CN109530177B - Gradient functionalized diamond composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Gradient functionalized diamond composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109530177B CN109530177B CN201811413734.7A CN201811413734A CN109530177B CN 109530177 B CN109530177 B CN 109530177B CN 201811413734 A CN201811413734 A CN 201811413734A CN 109530177 B CN109530177 B CN 109530177B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/587—No clear coat specified some layers being coated "wet-on-wet", the others not
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient functionalized diamond composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of application of superhard composite materials. The composite material is characterized in that a chemical bonding layer (1), a bonding metallurgical bonding layer (2) and a bonding agent transition connection layer (3) are sequentially coated on the surface of diamond single crystal particles (4) from inside to outside to form a gradient functional layer; the components of each layer are respectively a metal, a Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy system and a Fe-Cu binary basic alloy or a Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy in sequence. And coating each layer by adopting a physical method or a chemical method. It is used to sinter with other binding agent to make segment, and then to weld to make cutting, grinding and drilling tool products. The diamond composite material can greatly improve the effective holding capacity of the tool matrix to the diamond, improve the sharpness and the service life of the diamond tool, and improve the effective utilization rate of the diamond to more than 50 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of application of superhard composite materials, and particularly relates to a metal gradient functional material with different effects, which is formed by coating 3 layers on the surface of an artificial diamond single crystal, wherein a chemical bonding layer, a bonding metallurgical bonding layer and a bonding agent connection transition layer are sequentially formed on the surface of diamond, so that the capability of the bonding agent in the diamond product in solidifying and holding the diamond is effectively improved.
Background
The key of the performance of the diamond product is the effective utilization rate of diamond abrasive particles, the core technology of the diamond product is the consolidation holding capacity of a bonding agent consolidation matrix to diamond, namely the mechanical clamping force, and the strength of the holding force is mainly related to the properties of the bonding agent, the wettability to diamond, the consolidation density, the consolidation strength and other factors. Because the surface of the diamond is hard and smooth and has strong chemical inertness, the bonding agent components are difficult to perform effective wetting and chemical combination action on the diamond, so that the diamond is difficult to be effectively consolidated and held, and the performance of the diamond product is greatly hindered. How to effectively improve the consolidation holding power of the bonding agent to the diamond is a common technical difficulty in the diamond product industry at home and abroad. Although the plating technique for metallizing the surface of diamond has been widely used in the industry, such as the most common technique of vacuum micro-evaporation plating of diamond, and the techniques of composite ti-ni plating and cu-plating on the surface of diamond (patent No. CN100376720C), a plating layer with a thickness of several tens of angstroms to several hundreds of angstroms can be formed on the surface of diamond, and a thin physical adhesion layer or a chemical bonding layer can be formed on the surface of diamond by plating elements, the metal plating layer on the surface of diamond often fails to function effectively because of the fluctuation of the quality stability of the plating raw material (such as titanium powder) and the lack of user's mastery capability on the plating technique and process; or although the surface of the diamond can form a chemical bonding layer, the chemical bonding layer is thin, the metallurgical bonding capacity of the chemical bonding layer and a bonding agent of a tire body is insufficient, the tire body cannot effectively hold the diamond, the effective consolidation holding of the bonding agent to the diamond is influenced by the factors, and the utilization rate of the diamond is generally lower than 30%. Therefore, there is still a need in the diamond product industry to solve the problem of stable, continuous and reliable consolidation and holding technology of the bonding agent for diamond formation.
The technology of the invention is to carry out 3 layers of gradient functional coating on the diamond, and sequentially form a 1-time chemical bonding layer, a 2-time bonding metallurgical bonding layer and a 3-time bonding agent transition connecting layer on the diamond interface. The layer 1 realizes effective wetting and chemical bonding of the coating elements to the diamond interface, the layer 2 completes high-strength metallurgical bonding between the diamond interface chemical bonding layer and an outer layer metal bonding agent, and the layer 3 completes transitional connection between the diamond composite particles coated by metallurgy and the matrix components of the product, so that good preset holding is formed on the diamond composite particles, the direct contact holding of the matrix to the diamond in the traditional diamond product is converted into the holding of the matrix to the metal functional layer, the holding property, form and capacity of the matrix to the diamond are fundamentally changed, the holding force of the matrix to the diamond is greatly improved, and the effective utilization rate of the diamond is improved to more than 50%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defect of low holding force of a tire body on diamond in the prior art, provides diamond functionalized composite particles with 3 functional layers, which can form a chemical bonding layer, a bonding metallurgical bonding layer and a bonding agent transition connection layer in sequence from inside to outside at a diamond interface, can effectively realize double holding of the bonding agent on the diamond by chemical bonding and physical clamping, greatly improves the effective utilization rate of the diamond, and improves the sharpness and the service life of a diamond tool.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: firstly, one or two of carbide forming elements Fe, Ti, Cr, W, V and Co are coated on the surface of diamond single crystal particles by a physical method (such as vacuum evaporation coating, sputtering coating or coating film coating) or a chemical method (such as a molten salt reaction coating method) to form a 1-time metal interface chemical bonding layer in a physical adhesion or chemical bonding mode, wherein the chemical bonding layer can be generated in the coating process or in the heating and sintering process after coating, so that the bonding functionalization of a diamond interface is realized. Uniformly coating a layer of 400-mesh fine water-atomized prealloyed powder of a Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn component system outside the 1-time metal interface functional layer to form a 2-time functional layer, coating the diamond particles which are subjected to 1-time functional coating for 2 times by taking an alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% as a binder, and naturally drying after coating. The 2-time functional layer can effectively protect the 1-time functional layer and can form high-strength metallurgical bonding with the 1-time functional layer in the process of sintering the functional layer and a bonding agent to form a block, so that a high-strength connecting bridge between a diamond interface and a basic tire body is erected, and the functional consolidation of the diamond is effectively realized. And (3) coating a layer of water atomized Fe-Cu or Fe-Cu-Sn binary/ternary basic alloy powder outside the 2-time functional layer to form a 3-time functional layer by taking polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 as a binder, and forming good transition combination with metal binders of any other components of the tool matrix, thereby realizing effective combination between the diamond composite particles coated by 2-time functionalization and the matrix basic components. Therefore, the diamond composite particles which are coated by 3 times of functionalization can effectively realize the functionalization transition combination with other bonding agent systems, greatly improve the effective holding capacity of the tool matrix to the diamond and improve the comprehensive efficiency of the diamond tool.
The specific technical scheme of the gradient functionalized diamond composite material is as follows.
A gradient functionalized diamond composite material is characterized in that the surface of diamond single crystal particles 4 is coated with a chemical bonding layer 1; the method is characterized in that a bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 and a bonding agent transition connecting layer 3 are sequentially arranged on the surface of a chemical bonding layer 1 from inside to outside, and the chemical bonding layer 1, the bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 and the bonding agent transition connecting layer 3 form a gradient functional layer; the chemical bonding layer 1 comprises one or two of metals of Fe, Ti, Cr, W, V and Co; the bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 comprises a Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy system and is mixed with an adhesive to realize bonding; the bonding agent transition connection layer 3 comprises a Fe-Cu binary basic alloy or a Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy and is mixed with a bonding agent to realize bonding; wherein, the total mass of the gradient functional layer is 30-50% of the mass of the coated diamond single crystal particles 4, the mass of the chemical bonding layer 1 accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer, the mass of the bonding metallurgy bonding layer 2 accounts for 60-80% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer, and the mass of the bonding agent transition connecting layer 3 accounts for 20-30% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer; the adhesive is polyvinyl pyrrolidone K90 alcohol solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0%.
The diamond single crystal particles 4 are larger particles, and the particle size can be selected to be 170 meshes to be coarse.
The Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy system comprises 50-90% of Fe, 5-35% of Cu, 1-10% of Ni and 0.5-5% of Sn by mass.
The Fe-Cu binary basic alloy comprises 70-90% of Fe and 10-30% of Cu by mass. The Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy comprises, by weight, 70% -90% of Fe, 10% -30% of Cu and 0.5% -3% of Sn.
The specific technical scheme of the preparation method of the gradient functionalized diamond composite material is as follows.
A preparation method of a gradient functionalized diamond composite material comprises the steps of coating a chemical bonding layer 1 on the surface of diamond single crystal particles 4, wherein the coating chemical bonding layer 1 takes one or two kinds of metal powder of Fe, Ti, Cr, W, V and Co as coating raw materials, and the coating is realized by adopting a physical method or a chemical method; the method is characterized in that a bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 and a bonding agent transition connecting layer 3 are sequentially coated on the surface of a chemical bonding layer 1 to form a gradient functional layer on the surface of a diamond single crystal, and the gradient functionalized diamond composite particles are prepared; the coating process of the bonding metallurgy binding layer 2 and the bonding agent transition connection layer 3 adopts polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 alcohol solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% as an adhesive;
the coating bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 is prepared by taking Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder as a coating raw material, mixing and stirring the coating raw material and an adhesive, then coating the mixture on diamond single crystal particles coated with the chemical bonding layer 1 on the surface by adopting rotary coating equipment, and dispersing and naturally drying the mixture;
the coating binding agent transition connection layer 3 is prepared by taking Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder or Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy powder as a coating raw material, mixing and stirring the coating raw material and a binding agent, then coating the mixture on diamond single crystal particles coated with the bonding metallurgical bonding layer 2 on the surface by adopting rotary coating equipment, and dispersing and naturally drying the mixture.
The Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder is preferably 400-mesh pre-alloy powder prepared by a water atomization process; the Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder or the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy powder is preferably 200-mesh prealloy powder prepared by a water atomization process.
The better Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder comprises 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, the better Fe-Cu binary base alloy powder comprises 70% of Fe, 30% of Cu by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, and the bending strength of the powder sintered body is more than 1300 MPa; the better Fe-Cu-Sn ternary base alloy powder comprises 70% of Fe, 27% of Cu and 3% of Sn by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, and the bending strength of a sintered body of the powder is more than 1100 MPa.
The specific technical scheme of the application of the gradient functionalized diamond composite material is as follows.
The application of the gradient functional diamond composite material is that diamond composite particles coated on each functional layer and other bonding agents are sintered to prepare blocks, and then the blocks are welded to prepare cutting, grinding and drilling tools.
The diamond composite particles are used for preparing diamond tool blocks according to the addition of the volume concentration of 9-50%.
And sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 850-890 ℃.
Has the advantages that: the diamond tool can effectively realize the double holding of the bonding agent to the chemical bonding and the physical clamping of the diamond, thereby greatly improving the effective holding capacity of the tool matrix to the diamond, ensuring that diamond particles are not easy to fall off, keeping the stable and continuous processing capacity of the tool, improving the comprehensive efficiency of the diamond tool, improving the sharpness and the service life of the diamond tool, and improving the effective utilization rate of the diamond to more than 50 percent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gradient functionalized diamond composite material of the present invention. In fig. 1, 1 is a chemical bonding layer, 2 is a bonding metallurgical bonding layer, 3 is a bonding agent transition connection layer, and 4 is a diamond single crystal.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
weighing 2000g of artificial diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes and the strength of D60, cleaning, mixing and stirring by adopting a surface coating technology, namely adopting 100g of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 alcoholic solution with the mass fraction of 1% as a liquid adhesive and carbonyl iron powder with the average particle size of 1-3 mu m, coating the diamond in a rotary coating machine, wherein the weight of coated Fe is 20g, forming a functional layer (namely a chemical bonding layer 1) for 1 time on the surface of the diamond, and drying and storing the coated diamond particles in vacuum. A four-component alloy system with 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn in weight proportion is designed by self, 200kg of finished pre-alloyed powder with the granularity of 400 meshes is produced and prepared by a water atomization process, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value is 13-17 mu m, and the bending strength of a sintered powder body is more than 1100 MPa. Weighing 500g of powder, mixing the alloy powder with 50g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of the diamond particles coated with 1 time of functionalization in a rotary coating device to form a 2-time functionalized coating layer (namely a bonded metallurgical bonding layer 2), and dispersing and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles. Weighing 150 g-200 mesh water atomization binary base alloy powder with 70% Fe-30% Cu by weight, wherein the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1300MPa, mixing the powder with 20g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of diamond particles coated with 2 times of functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form a functionalized coating layer (namely a bonding agent transition connection layer 3) for 3 times, and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion, thereby preparing the diamond composite particles coated with 3 times of functionalization.
The functionalized diamond composite particles are adopted to prepare a tooth-division granite small saw blade with phi of 114mm according to the addition of 9% of volume concentration, the saw blade formula comprises 60% of Fe, 28% of Cu, 6% of Ni and 6% of Sn according to the weight percentage, and the diamond composite particles are prepared by sintering in a bell jar furnace with reducing atmosphere at 860 ℃. The saw blade continuously dry-cuts a hard granite plate with the length of 600mm multiplied by 17mm, namely Chinese black, the cutting speed can reach 1.22-1.35 m/min, the speed is improved by more than 20% compared with the speed of a common saw blade by 0.8-1.0 m/min, especially, a self-made saw blade can continuously dry-cut, the cutting speed can be kept continuous and stable in the whole cutting process, the cutting attenuation or failure does not occur, the diamond hardly drops in the effective cutting height range, the defect that the utilization rate of the diamond in the traditional saw blade is less than 30% is overcome, the effective utilization rate of the diamond is improved by more than 50%, the cutting life of the saw blade can reach 120m, and the utilization rate of the diamond is improved by more than 20% compared with the conventional saw blade.
Example 2:
weighing 2000g of artificial diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes and the strength of D60, coating a layer of simple substance Ti on the surface of the artificial diamond by adopting a vacuum micro-evaporation plating technology after cleaning treatment, wherein the weight of the coated Ti is 10g, forming a functional layer (namely a chemical bonding layer 1) for 1 time on the surface of the diamond, and drying and storing the coated diamond particles in vacuum. Weighing 500g of water atomized four-component alloy powder with 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn according to the weight ratio, wherein the powder granularity is 400 meshes below, the oxygen content is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, mixing the alloy powder with 50g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the mixture on the surfaces of diamond particles coated with 1-time functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form 2-time functionalized coating layers (namely, bonding metallurgy bonding layers 2), and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion. Weighing 150 g-200 meshes of water atomized binary base alloy powder with 70% Fe-30% Cu by weight, wherein the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1300MPa, mixing the powder with 20g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the powder on the surfaces of diamond particles which are coated by 2 times of functionalization in coating equipment to form a functionalized coating layer (namely a bonding agent transition connection layer 3) for 3 times, and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion, thereby preparing the diamond composite particles which are coated by 3 times of functionalization.
The functionalized diamond composite particles are adopted to prepare a welded granite saw blade with the diameter of 350mm according to the addition of the volume concentration of 26 percent, the formula of the saw blade comprises 68 percent of Fe, 25 percent of Cu, 2 percent of Sn and 5 percent of Zn, the specification of the saw blade is 22mm (length) x 15mm (height) x 3.2mm (thickness), and the saw blade is sintered on a hot-pressing sintering machine at 850 ℃ to prepare the tool bit. The saw blade is used for wet cutting a medium-hard granite plate, namely Jilin white hemp, with the length of 600mm multiplied by 600mm, the width of 20mm multiplied by 20mm on an automatic bridge type cutting machine, the cutting speed can reach 6.5 to 6.8m/min,compared with the common saw blade, the speed of the saw blade is improved by more than 18 percent by 4.5-5.5 m/min, the cutting speed of the saw blade can be kept continuous and stable in the whole cutting process, no cutting attenuation or failure occurs, the diamond hardly drops in the effective edge-projecting height range, the defect that the utilization rate of diamond in the traditional saw blade is less than 30 percent is overcome, the effective utilization rate of the diamond is improved by more than 50 percent, and the cutting life of the saw blade can reach 220-230 m2Compared with the conventional saw blade, the saw blade is improved by more than 30 percent.
Example 3:
weighing 2000g of artificial diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes and the strength of D60, cleaning, coating a layer of simple substance Cr on the surface of the artificial diamond by a chemical coating technology (such as a molten salt reaction coating method), wherein the weight of the coated Cr is 20g, forming a functional layer (namely a chemical bonding layer 1) for 1 time on the surface of the diamond, and drying and storing the coated diamond particles in vacuum. Weighing 500g of water atomized four-component alloy powder with 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn according to the weight ratio, wherein the powder granularity is 400 meshes below, the oxygen content is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, mixing the alloy powder with 50g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the mixture on the surfaces of diamond particles coated with 1-time functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form 2-time functionalized coating layers (namely, bonding metallurgy bonding layers 2), and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion. Weighing 150 g-200 meshes of water atomized binary base alloy powder with 70% Fe-30% Cu by weight, wherein the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1300MPa, mixing the powder with 20g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of diamond particles coated with 2 times of functionalization in coating equipment to form a functionalized coating layer (namely a bonding agent transition connection layer 3) for 3 times, and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion, thereby preparing the diamond composite particles coated with 3 times of functionalization.
The diamond composite particles coated with the functionalization are adopted to prepare a welded cement saw blade with the diameter of 350mm according to the addition of 38% of volume concentration, the saw blade formula comprises 72% of Fe, 20% of Cu, 2% of Sn and 6% of Ni, the specification of a saw blade tool bit is 40mm (length) x 15mm (height) x 3.4mm (thickness), the tool bit is prepared by sintering on a hot pressing sintering machine at 870 ℃, and then the tool bit is brazed on a steel matrix by adopting copper-based solder to prepare the welded saw blade. The saw blade is assembled on a manual cement cutting machine, a C25 old concrete cement pavement with the thickness of 7-10 cm is cut, the cutting resistance is small, the cutting speed of the saw blade in the whole cutting process can be kept continuous and stable, cutting attenuation or invalidation does not occur, the diamond hardly drops in the effective cutting height range, the cutting service life of the saw blade can reach 1260, the length of the saw blade can be prolonged, and the saw blade is improved by more than 20% compared with a conventional saw blade.
Example 4:
weighing 2000g of artificial diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes and the strength of D60, coating a layer of superfine simple substance W powder on the surface of the artificial diamond by adopting a surface coating technology after cleaning treatment, namely coating 50g of W by adopting 100g of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 alcohol solution with the mass fraction of 1% as a liquid adhesive, forming a functional layer (namely a chemical bonding layer 1) on the surface of the diamond for 1 time, and drying and storing the coated diamond particles in vacuum. Weighing 500g of water atomized four-component alloy powder with 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn according to the weight ratio, wherein the powder granularity is 400 meshes below, the oxygen content is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter granularity D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, mixing the alloy powder with 50g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the mixture on the surfaces of diamond particles coated with 1-time functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form 2-time functionalized coating layers (namely, bonding metallurgy bonding layers 2), and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion. Weighing 150 g-200 mesh water atomization binary base alloy powder with 70% Fe-30% Cu by weight, wherein the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1300MPa, mixing the powder with 20g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of diamond particles coated with 2 times of functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form a functionalized coating layer (namely a bonding agent transition connection layer 3) for 3 times, and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion, thereby preparing the diamond composite particles coated with 3 times of functionalization.
The functionalized coated diamond composite particles are adopted to prepare a ceramic edge grinding wheel with a coarse grain size of 46#, the size of a tool bit is 24mm (length) multiplied by 14 (width) multiplied by 10mm (height), the formula weight component of the tool bit is 71% of Fe-20% of Cu-3% of Sn-6% of Ni, the ceramic edge grinding wheel is prepared by sintering on a hot pressing sintering machine at 860 ℃, then the tool bit is brazed on a disc steel substrate to prepare the ceramic edge grinding wheel, a glazed brick blank with the size of 830mm multiplied by 10mm is ground, the processing linear speed is 28 bricks/min, the service life of each edge grinding wheel can reach 140-160 hours, and the service life of a common edge grinding wheel is 80-100 hours. Moreover, the matrix of the edge grinding wheel adopting the technology of the invention has strong holding force on the diamond, the diamond hardly drops, stable and continuous grinding processing capability can be always kept in the using process, the processing quality is good, edge breakage is small, the change of various brick qualities can be adapted, the service life is prolonged by more than 40%, the diamond dosage can be reduced by 10-20%, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Example 5:
20000g of artificial diamond with the granularity of 40/45 meshes and the strength of D60 is weighed, after cleaning treatment, a layer of simple substance Ti is coated on the surface of the artificial diamond by adopting a vacuum micro-evaporation coating technology, the weight of the coated Ti is 100g, a functional layer (namely a chemical bonding layer 1) is formed on the surface of the diamond for 1 time, and the coated diamond particles are dried and stored in vacuum. Weighing 5000g of water atomized four-component alloy powder with 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn according to the weight ratio, wherein the granularity of the powder is-400 meshes, the oxygen content is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, mixing the alloy powder with 500g of ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of diamond particles coated with 1-time functionalization in rotary coating equipment to form a 2-time functionalized coating layer (namely a bonded metallurgical bonding layer 2), and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles after dispersion. The method is characterized in that-200-mesh water atomization ternary basic alloy powder with the weight parts of 70% of Fe, 27% of Cu and 3% of Sn is designed and produced by self, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, and the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100 MPa. Weighing 1500g of ternary system powder, mixing with 200g of alcohol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 with the mass concentration of 1%, uniformly coating the surface of diamond particles which are subjected to 2 times of functional coating in rotary coating equipment to form a 3-time functional coating layer (namely a bonding agent transition connection layer 3), and dispersing and naturally drying the coated diamond composite particles to prepare the 3-time functional coated diamond composite particles.
Adopting the functionalized coated diamond composite particles, preparing more than 10 pairs of sandwich type granite disk saw heads according to the addition of 40 percent of volume concentration, wherein each pair of saws consists of 6 saw blades with the thickness of 4.5mm and the diameters of 1600mm, 1370mm, 1160mm, 950mm, 740mm and 530mm respectively, the size of the tool bit is 22.5mm (length) multiplied by 5.8 (width) multiplied by 13.0mm (height), the weight component of the tool bit formula is 71 percent of Fe-20 percent of Cu-3 percent of Sn-6 percent of Ni, the tool bit is prepared by sintering at 860 ℃ on a hot pressing sintering machine, then the tool bit is brazed on a disk steel substrate to prepare a granite group saw, hard granite-India red is cut, and on the premise of keeping good sharpness, the cutting square number of each tool bit is 1.7m2Lifting to 2.1m2The service life of the particles is improved by more than 20 percent. The matrix of the circular saw bit adopting the technology of the invention has strong holding force on the diamond, the diamond hardly drops, the diamond has higher edge height and good sharpness, and can always keep stable and continuous cutting capability in the using process, and the planeness and the smoothness of the processed plate can well meet the processing quality requirement.
Example 6
The process and the process conditions are the same as those in the examples 1 to 5, except that the components of the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder are selected within the ranges of 50 to 90 percent of Fe, 5 to 35 percent of Cu, 1 to 10 percent of Ni and 0.5 to 5 percent of Sn by mass, the components of the Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder are selected within the ranges of 70 to 90 percent of Fe and 10 to 30 percent of Cu by mass, and the components of the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy powder are selected within the ranges of 70 to 90 percent of Fe, 10 to 30 percent of Cu and 0.5 to 3 percent of Sn by mass, so that 3 times of coating of the gradient functionalized diamond composite particles can be realized, and the prepared gradient functionalized diamond composite material can realize the purposes of improving the effective holding capacity of a tool matrix to diamond and improving the comprehensive efficiency of a diamond tool.
Claims (8)
1. A gradient functionalized diamond composite material is characterized in that the surface of diamond single crystal particles (4) is coated with a chemical bonding layer (1); the method is characterized in that a bonding metallurgical bonding layer (2) and a bonding agent transition connecting layer (3) are sequentially arranged on the surface of a chemical bonding layer (1) from inside to outside, and the chemical bonding layer (1), the bonding metallurgical bonding layer (2) and the bonding agent transition connecting layer (3) form a gradient functional layer; the chemical bonding layer (1) comprises one or two of metals of Fe, Ti, Cr, W, V and Co; the bonding metallurgy bonding layer (2) comprises a Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy system, wherein the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy system comprises 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn by mass, the oxygen content is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 13-17 mu m, the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100MPa, and the bonding metallurgy bonding layer is mixed with an adhesive to realize bonding; the bonding agent transition connection layer (3) is composed of Fe-Cu binary basic alloy or Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy and is mixed with a bonding agent to realize bonding; wherein the total mass of the gradient functional layer is 30-50% of the mass of the coated diamond single crystal particles (4), the mass of the chemical bonding layer (1) accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer, the mass of the bonding metallurgy combination layer (2) accounts for 60-80% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer, the mass of the bonding agent transition connection layer (3) accounts for 20-30% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer, and the sum of the mass of the chemical bonding layer (1), the bonding metallurgy combination layer (2) and the bonding agent transition connection layer (3) accounts for 100% of the total mass of the gradient functional layer; the adhesive is polyvinyl pyrrolidone K90 alcohol solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0%.
2. The gradient functionalized diamond composite material according to claim 1, wherein the diamond single crystal particles (4) are 170 mesh coarse.
3. The gradient functionalized diamond composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Fe-Cu binary base alloy comprises, by mass, 70% to 90% of Fe, 10% to 30% of Cu; the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy comprises 70-90 wt% of Fe, 10-30 wt% of Cu and 0.5-3 wt% of Sn, wherein the sum of the weight parts of the three components is 100%.
4. The preparation method of the gradient functionalized diamond composite material according to claim 1, wherein a chemical bonding layer (1) is coated on the surface of diamond single crystal particles (4), and the coated chemical bonding layer (1) is coated by using one or two metal powders of Fe, Ti, Cr, W, V and Co as a coating raw material by a physical method or a chemical method; the method is characterized in that a bonding metallurgical bonding layer (2) and a bonding agent transition connecting layer (3) are sequentially coated on the surface of a chemical bonding layer (1) to form a gradient functional layer on the surface of a diamond single crystal, and the gradient functionalized diamond composite particles are prepared; the coating process of the bonding metallurgy binding layer (2) and the bonding agent transition connection layer (3) adopts polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 alcohol solution with mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% as an adhesive;
the coating bonding metallurgical bonding layer (2) is prepared by taking Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder as a coating raw material, mixing and stirring the coating raw material and an adhesive, then coating the mixture on diamond single crystal particles coated with the chemical bonding layer (1) on the surface by adopting rotary coating equipment, and dispersing and naturally drying the diamond single crystal particles;
the coating binding agent transition connection layer (3) is prepared by taking Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder or Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy powder as a coating raw material, mixing and stirring the coating raw material and a binding agent, then coating the mixture on diamond single crystal particles coated with the bonding metallurgical binding layer (2) on the surface by adopting rotary coating equipment, and dispersing and naturally drying the mixture.
5. The method for preparing a gradient functionalized diamond composite material according to claim 4, wherein the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder is 400-mesh prealloyed powder prepared by a water atomization process; the Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder or the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary basic alloy powder is 200-mesh prealloy powder prepared by a water atomization process.
6. The method for preparing the gradient functionalized diamond composite material according to claim 4, wherein the Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn four-component alloy powder comprises 65% of Fe, 25% of Cu, 5% of Ni and 5% of Sn by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 13-17 μm, and the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100 MPa; the Fe-Cu binary basic alloy powder comprises 70% of Fe and 30% of Cu by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter particle size D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, and the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1300 MPa; the Fe-Cu-Sn ternary base alloy powder comprises 70% of Fe, 27% of Cu and 3% of Sn by mass, the oxygen content of the powder is less than 3000ppm, the laser median diameter D50 value of the powder is 15-18 mu m, and the bending strength of a powder sintered body is more than 1100 MPa.
7. The application of the gradient functionalized diamond composite material of claim 1 is that diamond composite particles coated on each functional layer and a bonding agent are sintered together to form a segment, and then the segment is welded to form a cutting, grinding and drilling tool; and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 850-890 ℃.
8. Use of a gradient functionalized diamond composite according to claim 7, characterized in that the diamond composite particles are used to prepare diamond tool segments at an addition of volume concentration between 9% and 50%.
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| CN110079801A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-02 | 泉州华大超硬工具科技有限公司 | A kind of functionalization diamond of coating surface complex metal layer |
| CN111014657B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-08-27 | 吉林大学 | FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond product and preparation method thereof |
| CN110964983B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 吉林大学 | FeCuSn-based composite alloy powder for diamond product and preparation method thereof |
| CN112941430B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-03-04 | 吉林大学 | Powder metallurgy preparation method of diamond composite heat dissipation material |
| CN112941431B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-03-04 | 吉林大学 | Powder metallurgy preparation method of fine-particle diamond copper-based composite heat dissipation material |
| CN115971475A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-18 | 吉林大学 | Diamond-containing super-wear-resistant nickel-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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