith ridge land is fully paved, entering step eight; otherwise, executing the steps five to seven.
And step five, closing the S-shaped conveyor, stopping the inclined conveying disc motor, and synchronously rotating the disc laying motor and the film collecting motor in a positive direction to enable the film collecting winch assembly to move for a distance of S. The s distance is more than or equal to the sum of the width of the seedling raising tray, the thickness of the inclined baffle plate and the thickness of the travelling wheels. And then, synchronously stopping the disc laying motor and the film collecting motor.
And step six, synchronously reversing the two traveling motors to enable the track-changing and disc-conveying mechanism to move towards the tail end of the supporting frame. And after the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly reaches the side, far away from the head end of the supporting frame, of the ith ridge, the two traveling motors synchronously stop rotating.
Meanwhile, the horizontal tray conveying motor rotates forwards, and a worker sequentially puts a plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism. And stopping the horizontal tray conveying motor until the two traveling motors stop rotating and the seedling raising trays are filled between the shovel tray plate and the baffle plate, and stopping the placing of the seedling raising trays by workers.
And step seven, executing the step three and the step four.
And step eight, if i is equal to n, the disc paving is finished, otherwise, the steps nine and ten are executed.
Ninth, the worker takes off p seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveyor belt, wherein p-1.l1≤l2＜p·l1，l1Width of the seedling raising tray, /)2The distance between two adjacent ridges of fields.
And step ten, reversing a horizontal conveying disc motor to enable the seedling raising discs on the horizontal conveying belt to move towards the head end of the supporting frame. Meanwhile, the two advancing motors rotate forwards synchronously, so that the rail-changing and disc-conveying mechanism moves towards the head end of the supporting frame at a speed equal to the moving speed of the horizontal conveying belt. And (3) stopping the horizontal disc conveying motor and the two traveling motors after the travelling wheels in the inclined disc conveying assembly are contacted with the elongated thin film on the i + th ridge field, increasing i by 1, and repeatedly executing the steps from three to seven.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention drives the seedling raising tray through the film, and simultaneously realizes the work of film covering and tray laying, so that the position of the tray laying mechanism does not need to be changed, the function of fixed-point tray laying is realized, and the labor of workers is greatly reduced.
2. The movable S-shaped conveyor realizes the automatic track change of the seedling raising tray at different positions, and further realizes the laying of a multi-ridge field by one device.
3. The invention achieves high-precision automatic disc laying by a disc laying mode of laying one by one.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mulch laying apparatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a horizontal tray conveying mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the track-changing and disc-transporting mechanism of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the full-automatic field plate paving device comprises a seedling raising plate output device and n film covering plate paving devices 1. The n film covering and disc paving devices 1 are respectively arranged on the adjacent n-ridge lands. The seedling raising tray output device is arranged at one end of the n-ridge field (the actual number of n is determined according to the ridge number of the field to be tray-paved, and n is 2 for two-ridge fields in the embodiment).
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the mulching film laying device 1 includes a laying film winding-up assembly and a film collecting winding-up assembly. The film spreading and winding assembly and the film collecting and winding assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the corresponding field. The coiling lifting assembly comprises a coiling drum 7, a rope 8, a film drawing plate 9, a coiling base 10 and a coiling driving assembly. The laying drum 7 is supported on a laying base 10. The paving disc driving assembly comprises a paving disc motor 5 and a paving disc speed reducer 6. The pallet speed reducer 6 comprises a pallet speed reduction frame, a first gear and a second gear. The first gear and the second gear are both supported in the pallet speed reducing frame. The first gear is engaged with the second gear. The number of teeth of the first gear is less than the number of teeth of the second gear. The pallet motor 5 is fixed on the pallet base 10. An output shaft of the disc paving motor 5 and one end of the disc paving drum 7 are respectively fixed with the first gear and the second gear. One end of each of the m ropes 8 is fixed to the outer side surface of the coiling drum 7, the other end of each of the m ropes is fixed to the connection positions of the m ropes on the film drawing plate 9, and m is 5. The connecting positions of the m ropes 8 on the film drawing plate 9 are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the film drawing plate 9 and are all positioned at the bottom of the film drawing plate 9. The m ropes 8 are wound on the pallet roller 7 in the same direction. The length of the coiling drum 7 and the length of the film drawing plate 9 are both equal to the width of a ridge of field. The length of each of the m ropes 8 is equal to the length of one field.
The film winding and hoisting assembly comprises a film winding motor 11, a film winding drum 12, a strip-shaped wire mesh 13, a strip-shaped film and a film winding base 14. The film roll 12 is supported on a take-up base 14. Receive membrane drive assembly and include receipts membrane motor 11 and receipts membrane reduction gear. Receive membrane reduction gear including receiving membrane reduction gear, third gear and fourth gear. The third gear and the fourth gear are both supported in the film collecting speed reducing frame. The third gear is meshed with the fourth gear. The number of teeth of the third gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear. The film collecting motor 11 is fixed on the film collecting base 14. An output shaft of the film collecting motor 11 and one end of the film collecting winding drum are respectively fixed with the third gear and the fourth gear.
One end of the strip-shaped wire netting 13 is fixed with the side surface of the film winding drum 12, and the other end is fixed with the bottom of the film pulling plate 9. An elongated wire 13 is wound around the film roll 12. The length of the long-strip-shaped wire netting 13 is equal to the length of one ridge of field, and the width of the long-strip-shaped wire netting is equal to the width of one ridge of field. The strip-shaped wire netting 13 is attached with a strip-shaped film (the strip-shaped film is used for preventing roots of seedlings in the seedling raising tray from being pricked into a field). The base 10 for laying the disk and the base 14 for collecting the film are respectively fixed at two ends of the corresponding field. By the rotation of the pallet motor 5, the rope 8 can be driven to wind the pallet drum 7, thereby pulling the strip-shaped wire netting 13 and the strip-shaped film to cover the field. Through the rotation of the film collecting motor 11, the strip-shaped wire netting 13 and the strip-shaped film can be driven to wind the upper paving disc winding drum 7, so that the strip-shaped wire netting 13 and the strip-shaped film are recycled.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the seedling raising tray output device comprises a horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2, a rail changing tray conveying mechanism 3 and a supporting frame 4. The supporting frame 4 is fixed at the end of the ridge provided with the film collecting winch component. The support frames 4 are arranged in the width direction of one ridge of the field. The horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 is arranged on the top of the supporting frame 4. The track-changing disk conveying mechanism 3 is arranged above the horizontal disk conveying mechanism 2 through a track wheel.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 includes a horizontal tray conveying motor 15, a first transmission shaft 16, a single-side horizontal tray conveying assembly, and a baffle 17. The single-sided horizontal conveyor assembly includes a power pulley 18, a support pulley, a horizontal conveyor belt 19, and a conveyor belt mounting plate 20. The power belt wheel 18 and z supporting belt wheels which are arranged at the same height are sequentially arranged and supported on the inner side surface of the conveying belt mounting plate 20 at equal intervals, and z is 11. The horizontal transmission belt 19 encircles the power belt pulley 18 and the z supporting belt pulleys to form a structure for horizontally transmitting the seedling raising tray. The conveyor belt mounting plates 20 in the two single-side horizontal conveyor disc assemblies are respectively fixed with the two sides of the top of the supporting frame 4. The distance between the conveyor belt mounting plates 20 in the two single-side horizontal tray conveying assemblies is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray. The inner sides of the two conveyor belt mounting plates 20 are oppositely disposed. The opposite side surfaces of the two conveyor belt mounting plates 20 are provided with track grooves which are horizontally arranged. The first drive shaft 16 is supported at each end on two respective belt mounting plates 20. Both ends of the first transmission shaft 16 are fixed to power pulleys 18 in the two single-side horizontal transmission disc assemblies, respectively. The horizontal transfer plate motor 15 is fixed to one end of one of the conveyor belt mounting plates 20. An output shaft of the horizontal transmission disc motor 15 is fixed with one end of a first transmission shaft 16. The two ends of the baffle 17 are respectively fixed with the two conveyor belt mounting plates 20. The baffle 17 is located at the head end of the support frame 4.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the track-changing and disc-transporting mechanism 3 includes a track-changing assembly and a tilt disc assembly. The rail-changing assembly includes a traveling motor 21, a power traveling frame, an auxiliary traveling frame 25, a blade block 26, and an S-type conveyor. The powered travel carriage includes a travel axle 22, a drive rail wheel 23, and a horizontal mounting plate 24. The top ends of two vertically arranged traveling wheel shafts 22 and two ends of a horizontal mounting plate 24 respectively form a revolute pair, and the bottom ends of the two vertically arranged traveling wheel shafts and two driving rail wheels 23 are respectively fixed. The two driving rail wheels 23 respectively extend into the rail grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates 20. The two traveling motors 21 are fixed to both ends of the horizontal mounting plate 24, respectively. The output shafts of the two traveling motors 21 are fixed to two traveling wheel shafts 22, respectively. A shovel plate block 26 is fixed to the middle of the horizontal mounting plate 24. The working side of the shovel plate block 26 is inclined towards the head end of the support frame 4. The bottom end of the shovel plate block 26 is lower than the top surface of the horizontal conveyor belt 19, and the top end is higher than the top surface of the horizontal mounting plate 24. In the initial state, the horizontal mounting plate 24 is located above the rear end of the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2. The horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 can convey the seedling raising trays from the head end to the tail end, so that the rail replacing assembly can shovel the seedling raising trays from the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2. The auxiliary advancing frame 25 includes a support plate, an auxiliary wheel shaft, and two driven rail wheels, the top ends of the two vertically arranged auxiliary wheel shafts and the two ends of the support plate respectively form a revolute pair, and the bottom ends of the auxiliary wheel shafts and the two driven rail wheels are respectively fixed. The two driven track wheels respectively extend into the track grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates 20.
The S-shaped conveyor comprises a rail-changing motor 27, an S-shaped frame 28, a chain wheel shaft and an S-shaped chain plate 29. The head end of the S-frame 28 is fixed to the horizontal mounting plate 24 and the tail end is located on the side of the support frame 4 adjacent the field. The auxiliary traveling frame 25 has two in total. The supporting plates in the two auxiliary traveling frames 25 are fixed to the middle and the tail ends of the S-shaped frame 28 respectively. Two sprocket shafts parallel to the first drive shaft 16 are supported at the head and tail ends of the S-shaped frame 28, respectively, and are connected by an S-shaped link plate 29. The S-shaped conveyor is used for transferring the seedling raising trays on the position supporting frame 4 to the outside of the supporting frame 4.
The tilting tray assembly comprises a tilting tray motor 30, a tilting frame, a tilting baffle 31, a travelling wheel 32, a tilting tray transmission shaft 33 and a single-side tilting tray assembly. The top end of the tilting frame is hinged to the tail end of the S-frame 28. Two inclined baffles 31 arranged at intervals are fixed on the inclined rack. The bottom ends of the two inclined baffles 31 are respectively supported with a walking wheel 32. The road wheels 32 are in contact with the ground or elongated membranes. b inclined disc transmission shafts 33 which are sequentially and obliquely arranged at equal intervals are supported between the two inclined baffles 31, and b is 8. The distance between the two inclined baffles 31 is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray. The single-sided oblique feed tray assembly includes an oblique conveyor belt 34 and b oblique feed wheels 35. The b inclined conveying wheels 35 and the b inclined conveying disc transmission shafts 33 are respectively fixed. The b inclined conveyor wheels 35 are connected by an inclined conveyor belt 34. A plurality of uniformly distributed partition plates are arranged on the inclined conveying belt 34, and
the distance between two adjacent partition boards is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray. The baffles on the angled conveyor belt 34 in the two single-sided angled conveyor tray assemblies are aligned separately. The two single-side inclined conveying disc assemblies are arranged between the two inclined baffle plates 31 and are respectively close to the two single-side inclined conveying disc assemblies. Through the movement of the rail-changing tray conveying mechanism 3, the seedling raising tray can be placed on any strip-shaped film.
And sequencing the n-ridge fields in sequence from the tail end to the head end of the support frame 4.
In the initial state, the distance between the film pulling plates 9 and the corresponding film collecting bases 14 in all the film covering and spreading device 1 is equal to 1.2 times of the length of the seedling raising tray. The bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly is positioned on the side of the first ridge field far away from the head end of the supporting frame and is in contact with the strip-shaped film. One of the two inclined conveyor belts is located directly above the uppermost inclined conveyor wheel 35 and is oriented vertically directly above it.
The automatic field plate paving device and plate paving method comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively arranging n film covering and disc paving devices 1 on n adjacent ridges of land. The seedling raising disc output device is arranged at one end of the n-ridge field. Assign 1 to i.
And step two, the horizontal tray conveying motor 15 rotates forwards, the S-shaped conveyor is started, and the workers sequentially put a plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts 19 in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2. Until the seedling raising tray which is firstly put on the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 is contacted with the highest clapboard on the two inclined conveying belts, the inclined tray conveying motor 30 rotates forwards, so that the seedling raising tray moves downwards along the inclined conveying belts in an inclined way. The moving speed of the horizontal conveyor belt, the conveying speed of the S-shaped conveyor and the moving speed of the inclined conveyor belt are equal. And (3) firstly placing a seedling raising tray of the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 to contact with the ith ridge land, and then entering the third step.
And step three, stopping the horizontal disc conveying motor 15, and synchronously rotating the two advancing motors 21 forwards so that the rail-changing disc conveying mechanism 3 moves towards the head end of the supporting frame 4 at the speed equal to the moving speed of the inclined conveying belt. The seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveying belt are shoveled one by one on an S-shaped conveyor by a shovel tray block; the seedling raising trays on the S-shaped conveyor are fed onto the inclined conveying belt one by one. The seedling raising trays on the inclined conveying belt are paved on the ith ridge field one by one.
And step four, the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly reaches the side, close to the head end of the supporting frame, of the ith ridge field, and after the travelling wheels 32 are separated from the long strip-shaped thin film corresponding to the ith ridge field (half of a seedling raising disc is not in the ith ridge field at the moment, and half of the seedling raising disc is in the inclined conveying belt), if the ith ridge field is fully paved, the step eight is carried out. Otherwise, entering the steps five to seven.
And step five, closing the S-shaped conveyor, stopping the inclined conveying disc motor 30, synchronously rotating the disc laying motor 5 and the film collecting motor 11 forwards, and driving the strip-shaped thin film to move for a distance of S towards the film collecting winch assembly by the film pulling plate 9. The distance s is equal to the sum of the width of the seedling raising tray, the thickness of the inclined baffle plate 31 and the thickness of the travelling wheels 32 (the sum of the thicknesses of the inclined baffle plate 31 and the travelling wheels 32 is the spacing between the seedling raising trays), and then the seedling raising tray motor 5 and the film collecting motor 11 synchronously stop rotating.
And step six, synchronously reversing the two traveling motors 21 to enable the track-changing and disc-conveying mechanism 3 to move towards the tail end of the supporting frame 4. And the two traveling motors 21 synchronously stop rotating until the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly reaches the side of the ith ridge far away from the head end of the supporting frame.
Meanwhile, the horizontal tray conveying motor 15 rotates forwards, and workers put a plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts 19 in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism 2 in sequence. And stopping the horizontal tray conveying motor 15 until the two traveling motors 21 stop rotating and the seedling raising trays are filled between the shovel plate and the baffle 17, and stopping placing the seedling raising trays by workers.
And step seven, executing the step three and the step four.
And step eight, if i is equal to n, the disc paving is finished, otherwise, the steps nine and ten are executed.
Ninth, the worker takes off p seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveyor belt 19, wherein p-1.l1≤l2＜p·l1，l1Width of the seedling raising tray, /)2The distance between two adjacent ridges of fields.
And step ten, reversely rotating the horizontal tray conveying motor 15 to enable the seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveying belt to move towards the head end of the supporting frame 4. At the same time, the two traveling motors 21 rotate forward synchronously, so that the track-changing and disc-conveying mechanism 3 moves to the head end of the support frame 4 at a speed equal to the moving speed of the horizontal conveyor belt. And (3) stopping the horizontal disc conveying motor 15 and the two traveling motors 21 until the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined disc conveying assembly moves to the side, away from the head end of the support frame, of the (i + 1) th ridge field and is in contact with the elongated thin film on the (i + 1) th ridge field, increasing i by 1, and repeatedly executing the steps from three to seven.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic field shop's dish device which characterized in that: comprises a seedling raising tray output device and n film covering and laying tray devices, wherein n is less than or equal to 10; the n film covering and laying devices are arranged in sequence; the film covering and laying device comprises a film laying and winding assembly and a film collecting and winding assembly; the disc paving and lifting assembly comprises a disc paving winding drum, a rope, a film drawing plate, a disc paving base and a disc paving driving assembly; the disc paving cylinder is supported on the disc paving base and is driven by the disc paving driving assembly; one ends of the ropes are fixed with the outer side surface of the film spreading and coiling barrel, and the other ends of the ropes are fixed with the film pulling plate; the film winding and hoisting assembly comprises a film winding motor, a film winding drum, a strip-shaped wire netting, a strip-shaped film and a film winding base; the film winding drum is supported on the film winding base and is driven by the film winding driving assembly; one end of the strip-shaped wire netting is fixed with the side surface of the film winding drum, and the other end of the strip-shaped wire netting is fixed with the bottom of the film pulling plate; the strip-shaped wire netting is wound on the film winding drum; a strip-shaped film is arranged on the strip-shaped wire netting;
the seedling raising tray output device comprises a horizontal tray conveying mechanism, a rail changing tray conveying mechanism and a supporting frame; the horizontal disc conveying mechanism comprises a horizontal disc conveying motor, a first transmission shaft and a single-side horizontal disc conveying assembly; the unilateral horizontal transmission disc assembly comprises a power belt wheel, a supporting belt wheel, a horizontal conveying belt and a conveying belt mounting plate; the power belt wheel and the plurality of supporting belt wheels which are arranged at the same height are sequentially supported on the inner side surface of the conveying belt mounting plate; the horizontal conveyor belt encircles the power belt pulley and all the supporting belt pulleys; the conveyor belt mounting plates in the two single-side horizontal conveying disc assemblies are respectively fixed with the two sides of the top of the supporting frame; the opposite side surfaces of the two conveyor belt mounting plates are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged track groove; the first transmission shaft is supported on the two conveyor belt mounting plates; two ends of the first transmission shaft are respectively fixed with the power belt pulleys in the two unilateral horizontal transmission disc assemblies; the first transmission shaft is driven by a horizontal transmission disc motor;
the track-changing disc-conveying mechanism comprises a track-changing assembly and an inclined disc-conveying assembly; the rail replacing assembly comprises a traveling motor, a power traveling frame, a shovel plate block and an S-shaped conveyor; the power traveling frame comprises a traveling wheel shaft, a driving rail wheel and a horizontal mounting plate; the top ends of the two advancing wheel shafts and the two ends of the horizontal mounting plate respectively form a revolute pair, and the bottom ends of the two advancing wheel shafts and the two horizontal mounting plate are respectively fixed with the two driving track wheels; the two driving track wheels are respectively arranged on the track grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates; the two advancing wheel shafts are driven by an advancing motor; the shovel disc block is fixed with the middle part of the horizontal mounting plate; the bottom end of the shovel plate block is lower than the top surface of the horizontal conveyor belt, and the top end of the shovel plate block is higher than the top surface of the horizontal mounting plate; the auxiliary advancing frame and the two conveyor belt mounting plates form a sliding pair; the head end of the S-shaped conveyor is fixedly connected with the horizontal mounting plate;
the inclined disc conveying assembly comprises an inclined disc conveying motor, an inclined frame, an inclined baffle, a travelling wheel, an inclined disc conveying transmission shaft and a single-side inclined disc conveying assembly; the top end of the inclined frame is hinged with the tail end of the S-shaped conveyor; two inclined baffles which are arranged at intervals are fixed on the inclined frame; the bottom ends of the two inclined baffles are respectively supported with a walking wheel; b inclined transmission shaft of the transmission disc which are arranged in an inclined way at equal intervals in sequence are supported between two inclined baffles, and b is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 20; the single-side inclined conveying disc assembly comprises an inclined conveying belt and b inclined conveying wheels; the b inclined conveying wheels are respectively fixed with the b inclined conveying disc transmission shafts; the b inclined conveying wheels are connected through an inclined conveying belt; two unilateral slope defeated dish subassemblies all set up between two inclined baffle.
2. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the n film-covered paving discs are respectively arranged on the adjacent n-ridge lands; the film spreading and winding assembly and the film collecting and winding assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the corresponding field; the supporting frame is fixed on one side of the n film collecting hoisting assemblies, which is far away from the corresponding film paving hoisting assemblies; the supporting frame is arranged along the width direction of a ridge of field; sequencing the n-ridge fields in sequence from the tail end to the head end of the supporting frame; in an initial state, the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly is positioned on the side, away from the head end of the supporting frame, of the first ridge field, and the parallel travelling wheels are in contact with the corresponding strip-shaped thin films.
3. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rail-changing disc conveying mechanism further comprises an auxiliary advancing frame; the auxiliary advancing frame comprises a supporting plate, an auxiliary wheel shaft and two driven track wheels, wherein the top ends of the two vertically arranged auxiliary wheel shafts and the two ends of the supporting plate respectively form a rotating pair, and the bottom ends of the auxiliary wheel shafts and the two driven track wheels are respectively fixed; the two driven track wheels are respectively positioned on the track grooves on the two conveyor belt mounting plates; the auxiliary traveling frames are two in number; the supporting plates in the two auxiliary advancing frames are respectively fixed with the middle part and the tail end of the S-shaped frame.
4. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the S-shaped conveyor comprises a rail changing motor, an S-shaped rack, a chain wheel shaft and an S-shaped chain plate; the head end of the S-shaped frame is fixed with the horizontal mounting plate; two chain wheel shafts are respectively supported at the head end and the tail end of the S-shaped frame and are connected through an S-shaped chain plate.
5. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the inclined conveying belt is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed partition plates, and the distance between every two adjacent partition plates is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray.
6. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the seedling raising tray output device also comprises a baffle; two ends of the baffle plate positioned at the head end of the supporting frame are respectively fixed with the two conveyor belt mounting plates; the top edge of the baffle is higher than the top surface of the horizontal conveying belt.
7. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the paving disc driving assembly comprises a paving disc motor and a paving disc speed reducer; the disc laying speed reducer comprises a disc laying speed reducing frame, a first gear and a second gear; the first gear and the second gear are both supported in the laying disk speed reducing frame; the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the number of teeth of the first gear is less than that of the second gear; the tray laying motor is fixed on the tray laying base; an output shaft of the disc paving motor and one end of the disc paving winding drum are respectively fixed with the first gear and the second gear;
the film collecting driving assembly comprises a film collecting motor and a film collecting speed reducer; the film collecting speed reducer comprises a film collecting speed reducing frame, a third gear and a fourth gear; the third gear and the fourth gear are both supported in the film collecting speed reducing frame; the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear; the number of teeth of the third gear is less than that of the fourth gear; the film collecting motor is fixed on the film collecting base; an output shaft of the film collecting motor and one end of the film collecting winding drum are respectively fixed with the third gear and the fourth gear;
the traveling motors are two in total; the two traveling motors are respectively fixed with the two ends of the horizontal mounting plate; the output shafts of the two traveling motors are respectively fixed with the two traveling wheel shafts; the horizontal disc conveying motor is fixed on one of the conveyor belt mounting plates; an output shaft of the horizontal transmission disc motor is fixed with one end of the first transmission shaft.
8. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the conveyor belt mounting plates in the two unilateral horizontal tray conveying assemblies is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray; the distance between the two inclined baffles is equal to the length of the seedling raising tray.
9. The fully automatic field paving apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the length of the spreading reel and the length of the film drawing plate are both equal to the width of one ridge of field; the length of rectangular shape wire netting equals the length in a ridge field, and the width equals the width in a ridge field.
10. A method of laying a pallet in a fully automatic field laying pallet apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: step one, respectively arranging n film covering and disc paving devices on n adjacent ridges of land; the seedling raising disc output device is arranged at one end of the n-ridge field; assigning 1 to i;
step two, the horizontal tray conveying motor rotates forwards, the S-shaped conveyor is started, and a worker sequentially puts a plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism; until the seedling raising tray which is firstly put on the horizontal tray conveying mechanism is contacted with the two inclined conveying belts, the inclined tray conveying motor rotates forwards to enable the seedling raising tray to move downwards along the inclined conveying belts in an inclined mode; the moving speed of the horizontal conveying belt, the conveying speed of the S-shaped conveyor and the moving speed of the inclined conveying belt are equal; firstly, placing a seedling raising tray of the horizontal tray conveying mechanism to contact with the ith ridge land, and then entering the third step;
stopping the horizontal tray conveying motor, and synchronously rotating the two advancing motors forwards to enable the rail-changing tray conveying mechanism to move towards the head end of the supporting frame at a speed equal to the moving speed of the inclined conveying belt; the seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveying belt are shoveled one by one on an S-shaped conveyor by a shovel tray block; the seedling raising trays on the S-shaped conveyor are conveyed to the inclined conveying belt one by one; the seedling raising trays on the inclined conveying belt are paved on the ith ridge field one by one;
step four, after the traveling wheels in the inclined disc conveying assembly are separated from the strip-shaped thin films corresponding to the ith ridge land, if the ith ridge land is fully paved, entering step eight; otherwise, executing the steps from five to seven;
step five, closing the S-shaped conveyor, stopping the inclined conveying disc motor, and synchronously rotating the disc laying motor and the film collecting motor in a positive direction to enable the film collecting winch assembly to move for a distance of S; the s distance is more than or equal to the sum of the width of the seedling raising tray, the thickness of the inclined baffle plate and the thickness of the travelling wheel; then, synchronously stopping the disc laying motor and the film collecting motor;
step six, the two traveling motors synchronously rotate reversely, so that the track-changing and disc-conveying mechanism moves towards the tail end of the supporting frame; two advancing motors stop rotating synchronously until the bottom end of the inclined frame in the inclined conveying disc assembly reaches the side, far away from the head end of the supporting frame, of the ith ridge field;
meanwhile, a horizontal tray conveying motor rotates forwards, and workers put a plurality of seedling raising trays on two horizontal conveying belts in the horizontal tray conveying mechanism in sequence; until the two traveling motors stop rotating and the seedling raising trays are filled between the shovel plate and the baffle plate, the horizontal tray conveying motor stops rotating, and workers stop placing the seedling raising trays;
step seven, executing the step three and the step four;
step eight, if i is equal to n, the disc paving is finished, otherwise, the steps nine and ten are executed;
ninth, the worker takes off p seedling raising trays on the horizontal conveyor belt, wherein (p-1). l1≤l2＜p·l1，l1Width of the seedling raising tray, /)2The distance between two adjacent ridges of fields;
step ten, reversing a horizontal tray conveying motor to enable a seedling raising tray on the horizontal conveying belt to move towards the head end of the supporting frame; meanwhile, the two advancing motors synchronously rotate forwards, so that the rail-changing disc conveying mechanism moves towards the head end of the supporting frame at a speed equal to the moving speed of the horizontal conveying belt; and (3) stopping the horizontal disc conveying motor and the two traveling motors after the travelling wheels in the inclined disc conveying assembly are contacted with the elongated thin film on the i + th ridge field, increasing i by 1, and repeatedly executing the steps from three to seven.
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| CN201910008446.1A CN109548522B (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | Full-automatic field plate laying device and plate laying method thereof |
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| CN201910008446.1A CN109548522B (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | Full-automatic field plate laying device and plate laying method thereof |
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| CN110679339B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2021-05-07 | 浙江理工大学 | Automatic disc laying device driven by walking type ground wheels and disc laying method thereof |
| CN111924487B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-05-03 | 常州市金坛区作物栽培技术指导站 | Automatic tray placing device for seedling tray conveyor |
| CN113557871A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州新农益科技有限公司 | Planting unit laying device |
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| JPH11152110A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-08 | Maki Seisakusho:Kk | Apparatus for arranging direction of receiving tray for selection of agricultural product, and receiving tray to be used therefor |
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Denomination of invention: The invention relates to a fully automatic field tray laying device and a tray laying method thereof Effective date of registration: 20220413 Granted publication date: 20201222 Pledgee: Yongkang branch of the Industrial Commercial Bank of China Ltd. Pledgor: ZHEJIANG DEFEILUO INTELLIGENT MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022330000502 |
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Granted publication date: 20201222 Pledgee: Yongkang branch of the Industrial Commercial Bank of China Ltd. Pledgor: ZHEJIANG DEFEILUO INTELLIGENT MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022330000502 |