CN109520532A - A kind of the multisensor multiplexing demodulation system and processing method of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor - Google Patents
A kind of the multisensor multiplexing demodulation system and processing method of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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- G01D5/266—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light by interferometric means
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multisensor multiplexing demodulation system of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor and processing methods, belong to technical field of optical fiber sensing.The system is sequentially connected and is formed by broadband frequency-sweeping laser source, optical circulator, wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric detection module, spectrum recovery module and data processing module, and N number of big chamber long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor is separately connected in a manner of Parallel Multiplexing;The processing method includes: S1: utilizing spectrum recovery module, the interference spectrum received is reduced to N sections of interference spectrum signals;S2: with the frequency demodulation method of sparse sampling, calculating is respectively processed to every section of spectroscopic data, finds out respective equivalent frequency value;S3: according to the long relationship of the chamber of equivalent frequency value and optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, the value of N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is solved respectively.The present invention efficiently solves the large capacity Parallel Multiplexing problem of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, are related to a kind of multisensor of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor
Multiplexing demodulation system and processing method.
Background technique
White light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor interfered using wide spectrum and realize high-acruracy survey
Device, it has, and sensor bulk is small, sensor side is not charged, anti-electromagnetic-radiation, high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion, easy remote sensing and light
The advantages that fiber communication is compatible.Therefore in petroleum, chemical industry, coal mine, machinery and various inflammable and explosive and harsh environments spies
There is great application potential in different occasion.
Shown in the typical demodulating system schematic diagram 2 of optical fiber white light interference measuring system, it by Low coherence wideband light source (11),
Photo-coupler (12), spectrometer (13), data processing unit (14) composition.If Low coherence wideband light source has the ideal of Fig. 3 (a)
Broadband spectral characteristic returns to the wide spectrum interference signal of Fig. 3 (b) after transmission fiber reaches optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor (21),
The signal carries out the long calculation processing of chamber with corresponding demodulating algorithm through spectrometer collection, again by subsequent data processing unit, complete
At demodulation.Such measuring system has the advantages that structure is simple, technology maturation, is easily achieved.But it is difficult to realize sense more
The defect of device multiplexing, constrains its large-scale engineer application.
For the multisensor multiplying question of white light interference sensor, mainly there are time division multiplexing and two kinds of frequency division multiplexing at present
Multiplexing technology.Time division multiplexing is that light source using photoswitch timesharing is switched to multiple sensors and is demodulated, although it makes
Each sensor demodulation accuracy having the same, but the switching of optical path limits the measuring speed of system entirety, and machinery is cut
The long-term reliability for changing structure is lower.Frequency division multiplexing obtains the interference spectrum signal of the different several sensors of the long L of chamber simultaneously, then
Spectrum analysis is carried out to interference spectrum signal, is branched away sensor regions using the different peak values on frequency spectrum;Since it is required respectively
The chamber of a optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is long different, and the quantity of multiplexing is few, and the practicability is poor.
Therefore, the multisensor multiplexing of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, it is extensive at such sensor is restricted
One of bottleneck of application.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiplexings of the multisensor of white light interference optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor
Demodulation method and system are passed by using the wide frequency-sweeping laser source of spectrum line width, swept frequency range and big chamber long optical fibers method amber
The solution that sensor combines, and be equipped with and the wavelength division multiplexer of optical source wavelength commensurate in scope and subsequent sparse spectrum sample
Demodulating algorithm effectively solves the big of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor under conditions of not reducing coherent signal contrast
Capacity Parallel Multiplexing problem.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of multisensor multiplexing demodulation system of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, the system as shown in Figure 1, by
Frequency-sweeping laser source (101), optical circulator (102), wavelength division multiplexer (103), photoelectric detection module (104), spectrum restore mould
Block (105) and data processing module (106) are sequentially connected the multiplexing demodulation system (1) of composition N channel, and are separately connected N big
Chamber long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor (2);
Spectrum line width, the swept frequency range of the frequency swept laser are wide, can with the output wavelength in wider spectral region
The narrow linewidth sweeping laser beam of change;
The optical circulator is used for the sweeping laser beam unidirectional delivery that issues frequency swept laser to wavelength division multiplexer;
The wavelength division multiplexer is used to the laser signal in frequency sweep spectral region being divided into the road N narrow-band spectrum signal, and
Be transmitted separately to N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, then the road the N narrow-band spectrum interference signal that Fabry-Perot sensor is returned merge after, warp
Optical circulator is transferred to photoelectric detection module;
The photoelectric detection module becomes at any time for being converted to the interference signal returned from N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor
The electric signal of change, then through amplification, sample conversion be discrete digital electric signal;
The spectrum recovery module is used to be converted to time domain scanning interferometer spectral signal the interference spectrum in spectral wavelength domain
Signal;
The data processing module is used for interference spectrum signal, and the chamber that demodulation calculates N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is long
Value.
Further, the long optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor of N number of big chamber, the long L of the chamber of each of which should meet Lmin<L<Lmaxn,
To ensure that each sensor can generate enough numbers of interference fringes, to meet the requirement that subsequent demodulation calculates.
The long upper limit L of the chamber of the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensormaxAnd lower limit LminMeet lower two formulas respectively:
Wherein FMHW is the spectral line width of sweeping laser, Δ λ and λcThe respectively spectral region of frequency-sweeping laser source frequency sweep
And its central wavelength (as shown in Figure 4);And the spectral bandwidth B (shown in such as Fig. 5 (a)) in one channel of wavelength division multiplexer, channel
Number N and frequency interval δ f meets lower two formulas:
N=Δ λ/B (3)
Further, suitable for the multisensor processing method of the demodulating system, comprising the following steps:
S1: the interference spectrum received is reduced to N sections of interference spectrum signals using spectrum recovery module;
S2: with the frequency demodulation method of sparse sampling, calculating is respectively processed to every section of spectroscopic data, is found out respective etc.
Imitate frequency values;
S3: according to the long relationship of the chamber of equivalent frequency value and optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, N number of Fabry-perot optical fiber sensing is solved respectively
The value of device.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention passes through the frequency-sweeping laser source that spectrum line width, swept frequency range is wide
It in conjunction with big chamber long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor, and is equipped with wavelength division multiplexer and carries out the segmentation of the road N spectrum, thus not reducing relevant letter
Under conditions of number contrast, reduce the occupied spectral bandwidth of each sensor;It is right and using the frequency demodulation method of sparse sampling
The interference spectrum signal of N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor carries out demodulation calculating, to ensure the demodulation accuracy of narrow-band spectrum signal;To
Effectively solve the large capacity Parallel Multiplexing problem of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, the present invention provides following attached drawing and carries out
Illustrate:
Fig. 1 is multiplexing white light interference optical fiber method amber measuring system structure chart;
Fig. 2 is existing typical white interferometry amber sensor demodulating system schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the spectrogram of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, and wherein Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) are respectively Low coherence degree
The ideal spectrogram of light source and its interference light spectrogram of corresponding optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor output;
Fig. 4 is the spectral schematic of frequency-sweeping laser source;Fig. 4 (a) is that frequency swept laser output narrow linewidth spectrum is scanned
Journey;Fig. 4 (b) is its frequency sweep spectral region;
Fig. 5 is the principle of multiplexing figure of this method interference signal;Fig. 5 (a) is the spectrum character diagram of the road N wavelength division multiplexer;Fig. 5
It (b) is this respective interference light spectrogram of road N optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor;
Fig. 6 is the demodulating algorithm principle process block diagram of sensor multiplexing spectrum;
Fig. 7 is Parallel Multiplexing Fabry-perot optical fiber measuring system structure chart described in embodiment one;
Fig. 8 is Parallel Multiplexing Fabry-perot optical fiber measuring system structure chart described in embodiment two.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, by broadband frequency swept laser 101, optical circulator 102, wavelength division multiplexer 103, photoelectric detection module
104, spectrum recovery module 105 and data processing module 106 are sequentially connected the multiplexing demodulation system 1 of composition N channel, and connect N
A big chamber long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor 2;
The broadband frequency swept laser 101 in wide spectral range for providing wavelength variable laser light source;The light
Circulator 102 is used for the wide range sweeping laser signal unidirectional delivery that issues light source to wavelength division multiplexer, while by wavelength-division multiplex
The optical signal one-way transmission that device returns is to photoelectric detection module;The wavelength division multiplexer 103 is multiple for broadband light to be divided into
The road the N narrow band light of wavelength, and it is transmitted separately to N number of long chamber long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor, then optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is returned
Interference light signal returns to optical circulator after merging;The photoelectric detection module 104 is used for the interference laser signal of length scanning
It is converted to the electric signal changed over time, then through amplification, sample conversion is discrete digital electric signal;The spectrum recovery module
105 for time domain scanning interferometer spectral signal to be converted to the interference spectrum signal in spectral wavelength domain;The data processing module
106 for disposably demodulation to calculate the chamber long value of N number of fibre optical sensor from interference spectrum signal.
The wideband light source provided by frequency swept laser is as shown in figure 4, the output of light source any time is such as Fig. 4 (a) institute
The spectral bandwidth shown is the narrow spectral line laser of FWHM, and when it with being scanned at any time, final frequency sweep spectral region is Fig. 4
(b) shown in.
Shown in the spectral characteristic of wavelength division multiplexer such as Fig. 5 (a), a filtering channel is equivalent to a spectrum narrowband filtering
Device by the light output of a wavelength to corresponding port, and connects an optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, to obtain such as Fig. 5 (b)
Shown multiplexing interference spectrum.
Demodulating algorithm includes three steps, as shown in Figure 6: carrying out N sections of segmentations to spectrum first, then uses the frequency of sparse spectrum
Demodulating algorithm carries out demodulation calculating to each section of interference spectrum signal respectively, obtains the respective equivalent angle of N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor
Frequency, is finally converted into that optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor chamber is long, to complete the cavity length demodulating of N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor.
In order to guarantee the signal-to-noise ratio of interference signal, N optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor Fabry-Perot sensor all long using big chamber.
The long optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor of N number of big chamber, the long L of the chamber of each of which should meet Lmin<L<Lmaxn, to ensure
Each sensor can generate enough numbers of interference fringes, the requirement to meet subsequent demodulation calculating.
The long upper limit L of the chamber of the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensormaxAnd lower limit LminLower two formulas should be met respectively:
Wherein FMHW is the spectral line width of sweeping laser, Δ λ and λcThe respectively spectral region of frequency-sweeping laser source frequency sweep
And its central wavelength (as shown in Figure 4);And the spectral bandwidth B (shown in such as Fig. 5 (a)) in one channel of wavelength division multiplexer, channel
Number N and frequency interval δ f meets lower two formulas:
N=Δ λ/B (3)
Wavelength division multiplexer involved in this method and system, photoelectric detection module, spectrum reduction and demodulation module and solution
There are many implementations for the implementing platform of tune algorithm.The present invention proposes two sets of specific case study on implementation:
1, embodiment one
The system principle of the embodiment is as shown in fig. 7, light source is using communication C-band MEMS type frequency swept laser in the system
111;Wavelength division multiplexer uses arrayed waveguide grating type wavelength division multiplexer (AWG-DWDM) 113;Photoelectric detection module is by indium gallium arsenic
High-speed photodetector (InGaAs-PD) 114, signal amplification circuit 115 and high-speed ADC Acquisition Circuit 116 form;Using FPGA
Spectrum recovery module 117 signal segmentation is reduced into N sections of interference spectrum signals, and PC machine 118 is transmitted to, by Labview journey
Sequence realizes that the long demodulation of N number of chamber calculates.
2, embodiment two
The system principle of the embodiment is as shown in figure 8, light source is using communication C+L wave band raster feedback-type in the system
Frequency swept laser 121;Wavelength division multiplexer uses body phase hologram grating type dense wave division multiplexer (VPH-DWDM) 123, photoelectricity
Detecting module is made of the germanium high-speed photodetector (Ge-APD) 124 and high-speed AD acquisition circuit 125 for carrying gain.Spectrum is also
Former module realizes the reduction of the road N spectrum using ARM processing module 126;At high-speed dsp data processing system 127
Reason calculates, and is calculated with the long demodulation of embedded software, the N number of chamber of completion.
3, implementation result
To Fabry-Perot sensor multiplexing scheme shown in FIG. 1, the frequency-sweeping laser source for being 35nm according to communication C-band bandwidth
With meet international communication standards G.694.1 in channel frequence interval 100GHz wavelength division multiplexer, the chamber of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor
Length meets formula (1) and formula (2), then the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor multiplex system on 40 tunnels can be achieved, and ensures all dry
It relates to and does not interfere mutually between sensor, independently senses.
Since a spectra collection can obtain the information of all the sensors, and the measuring speed of system is by frequency swept laser
Spectrum sweep velocity determine that therefore the program increases sensor multiplexing number can't reduce the whole measuring speed of system.Therefore
System of the present invention uses commercially available high speed frequency swept laser, just reaches 1kHz's or more to tens of up to a hundred fibre optical sensors
Multiplexing demodulation rate.
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of multisensor multiplexing demodulation system of white light interference type optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, which is characterized in that the system by
Frequency swept laser (101), optical circulator (102), wavelength division multiplexer (103), photoelectric detection module (104), spectrum recovery module
(105) and data processing module (106) is sequentially connected the multiplexing demodulation system (1) of composition N channel, and is separately connected N number of big chamber
Long optical fibers Fabry-Perot sensor (2);
Spectrum line width, the swept frequency range of the frequency swept laser are wide, in wider spectral region output wavelength it is variable
Narrow linewidth sweeping laser beam;
The optical circulator is used for the sweeping laser beam unidirectional delivery that issues frequency swept laser to wavelength division multiplexer;
The wavelength division multiplexer is used to for the laser signal in frequency sweep spectral region being divided into the road N narrow-band spectrum signal, and respectively
Be transmitted to N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, then the road the N narrow-band spectrum interference signal that Fabry-Perot sensor is returned merge after, through the ring of light
Row device is transferred to photoelectric detection module;
The photoelectric detection module is used to the interference laser signal of length scanning being converted to the electric signal changed over time, then passes through
Amplification, sample conversion are discrete digital electric signal;
The spectrum recovery module is used to be converted to time domain scanning interferometer spectral signal the interference spectrum signal in spectral wavelength domain;
The data processing module is used for interference spectrum signal, and demodulation calculates the chamber long value of N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor.
2. multisensor multiplexing demodulation system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the big chamber long optical fibers method amber passes
The long L of the chamber of sensor meets Lmin<L<Lmaxn, to ensure that interference spectrum signal has enough signal contrasts, wherein LmaxWith Lmin
Meet following formula respectively:
Wherein FMHW is the half-wave overall with of sweeping laser spectral line, λcFor the central wavelength of frequency-sweeping laser source;And wavelength division multiplexer one
The spectral bandwidth in a channel is B, the wavelength-division multiplex quantity N that it can be accommodated in the frequency sweep spectral region Δ λ of frequency-sweeping laser source
Meet following formula:
N=Δ λ/B (3).
3. being suitable for the multisensor processing method of demodulating system described in claim 1, which is characterized in that this method includes following
Step:
S1: the interference spectrum received is reduced to N sections of interference spectrum signals using spectrum recovery module;
S2: with the frequency demodulation method of sparse sampling, calculating is handled to each section of spectroscopic data respectively, is found out respective equivalent
Frequency values;
S3: according to the long relationship of the chamber of equivalent frequency value and optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor, N number of optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is solved respectively
Value.
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