CN109537115B - 一种自发热式皮芯保暖纱线及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自发热式皮芯保暖纱线及其制备方法，所述纱线包括芯层和皮层，其中，芯层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，通过浸渍还原法整理有石墨烯成分；皮层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，其表面附着有金属铜镀层，纱线的皮层纤维经特殊表面处理而具有了良好的导热性能。这样的皮芯结构可以使得热量循环利用，最终实现保暖功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保暖纱线的结构改进，以及制备该纱线的方法。
背景技术
普通纱线所制成的纺织品在低温状态下往往只通过防止人体-织物微环境中的热量散失以达到保暖的效果。虽然传统纱线制造工艺方便快捷，但是在保暖方面不能实现对热量的循环利用。
同时，传统的具有保暖功能的纺织品为达到好的保暖效果往往只是单一增大纺织品的纱线密度，隔绝人体-织物微环境与外界的热量交互，以此来达到保暖的目的，但是较大的纱线密度可能会影响织物的透通性等性质，使人穿着时产生闷热感，进而影响纺织品服用舒适性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述问题，提出一种自发热式皮芯保暖纱线，具有保暖性好及舒适的特点，纱线的芯层纤维经特殊处理具有良好的吸热储热功能，纱线的皮层纤维经特殊表面处理而具有了良好的导热性能。
本发明所提出的一种具有皮芯结构的保暖纱线，其特征在于，所述纱线包括芯层和皮层，其中，
芯层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，通过浸渍还原法整理有石墨烯成分，石墨烯吸热性质好是良好的储热材料，这就使得芯层纤维可以吸收大量人体与织物微环境中向外发散的热量，防止热量流失以达到保暖的功效。
皮层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，其表面附着有金属铜镀层。金属铜具有良好的热传导性，可以将微环境中的热量在人体皮肤与纱线芯层即吸热层之间反复传导，维持微环境恒定温度，最终实现保暖的功效。
在纺纱加捻的过程中，由于每根纤维在加捻时受到的张力不同产生内外层转移，使纱中这部分纤维呈圆锥螺旋形。形态细长的纤维有向纱线芯层转移的趋势，而短粗的纤维则会向纱线的皮层转移，从而形成具有皮芯结构的纱线。
本发明利用纱线加捻纤维转移的规律，在不同尺寸规格的纤维上整理不同的功能性材料，最终形成具有皮芯结构的功能性保暖纱线。当纱线接触人体皮肤时，人体产生的热量经纱线皮层传导至芯层，而芯层所吸收的热量又会传导回人体皮肤，这就使得热量在人体至纱线之间反复传导，循环利用，最终实现保温保暖的目的。
附图说明
图1为自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的横截面示意图。
图2为自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的保暖机理图。
图3为自发热式皮芯保暖纱线加工工艺流程图。
图4为氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯的结构变化图。
图中1是纱线皮层结构，2是纱线芯层结，3是吸收热流，4是传导热流。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面进一步阐述上述技术方案。
上述面料的制备过程大致分为
芯层加工，具体步骤包括
1)清洗，采用丙酮乙醇混合溶液浸泡纤维5～7min，后用蒸馏水清洗；
2)浸渍，利用化学浸渍法与二浸二轧工艺将氧化石墨烯分散液浸渍整理至纤维中，将粗化处理的纤维置于质量百分数为0.8％的氧化石墨烯分散液中，在温度为80℃水浴环境下浸渍150min，之后取出纤维并轧出未被其吸收的氧化石墨烯，接着继续浸渍150min；
3)还原，将浸渍在纤维内的氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯，并将水合肼稀释至16％作为还原剂，在温度为95℃的水浴环境中还原420min；
4)烘干，将制备所得到的含有石墨烯的纤维烘干，最终得到具有良好吸热储热功能的芯层纤维；
皮层加工，具体步骤包括
5)清洗，采用丙酮乙醇混合溶液将烘干后的纤维浸泡5～7min，然后用蒸馏水清洗；
6)表面处理，以经过粗化的纤维为溅射基材进行表面镀膜处理。
进一步的，所述纤维为棉纤维或人造纤维。
进一步的，芯层及皮层的粗化反应时间为25min。
进一步的，铜镀膜的过程为，将经过粗化处理的棉纱线固定于磁控溅射镀膜机的样品盘上，对棉纱表面进行溅射镀膜化处理，在0.2Pa氩气压强下以10r/min的样品盘转速镀膜30min。下面给出几组具体实施例说明。
进一步的，当所述纤维采用表面光滑的化学纤维时，还应具有粗化步骤，采用浓度为200g/L的NaOH溶液，在75℃下浸泡经过清洗处理的纤维，直至微观下纤维表面形成不平的凹槽或孔洞。
实施例1
选取平均长度为36mm线密度为15旦的粘胶纤维，对其进行清洗、浸渍、还原、烘干处理，加工成具有良好吸热储热性能的芯层纤维。选取平均长度为18mm线密度为30旦的粘胶纤维，对其进行磁控溅射处理，加工成具有良好导热性能的皮层纤维。两种纤维有序混合纺纱，制成具有皮芯结构的保暖纱线。
实施例2
选取长度为20～30mm，平均线密度大致为20旦的超细涤纶丝，对其进行清洗、粗化、浸渍、还原、烘干处理，加工成具有良好吸热储热性能的芯层纤维。
实施例3
选取为10～15mm，线密度100旦的涤纶丝，对其进行磁控溅射处理，加工成具有良好导热性能的皮层纤维。两种纤维有序混合纺纱，制成具有皮芯结构的保暖纱线。
实施例4
选取长度为25—33mm，线密度为15旦的粘胶纤维，对其进行清洗、浸渍、还原、烘干处理，加工成具有良好吸热储热性能的芯层纤维。选取为10—15mm，线密度20旦超细涤纶长丝，对其进行磁控溅射处理，加工成具有良好导热性能的皮层纤维。两种纤维有序混合纺纱，制成具有皮芯结构的保暖纱线。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界。
Claims (5)
1.一种制备自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的方法，所述纱线包括芯层和皮层，其中，芯层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，通过浸渍法整理有石墨烯成分；皮层由具有一定长度和线密度的纤维组成，其表面附着有金属铜镀层，其特征在于，所述方法具体包括如下步骤：
芯层加工，具体步骤包括
1)清洗，采用丙酮乙醇混合溶液浸泡纤维5～7min，后用蒸馏水清洗；
2)粗化，采用浓度为200g/L的NaOH溶液，在75℃下浸泡经过清洗处理的纤维，直至微观下纤维表面形成不平的凹槽或孔洞；
3)浸渍，利用化学浸渍法与二浸二轧工艺将氧化石墨烯分散液浸渍整理至纤维中，将粗化处理后的纤维置于质量百分数为0.8％的氧化石墨烯分散液中，在温度为80℃水浴环境下浸渍150min，之后取出纤维并轧出未被其吸收的氧化石墨烯，接着继续浸渍150min；
4)还原，将浸渍在纤维内的氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯，并将水合肼稀释至16％作为还原剂，在温度为95℃的水浴环境中还原420min；
5)烘干，将制备所得到的含有石墨烯的纤维烘干，最终得到具有良好吸热储热功能的芯层纤维；
皮层加工，具体步骤包括
6)清洗，采用丙酮乙醇混合溶液将烘干后的皮层纤维浸泡5～7min，然后用蒸馏水清洗；
7)表面处理，以经过粗化的皮层纤维为溅射基材进行表面铜镀膜处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的方法，其特征在于，所述皮层纤维及芯层纤维为棉纤维或人造纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的方法，其特征在于，芯层的粗化反应时间为25min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的方法，其特征在于，所述铜镀膜的过程为，将经过粗化处理的芯层纤维固定于磁控溅射镀膜机的样品盘上，对芯层纤维表面进行溅射镀膜化处理，在0.2Pa氩气压强下以10r/min的样品盘转速镀膜30min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备自发热式皮芯保暖纱线的方法，其特征在于，当所述纤维为表面光滑的化学纤维时，芯层及皮层加工中清洗步骤后还包括粗化步骤，采用浓度为200g/L的NaOH溶液，在75℃下浸泡经过清洗处理的纤维，直至微观下纤维表面形成不平的凹槽或孔洞。
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| CN106930096A (zh) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-07 | 山东圣泉新材料股份有限公司 | 一种改性纤维制品、制备方法及其用途 |
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