CN109534903A - A kind of preparation and application of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation and application of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109534903A CN109534903A CN201811618627.8A CN201811618627A CN109534903A CN 109534903 A CN109534903 A CN 109534903A CN 201811618627 A CN201811618627 A CN 201811618627A CN 109534903 A CN109534903 A CN 109534903A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparations and application of a kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: potassium silicate 20.0%~80.0%, remaining is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；Fertilizer of the invention is suitable for acid soil, fertilizer can form distinctive colloform texture with soil particle in acid soil, prevent the loss of fertilizer nutrient, fixed nutrient around crop root, draw on demand, greatly improves the indigenous nutrient supply capacity of crop by crop, ensure crop health fast-growth, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, plant recovery of nutrient is up to 85.0%, the significantly larger than utilization rate of common fertilizer 35.0%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fertilizer field more particularly to a kind of preparations and application of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer.
Background technique
The soil of south China most area is the allitic soil based on laterite, red earth, red soil, yellow earth, rich aluminium
There are a large amount of aluminium ions in soil, and the chemical property of allitic soil reacts acid.Allitic soil is to moisten gas in Perenniporia martius
Under the conditions of time, for the aluminium silicate mineral in the soil body by intensive decomposition, the continuous leaching loss of alkali causes soils in south china in acidity.Acid
The structure of change soil is poor, fertility is low and toxic heavy metal content is high, has seriously affected the healthy growth of crop, and threaten grain
Safety and agricultural sustainable development.Through studying, element silicon plays an important role in the growth of plant:
1. silicon is the important element for constructing plant.Silicon is the important nutrient of plant, contains silicon in most of plant.
The ratio that silicon accounts in plant dry matter is 0.1~20.0%.
2. silicon is adjustable the photosynthesis and transpiration of crop, photosynthetic efficiency is improved, the transpiration on blade face is reduced,
Enhance the drought resisting of crop, resist xeothermic and anti-seismic design, the cauline leaf of crop can be made straight and upright, reduce shading, chlorophyll content is big
Big to increase, leaf photosynthesis is reinforced.
3. silicon can be such that aeration in crop body enhances.Silicon content increases in crop body, reinforces crop catheter, promotes
Aeration not only can promote crop root growth, can also prevent the rotten and early ageing of root system.
4. resistant to lodging.Silicon can make crop mechanical tissue cell siliceousization, and cellulose is micro- in the outside cell wall of epidermal cell
It is one tunica fibrosa of silicon that group's hole is full of by silica gel, forms the siliceous double-layer structure of cutin one with cuticula, enhances cauline leaf hardness.
5. Resistant reduces harm.After crop absorbs silicon, silicified cell is formed in vivo, adds cauline leaf cells of superficial layer wall
Thickness, cuticula increase, and parasitic germ mycelia and pest are difficult to invade, to improve insect prevention disease resistance.
6. silicon is adjustable soil, eliminates pollution.Silicon can improve soil, adjust the pH value of soil, improve organic fertilizer function,
Inhibit soil germ, chesson, anti-continuous cropping.
7. the Quality Element that silicon is crop.Play the role of improving quality of agricultural product, convenient for storage and transport.
8. inhibiting heavy metal activity, the murder by poisoning of heavy metal is reduced.This product is applied in acid soil can increase soil pair
The absorption of heavy metal, and then the validity of heavy metal is reduced, alleviate the murder by poisoning of heavy metal on plants, and change a huge sum of money in plant
The fractions distribution of category influences its activity and transfer ability.
Although element silicon is put into growth to plant and is very beneficial, it is directed to the silicon type fertilizer of acid soil currently on the market
Also seldom, it is badly in need of exploitation new product.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and providing a kind of system of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer
Standby and application, can effectively improve soil, adjust the pH value of soil, achieve the purpose that soil conservation
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer, it includes the raw material of following weight percent: potassium silicate 20.0%~
80.0%, remaining is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate,
It is zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 0~10.0 part of general calcium, 0~20.0 part of coarse whiting,
0~10.0 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0~5.0 part of ammonium nitrate, 0~9.0 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0~10.0 part of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride 0~
10.0 parts, 0~10.0 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0~10.0,0~19.0 part of potassium sulfate, 0~10.0 part of potassium nitrate,
0~8.0 part of potassium chloride, 10.0~20.0 parts of humic acid urea, 3.0~6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, 0~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 0
~0.5 part, 0~0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0~0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0~0.3 part of borax, 0~0.3 part of ammonium molybdate；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
Further, it includes the raw material of following weight percent: potassium silicate 80%, remaining is 20% to be organic and inorganic multiple
Hefei material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate,
It is zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 10.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, phosphoric acid one
10.0 parts of ammonium, 5.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 9.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10.0
Part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10.0,19.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 20.0 parts of humic acid urea, auxiliary agent
6.0 parts, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
Further, it includes the raw material of following weight percent: potassium silicate 60%, remaining is 40% to be organic and inorganic multiple
Hefei material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate,
It is zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 5.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, phosphoric acid one
5.0 parts of ammonium, 5.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 8.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphorus
Sour hydrogen dipotassium 10.0,15.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 8.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 15.0 parts of humic acid urea, 5.0 parts of auxiliary agent,
0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
Further, it includes the raw material of following weight percent: potassium silicate 20%, remaining is 80% to be organic and inorganic multiple
Hefei material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate,
It is zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 8.0 parts of general calcium, 15.0 parts of coarse whiting, phosphoric acid one
6.0 parts of ammonium, 4.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 9.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 10.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 9,18.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 18.0 parts of humic acid urea, 6.0 parts of auxiliary agent,
0.8 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
A kind of preparation method of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer, it the following steps are included:
Step 1, the preparation of mixture: according to the parts by weight meter of claim 1, weigh potassium silicate 20%~80%, its
Remaining is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent, crushes, after evenly mixing, obtains mixture；
The mass fraction of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 0~10.0 part of general calcium, 0~20.0 part of coarse whiting, phosphorus
0~10.0 part of sour monoammonium, 0~5.0 part of ammonium nitrate, 0~9.0 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0~10.0 part of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride 0~10.0
Part, 0~10.0 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0~10.0,0~19.0 part of potassium sulfate, 0~10.0 part of potassium nitrate, chlorination
0~8.0 part of potassium, 10.0~20.0 parts of humic acid urea, 3.0~6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, 0~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 0~
0.5 part, 0~0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0~0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0~0.3 part of borax, 0~0.3 part of ammonium molybdate
Step 2, the preparation of fertiliser granulates: mixture made from step 1 being sent into pelletizer and is granulated, and obtains potassium silicate mistake
Kong Xing compound fertilizer.
A kind of application of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer, it is applied in the fertilizer of acid soil.
Fertilizer of the invention is suitable for acid soil, and fertilizer can form distinctive colloid with soil particle in acid soil
Structure prevents the loss of fertilizer nutrient, and fixed nutrient around crop root, draw on demand by crop, greatly improves supporting for crop
Point deliverability ensures crop health fast-growth, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and plant recovery of nutrient is up to 85.0%, much high
In the utilization rate of common fertilizer 35.0%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, potassium silicate functional form fertilizer of the invention is using potassium silicate as raw material, and potassium silicate applies in acid soil and meets water decomposition
At silica gel, silica gel absorption soil ion forms crumb structure, adsorbs water and nutrient, increases soil aperture, improves soil permeability,
It can coordinate the contradiction of consumption and the accumulation of nutrient in the contradiction and the soil organism of moisture and air, energy stable soil temperature is adjusted
The hot situation of section soil, improvement tilth is stretched with crop root is conducive to, while rainy season rainfall can be prevented excessive, causes water and soil and nutrient
Loss.
2, it is between 7~9 that potassium silicate functional form fertilizer of the invention, which is alkalescent fertilizer pH, and crop receives journey to the fertilizer
Degree is stronger, and the main component of fertilizer is in activation period within the scope of the pH, is easy to be absorbed by crops utilization, while adjusting soil
PH value.
3, potassium silicate fertilizers of the invention can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and the Fertilizer nutrient element species are abundant, in silicon
While glue forms crumb structure, other nutrients are also brought into, supplement soil nutrient, while also avoiding the loss of fertilizer.
4, potassium silicate fertilizers of the invention inhibit heavy metal activity, and then reduce the validity of heavy metal, reduce weight
Murder by poisoning of the metal to plant, and change the fractions distribution of heavy metal in plant.
5, this product is adjustable the photosynthesis and transpiration of crop, improves photosynthetic efficiency, reduces the transpiration on blade face
Effect, enhances the drought resisting of crop, resists xeothermic and anti-seismic design, the cauline leaf of crop can be made straight and upright, reduces shading, and chlorophyll contains
Amount greatly increases, and leaf photosynthesis is reinforced.After Fertilizer in Rice silicon, blade angle shrinks 25.4 degree, and canopy photosynthetic organ improves
10.0% or more.
6, this product can be such that aeration in crop body enhances.Silicon content increases in crop body, reinforces crop catheter,
Promote aeration, not only can promote crop root growth, can also prevent the rotten and early ageing of root system.
7, resistant to lodging.This product can make crop mechanical tissue cell siliceousization, fiber in the outside cell wall of epidermal cell
It is one tunica fibrosa of silicon that plain micelle hole is full of by silica gel, forms the siliceous double-layer structure of cutin one with cuticula, increases cauline leaf hardness
By force.Since the stalk of crop is straight, lodging tolerance is made to improve 80.0%.
8, this product energy Resistant reduces harm.After crop absorbs silicon, silicified cell is formed in vivo, makes cauline leaf surface layer
Cell wall thickeies, and cuticula increases, and parasitic germ mycelia and pest are difficult to invade, to improve insect prevention disease resistance, especially
To banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, planthopper, leaf spot, stem rot, small viscous sclerotiniose, bacterial leaf-blight and snout moth's larva, wheat powdery mildew, rust
The pest and disease damages incidences such as disease, wheat fly, bollworm have to be declined by a relatively large margin.
9, promote the effective use of nutrient.It is flourishing to apply this product crop root, robust plant necessarily promotes crop effectively
It is right using soil nutrient, and containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon and other Meso- and micro-nutrients necessary to plant growth in this product
Crop provides compound nutritional effect.
10, this product fertilizer is adjustable soil, eliminates pollution.This product is alkaline fertilizer, can improve soil, adjust soil
PH value improves organic fertilizer function, inhibits soil germ, chesson, anti-continuous cropping.
11, the silicon contained by this product is the Quality Element of crop.It is sweetless to be able to solve watermelon, rice, wheat be not fragrant, yellow
The problems such as melon is one large one small.Play the role of improving quality of agricultural product, convenient for storage and transport.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but is not limited to the content on specification.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of compound:
In parts by weight, potassium silicate 60.0%, 5.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, 5.0 parts of monoammonium phosphate, nitre are weighed
5.0 parts of sour ammonium, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 8.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
10.0,15.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 8.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 15.0 parts of humic acid urea, 5.0 parts of auxiliary agent, zinc sulfate
0.3 part, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax are crushed, after evenly mixing, obtain mixture.
(2) preparation of fertiliser granulates:
Above-mentioned mixture is sent into pelletizer and is granulated, potassium silicate type compound fertilizer is obtained.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of compound:
In parts by weight, weigh potassium silicate 80.0%, 10.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, 10.0 parts of monoammonium phosphate,
5.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 9.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 10.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen two
Potassium 10.0,19.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 20.0 parts of humic acid urea, 6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, sulfuric acid
0.3 part of zinc, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax, are crushed after evenly mixing, obtain mixture.
(2) preparation of fertiliser granulates:
Above-mentioned mixture is sent into pelletizer and is granulated, potassium silicate type compound fertilizer is obtained.
Embodiment 3
(1) preparation of compound:
In parts by weight, potassium silicate 20.0%, 8.0 parts of general calcium, 15.0 parts of coarse whiting, 6.0 parts of monoammonium phosphate, nitre are weighed
4.0 parts of sour ammonium, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 9.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 10.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
9,18.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 18.0 parts of humic acid urea, 6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, manganese sulfate 0.8
Part, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate, are crushed after evenly mixing, obtain mixture.
(2) preparation of fertiliser granulates:
Above-mentioned mixture is sent into pelletizer and is granulated, potassium silicate type compound fertilizer is obtained.
Humic acid urea of the invention is existing humic acid urea, can be bought from market.
Fertilizer of the invention is suitable for acid soil, and fertilizer can form distinctive colloid with soil particle in acid soil
Structure prevents the loss of fertilizer nutrient, and fixed nutrient around crop root, draw on demand by crop, greatly improves supporting for crop
Point deliverability ensures crop health fast-growth, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and plant recovery of nutrient is up to 85.0%, much high
In the utilization rate of common fertilizer 35.0%.
Illustrate below with reference to specific testing example.
Test one: the potassium silicate control of the embodiment of the present invention 1 lose utilization 1 of the fertile compound fertilizer on wheat, experimental period and
Place
Test arrangement is carried out in 2017.10-2018.03 in the Chuxiong Prefecture Wuding county township Bai Lu.
2, experimental design
Test designs 2 processing altogether, and 3 repetitions are arranged in each processing, carries out according to 50kg/ mus of doses, specifically such as
Under:
Processing 1: conventional fertilizer application
Processing 2: conventional fertilizer application+potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer
3, wheat principal biological character
The biological character respectively handled see the table below.Plant height, number of productive ear, spike length, grain number per spike, in terms of, show
Model is much higher than control.
The biological character table that table 1 is respectively handled
4, wheat yield
The yield respectively handled see the table below.Setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, actual production, in terms of, demonstration is superior to
Control, demonstration increase production 107.13kg than control per acre, and rate of growth improves 23.97%.
The rate schedule that table 2 is respectively handled
Test two: influence one, material and side of the fertile compound fertilizer to cured tobacco production are lost in the potassium silicate control of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Method
1.1 demonstration places
1.1.1 demonstration area and its climate characteristic
The town the Jie Tou village Jie Ming, Baoshan City Tengchong city, preceding to be used as rape, preceding applications of farmyard manure of making is primary, amount of application 500kg/
Mu.Demonstration area weather belongs to southwest monsoon area subtropical zone plateau climate type, low latitudes High aititude, and Winter Dry warms up short of rain, summer
Abundant rainfall, 15.9 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, annual rainfall 988.2mm, latitude is N25 ° 27 ' 31 ", E98 ° 37 ' 49 of longitude ", sea
Pull out 1540m.
1.1.2 demonstration area physiochemical properties of soil
Consolidation was carried out before the village Jie Ming, whole soil is more smooth, and soil types is loam, and quality is clay soil,
It is more loose, there are a small amount of sandstone, middle fertility.
1.2 exemplary materials
For trying tobacco seedlings: selecting cloud and mist 87 for kind of demonstrating, sow within 25 days 2 months, seedling raising manners are floating seedlings, seedling age 56
It, leaf-cutting number 3 times.
For trying fertilizer: potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer is provided by Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd..
1.3 experimental design
It is studied using the mode that same field compares, with potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer is applied in the contrast district of field, to work as
The same type region of ground conventional fertilizer application is check plot, test in addition to fertilizer application is different, other production management measures etc. all in accordance with
Local sound tobacco production standard executes.
1.4 fertilizer application
Demonstration and control fertilizer application such as the following table 3:
3 demonstration area fertilizer application of table
1.4 survey items and method
1.4.1 meteorological data is investigated
Between the temperature and rainfall progress investigation statistics flue-cured tobacco growing stage.
1.4.2 breeding time is investigated
Observation records demonstration and compares complete 50% cigarette strain of field and reaches group, prosperous growth, budding, bind, adopting the fertility such as roasting respectively
Phase progress, the influence that record application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer is in progress to flue-cured tobacco breeding time.
1.4.3 transplanting survival rate is investigated
7 days after transplanting, investigation statistics are carried out to the transplanting survival rate of demonstration and control.
1.4.4 tobacco-growing soil physicochemical character is investigated
A mixed soil sample is experimental field acquired in range before transplanting, 8-10 point or so can represent this area
Soil fertility；It adopts and is demonstrating after baking, compareing each 1, acquisition mixed soil sample, amount to 3 pedotheques, to soil pH value, have
Machine matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, effectively middle microelement (Ca, Fe, S, Cu, Mg, Zn, B
Deng), soil Water soluble chloride ion, soil nitrate-N, the Wuli-Shili-Renli system approach such as cation exchange capacity (CEC) tested and analyzed, understand
Change of the application control mistake type function compound fertilizer to the physicochemical character of soil.
1.4.5 economical character is investigated
In transplanting time, balance, group's phase, prosperous growth phase, squaring period, the phase of binding, demonstration and control are selected 15 plants at random respectively and are had
Representative cigarette strain, according to YC/T 142-2010 tobacco economical character investigation measurement method investigation, Observe and measure plant height, stem girth,
The number of blade, each position maximum leaf length in cigarette strain upper, middle and lower and width etc..
1.4.6 disease a situation arises investigation
According to the classification of GB/T 23222-2008 tobacco pest and disease damage and investigation method, demonstration and control are carried out respectively common
Disease system investigation, and count the sick grade index of each disease.
1.4.7 economic characters are investigated
Demonstration and control tobacco leaf are adopted roasting respectively in normal mature, are classified, are paid according to same standard.Statistics is everywhere
Manage flue-cured tobacco economic characters, including per mu yield, per mu yield value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio, better-than-average cigarette ratio.
1.4.8 quality of tobacco is analyzed
Demonstration and control choose representational cigarette strain positioning listing mark respectively and leave and take inferior leads, middle leaf, upper leaf,
It adopts and is compiled after baking, the tobacco leaf of 2kg is respectively stayed according to position, carry out routine chemical components analysis, physical appearance detection and sense organ
Quality evaluation.
2 demonstration programs and record
2.1 transplanting
Transplanting time is May 2.Seeding row spacing is 120cm, and strain spacing is 50cm, and planting density is 1100 plants per acre.
2.2 intertillage management
June 3 film ridging was taken off, is earthed up using small-size rotary tiller, second of weeding work is carried out after ridging, is manually aided with
Herbicide two ways.
2.3, which bind, prunes
It June 28, binds prune for the first time, bind by hand and apply bud picking and move back butralin.
It July 5, binds prune for the second time, bind by hand and apply bud picking and move back butralin.
Thereafter it is bound on a small scale for several times to minority slow cigarette strain of buddingging and smears Suckering agents.3, result and analysis
The 3.1 application fat influences to flue-cured tobacco transplanting survival rate of potassium silicate control mistake type compound
As can be seen from Table 4 demonstration area survival rate be greater than check plot, illustrate potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer mention seedling effect compared with
It is good conventional better than local.
4 demonstration area tobacco seedlings transplanting survival rate of table
| Processing | 7 days tobacco seedlings survival rates (%) after transplanting |
| Demonstration | 100 |
| Control | 98 |
Influence of the 3.2 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to flue-cured tobacco growing stage
The growing stage statistics demonstrated and compareed from table 5 is as can be seen that apply the processing of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer
Breeding time is opposite in advance, illustrates that the plant recovery of nutrient for applying dedicated control mistake type function compound fertilizer is higher, number of dropouts is few.
5 demonstration area growing stage of table statistics
Influence of the 3.3 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to field growing way appearance
The growing way appearance investigation result of demonstration area flue-cured tobacco primary growth stage cigarette strain is shown in Table 6.As can be seen from the table entire
During grown in field, demonstration area and the substantially suitable no significant difference of check plot field growing way appearance.Show that applying potassium silicate control loses
Type compound fertilizer is on field growing way without influence.
6 demonstration area variable rate technology of table
Influence of the 3.4 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to flue-cured tobacco economical character
The survey showed that for the economical character of demonstration area and check plot cigarette strain:
Group's phase: plant height, stem girth, pitch, the single plant number of sheets and each position length and width of demonstration area and check plot are almost the same.
The prosperous growth phase: the plant height of demonstration area, diameter enclose, each position blade length and width of pitch and each portion's leaf and single-strain blade number with it is right
It is almost the same according to area.
Squaring period: the plant height of demonstration area, diameter enclose, each position blade length and width of pitch and each portion's leaf and single-strain blade number with it is right
It is almost the same according to area.
After binding: the plant height of demonstration area, single-strain blade number are bigger than check plot.And each position leaf length and width and check plot basic one
It causes.
The comprehensive group's of shifting phase, prosperous growth phase, squaring period and after binding from the point of view of the economical character of demonstration area and check plot, demonstration area
Plant height after leaves number and topping can be effectively increased increases income from side.
Table 7 is demonstrated each period economical character
Influence of the 3.5 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to cigarette strain resistance
A situation arises and disease incidence see the table below 8 for demonstration and control disease.It demonstrates and compares as can be seen from the table and is main
Disease is target spot and weather spot disease, and disease incidence is higher, both greater than 50%, and have a small amount of black neck disease, three kinds of demonstration area
The disease incidence of disease is below Routine control, and demonstration area occurs without black neck disease, shows to apply potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer energy
It is enough to improve cigarette strain disease resistance to a certain extent, inhibit the generation of black neck disease, reduces the generation of disease.
Table 8 demonstrate disease a situation arises statistics
Influence of the 3.6 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to former cigarette presentation quality
The presentation quality of cured tobacco leaf is the external reflection of inherent quality of tobacco leaf, the good tobacco leaf of presentation quality, generally in it
It is also relatively preferable in quality.From the tobacco leaf Evaluation on Appearance Quality result (being shown in Table 9) of the former cigarette of different disposal it can be seen that demonstration and
To impinging upon, the presentation qualities such as maturity, gloss, oil aspect is similar, and without apparent difference, weight per leaf demonstration is better than control.
9 different disposal original cigarette Evaluation on Appearance Quality of table
| Processing | Maturity | Color | Gloss | Oil |
| Demonstration | Well | It is yellowish | It is glossy | Well |
| Control | Well | It is yellowish | It is glossy | Well |
Influence of the 3.7 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to tobacco leaf economic characters
Applying dedicated potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer as can be seen from Table 10 can be improved the economic characters of tobacco leaf, improve per mu yield
Value, per mu yield and first-class cigarette ratio improve income.
The demonstration economic characters statistics of table 10
Influence of the 3.8 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical ingredient
Middle part cigarette tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition analysis result is demonstrated and compareed from table 11 can be seen that demonstration middle part cigarette total reducing sugar
Content is higher, and content of reducing sugar is lower, and total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium oxide content are higher, and Water soluble chloride ion and content of starch are lower；
Preferably, cigarette total sugar content is extremely low in the middle part of control tobacco leaf for whole tobacco leaf harmony demonstration.
The demonstration of table 11 and control middle part cigarette tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical ingredient
Influence of the 3.9 application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizers to tobacco leaf physical characteristic
Middle part cigarette tobacco leaf physical characteristic is demonstrated and compareed from table 12 can be seen that demonstration middle part tobacco leaf rate containing stalk, thickness, list
Ye Chong, surface density and equilibrium moisture content are above control, illustrate that applying potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer raising middle part cigarette is averaged
The thickness that tobacco leaf is improved while weight per leaf and rate containing stalk.
The demonstration of table 12 and control middle part cigarette tobacco leaf physical characteristic
4, conclusion and discussion
From the point of view of economical character, variable rate technology and former cigarette presentation quality, demonstration area decided advantage is compared check plot, is shown
Model area is neat in each period growing way that cigarette strain is given birth to, and the number of blade is more, and cigarette strain is sturdy, and field pest and disease damage is less, and farming operations are more
It is convenient, to reduce input cost.Although more to collecting period rainfall after transplanting, demonstration area is influenced less, cigarette
Strain can normally fall Huang.In terms of former cigarette presentation quality, demonstration area and check plot difference are little, and weight per leaf demonstration area cigarette strain is apparently higher than
Check plot cigarette strain.
From the point of view of economic characters, each economic indicator in demonstration area is above control, illustrates to apply potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer
Quality of tobacco can be improved, improve flue-cured tobacco economic value.From the point of view of tobacco leaf physical characteristic, application potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer can be bright
The aobvious mean univalent functions weight for improving middle part cigarette, but tobacco leaf rate containing stalk and moisture content are improved simultaneously, the weight for improving weight per leaf is higher than
Rate containing stalk improves the industrial applicability of middle part cigarette.
Obviously, above embodiment of the invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be
Restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description also
It can make other variations or changes in different ways.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.It is all to belong to this
The obvious changes or variations that the technical solution of invention is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer, it is characterised in that: it includes the raw material of following weight percent: potassium silicate
20.0%~80.0%, remaining is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulphur
Sour ammonium, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
It is zinc, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 0~10.0 part of general calcium, 0~20.0 part of coarse whiting, phosphoric acid
0~10.0 part of monoammonium, 0~5.0 part of ammonium nitrate, 0~9.0 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0~10.0 part of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride 0~10.0
Part, 0~10.0 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0~10.0,0~19.0 part of potassium sulfate, 0~10.0 part of potassium nitrate, chlorination
0~8.0 part of potassium, 10.0~20.0 parts of humic acid urea, 3.0~6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, 0~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 0~
0.5 part, 0~0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0~0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0~0.3 part of borax, 0~0.3 part of ammonium molybdate；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
2. a kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight hundred
The raw material of point ratio: potassium silicate 80%, remaining 20% is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulphur
Sour ammonium, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
It is zinc, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 10.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate
10.0 parts, 5.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 9.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 10.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10.0,19.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 20.0 parts of humic acid urea, auxiliary agent 6.0
Part, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
3. a kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight hundred
The raw material of point ratio: potassium silicate 60%, remaining 40% is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulphur
Sour ammonium, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
It is zinc, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 5.0 parts of general calcium, 20.0 parts of coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate 5.0
Part, 5.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 8.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen
Dipotassium 10.0,15.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 8.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 15.0 parts of humic acid urea, 5.0 parts of auxiliary agent, sulfuric acid
0.3 part of zinc, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of borax；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
4. a kind of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight hundred
The raw material of point ratio: potassium silicate 20%, remaining 80% is organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent；
Inorganic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is general calcium, coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulphur
Sour ammonium, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
It is zinc, copper sulphate, borax, any several in ammonium molybdate；
Organic component in the organic-inorganic fertilizer material is humic acid urea；
The proportion by weight of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 8.0 parts of general calcium, 15.0 parts of coarse whiting, monoammonium phosphate 6.0
Part, 4.0 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8.0 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 9.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10.0 parts of ammonium chloride, 10.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen
Dipotassium 9,18.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 10.0 parts of potassium nitrate, 8.0 parts of potassium chloride, 18.0 parts of humic acid urea, 6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, manganese sulfate
0.8 part, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate；
The auxiliary agent be the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, dicyandiamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate any one.
5. a kind of preparation method of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it includes
Following steps:
Step 1, the preparation of mixture: according to the parts by weight meter of claim 1, weigh potassium silicate 20%~80%, remaining be
Organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent crush, after evenly mixing, obtain mixture；
The mass fraction of the organic-inorganic fertilizer material, auxiliary agent are as follows: 0~10.0 part of general calcium, 0~20.0 part of coarse whiting, phosphoric acid one
0~10.0 part of ammonium, 0~5.0 part of ammonium nitrate, 0~9.0 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0~10.0 part of ammonium sulfate, 0~10.0 part of ammonium chloride,
0~10.0 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0~10.0,0~19.0 part of potassium sulfate, 0~10.0 part of potassium nitrate, potassium chloride 0
~8.0 parts, 10.0~20.0 parts of humic acid urea, 3.0~6.0 parts of auxiliary agent, 0~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 0~0.5
Part, 0~0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0~0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0~0.3 part of borax, 0~0.3 part of ammonium molybdate；
The preparation of fertiliser granulates: step 2 mixture made from step 1 is sent into pelletizer and is granulated, potassium silicate type out of control is obtained
Compound fertilizer.
6. a kind of application of potassium silicate control mistake type compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is applied to acid
In the fertilizer of property soil.
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| CN114409472A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Tobacco compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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