CN109516850A - A kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109516850A CN109516850A CN201910008688.0A CN201910008688A CN109516850A CN 109516850 A CN109516850 A CN 109516850A CN 201910008688 A CN201910008688 A CN 201910008688A CN 109516850 A CN109516850 A CN 109516850A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
This disclosure relates to a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer, this method comprises: (1), pretreated straw will be obtained after stock treated stalk and microorganism formulation carry out Biological Pretreatment and separation of solid and liquid；(2), it is separated by solid-liquid separation after gained pretreated straw in step (1) being carried out boiling processing in lye, and solution object and solid impurity removal will not steamed by screening, obtain the first slurry and black liquor；(3), the first slurry obtained by step (2) is subjected to countercurrent washing and slagging-off by vacuum pulp washing machine, and extracts the black liquor in slurry, obtain the second slurry and screenings；(4), black liquor obtained by step (2) and (3) is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing or spray drying, obtains organic fertilizer.The method that the disclosure provides is at low cost, and pulp yield is high, organic fertilizer, organic matter and the water-soluble content of humic acid height of production.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to pulp technology for making paper, and in particular, to a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer.
Background technique
China has stalk abundant, national 10.4 hundred million tons of agricultural crop straw theoretical resources amount, collects crops
About 900,000,000 tons of stalk.In quantity, non-wood-fiber (including stalk, reed etc.) resource relative abundance.Now with crops straw
Stalk is that the digestion process of primary raw material paper technology is exactly the process for dissolving out and removing lignin with chemicals, traditional chemical method
Slurrying, chemicals usage is big, at high cost, energy consumption is high, and slurry yield is lower.Using black liquor caused by conventional chemical methods slurrying
Because containing a large amount of chemicals, cost recovery is high and causes environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of this disclosure is to provide the method costs that a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer, the disclosure provide
Low, pulp yield is high, organic fertilizer, organic matter and the water-soluble content of humic acid height of production.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure provides a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer, this method comprises:
(1), it will obtain after stock treated stalk and microorganism formulation carry out Biological Pretreatment and separation of solid and liquid
Pretreated straw；Wherein, it is 40-60 DEG C, pH value 7-10, time 10- that the condition of the Biological Pretreatment, which includes: temperature,
The weight ratio of 120hr, stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry are 1000:(1-5)；Contain β-Portugal in the microorganism formulation
Polyglycoside enzyme, hemicellulase, zytase and laccase, β-glucosidase activity power is 500- in the microorganism formulation
2000U/mL, hemicellulase enzyme activity are 100-400U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 1000-3000U/mL, laccase activity
Power is 50-200U/mL；
(2), it is separated by solid-liquid separation after gained pretreated straw in step (1) being carried out boiling processing in lye, and passes through sieve
Solution object and solid impurity removal will not steamed by dividing, and obtain the first slurry and black liquor；Wherein, the condition of the boiling processing includes: temperature
Degree is 100-200 DEG C, pressure 0.4-5MPa, time 2-80hr；Lye be sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, it is digested
The weight ratio of total Water, the alkali in lye and the pretreated straw in terms of over dry is (10-500): (1-15): 100 in journey；
(3), the first slurry obtained by step (2) is subjected to countercurrent washing and slagging-off by vacuum pulp washing machine, and extracts pulp
Black liquor in material obtains the second slurry and screenings；Wherein, in terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreated straw is 2-9%；
(4), black liquor obtained by step (2) and (3) is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing or spray drying, is had
Machine fertilizer；Wherein step (4) also optionally includes: to carry out the evaporation and concentration together after mixing addO-on therapy with black liquor, described to add
Group is added to be selected from one of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, zeolite and bentonite or a variety of.
Optionally, in step (4), the temperature of the evaporation and concentration is 40-80 DEG C, and the solid content of black liquor is after evaporation and concentration
35-55%；
The pelletizer head temperature is 400-500 DEG C, and tail temperature is 80-120 DEG C, spray pressure 0.25-
0.45MPa。
Optionally, the method also includes step (5): screenings obtained by step (3) being discongested and postsearch screening, recycling
Fiber in screenings.
Optionally, stock described in step (1) processing include: stalk is successively crushed, dedusting, washing and consolidate
Liquid separation.
Optionally, in step (1), the condition of the Biological Pretreatment includes: that temperature is 45-55 DEG C, pH value 7-9, when
Between be 20-80hr, the weight ratio of stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry is 1000:(1-3).
Optionally, in step (1), β-glucosidase activity power is 600-1500U/mL in the microorganism formulation, partly
Cellulose enzyme vigor is 150-350U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 1500-2500U/mL, Laccase activity 60-
180U/mL。
Optionally, in step (1), aspergillus niger, trichoderma, saccharomycete and bacillus subtilis are also contained in the microorganism formulation
Bacterium, the content of aspergillus niger is 10 in the microorganism formulation5-106CFU/mL, the content of trichoderma are 104-105CFU/mL, yeast
The content of bacterium is 105-106CFU/mL, the content of bacillus subtilis are 104-105CFU/mL。
Optionally, in step (2), it is 140-160 DEG C that the condition of the boiling processing, which includes: temperature, pressure 0.5-
1.0MPa, time 1-5hr.
Optionally, in step (2), the alkali in total Water, lye in digestion process and the pretreated straw in terms of over dry
Weight ratio be (150-350): (3-10): 100.
Optionally, in step (3), in terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreated straw is 2-8%.
Optionally, the stalk is selected from one of corn stover, rice straw, cotton stalk and wheat straw or a variety of.
The disclosure extracts organic matter using agricultural crop straw as raw material, using biodegrade and either shallow chemical treatment method, raw
Organic fertilizer activity, water-soluble humic acid and the organic matter height of production, can be decomposed by edaphon and utilize, substantially improve soil
Physical property.Organic fertilizer production uses spray granulation, and particle is small, and moisture is few, and hardness is big, can machine sowing, it is full water-soluble, high living
Property, plant disease-resistant, high yield can be promoted, the crops after fertilising are low without chemical fertilizer, pesticide residue degree, have the advantages such as environmentally protective.
The disclosed invention people it was unexpectedly observed that by using containing aspergillus niger, trichoderma, saccharomycete, bacillus subtilis and
Beta-glucosidase enzyme, hemicellulase, zytase, the microorganism formulation of laccase of appropriate enzyme activity are preparatory to stalk
Biological Pretreatment is carried out while can reducing boiling alkali charge, raising pulp yield and keeps slurry hardness.Method of disclosure
The black liquor for producing organic fertilizer raw material can also be produced.By in microorganism formulation be added aspergillus niger, trichoderma, saccharomycete,
The microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis can be improved the effect of Biological Pretreatment, reduce slurry hardness and slurry yield, while can be with
The dosage for reducing enzyme, reduces cost, and mentioned microorganism can also grow to recycle on stalk.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail below.It should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
In the disclosure, over dry refers to the weight after drying the material containing stalk 10 hours at 100 DEG C.
The disclosure provides a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer, this method comprises:
(1), it will obtain after stock treated stalk and microorganism formulation carry out Biological Pretreatment and separation of solid and liquid
Pretreated straw；Wherein, it is 40-60 DEG C, pH value 7-10, time 10- that the condition of the Biological Pretreatment, which includes: temperature,
The weight ratio of 120hr, stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry are 1000:(1-5)；Contain β-Portugal in the microorganism formulation
Polyglycoside enzyme, hemicellulase, zytase and laccase, β-glucosidase activity power is 500- in the microorganism formulation
2000U/mL, hemicellulase enzyme activity are 100-400U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 1000-3000U/mL, laccase activity
Power is 50-200U/mL；
(2), it is separated by solid-liquid separation after gained pretreated straw in step (1) being carried out boiling processing in lye, and passes through sieve
The first slurry and black liquor will be obtained to steam solution object and solid impurity removal by dividing；Wherein, the condition of the boiling processing includes: temperature
Degree is 100-200 DEG C, pressure 0.4-5MPa, time 2-80hr；Lye be sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, it is digested
The weight ratio of total Water, the alkali in lye and the pretreated straw in terms of over dry is (10-500): (1-15) in journey: 100, preferably
For (200-400): (1-15): (100)；
(3), the first slurry obtained by step (2) is subjected to countercurrent washing by vacuum pulp washing machine and scummer removes the gred, and mentioned
The black liquor in slurry is taken out, the second slurry and screenings are obtained；Wherein, in terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreated straw is
2-9%, preferably 2-8%, further preferably 3-7%；
(4), black liquor obtained by step (2) and (3) is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing or spray drying, is had
Machine fertilizer；Wherein step (4) also optionally includes: to carry out the evaporation and concentration together after mixing addO-on therapy with black liquor, described to add
Group is added to be selected from one of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, zeolite and bentonite or a variety of.The additive amount of above-mentioned addO-on therapy can be with
Account for the 15-20% of black liquor weight.
According to the disclosure, in step (4), it is concentrated by evaporation and slurry-spraying pelletizing is well known to those skilled in the art, such as
The temperature of the evaporation and concentration can be 40-80 DEG C, and the solid content of black liquor can be 35-55% after evaporation and concentration；The granulation
Machine head temperature can be 400-500 DEG C, and tail temperature can be 80-120 DEG C, and spray pressure can be 0.25-0.45MPa.
According to the disclosure, a large amount of organic matters are contained in black liquor obtained by step (2) and (3), organic matter is mainly water-soluble rotten
Acid, including potassium fulvate, humic acid and ulmic acid etc. are grown, it can be after concentration as the raw material for producing organic fertilizer.Step (3) will
First slurry carries out countercurrent washing by vacuum pulp washing machine and scummer removes the gred, and obtains the second slurry and screenings, and extract pulp
The purity and quality of slurry can be improved in black liquor in material.The method can also include step (4): by step (2) and (3)
After black liquor is filtered recycling slurry, the lye that is used to prepare in step (2).
According to the disclosure, gained cooking liquor is separated by solid-liquid separation by acroll press washer after step (2) handles boiling, so
Concentrating part passes through except section device will not steam the solution solid impurities such as object and sandstone separation afterwards, and then improves the quality of the second slurry.Together
When, in step (3) it is separated go out screenings in also carry some long fibres secretly, therefore, the method can also include step (5):
Screenings obtained by step (3) is discongested and postsearch screening, the fiber in screenings is recycled, further increases and improve the second slurry
Yield.
In the disclosure, stock processing is well-known to those skilled in the art in step (1), such as may include: by straw
Stalk raw material successively crushed, dedusting, washing and separation of solid and liquid, crushing can carry out in chaffcutter, smashed stalk with
15-30mm is advisable, and dedusting can carry out in goat's horn deduster, and washing can carry out in waterpower grass washing machine, in water-washing process
Biological enzyme can be added, so that biological enzyme is sufficiently mixed with stalk, dehydration can carry out in single-screw extruder.
The disclosed invention people has been surprisingly found that, using the content of microorganisms of special proportion and the microorganism formulation of enzyme activity to straw
Stalk is pre-processed, and can effectively be decomposed to the glue-line in stalk between lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, reaches fine
The effect for tieing up dissociation facilitates in subsequent digestion process to keep the hardness of slurry while reducing lye dosage and improve slurry to obtain
Rate.In step (1), the condition of the Biological Pretreatment is preferably included: temperature is 45-55 DEG C, pH value 7-9, further preferably
Weight ratio for 7.5-8.5, time 20-80hr, stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry is 1000:(1-3), further
Preferably 1000:(1.5-2.5).β-glucosidase activity power is preferably 600-1500U/mL in the microorganism formulation, and half
Cellulose enzyme vigor is preferably 150-350U/mL, and xylanase activity power is preferably 1500-2500U/mL, Laccase activity
Preferably 60-180U/mL.
In disclosure step (1), aspergillus niger, trichoderma, saccharomycete and withered grass bud can also be contained in the microorganism formulation
Spore bacillus, the content of aspergillus niger can be 10 in the microorganism formulation5-106CFU/mL, the content of trichoderma can be 104-
105CFU/mL, the content of saccharomycete can be 105-106CFU/mL, the content of bacillus subtilis can be 104-105CFU/
mL.The effect of Biological Pretreatment can be improved by the way that microorganism is added in microorganism formulation, reduce slurry hardness and slurry yield,
The dosage that enzyme can also be reduced simultaneously, reduces cost.
According to the disclosure, boiling is handled for lignin in decomposing straw further on the basis of step (1), step
(2) in, the condition of the boiling processing preferably includes: temperature is 140-160 DEG C, pressure 0.5-1.0MPa, time 1-
5hr, preferably 1-3hr.The weight ratio of total Water, alkali in digestion process and the pretreated straw in terms of over dry is (150-
350): (3-10): 100, further preferably (200-300): (4-8): 100.
In the disclosure, stalk is well-known to those skilled in the art, such as can be for selected from corn stover, straw
One of stalk, cotton stalk and wheat straw are a variety of, but not limited to this.
The disclosure will be further illustrated by embodiment below, but therefore the disclosure is not any way limited.
Slurry hardness is measured using permanganimetric method in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and enzyme is purchased from the biological skill of Novi's letter (China)
Art Co., Ltd, beta-glucosidase (β-Glucosidase Novozyme) CAS No.9001-22-3, hemicellulase
(Hemicellulase) CAS No.9025-56-3, zytase (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-b-Xylanase) CAS No.9025-57-4, laccase
(Laccase)CAS No.80498-15-3；Aspergillus niger number is ATCC16404, and trichoderma number is ATCC26921, and saccharomycete is
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis number is ATCC 6633.
Second slurry slurry yield is the weight ratio that the second slurry in terms of over dry accounts for pretreatment blade.
Embodiment 1
It prepares aspergillus niger culture solution: by potato, peeling, stripping and slicing, being put into distilled water and boil 30min, take filtrate constant volume
To 5 times of potato weight, it is spare to obtain potato liquor.On the basis of 1000L potato liquor, by potato liquor, 2Kg phosphorus
In 121 DEG C of sterilizing 15min after acid dihydride potassium, 1.5Kg magnesium sulfate, 20Kg glucose, 10g vitamin B1, the mixing of 20Kg agar, so
1Kg strain is added afterwards to cultivate 12 hours at 25 DEG C.
Preparation trichoderma culture solution: it by potato, peeling, stripping and slicing, is put into distilled water and boils 30min, filtrate is taken to be settled to 5
Times potato weight, it is spare to obtain potato liquor.On the basis of 1000L potato liquor, by potato liquor, 2Kg phosphoric acid
In 121 DEG C of sterilizing 15min after potassium dihydrogen, 1.5Kg magnesium sulfate, 20Kg glucose, 10g vitamin B1, the mixing of 20Kg agar, then
1Kg strain is added to cultivate 12 hours at 25 DEG C.
Prepare yeast bacteria culture fluid: on the basis of 1000L water, by 3Kg by malt extract, 10Kg glucose, 5Kg albumen
, 20Kg agar and water be blended in 121 DEG C of sterilizing 15min, 1Kg strain is then added and is cultivated 12 hours at 25 DEG C.
It prepares bacillus subtilis bacteria culture fluid: on the basis of 1000L water, 5Kg peptone, 3Kg beef being leached into object, 5Kg
NaCl, 15Kg agar and water be blended in 121 DEG C of sterilizing 15min, then be added 1Kg strain 37 DEG C cultivate 12 hours.
Wheat straw is delivered to the blade for cutting into 15-30mm long in chaffcutter, is then dusted through goat's horn deduster, is used
Belt conveyor is delivered to waterpower grass washing machine and is washed, in circulating washing water be added aspergillus niger enzyme culture solution, trichoderma culture solution,
Yeast bacteria culture fluid, bacillus subtilis bacteria culture fluid and biological enzyme control aspergillus niger in microorganism formulation as microorganism formulation
Content be 1 × 105-2×105CFU/mL, the content of trichoderma are 1 × 104-2×104CFU/mL, the content of saccharomycete is 3 ×
105-4×105CFU/mL, the content of bacillus subtilis are 1 × 105-2×105CFU/mL, β-glucosidase activity power are
1200U/mL, hemicellulase enzyme activity are 250U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 2000U/mL, Laccase activity 120U/
mL。
Blade after the processing containing biological enzyme is obtained after being dehydrated, and the blade of mixed biologic enzyme is delivered to through belt conveyor
Biological Pretreatment storehouse carries out Biological Pretreatment, and the temperature of Biological Pretreatment is 45 DEG C, pH value 7.5, time 48hr, with over dry
The stalk of meter and the weight ratio of microorganism formulation are 1000:3.
Gained blade after Biological Pretreatment is squeezed out microorganism formulation using single-screw press master to be recycled, is controlled
Pre-processing blade over dry content is 30%.
Pretreatment blade by metering enters in scroll feeder to be mixed with heat alkali liquid, enters steaming after forming material plug herein
T-type pipe is boiled, subsequently into carrying out boiling in boiling pipe.The lye of boiling is added in T-type pipe, and steam is passed directly into boiling pipe
In.The weight ratio of the alkali and the pretreatment blade in terms of over dry in total Water, lye in digestion process is 300:8:100, is steamed
The temperature boiled is 150 DEG C, pressure 0.5MPa, time 2hr.Lye used in boiling is potassium hydroxide aqueous solution.
Slurry enters discharger through intermediate tube after the completion of boiling, is then equably sprayed into spraying pot by drain valve, starches
Material spurts pot bottom certainly and conveys through conveyor screw into single-screw press master, extruding black liquor, enters back into buffering stock tank, makes slurry concentration
Uniform, stable.Uniform and stable good slurry biggish in slightly slurry is not steamed for removing after boiling with being pumped into pressure knotter
Object and knot etc. are solved, while can also remove and be mixed into the weight such as biggish metal block and sandstone sundries in raw material, thus obtains the first slurry
Material.
First slurry is sent into pulp storage tank after being diluted with water, and is then pumped into three series connection drum vacuum pulp washers, after alternately
The processes such as dilution, diffusion, concentration, displacement, countercurrent washing and achieve the effect that filtering stock.Pass through series connection vacuum pulp washing machine
Washing as far as possible comes out the black liquid separation in paper pulp, isolates the slurry of black liquor by screening system, after isolating screenings
Obtain the second slurry.In terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreatment blade is 4%.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption
Amount is shown in Table 1.
Gained black liquor is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing, obtains organic fertilizer, black liquid consistency is 45% after evaporation and concentration,
Black liquor temperature is 60 DEG C after evaporation and concentration, pelletizer head temperature: 400-500 DEG C, pelletizer tail temperature: and 100-110 DEG C, spray
Pressure: 0.25-0.45MPa is starched, product granularity (1.00-4.75mm): >=90%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of organic matter:
>=60%, water-soluble humic acid mass fraction (in terms of drying): >=55%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of total nutrient: >=
5.0%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of moisture (fresh sample) :≤10%, pH value: pH=5.5-8.5.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that Biological Pretreatment condition are as follows: temperature is 40 DEG C, pH
Value is 7, time 10hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that Biological Pretreatment condition are as follows: temperature is 60 DEG C, pH
Value is 10, time 120hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: the range of content of microorganisms is not in microorganism formulation
Become, β-glucosidase activity power is 500U/mL, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 100U/mL, and xylanase activity power is
1000U/mL, Laccase activity 50U/mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: the range of content of microorganisms is not in microorganism formulation
Become, β-glucosidase activity power is 2000U/mL, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 400U/mL, and xylanase activity power is
3000U/mL, Laccase activity 200U/mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: boiling treatment temperature is 100 DEG C, and pressure is
0.4MPa, time 2hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: boiling treatment temperature is 200 DEG C, and pressure is
5MPa, time 80hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 8
Wheat straw is delivered to the blade for cutting into 15-30mm long in chaffcutter, is then dusted through goat's horn deduster, is used
Belt conveyor is delivered to waterpower grass washing machine and is washed, and biological enzyme is added in circulating washing water as microorganism formulation, control
β-glucosidase activity power is 1200U/mL in microorganism formulation, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 250U/mL, zytase enzyme
Vigor is 2000U/mL, Laccase activity 120U/mL.
Blade after the processing containing biological enzyme is obtained after being dehydrated, and the blade of mixed biologic enzyme is delivered to through belt conveyor
Biological Pretreatment storehouse carries out Biological Pretreatment, and the temperature of Biological Pretreatment is 45 DEG C, pH value 7.5, time 48hr, with over dry
The stalk of meter and the weight ratio of microorganism formulation are 1000:3.
Gained blade after Biological Pretreatment is squeezed out microorganism formulation using single-screw press master to be recycled, is controlled
Pre-processing blade over dry content is 30%.
Pretreatment blade by metering enters in scroll feeder to be mixed with heat alkali liquid, enters steaming after forming material plug herein
T-type pipe is boiled, subsequently into carrying out boiling in boiling pipe.The lye of boiling is added in T-type pipe, and steam is passed directly into boiling pipe
In.The weight ratio of the alkali and the pretreatment blade in terms of over dry in total Water, lye in digestion process is 300:8:100, is steamed
The temperature boiled is 150 DEG C, pressure 0.5MPa, time 2hr.Lye used in boiling is potassium hydroxide aqueous solution.
Slurry enters discharger through intermediate tube after the completion of boiling, is then equably sprayed into spraying pot by drain valve, starches
Material spurts pot bottom certainly and conveys through conveyor screw into single-screw press master, extruding black liquor, enters back into buffering stock tank, makes slurry concentration
Uniform, stable.Uniform and stable good slurry biggish in slightly slurry is not steamed for removing after boiling with being pumped into pressure knotter
Object and knot etc. are solved, while can also remove and be mixed into the weight such as biggish metal block and sandstone sundries in raw material, thus obtains the first slurry
Material.
First slurry is sent into pulp storage tank after being diluted with water, and is then pumped into three series connection drum vacuum pulp washers, after alternately
The processes such as dilution, diffusion, concentration, displacement, countercurrent washing and achieve the effect that filtering stock.Pass through series connection vacuum pulp washing machine
Washing as far as possible comes out the black liquid separation in paper pulp, isolates the slurry of black liquor by screening system, after isolating screenings
Obtain the second slurry.In terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreatment blade is 4%.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption
Amount is shown in Table 1.
Gained black liquor is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing, obtains organic fertilizer, black liquid consistency is 45% after evaporation and concentration,
Black liquor temperature is 60 DEG C after evaporation and concentration, pelletizer head temperature: 400-500 DEG C, pelletizer tail temperature: and 100-110 DEG C, spray
Pressure: 0.25-0.45MPa is starched, product granularity (1.00-4.75mm): >=90%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of organic matter:
>=60%, water-soluble humic acid mass fraction (in terms of drying): >=55%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of total nutrient: >=
5.0%, the mass fraction (in terms of drying) of moisture (fresh sample) :≤10%, pH value: pH=5.5-8.5.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that Biological Pretreatment condition are as follows: temperature is 40 DEG C, pH
Value is 7, time 10hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that Biological Pretreatment condition are as follows: temperature is 60 DEG C, pH
Value is 10, time 120hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that: β-glucosidase activity power in microorganism formulation
For 500U/mL, hemicellulase enzyme activity is 100U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 1000U/mL, Laccase activity 50U/
mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that: β-glucosidase activity power in microorganism formulation
For 2000U/mL, hemicellulase enzyme activity is 400U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 3000U/mL, and Laccase activity is
200U/mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that: boiling treatment temperature is 100 DEG C, and pressure is
0.4MPa, time 2hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 8, the difference is that: boiling treatment temperature is 200 DEG C, and pressure is
5MPa, time 80hr.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and be directly added into biological enzyme, while beta-glucosidase being replaced with to the hemicellulase of same enzyme activity, that is, control half fiber
Tieing up plain enzyme enzyme activity is 1450U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 2000U/mL, Laccase activity 120U/mL.Second slurry
Hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and be directly added into biological enzyme, while laccase being replaced with to the hemicellulase of same enzyme activity, that is, control beta-glucosidase
Enzyme activity is 1200U/mL, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 370U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 2000U/mL.Second slurry
Hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and be directly added into biological enzyme, while hemicellulase being replaced with to the beta-glucosidase of same enzyme activity, that is, control β-Portugal
Polyglycoside enzyme enzyme activity is 1450U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 2000U/mL, Laccase activity 120U/mL.Second slurry
Material hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and be directly added into biological enzyme, while zytase being replaced with to the laccase of same enzyme activity, that is, control beta-glucosidase enzyme
Vigor is 1200U/mL, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 250U/mL, Laccase activity 2120U/mL.Second slurry hardness,
Slurry rate and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and it is directly added into biological enzyme, while only including laccase, Laccase activity 3570U/mL in microorganism formulation.Second slurry
Hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and it is directly added into biological enzyme, while only including beta-glucosidase in microorganism formulation, β-glucosidase activity power is
3570U/mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and it is directly added into biological enzyme, while only including hemicellulase in microorganism formulation, hemicellulase enzyme activity is 3570U/
mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and it is directly added into biological enzyme, while only including zytase, Xylanase activity 3570U/mL in microorganism formulation.The
Two slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 9
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microculture is not added in circulation washing water
Liquid, and it is directly added into biological enzyme, while only including cellulase and beta-glucosidase in microorganism formulation, concentration is respectively
1785U/mL.Second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 10
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: microbial culture medium is not added in circulation washing water, and it is straight
Addition biological enzyme is connect, while beta-glucosidase being replaced with to the beta glucan glycosides enzyme of isoreactivity concentration.Second slurry hardness,
Slurry rate and water consumption are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 11
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that without Biological Pretreatment, and boiling is carried out directly in lye
Processing, control boiling processing condition keep the second slurry hardness substantially the same manner as Example 1, the second slurry hardness, slurry yield and
Water consumption is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 12
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that handling without boiling, and Biological Pretreatment is only carried out, and control
The condition of Biological Pretreatment processed keeps the second slurry hardness substantially the same manner as Example 1, the second slurry hardness, slurry yield and water consumption
It is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 13
It is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that the pH value of control Biological Pretreatment is 5.
As it can be seen from table 1 embodiment 1-7 can obtain the low slurry hardness between 15-20 using disclosed method,
And slurry yield is 34% or more, and comparative example 1-10 does not use the complex enzyme of the disclosure to carry out Biological Pretreatment, slurry hardness
Increase and slurry yield reduces.Comparative example 11 and comparative example 12 use single boiling processing or Biological Pretreatment, and slurry yield is substantially
Degree decline.Comparative example 13 reduces the pH value of Biological Pretreatment, and slurry yield reduces, and slurry hardness increases.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail above, still, during the disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment
Detail a variety of simple variants can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, this
A little simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, any combination can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
Disclosed thought equally should be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.
Table 1
| Project | Slurry hardness | Slurry yield, % | Water consumption, m3/t |
| Embodiment 1 | 16.8 | 43.2 | 18 |
| Embodiment 2 | 18.4 | 46.3 | 18 |
| Embodiment 3 | 15.5 | 36.7 | 18 |
| Embodiment 4 | 18.6 | 45.8 | 18 |
| Embodiment 5 | 15.1 | 39.2 | 18 |
| Embodiment 6 | 17.9 | 45.1 | 18 |
| Embodiment 7 | 15.8 | 40.7 | 18 |
| Embodiment 8 | 17.2 | 39.8 | 18 |
| Embodiment 9 | 19.6 | 42.4 | 18 |
| Embodiment 10 | 16.1 | 34.9 | 18 |
| Embodiment 11 | 19.2 | 41.6 | 18 |
| Embodiment 12 | 15.4 | 35.3 | 18 |
| Embodiment 13 | 18.4 | 41.3 | 18 |
| Embodiment 14 | 16.2 | 36.8 | 18 |
| Comparative example 1 | 21.4 | 32.6 | 18 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22.6 | 31.6 | 18 |
| Comparative example 3 | 24.2 | 29.7 | 18 |
| Comparative example 4 | 22.5 | 21.6 | 18 |
| Comparative example 5 | 45.9 | 23.7 | 18 |
| Comparative example 6 | 32.5 | 22.3 | 18 |
| Comparative example 7 | 37.1 | 20.5 | 18 |
| Comparative example 8 | 29.8 | 20.8 | 18 |
| Comparative example 9 | 25.1 | 35.6 | 18 |
| Comparative example 10 | 22.8 | 33.7 | 18 |
| Comparative example 11 | 17.1 | 34.6 | 17 |
| Comparative example 12 | 16.9 | 21.2 | 15 |
| Comparative example 13 | 20.5 | 38.8 | 18 |
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that agricultural crop straw prepares organic fertilizer, this method comprises:
(1), pre- place will be obtained after stock treated stalk and microorganism formulation carry out Biological Pretreatment and separation of solid and liquid
Manage stalk；Wherein, it is 40-60 DEG C, pH value 7-10, time 10-120hr that the condition of the Biological Pretreatment, which includes: temperature,
The weight ratio of stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry is 1000:(1-5)；Contain beta-glucosidase in the microorganism formulation
Enzyme, hemicellulase, zytase and laccase, β-glucosidase activity power is 500-2000U/ in the microorganism formulation
ML, hemicellulase enzyme activity are 100-400U/mL, and xylanase activity power is 1000-3000U/mL, and Laccase activity is
50-200U/mL；
(2), it is separated by solid-liquid separation after gained pretreated straw in step (1) being carried out boiling processing in lye, and will by screening
Solution object and solid impurity removal are not steamed, obtain the first slurry and black liquor；Wherein, the condition of the boiling processing includes: that temperature is
100-200 DEG C, pressure 0.4-5MPa, time 2-80hr；Lye is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, in digestion process
The weight ratio of alkali in total Water, lye and the pretreated straw in terms of over dry is (10-500): (1-15): 100；
(3), the first slurry obtained by step (2) is subjected to countercurrent washing and slagging-off by vacuum pulp washing machine, and extracted in slurry
Black liquor, obtain the second slurry and screenings；Wherein, in terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreated straw is 2-9%；
(4), black liquor obtained by step (2) and (3) is evaporated concentration and slurry-spraying pelletizing or spray drying, obtains organic fertilizer；
Wherein step (4) also optionally includes: to carry out the evaporation and concentration, the addO-on therapy together after mixing addO-on therapy with black liquor
Selected from one of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, zeolite and bentonite or a variety of.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, in step (4), the temperature of the evaporation and concentration is 40-80 DEG C, evaporation
The solid content of black liquor is 35-55% after concentration；
The pelletizer head temperature is 400-500 DEG C, and tail temperature is 80-120 DEG C, spray pressure 0.25-0.45MPa.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, the method also includes step (5): screenings obtained by step (3) is discongested
And postsearch screening, recycle the fiber in screenings.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, the processing of stock described in step (1) includes: that stalk is successively carried out powder
Broken, dedusting, washing and separation of solid and liquid.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, the condition of the Biological Pretreatment includes: that temperature is 45-55 in step (1)
DEG C, the weight ratio of pH value 7-9, time 20-80hr, stalk and microorganism formulation in terms of over dry are 1000:(1-3)；Institute
Stating β-glucosidase activity power in microorganism formulation is 600-1500U/mL, and hemicellulase enzyme activity is 150-350U/mL,
Xylanase activity power is 1500-2500U/mL, Laccase activity 60-180U/mL.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, also containing aspergillus niger, trichoderma, ferment in the microorganism formulation in step (1)
Female bacterium and bacillus subtilis, the content of aspergillus niger is 10 in the microorganism formulation5-106The content of CFU/mL, trichoderma is
104-105CFU/mL, the content of saccharomycete are 105-106CFU/mL, the content of bacillus subtilis are 104-105CFU/mL。
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is 140-160 that the condition of the boiling processing, which includes: temperature, in step (2)
DEG C, pressure 0.5-1.0MPa, time 1-5hr.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, in step (2), alkali in total Water, lye in digestion process with over dry
The weight ratio of the pretreated straw of meter is (150-350): (3-10): 100.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, in terms of over dry, the weight ratio that screenings accounts for pretreated straw is 2- in step (3)
8%.
10. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the stalk be selected from corn stover, rice straw, cotton stalk and
One of wheat straw is a variety of.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111470693A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 石河子市国力源环保制浆有限公司 | Process and equipment for producing organic compound fertilizer by using straw papermaking chain |
| CN112358357A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Meadowrue-based ground surface covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112726259A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-04-30 | 朱乐娃 | High-concentration liquid replacement device and liquid extraction method |
| CN112811953A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for preparing bio-mechanical pulp and biomass compound fertilizer from wheat straw sheaths |
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2019
- 2019-01-04 CN CN201910008688.0A patent/CN109516850A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111470693A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 石河子市国力源环保制浆有限公司 | Process and equipment for producing organic compound fertilizer by using straw papermaking chain |
| CN112358357A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Meadowrue-based ground surface covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112811953A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for preparing bio-mechanical pulp and biomass compound fertilizer from wheat straw sheaths |
| CN112811953B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-06-16 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for preparing biomass compound fertilizer by utilizing waste materials in process of preparing bio-mechanical pulp by wheat straw leaf sheaths |
| CN112726259A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-04-30 | 朱乐娃 | High-concentration liquid replacement device and liquid extraction method |
| CN112726259B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-02-06 | 朱乐娃 | High-concentration liquid replacement device and liquid extraction method |
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