CN109540768B - In-situ water pressing test system for specific fracture surface hydraulic opening degree - Google Patents
In-situ water pressing test system for specific fracture surface hydraulic opening degree Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000005189 Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ water-pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of a specific crack surface, which comprises a water vapor exchange chamber, a flow monitoring meter, a measuring probe, a plug, an air bag, a telescopic water guide pipe, a telescopic air guide pipe, a water guide pipe, an air guide pipe, a pressure supply device, a generator, a cable, a connecting pipe and a data comprehensive processing platform, wherein the water vapor exchange chamber is provided with a water vapor inlet and outlet; the number of the plugs is two, and the plugs are respectively provided with an air bag; the measuring probe is arranged between the two plugs; the pressure supply device is connected with the generator and the water vapor exchange chamber; one end of the air duct is connected with the pressure supply device, and the other end of the air duct penetrates through one plug, is connected with the telescopic air duct and then penetrates through the other plug; one end of the water guide pipe is connected with the water vapor exchange chamber, and the other end of the water guide pipe penetrates through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic water guide pipe and then penetrates through the other plug; the flow monitoring meter is arranged on the water guide pipe; the data comprehensive processing platform is respectively connected with the measuring probe and the flow monitoring meter. The system provided by the invention can immediately calculate the hydraulic opening of the specific crack surface, thereby greatly simplifying the working workload.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a field in-situ water pressurizing test system, in particular to an in-situ water pressurizing test system aiming at specific fracture surface hydraulic opening degree.
Background
In the past, the problem that the existing pressurized water test can only determine the overall properties of a plurality of different fracture structural surfaces in a pressurized water section, but cannot determine the characteristic parameters of a specific fracture surface is solved. And many researches on the permeability of the single-crack structural surface are carried out on the basis of indoor experiments, and the researches on the permeability in the in-situ test are less. Due to the difficulty in sampling the single-crack structural surface of some engineering parts, the original properties (such as opening degree, cementing condition and the like) of the single-crack structural surface and the occurrence environment (such as ground stress, pressure, temperature, humidity and the like) of the single-crack structural surface can be changed to some extent in the sampling process, and the results of indoor experiments can be distorted to some extent. It is therefore essential to study the properties of the single fracture surface using in situ water pressure tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for in-situ water pressurizing test and data processing of a specific crack surface, which can solve the existing problems and can process in-situ water pressurizing test data of a field single crack structure surface returned by a cable and a flow observer in real time.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of a specific crack surface, wherein the system comprises a water vapor exchange chamber, a flow monitoring meter, a measuring probe, a plug, an air bag, a telescopic water guide pipe, a telescopic air guide pipe, a water guide pipe, an air guide pipe, a pressure supply device, a generator, a cable, a connecting pipe and a data comprehensive processing platform; the number of the plugs is two, the two plugs are arranged in sequence, and each plug is provided with an air bag; the measuring probe is arranged between the two plugs; the pressure supply device is electrically connected with the generator through a cable, and is also connected with the water vapor exchange chamber through a connecting pipe; one end of the air duct is connected with the pressure supply device, the other end of the air duct penetrates through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic air duct, and the other end of the telescopic air duct penetrates through the other plug; one end of the water guide pipe is connected with the water vapor exchange chamber, the other end of the water guide pipe penetrates through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic water guide pipe, and the other end of the telescopic water guide pipe penetrates through the other plug; the flow monitoring meter is arranged on a water guide pipe connected with the water vapor exchange chamber; the data comprehensive processing platform is respectively connected with the measuring probe and the flow monitoring meter through cables. The cable is a sensing cable and can accurately transmit data obtained by measuring probes and the like to the data comprehensive processing platform.
In the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific fracture surface, the pressure supply device, the generator, the water vapor exchange chamber, the flow monitoring meter and the data comprehensive processing platform are arranged on the ground; the plug is provided with a measuring probe, a telescopic water guide pipe, a telescopic air guide pipe and a drill hole which is vertically arranged from the ground downwards, wherein one end of the water guide pipe and one end of the air guide pipe are arranged in the drill hole. The water vapor exchange chamber can continuously and smoothly press water flow into the crack structural surface at a specific position through the pressure provided by the pressure supply device. The flow monitoring meter is preferably a high-precision flow monitoring meter, can provide real-time flow monitoring with the precision of 10E-3ml/s, and quickly transmits monitoring data to the data comprehensive processing platform for processing. The pressure supply device is a compressed air pressurizer, supplies air to the water vapor exchange chamber through a connecting pipe and also supplies air to the air guide pipe, and controls the precision and the measuring range of the pressure supply device by two rotatable valves respectively, wherein the maximum measuring range of the pressure supply device is 10MPa, and the precision is 1 kPa.
The in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific fracture surface is characterized in that the plug comprises a first plug and a second plug which are sequentially arranged; the air duct and the water guide pipe parallelly penetrate through the air bag of the first plug and are then respectively connected with the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe, and the lower ends of the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe parallelly penetrate through the air bag of the second plug until the bottom of the air bag of the second plug; the air duct and the water guide pipe are respectively provided with scales. The lower ends of the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe are respectively a lower air duct and a lower water guide pipe. The surface of the air duct is provided with mm-level scale marks, and the position of the single-crack structural surface can be accurately obtained in real time through the descending length of the movable plug. The surface of the water guide pipe is provided with mm-level scale marks, and the position of the single-crack structural surface can be accurately obtained in real time through the descending length of the movable plug. The telescopic water guide pipe is made of a novel alloy material, the length of the water pressing section can be controlled through telescopic change, and water is injected to the position of the specific crack surface through the small hole in the hole wall after the water pressing section is fixed. The telescopic air duct is made of novel alloy materials, can control the length of the pressurized-water section through telescopic change together with the telescopic water duct, and inflates the air bag through small holes in the hole wall after the pressurized-water section is fixed, so that the air bag expands to plug the upper end and the lower end of the pressurized-water section.
In the in-situ water-pressurizing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening degree of the specific crack surface, the gas guide pipe is provided with a plurality of gas guide holes on the pipe body in the air bag of the first plug, and the lower end of the telescopic gas guide pipe penetrates into the pipe body in the air bag of the second plug and is also provided with a plurality of gas guide holes. The air-guide hole can quickly guide the air pressure of the pressure supply device into the air bag. The balloon of the plug can expand outwardly. The air bag is preferably made of memory rubber, and can be tightly combined with the uneven hole wall when expanded, so that the sealing performance of the pressurized water test section during high-pressure water injection is greatly enhanced.
In the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific crack surface, the telescopic water guide pipe is provided with a plurality of water guide holes on the pipe body between the two plugs. The water guide hole can stably and uniformly press a water source in the water supply device into a water pressing test section where the specific crack surface is located.
The in-situ water-pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific crack surface is characterized in that a measuring probe is arranged downwards in the middle of the bottom of the first plug, and the measuring probe comprises a telescopic lead, a probe base, a hydraulic pressure induction ring, an LED light source, a miniature photogrammetric camera, inner-layer toughened glass and outer-layer toughened glass. The measuring probe is preferably a multi-kinetic energy photogrammetric probe which mainly comprises a water pressure sensing part, a double-section LED illuminating part and a photogrammetric part and can move up and down and rotate 360 degrees in a drill hole.
Foretell normal position water-pressure test system to specific crack face water conservancy aperture, wherein, measuring probe, it is fixed with the bottom of first embolism through the probe base, the water pressure response ring sets up in probe base below, flexible wire sets up between probe base and water pressure response ring, inlayer toughened glass and outer toughened glass constitute double-deck transparent cavity shell, the bottom of shell is airtight and sets into the round hair style, the top is equipped with the opening, the open-top and the water pressure response ring fixed connection of shell, the inside top and the bottom of shell are equipped with the LED light source towards the shell center respectively, the shell middle part internal fixation between the LED light source at both ends is equipped with miniature photogrammetry camera. The water pressure sensing ring is an annular water pressure sensor, can monitor the change of water pressure of a water pressure test section in the water injection process in real time, and transmits data back to the ground data comprehensive processing platform. The probe base is rotatable through 360 degrees when the photogrammetric probe is in operation. The telescopic lead can lead the probe to move up and down when the probe works in the drill hole. The LED light source is preferably a double-section LED light source provided with two LED lamp tubes, is positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the miniature photogrammetric camera, can provide light sources with uniform brightness for the shooting part of the camera, and is convenient for accurately extracting parameters. The miniature photogrammetric camera can accurately extract the occurrence parameters of the crack surface where the shooting part is located, and transmits the obtained data information back to the ground data comprehensive processing platform in real time. The inner layer of toughened glass is preferably high-transparency toughened glass positioned on the inner layer, and provides a first layer of protection for the LED light source and the miniature photogrammetric camera. The outer-layer toughened glass is preferably high-transparency toughened glass positioned on the outer layer, provides a second layer of protection for the LED light source and the miniature photogrammetric camera, and ensures that equipment in the glass cannot be damaged in a high-water-pressure environment in the water injection process.
In the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening degree of the specific crack surface, the air bag of the first plug is also internally provided with a hollow guide pipe which vertically penetrates through the first plug from the middle, and a cable connected with the data comprehensive processing platform penetrates through the guide pipe and is connected with the telescopic lead and the measuring probe through the probe base; the data comprehensive processing platform is provided with a computer. The data comprehensive processing platform is preferably a data comprehensive processing platform developed based on a hydraulics basic principle, can process various data (such as structural plane attitude, water pressure and the like) measured by the probe, and can quickly obtain the hydraulic opening of a fracture structural plane at a specific position.
In the in-situ water pressure test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific fracture surface, the generator is a direct current generator or an alternating current generator which provides alternating current and direct current for the whole system. Preferably, the high-power direct current and alternating current generator can provide alternating current and direct current with a large transformation range.
The invention also provides a use method of the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the specific fracture surface hydraulic opening degree, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, drilling a borehole vertically downwards on the ground, placing a movable double-plug structure formed by two plugs into the borehole after arranging a ground device comprising a pressure supply device, a generator, a water vapor exchange chamber, a flow monitoring meter and a data comprehensive processing platform, and judging the position of the plug for lowering through scale changes on the surfaces of a water guide pipe and an air guide pipe; step 2, starting the measuring probe to perform data detection, continuously returning data obtained by photogrammetry to a data comprehensive processing platform for processing, accurately positioning the specific fracture structural plane by processing the acquired occurrence data after finding out the approximate position of the specific fracture structural plane, and determining the length of a water pressing section by the extension of a telescopic water guide pipe and a telescopic air guide pipe between plugs; attitude (orientation) refers to the spatial attitude of any tectonic surface (stratigraphic surface, joint surface, fault surface, etc.), usually determined by strike and dip (dip and dip). Step 3, inflating the air bag of the plug through the air duct, enabling the air bag of the plug to be in close and full contact with the hole wall of the drilled hole, starting pressurization and injecting water through the telescopic water guide pipe, and transmitting water pressure to the data comprehensive processing platform in real time through a water pressure sensing part, namely a water pressure sensing ring, in the measuring probe; and 4, transmitting the water flow pressed into the specific fracture structural surface into a data comprehensive processing platform in real time through a flow monitor, and calculating the hydraulic opening of the single fracture structural surface at the position by combining the previously transmitted data. Data transmission and processing procedures, calculation of hydraulic opening, etc. are known to those skilled in the art.
The in-situ water pressing test system for the hydraulic opening of the specific fracture surface provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides an in-situ water pressing test and data processing device aiming at a specific crack surface, which particularly relates to image acquisition, in-situ water pressing and data real-time processing, and is divided into an in-hole part and a ground part. The in-hole part mainly comprises double plugs capable of adjusting the length of a pressurized water section, a photogrammetric probe and a data sensing cable, the ground part mainly comprises a power supply device, a pressurized water test water supply and pressure supply device, a flow observation meter and an independently researched and developed data comprehensive processing system, and the system can process field single-crack structural surface in-situ pressurized water test data transmitted back by the cable and the flow observation meter in real time.
The invention can process the development condition of the crack surface in the hole fed back by the photogrammetric probe in real time through the terminal data comprehensive processing system, quickly identify and position the well developed single crack surface in the hole, then carry out a water pressing test on the test section where the determined single crack surface is located, transmit the real-time flow condition into the data comprehensive processing system through the flow observation meter, and immediately calculate the hydraulic opening of the specific crack surface according to the existing crack surface parameters in the system and the hydraulic pressure data transmitted by the multifunctional probe.
The invention also has the following characteristics: (1) the hydraulic openness of a single fracture at any position can be rapidly measured in field drilling. (2) Compared with an indoor complex simulation test, the single-crack hydraulic opening degree closer to the actual situation can be obtained. (3) The operation is simple, the informatization degree is high, and the workload of indoor operation is greatly simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ water pressure test system aiming at specific hydraulic opening of a fracture surface.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plug of the in-situ water pressure test system for specific hydraulic opening of a fracture surface according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a measuring probe of the in-situ water pressure test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of a specific fracture surface.
Wherein, 1, a data comprehensive processing platform; 2. a water vapor exchange chamber; 3. a flow monitoring meter; 4. a sensing cable; 5. an air duct; 6. a pressure supply device; 7. a generator; 8. a measuring probe; 9. a telescopic aqueduct; 10. a telescopic air duct; 11. an air bag; 12. a water conduit; 13. an air vent; 14. a water guide hole; 15. a probe base; 16. a telescopic lead; 17. a water pressure induction ring; 18. an LED light source; 19. a miniature photogrammetric camera; 20. the inner layer is toughened glass; 21. and outer layer toughened glass.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the in-situ water-pressurizing test system for hydraulic opening of a specific fracture surface provided by the invention comprises a water vapor exchange chamber 2, a flow monitor 3, a measuring probe 8, a plug, an air bag 11, a telescopic water guide pipe 9, a telescopic air guide pipe 10, a water guide pipe 12, an air guide pipe 5, a pressure supply device 6, a generator 7, a cable, a connecting pipe and a data comprehensive processing platform 1; the number of the plugs is two, the two plugs are arranged in sequence, and each plug is provided with an air bag 11; the measurement probe 8 is arranged between the two plugs; the pressure supply device 6 is electrically connected with the generator 7 through a cable, and the pressure supply device 6 is also connected with the water vapor exchange chamber 2 through a connecting pipe; one end of the air duct 5 is connected with a pressure supply device 6, the other end of the air duct passes through one plug and then is connected with a telescopic air duct 10, and the other end of the telescopic air duct 10 passes through the other plug; one end of the water guide pipe 12 is connected with the water vapor exchange chamber 2, the other end of the water guide pipe passes through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and the other end of the telescopic water guide pipe 9 passes through the other plug; the flow monitoring meter 3 is arranged on a water guide pipe 12 connected with the water vapor exchange chamber 2; the data comprehensive processing platform 1 is respectively connected with the measuring probe 8 and the flow monitoring meter 3 through cables.
The pressure supply device 6, the generator 7, the water vapor exchange chamber 2, the flow monitoring meter 3 and the data comprehensive processing platform 1 are arranged on the ground; the plug carries the measuring probe 8, the telescopic water guide pipe 9, the telescopic air guide pipe 10, the water guide pipe 12 and one end of the air guide pipe 5 to penetrate into a drill hole vertically arranged from the ground.
The plug comprises a first plug and a second plug which are arranged in sequence; the air duct 5 and the water guide pipe 12 parallelly penetrate through the air bag 11 of the first plug and then are respectively connected with the telescopic air duct 10 and the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and the lower ends of the telescopic air duct 10 and the telescopic water guide pipe 9 parallelly penetrate through the air bag 11 of the second plug until reaching the bottom of the air bag 11 of the second plug; scales are respectively arranged on the air duct 5 and the water guide pipe 12.
The air duct 5 is provided with a plurality of air vents 13 on the tube body in the air bag 11 of the first embolism, and the lower end of the telescopic air duct 10 is also provided with a plurality of air vents 13 on the tube body penetrating into the air bag 11 of the second embolism.
The telescopic water guide pipe 9 is provided with a plurality of water guide holes 14 on the pipe body between the two plugs.
The middle of the bottom of the first plug is downwards provided with a measuring probe 8, and the measuring probe 8 comprises a telescopic lead 16, a probe base 15, a water pressure induction ring 17, an LED light source 18, a miniature photogrammetric camera 19, inner-layer toughened glass 20 and outer-layer toughened glass 21.
Measuring probe 8 is fixed with the bottom of first embolism through probe base 15, water pressure response ring 17 sets up in probe base 15 below, flexible wire 16 sets up between probe base 15 and water pressure response ring 17, inlayer toughened glass 20 and outer toughened glass 21 constitute double-deck transparent cavity shell, the bottom of shell is airtight, the top is equipped with the opening, the open-top and the water pressure response ring 17 fixed connection of shell, the inside top of shell and bottom are equipped with the LED light source 18 towards the shell center respectively, shell middle part internal fixation between the LED light source 18 at both ends is equipped with miniature photogrammetric survey camera 19.
The first plug is also provided with a hollow conduit in the air bag 11, the hollow conduit vertically penetrates through the first plug from the middle, and a cable connected with the data comprehensive processing platform 1 penetrates through the conduit and is connected with the telescopic lead 16 and the measuring probe 8 through the probe base 15; the data comprehensive processing platform 1 is provided with a computer.
The generator 7 is a dc or ac generator that supplies ac or dc power to the entire system.
The invention also provides a using method of the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the specific fracture surface hydraulic opening degree, which comprises the following steps: step 1, drilling a borehole vertically downwards on the ground, after arranging a ground device comprising a pressure supply device 6, a generator 7, a water vapor exchange chamber 2, a flow monitoring meter 3 and a data comprehensive processing platform 1, putting a movable double-plug structure consisting of two plugs into the borehole, and judging the position of the plug to be lowered through scale changes on the surfaces of a water guide pipe 12 and an air guide pipe 5; step 2, starting the measuring probe 8 to detect data, continuously returning data obtained by photogrammetry to the data comprehensive processing platform 1 to be processed, accurately positioning the specific fracture structural plane by processing the acquired occurrence data after the position of the specific fracture structural plane is found, and determining the length of a water pressing section by the expansion of the telescopic water guide pipe 9 and the telescopic air guide pipe 10 between plugs; step 3, inflating the air bag 11 of the plug through the air duct 5, starting pressurization after the air bag is tightly contacted with the hole wall of the drilled hole, injecting water through the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and transmitting the water pressure into the data comprehensive processing platform 1 in real time through a water pressure induction ring 17 in the measuring probe 8; and 4, transmitting the water flow pressed into the specific fracture structural surface into the data comprehensive processing platform 1 in real time through the flow monitor 3, and calculating the hydraulic opening of the single fracture structural surface at the position by combining the previously transmitted data.
The in-situ water pressure test system for specific hydraulic opening of the fracture surface provided by the invention is further described below by combining the embodiment.
Example 1
An in-situ water pressing test system for hydraulic opening of a specific crack surface comprises a water vapor exchange chamber 2, a flow monitoring meter 3, a measuring probe 8, a plug, an air bag 11, a telescopic water guide pipe 9, a telescopic air guide pipe 10, a water guide pipe 12, an air guide pipe 5, a pressure supply device 6, a generator 7, a cable, a connecting pipe and a data comprehensive processing platform 1.
The pressure supply device 6 is electrically connected with the generator 7 through a cable, and the pressure supply device 6 is also connected with the water vapor exchange chamber 2 through a connecting pipe. The pressure supply device 6 is a compressed air pressurizer, supplies air to the water vapor exchange chamber 2 through a connecting pipe, also supplies air to the air guide pipe 5, and controls the precision and the measuring range of the pressure supply device 6 by two rotatable valves respectively, wherein the maximum measuring range is 10MPa, and the precision is 1 kPa.
The water vapor exchange chamber 2 can continuously and smoothly press water flow into the crack structural surface at a specific position through the pressure provided by the pressure supply device 6.
The generator 7 is a dc or ac generator that supplies ac or dc power to the entire system. Preferably, the high-power direct current and alternating current generator can provide alternating current and direct current with a large transformation range.
The embolism is equipped with two, and two embolisms set gradually, and every embolism is equipped with gasbag 11 respectively.
One end of the air duct 5 is connected with the pressure supply device 6, the other end of the air duct passes through a plug and then is connected with the telescopic air duct 10, and the other end of the telescopic air duct 10 passes through another plug.
One end of the water guide pipe 12 is connected with the water vapor exchange chamber 2, the other end of the water guide pipe passes through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and the other end of the telescopic water guide pipe 9 passes through the other plug.
The flow rate monitor 3 is provided on a water conduit 12 connected to the water vapor exchange chamber 2. The flow monitoring meter 3 is preferably a high-precision flow monitoring meter 3, can provide real-time flow monitoring with the precision of 10E-3ml/s, and quickly transmits monitoring data to the data comprehensive processing platform 1 for processing.
The plug comprises a first plug and a second plug which are arranged in sequence.
The air duct 5 and the water guide pipe 12 parallelly penetrate through the air bag 11 of the first plug and then are respectively connected with the telescopic air duct 10 and the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and the lower ends of the telescopic air duct 10 and the telescopic water guide pipe 9 parallelly penetrate through the air bag 11 of the second plug until the bottom of the air bag 11 of the second plug.
Scales are respectively arranged on the air duct 5 and the water guide pipe 12. The lower ends of the telescopic air duct 10 and the telescopic water guiding pipe 9 are respectively a lower air duct and a lower water guiding pipe. The surface of the air duct 5 is provided with mm-level scale marks, and the position of the single-crack structural surface can be accurately obtained in real time through the descending length of the movable plug. The surface of the water guide pipe 12 is provided with mm-level scale marks, and the position of the single-crack structural surface can be accurately obtained in real time through the descending length of the movable plug.
The telescopic water guide pipe 9 is made of a novel alloy material, the length of the water pressing section can be controlled through telescopic change, and water is injected to the position of a specific crack surface through a small hole in the hole wall after the water pressing section is fixed. The telescopic air duct 10 is made of a novel alloy material, can control the length of the water pressing section through telescopic change together with the telescopic water duct, and inflates the air bag 11 through small holes in the hole wall after the water pressing section is fixed, so that the air bag expands to plug the upper end and the lower end of the water pressing section.
The air duct 5 is provided with a plurality of air vents 13 on the tube body in the air bag 11 of the first embolism, and the lower end of the telescopic air duct 10 is also provided with a plurality of air vents 13 on the tube body penetrating into the air bag 11 of the second embolism. The air vent 13 can rapidly introduce the air pressure of the pressure supply device 6 into the air bag 11. The balloon 11 of the plug can be expanded outwardly. The air bag 11 is preferably made of memory rubber, and can be tightly combined with the uneven hole wall when being expanded, so that the sealing performance of the pressurized water test section during high-pressure water injection is greatly enhanced.
The telescopic water guide pipe 9 is provided with a plurality of water guide holes 14 on the pipe body between the two plugs. The water guide hole 14 can stably and uniformly press a water source in the water supply device into a water pressing test section where a specific crack surface is located.
The measurement probe 8 is disposed between the two plugs.
The middle of the bottom of the first plug is downwards provided with a measuring probe 8, and the measuring probe 8 comprises a telescopic lead 16, a probe base 15, a water pressure induction ring 17, an LED light source 18, a miniature photogrammetric camera 19, inner-layer toughened glass 20 and outer-layer toughened glass 21. The measuring probe 8 is preferably a multi-kinetic energy photogrammetric probe 8 which mainly comprises a water pressure sensing part, a two-section LED illuminating part and a photogrammetric part and can move up and down and rotate 360 degrees in a drilling hole.
Measuring probe 8 is fixed with the bottom of first embolism through probe base 15, water pressure induction ring 17 sets up in probe base 15 below, flexible wire 16 sets up between probe base 15 and water pressure induction ring 17, inlayer toughened glass 20 and outer toughened glass 21 constitute double-deck transparent cavity shell, the bottom of shell is airtight and set the round head formula to, the top is equipped with the opening, the open-top and the water pressure induction ring 17 fixed connection of shell, the inside top of shell and bottom are equipped with the LED light source 18 towards the shell center respectively, shell middle part internal fixation between the LED light source 18 at both ends is equipped with miniature photogrammetry camera 19.
The water pressure induction ring 17 is an annular water pressure sensor, can monitor the change of water pressure of a water pressure test section in the water injection process in real time, and transmits data back to the ground data comprehensive processing platform 1. The probe base 15 is rotatable through 360 degrees when the photogrammetric probe 8 is in operation. The telescoping lead 16 allows the probe to move up and down while working in the borehole. The LED light source 18 is preferably a two-segment LED light source with two LED lamp tubes, is positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the miniature photogrammetric camera 19, and can provide light sources with uniform brightness for the shooting part of the camera, so that the parameters can be accurately extracted conveniently. The micro photogrammetric camera 19 can accurately extract the occurrence parameters of the crack surface where the shooting part is located, and transmit the obtained data information back to the ground data comprehensive processing platform 1 in real time. The inner ply of toughened glass 20 is preferably high transparency toughened glass on the inner ply, providing a first layer of protection for the LED light sources 18 and the miniature photogrammetric camera 19. The outer layer of toughened glass 21 is preferably high transparency toughened glass on the outside to provide a second layer of protection for the LED light source 18 and the miniature photogrammetric camera 19 to ensure that the equipment inside the glass is not damaged in the high water pressure environment during water flooding.
The first plug is also provided with a hollow catheter in the air bag 11, the hollow catheter penetrates through the first plug from the middle up and down, and a cable connected with the data comprehensive processing platform 1 penetrates through the catheter and is connected with the telescopic lead 16 and the measuring probe 8 through the probe base 15.
The data comprehensive processing platform 1 is respectively connected with the measuring probe 8 and the flow monitoring meter 3 through cables. The data comprehensive processing platform 1 is provided with a computer. The data comprehensive processing platform 1 is preferably a data comprehensive processing platform 1 developed based on a hydraulics basic principle, and can process various data (such as structural plane attitude, water pressure and the like) measured by a probe and quickly obtain the hydraulic opening of a fracture structural plane at a specific position.
The cable is a sensing cable 4 and can accurately transmit data obtained by a measuring probe 8 and the like to the data comprehensive processing platform 1.
The pressure supply device 6, the generator 7, the water vapor exchange chamber 2, the flow monitoring meter 3 and the data comprehensive processing platform 1 are arranged on the ground; the plug carries the measuring probe 8, the telescopic water guide pipe 9, the telescopic air guide pipe 10, the water guide pipe 12 and one end of the air guide pipe 5 to penetrate into a drill hole vertically arranged from the ground.
The embodiment also provides a use method of the in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the specific hydraulic opening of the fracture surface, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, drilling a borehole vertically downwards on the ground, after arranging a ground device comprising a pressure supply device 6, a generator 7, a water vapor exchange chamber 2, a flow monitoring meter 3 and a data comprehensive processing platform 1, putting a movable double-plug structure consisting of two plugs into the borehole, and judging the position of the plug to be lowered through scale changes on the surfaces of a water guide pipe 12 and an air guide pipe 5.
And 3, inflating the air bag 11 of the plug through the air duct 5, enabling the air bag to be in close and full contact with the hole wall of the drilled hole, pressurizing and injecting water through the telescopic water guide pipe 9, and transmitting the water pressure into the data comprehensive processing platform 1 in real time through a water pressure sensing part, namely a water pressure sensing ring 17, in the measuring probe 8.
And 4, transmitting the water flow pressed into the specific fracture structural surface into the data comprehensive processing platform 1 in real time through the flow monitor 3, and calculating the hydraulic opening of the single fracture structural surface at the position by combining the previously transmitted data. Data transmission and processing procedures, calculation of hydraulic opening, etc. are known to those skilled in the art.
The in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening of the specific fracture surface can quickly measure the hydraulic opening of a single fracture at any position in a field drilling hole; compared with an indoor complex simulation test, the system can obtain the single-crack hydraulic opening closer to the actual condition; the system also has the characteristics of simple operation, high informatization degree and the like, and greatly simplifies the workload of indoor operation.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. An in-situ water pressing test system for hydraulic opening of a specific crack surface is characterized by comprising a water vapor exchange chamber, a flow monitoring meter, a measuring probe, a plug, an air bag, a telescopic water guide pipe, a telescopic air guide pipe, a water guide pipe, an air guide pipe, a pressure supply device, a generator, a cable, a connecting pipe and a data comprehensive processing platform;
the number of the plugs is two, the two plugs are arranged in sequence, and each plug is provided with an air bag;
the measuring probe is arranged between the two plugs; a measuring probe is downwards arranged in the middle of the bottom of the first plug and comprises a telescopic lead, a probe base, a water pressure induction ring, an LED light source, a miniature photogrammetric camera, inner-layer toughened glass and outer-layer toughened glass; the measuring probe is fixed with the bottom of the first plug through the probe base, the water pressure induction ring is arranged below the probe base, the telescopic lead is arranged between the probe base and the water pressure induction ring, the inner-layer toughened glass and the outer-layer toughened glass form a double-layer transparent hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is closed, the top of the shell is provided with an opening, the top opening of the shell is fixedly connected with the water pressure induction ring, the top end and the bottom end of the inside of the shell are respectively provided with an LED light source facing the center of the shell, and a miniature photogrammetric camera is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell between the LED light sources at the;
the pressure supply device is electrically connected with the generator through a cable, and is also connected with the water vapor exchange chamber through a connecting pipe;
one end of the air duct is connected with the pressure supply device, the other end of the air duct penetrates through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic air duct, and the other end of the telescopic air duct penetrates through the other plug;
one end of the water guide pipe is connected with the water vapor exchange chamber, the other end of the water guide pipe penetrates through one plug and then is connected with the telescopic water guide pipe, and the other end of the telescopic water guide pipe penetrates through the other plug;
the plug comprises a first plug and a second plug which are arranged in sequence; the air duct and the water guide pipe parallelly penetrate through the air bag of the first plug and are then respectively connected with the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe, and the lower ends of the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe parallelly penetrate through the air bag of the second plug until the bottom of the air bag of the second plug; scales are respectively arranged on the air duct and the water guide pipe; the surfaces of the gas guide pipe and the water guide pipe are respectively provided with mm-level scale marks, and the position of the single-crack structural surface is accurately obtained in real time through the descending length of the movable plug; the length of the water pressing section is controlled by the telescopic water guide pipe through telescopic change, and water is injected to the position of the specific crack surface through the small hole on the hole wall after the water pressing section is fixed; the length of the water pressing section is controlled by the telescopic change of the telescopic air duct and the telescopic water guide pipe, and the air bag is inflated through the small hole on the hole wall after the water pressing section is fixed, so that the air bag expands and bulges to plug the upper end and the lower end of the water pressing section; the air duct is provided with a plurality of air guide holes on the tube body in the air bag of the first plug, and the lower end of the telescopic air duct is also provided with a plurality of air guide holes on the tube body penetrating into the air bag of the second plug; the air guide hole inflates the air bag through the pressure supply device, the air bag of the plug expands outwards, the air bag is made of memory rubber, and the air bag is tightly combined with the uneven hole wall when expanding;
the flow monitoring meter is arranged on a water guide pipe connected with the water vapor exchange chamber;
the data comprehensive processing platform is respectively connected with the measuring probe and the flow monitoring meter through cables;
a method of using an in-situ water pressurization test system for a specific hydraulic opening of a fracture face, the method comprising:
step 1, drilling a borehole vertically downwards on the ground, placing a movable double-plug structure formed by two plugs into the borehole after arranging a ground device comprising a pressure supply device, a generator, a water vapor exchange chamber, a flow monitoring meter and a data comprehensive processing platform, and judging the position of the plug for lowering through scale changes on the surfaces of a water guide pipe and an air guide pipe;
step 2, starting the measuring probe to perform data detection, continuously returning data obtained by photogrammetry to a data comprehensive processing platform for processing, accurately positioning the specific fracture structural plane by processing the acquired occurrence data after the position of the specific fracture structural plane is found, and determining the length of a water pressing section by the extension of an extension water guide pipe and an extension air guide pipe between plugs;
step 3, inflating the air bag of the plug through the air duct, enabling the air bag of the plug to be in close contact with the hole wall of the drilled hole, pressurizing and injecting water through the telescopic water guide pipe, and transmitting the water pressure to the data comprehensive processing platform in real time through a water pressure induction ring in the measuring probe;
and 4, transmitting the water flow pressed into the specific fracture structural surface into a data comprehensive processing platform in real time through a flow monitor, and calculating the hydraulic opening of the single fracture structural surface at the position by combining the previously transmitted data.
2. The in-situ hydraulic test system for the hydraulic opening degree of a specific fracture surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure supply device, the generator, the water vapor exchange chamber, the flow monitoring meter and the data comprehensive processing platform are arranged on the ground; the plug is provided with a measuring probe, a telescopic water guide pipe, a telescopic air guide pipe and a drill hole which is vertically arranged from the ground downwards, wherein one end of the water guide pipe and one end of the air guide pipe are arranged in the drill hole.
3. The in-situ water pressing test system aiming at the hydraulic opening degree of the specific fracture surface as claimed in claim 2, wherein the telescopic water guide pipe is provided with a plurality of water guide holes on the pipe body between the two plugs.
4. The in-situ hydraulic test system for hydraulic opening of a specific fracture surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first plug is further provided with a hollow conduit in the air bag, the hollow conduit penetrates through the first plug from the middle up and down, a cable connected with the data comprehensive processing platform penetrates through the conduit, and the cable is connected with the telescopic lead and the measuring probe through the probe base; the data comprehensive processing platform is provided with a computer.
5. The in-situ hydraulic testing system for hydraulic opening of a specific fracture surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the generator is a dc/ac generator providing ac/dc power to the whole system.
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| CN110186827B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-07-06 | 河海大学 | Water pressurizing test device and test method |
| CN110286076A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-27 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of packer permeability test device of engineering geological investigation |
| CN110441219A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-12 | 福建融诚检测技术股份有限公司 | Automatic drilling water injection test instrument |
| CN111504872B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-02-19 | 武汉大学 | Variable-opening detachable simulated crack test device and test method |
| CN113375986B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-10-13 | 北京爱地地质勘察基础工程公司 | Air bag type soil gas monitoring well structure and application method thereof |
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