CN109525098B - Self-adjusting permanent magnet generator for automobile - Google Patents
Self-adjusting permanent magnet generator for automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109525098B CN109525098B CN201910075459.0A CN201910075459A CN109525098B CN 109525098 B CN109525098 B CN 109525098B CN 201910075459 A CN201910075459 A CN 201910075459A CN 109525098 B CN109525098 B CN 109525098B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K53/00—Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator, which comprises a stator shell, a rotor core, a front end cover, a rear end cover and a driven belt pulley, wherein the front end cover is arranged on the stator shell; the belt pulley is sleeved on the rotor shaft, an electromagnet is arranged between the driven belt pulley and the front end cover, and a driving magnetic disk is arranged on one side of the driven belt pulley, which is away from the electromagnet; the power supply device further comprises an ignition switch, a first relay switch and a second relay switch, wherein one end of a coil of the first relay switch is connected with a power supply output terminal after passing through the ignition switch, and the other end of the coil of the first relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the second relay switch; one contact of the first relay switch is connected with the power supply output terminal, the other contact of the first relay switch is connected with one contact of the second relay switch, and the other contact of the second relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the electromagnet. The invention has simple structure, can automatically adjust the power generation state according to the rotating speed, thereby avoiding demagnetization caused by overhigh rotating speed and effectively prolonging the service life of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile generators, in particular to an automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator.
Background
Most of the existing automobiles adopt exciting winding generators, because the exciting winding is arranged in a rotor, parts such as carbon brushes, carbon brush holders, slip rings and the like are required to be arranged in the design, and the carbon brushes are easy to wear in use and are required to be replaced at regular time, so that the service life is influenced. Therefore, permanent magnet rotor generators are designed, and permanent magnets are adopted as generator rotors, so that parts such as carbon brushes and the like are omitted, and the assembly is more convenient although the parts are reduced; however, the existing permanent magnet generator has the problems that the voltage is not easy to adjust, when the rotation speed of the generator is increased, the permanent magnet rotor is overheated to demagnetize the permanent magnet, and the service life of the permanent magnet generator is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems that the existing automobile generator is complex in structure, difficult to adjust in voltage, easy to demagnetize a permanent magnet due to overhigh rotating speed, poor in motor stability and short in service life, and provides the automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator which is simple in structure, adopts a permanent magnet rotor to reduce parts of the motor, and can automatically adjust the power generation state according to the rotating speed, so that demagnetization caused by overhigh rotating speed is avoided, the stability of the motor is better, and the service life of the motor can be effectively prolonged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator comprises a stator shell, a rotor core, a front end cover, a rear end cover and a driven belt pulley, wherein two ends of the stator shell are respectively connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover, and a stator winding is arranged on the inner side of the stator shell; the rotor core is fixedly connected with the rotor shaft, and two ends of the rotor shaft extend out of the front end cover and the rear end cover respectively and are connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover through bearings; an even number of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed around the rotor core, and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; the method is characterized in that: the belt pulley is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft extending out of the front end cover through the shaft sleeve and can rotate freely; an electromagnet is arranged between the driven belt pulley and the front end cover, is annular, is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and has a gap with the rotor shaft; the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the front end cover through a connecting piece; a driving magnetic disk is arranged on one side of the driven belt pulley, which is away from the electromagnet, and is sleeved on the rotor shaft, connected with the rotor shaft through spline fit and capable of moving along the axial direction of the rotor shaft; when the electromagnet is electrified, the driving magnetic disk can be adsorbed, and the driving magnetic disk is driven to move to be clung to the driven belt pulley;
a junction box is arranged on the stator shell, a power supply output terminal and a rectifier are arranged in the junction box, and the stator winding is connected with the power supply output terminal after passing through the rectifier;
the power supply circuit further comprises an ignition switch, a first relay switch and a second relay switch, wherein one end of a coil of the first relay switch is connected with a power supply output terminal after passing through the ignition switch, the other end of the coil of the first relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the second relay switch, and the other end of the coil of the second relay switch is grounded; one contact of the first relay switch is connected with the power supply output terminal, the other contact of the first relay switch is connected with one contact of the second relay switch, the other contact of the second relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the electromagnet, and the other end of the coil of the electromagnet is grounded; the first relay is a normally open relay and is a low-voltage relay, and the second relay is a normally closed relay and is a high-voltage relay.
According to the technical scheme, the electromagnet and the driving magnetic disk are arranged on the rotor shaft, and after the electromagnet is electrified, the driving magnetic disk is adsorbed and is driven to be compressed with the driven belt pulley, so that friction force is generated, and the driving magnetic disk is driven to rotate by the friction force; because initiative magnetic disk and rotor shaft pass through spline cooperation and link to each other, just so can drive the rotor shaft through initiative magnetic disk and rotate, and then drive the rotor and rotate, whole generator carries out the electricity generation operation. In the in-service use process, the power supply input terminal of the junction box is connected with the storage battery, so that power generation is performed through ignition switch control at the initial time, at the moment, the storage battery supplies power to the first relay and the second relay, the first relay is conducted after being electrified, but the second relay cannot be disconnected due to the fact that the voltage of the storage battery is low, power supply to the electromagnet is achieved, suction force is generated by the electromagnet, and finally the generator is driven to generate power. When the power generation of the generator is carried out, and the power supply output is carried out, the voltage is provided for the first relay and the second relay by the generator, when the rotating speed of the rotor of the generator is higher, the power generation voltage is correspondingly higher, when the power generation voltage reaches the rated voltage of the second relay, the second relay is disconnected, so that the power supply of the electromagnet is disconnected, the electromagnet does not generate suction any more, the driven pulley does not drive the driving magnetic disk to rotate any more, and the whole generator does not generate power any more. When the generator is no longer generating electricity, the battery again supplies power to the first relay and the second relay, and then the process is repeated. Therefore, through the scheme, the power generation time and the power generation environment of the generator can be automatically adjusted, so that permanent magnet demagnetization caused by overhigh rotating speed is avoided, the stability of the generator is improved, and the service life of the generator is prolonged.
Further, the rated voltage of the first relay switch is less than or equal to 12V; the rated voltage of the second relay switch is more than or equal to 13.5V and less than or equal to 15V. Because the voltage of the automobile storage battery is generally less than or equal to 12.5V, the first relay switch can be turned on after being electrified through the power supply of the storage battery, and meanwhile, the second relay switch cannot be turned off, so that the power supply of the electromagnet can be realized.
Further, a limiting shaft shoulder is formed at the position, corresponding to the shaft sleeve, of the rotor shaft, close to one end of the electromagnet, and a thrust bearing is arranged at one side, close to the electromagnet, of the limiting shaft shoulder; and one side of the driving magnetic disk, which is away from the belt pulley, is provided with a limit nut which is connected with the rotor shaft in a threaded fit manner, and a gap is reserved between the driving magnetic disk and the driven belt pulley in an initial state. In this scheme, through the cooperation of shoulder and stop nut, can prevent effectively that driven pulley from producing great axial displacement in the course of the work to can guarantee driven pulley's stability.
Further, one side surface of the driving magnetic disk adjacent to the driven belt pulley is a friction surface; therefore, the friction force between the driving magnetic disk and the driven belt pulley can be effectively increased, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
In the further place, a cooling fan is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft extending out of the rear end cover, and the cooling fan is connected with the rotor shaft through a bearing and is locked and fixed by a locking nut; the stator shell is also provided with a temperature control switch, and the cooling fan is connected with the power supply output terminal after passing through the temperature control switch. Through the scheme, heat can be effectively dissipated for the whole generator, and energy sources can be better saved.
Further, the front end cover, the stator shell and the rear end cover are connected together through two long bolts penetrating through the stator shell; thus, the assembly and adjustment are simpler and more convenient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the permanent magnet rotor is simple in structure, parts of the motor can be reduced, the whole generator is more convenient to assemble, and cost can be reduced.
2. The electromagnet and the driving magnetic disk are matched with the driven belt pulley to realize power transmission, so that the transmission process can be better controlled.
3. Through the cooperation of first relay switch and second relay switch, can carry out generator electricity generation control according to the size of voltage automatically to avoid causing demagnetization because of the rotational speed is too high, make the stability of motor better, and can effectively prolong the life of motor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-stator winding, 2-rotor core, 3-driven pulley, 4-rotor shaft, 5-electromagnet, 6-driving magnetic disk, 7-junction box, 8-ignition switch, 9-first relay switch, 10-second relay switch, 11-limit nut, 12-cooling fan, 13-lock nut, 14-temperature control switch, 15-storage battery.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Examples: referring to fig. 1, an automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator comprises a stator housing, a rotor core 2, a front end cover, a rear end cover and a driven pulley 3, wherein two ends of the stator housing are respectively connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover, and a stator winding 1 is arranged on the inner side of the stator housing. The front end cover, the stator shell and the rear end cover are connected together through two long bolts penetrating through the stator shell; thus, the assembly and adjustment are simpler and more convenient. The rotor core 2 is fixedly connected with the rotor shaft 4, and two ends of the rotor shaft 4 extend out of the front end cover and the rear end cover respectively and are connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover through bearings; an even number of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed around the rotor core 2, and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. The belt pulley is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft 4 extending out of the front end cover through a shaft sleeve and can rotate freely. An electromagnet 5 is arranged between the driven belt pulley 3 and the front end cover, the electromagnet 5 is annular and sleeved on the rotor shaft 4, and a gap is reserved between the electromagnet and the rotor shaft 4; the electromagnet 5 is fixedly connected with the front end cover through a connecting piece. A driving magnetic disk 6 is arranged on one side of the driven belt pulley 3, which is away from the electromagnet 5, and the driving magnetic disk 6 is sleeved on the rotor shaft 4, is connected with the rotor shaft 4 through spline fit and can move along the axial direction of the rotor shaft 4; when the electromagnet 5 is electrified, the driving magnetic disk 6 can be adsorbed, and the driving magnetic disk 6 is driven to move to be clung to the driven belt pulley 3. In the concrete implementation, a limit shaft shoulder is formed at the position of the rotor shaft 4 corresponding to one end of the shaft sleeve, which is close to the electromagnet 5, and a thrust bearing (partially embedded in the limit shaft shoulder) is arranged at one side of the limit shaft shoulder, which is close to the electromagnet; by arranging the thrust bearing, the friction effect between the driving magnetic disk 6 and the driven pulley 3 can be further ensured, and friction between the driven pulley 3 and the shaft shoulder is avoided, so that the driven pulley 3 and the shaft shoulder are damaged. A limit nut 11 is arranged on one side of the driving magnetic disk 6, which is away from the belt pulley, and the limit nut 11 is connected with the rotor shaft 4 in a threaded fit manner, and in an initial state, a gap is reserved between the driving magnetic disk 6 and the driven belt pulley 3. Thus, through the cooperation of the shaft shoulder and the limit nut 11, the driven pulley 3 can be effectively prevented from generating larger axial movement in the working process, and the stability of the driven pulley 3 can be ensured. Wherein, a side surface of the driving magnetic disk 6 adjacent to the driven pulley 3 is a friction surface; this effectively increases the friction between the driving disk 6 and the driven pulley 3, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.
A junction box 7 is arranged on the stator shell, a power supply output terminal and a rectifier are arranged in the junction box 7, and the stator winding 1 is connected with the power supply output terminal after passing through the rectifier; wherein the power supply output terminal includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal.
The power supply circuit further comprises an ignition switch 8, a first relay switch 9 and a second relay switch 10, wherein one end of a coil of the first relay switch 9 is connected with (a positive terminal of) a power supply output terminal after passing through the ignition switch 8, the other end of the coil of the first relay switch 9 is connected with one end of a coil of the second relay switch 10, and the other end of the coil of the second relay switch 10 is grounded. One contact of the first relay switch 9 is connected with (a positive terminal of) the power supply output terminal, the other contact is connected with one contact of the second relay switch 10, the other contact of the second relay switch 10 is connected with one end of a coil of the electromagnet 5, and the other end of the coil of the electromagnet 5 is grounded. The first relay is a normally open relay and is a low-voltage relay (the rated voltage of the relay is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the storage battery), and the second relay is a normally closed relay and is a high-voltage relay (the rated voltage of the relay is larger than the voltage of the storage battery). In specific implementation, the rated voltage of the first relay switch 9 is less than or equal to 12V; the rated voltage of the second relay switch 10 is 13.5V or more and 15V or less, preferably 14.75V. Since the voltage of the battery 15 of the automobile is usually 12.5V or less, the first relay switch 9 can be turned on after the battery 15 is powered on, and the second relay switch 10 is not turned off, so that the electromagnet 5 can be powered. Wherein, the grounding is equivalent grounding, and is connected with the negative terminal of the power supply output terminal or the negative electrode of the storage battery 15 in the actual wiring process.
A cooling fan 12 is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft 4 extending out of the rear end cover, and the cooling fan 12 is connected with the rotor shaft 4 through a bearing and is locked and fixed by a locking nut 13; in the concrete implementation, a shaft shoulder is formed on the rotor shaft 4 at a position corresponding to one side of the bearing close to the rear end cover, so that the cooling fan 12 (and the bearing) is fixed through the cooperation of the locking nut 13 and the shaft shoulder to form axial positioning. The stator shell is also provided with a temperature control switch 14, and the cooling fan 12 is connected with a power supply output terminal after passing through the temperature control switch 14. Through the scheme, heat can be effectively dissipated for the whole generator, and energy sources can be better saved.
In the technical scheme, by arranging the electromagnet 5 and the driving magnetic disk 6 on the rotor shaft 4, after the electromagnet 5 is electrified, the driving magnetic disk 6 is adsorbed and driven to be tightly pressed with the driven pulley 3, so that friction force is generated, and the driving magnetic disk 6 is driven to rotate by the friction force; because initiative magnetic disk 6 links to each other through the spline fit with rotor shaft 4, just so can drive rotor shaft 4 through initiative magnetic disk 6 and rotate, and then drive the rotor and rotate, whole generator carries out the electricity generation operation. In the actual use process, the power supply input terminal of the junction box 7 is correspondingly connected with the anode and the cathode of the storage battery 15, so that the ignition switch 8 is used for controlling to generate power at the beginning, at the moment, the storage battery 15 supplies power for the first relay and the second relay, the first relay is conducted after being electrified, but the second relay cannot be disconnected due to the fact that the voltage of the storage battery 15 is low, power supply to the electromagnet 5 is achieved, suction force is generated by the electromagnet 5, and finally the generator is driven to generate power. When the power generation of the generator is carried out, and the power supply output is carried out, the voltage is provided for the first relay and the second relay by the generator, when the rotating speed of the rotor of the generator is higher, and when the power generation voltage is correspondingly higher, and when the power generation voltage reaches the rated voltage of the second relay, the second relay is disconnected, so that the power supply of the electromagnet 5 is disconnected, the electromagnet 5 does not generate suction any more, the driven pulley 3 does not drive the driving magnetic disk 6 to rotate any more, and the whole generator does not generate power any more. When the generator is no longer generating electricity, the battery 15 again powers the first relay and the second relay, and then the above-described process is repeated. Therefore, through the scheme, the power generation time and the power generation environment of the generator can be automatically adjusted, so that permanent magnet demagnetization caused by overhigh rotating speed is avoided, the stability of the generator is improved, and the service life of the generator is prolonged.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solution, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The automobile self-adjusting permanent magnet generator comprises a stator shell, a rotor core, a front end cover, a rear end cover and a driven belt pulley, wherein two ends of the stator shell are respectively connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover, and a stator winding is arranged on the inner side of the stator shell; the rotor core is fixedly connected with the rotor shaft, and two ends of the rotor shaft extend out of the front end cover and the rear end cover respectively and are connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover through bearings; an even number of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed around the rotor core, and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; the method is characterized in that: the driven belt pulley is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft extending out of the front end cover through the shaft sleeve and can rotate freely; an electromagnet is arranged between the driven belt pulley and the front end cover, is annular, is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and has a gap with the rotor shaft; the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the front end cover through a connecting piece; a driving magnetic disk is arranged on one side of the driven belt pulley, which is away from the electromagnet, and is sleeved on the rotor shaft, connected with the rotor shaft through spline fit and capable of moving along the axial direction of the rotor shaft; when the electromagnet is electrified, the driving magnetic disk can be adsorbed, and the driving magnetic disk is driven to move to be clung to the driven belt pulley; a limiting shaft shoulder is formed at the position, corresponding to the shaft sleeve, of the rotor shaft, close to one end of the electromagnet, and a thrust bearing is arranged at one side, close to the electromagnet, of the limiting shaft shoulder; a limit nut is arranged on one side of the driving magnetic disk, which is away from the belt pulley, and is in threaded fit connection with the rotor shaft, and a gap is reserved between the driving magnetic disk and the driven belt pulley in an initial state; one side surface of the driving magnetic disk adjacent to the driven belt pulley is a friction surface;
a junction box is arranged on the stator shell, a power supply output terminal and a rectifier are arranged in the junction box, and the stator winding is connected with the power supply output terminal after passing through the rectifier;
the power supply circuit further comprises an ignition switch, a first relay switch and a second relay switch, wherein one end of a coil of the first relay switch is connected with a power supply output terminal after passing through the ignition switch, the other end of the coil of the first relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the second relay switch, and the other end of the coil of the second relay switch is grounded; one contact of the first relay switch is connected with the power supply output terminal, the other contact of the first relay switch is connected with one contact of the second relay switch, the other contact of the second relay switch is connected with one end of a coil of the electromagnet, and the other end of the coil of the electromagnet is grounded; the first relay is a normally open relay and is a low-voltage relay, and the second relay is a normally closed relay and is a high-voltage relay.
2. The automotive self-regulating permanent magnet generator of claim 1, wherein: the rated voltage of the first relay switch is smaller than or equal to 12V; the rated voltage of the second relay switch is more than or equal to 13.5V and less than or equal to 15V.
3. The automotive self-regulating permanent magnet generator of claim 1, wherein: a cooling fan is sleeved on the part of the rotor shaft extending out of the rear end cover, and the cooling fan is connected with the rotor shaft through a bearing and is locked and fixed by a locking nut; the stator shell is also provided with a temperature control switch, and the cooling fan is connected with the power supply output terminal after passing through the temperature control switch.
4. The automotive self-regulating permanent magnet generator of claim 1, wherein: the front end cover, the stator housing and the rear end cover are connected together through two long bolts penetrating through the stator housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910075459.0A CN109525098B (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | Self-adjusting permanent magnet generator for automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910075459.0A CN109525098B (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | Self-adjusting permanent magnet generator for automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109525098A CN109525098A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
| CN109525098B true CN109525098B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910075459.0A Active CN109525098B (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | Self-adjusting permanent magnet generator for automobile |
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| CN205901524U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-18 | 邢台职业技术学院 | Vapour permanent magnet automotive generator intelligence steady voltage control system |
| CN107834720A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2018-03-23 | 吴红平 | Using the automobile using starter-generator of winding control technology |
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2019
- 2019-01-25 CN CN201910075459.0A patent/CN109525098B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH066955A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1994-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Vehicle-mounted generator |
| US5828192A (en) * | 1993-02-02 | 1998-10-27 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electric vehicle power feed system |
| JP2001057764A (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-27 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Voltage display device for portable generator |
| CN1402410A (en) * | 2002-09-02 | 2003-03-12 | 湖南长丰汽车制造股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic clutch type brushless silcon rectifying power generator set for vehicle |
| CN1780109A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-05-31 | 郭自刚 | Two-purpose apparatus for generating and starting for motor vehicle |
| US7554303B1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-06-30 | Hideo Kawamura | Controller of permanent magnet generator |
| CN101882838A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-11-10 | 肖成勇 | Motor component mechanism and energy system operation method thereof |
| CN202034877U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-09 | 沈阳工程学院 | Built-in permanent-magnetic rotor high-speed motor |
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| CN205901524U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-18 | 邢台职业技术学院 | Vapour permanent magnet automotive generator intelligence steady voltage control system |
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| CN109525098A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
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