CN109490351B - Method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder, which mainly solves the technical problem of low detection precision of the liquid-phase fluidity of the iron ore powder in the prior art. The invention relates to a method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder, which comprises the following steps: 1) drying the iron ore powder at the temperature of not less than 105 ℃ for not less than 4 hours; detection of SiO in iron ore powder2The mass percentage content of epsilon; 2) weighing CaO fine powder and drying; 3) respectively adding CaO fine powder into the iron ore powder in different granularity levels; 4) respectively placing the mixed ore powder cylindrical samples with different granularity levels in a heating furnace for heating, heating to 1250-; 5) measuring the vertical projection area of the sample, and calculating the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder sample of each granularity level; 6) and calculating the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder sample. The liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder detected by the method is high in precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting basic characteristics of iron ore powder, in particular to a method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder, and belongs to the technical field of iron ore sintering.
Background
In the production flow of steel, iron ore sintering is an important process for providing an iron-making raw material with excellent metallurgical performance for a blast furnace. With the pursuit of iron and steel enterprises on blast furnace product quality and enterprise economic benefits, the iron and steel enterprises need to enlarge raw material sources to reduce production cost, but iron ore powder from different sources has great difference in performance, and needs to be reasonably matched to meet the requirements of blast furnace production on sintered ores. If the sintering cup is adopted to simulate the sintering generation process, the workload is large, and the experimental period is long. The superiority of the iron ore powder is shown by reasonably matching and using different iron ore powders through the research on the basic performance of the iron ore powder, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources can be saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Factors influencing the mineralization of the iron ore in the sintering process are complex, and include the types, chemical compositions, granularity composition, granulation performance, high-temperature reaction characteristics and the like of the iron ore, fuel and flux. The high-temperature reaction characteristics of the iron ore mean the crystallization behavior of the iron ore in a high-temperature state, the reaction characteristics with an acidic or basic oxide, the physicochemical characteristics of a chemical reaction product and the like, and the high-temperature reaction characteristics can better reflect the sintering characteristic behavior of the iron ore and have important influence on the quality of the sintered ore. Based on the difference of high-temperature reaction properties of the iron ore powder, a quantitative evaluation system for the basic characteristics of the iron ore powder is provided by Wushengli, Beijing university of science and technology. The system is taken as the iron ore quality evaluation method widely accepted by the same lines at home and abroad at present, and the evaluation indexes mainly comprise: assimilation performance, liquid phase flow performance, binding phase strength performance and calcium ferrite generation performance. On the basis of carrying out quantitative research on basic characteristics of common ores at home and abroad, an ore blending principle based on basic characteristic complementation is provided for guiding sintering production ore blending.
The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 101666762A discloses a method for detecting the liquid phase generation characteristic of sintered iron ore, and the method for detecting the liquid phase generation characteristic of the iron ore by adopting a cone method is proposed according to the principle that the material deformation and the liquid phase generation have close relation. The liquid phase generation characteristics comprise the temperature, speed and quantity of liquid phase formation, the characteristic temperature of the liquid phase formation is embodied as a liquid phase starting generation temperature TS, a liquid phase complete generation temperature TE and a liquid phase free flow temperature TF, and the characteristic temperature is automatically identified and obtained by image processing software according to the conical change characteristics shot by the camera. The method has the advantages of high detection speed, simple measurement method and accurate detection result.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 101839837a discloses a method for detecting liquid phase bonding characteristics of sintered iron ore, which comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing materials, namely preparing mixture lumps and iron oxide lumps permeated by liquid phase; step 2, a sintering step, namely placing the mixture block mass in the hole of the iron oxide block mass to form an integral body for heating and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 6-15 minutes, so that the liquid phase generated in the sintering process of the mixture block mass permeates into the iron oxide block mass; and 3, a measuring step of slicing the sintered block along the central line of the hole, grinding the sliced block into a polished sheet, and measuring the penetration depth of the liquid phase in the iron oxide block under a microscope, wherein the penetration depth is an index for measuring the bonding property of the liquid phase.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 102809579a discloses a method for detecting the high-temperature mineralization characteristics of sintered iron ore, which is used for evaluating the quality and performance of iron ore applied to sintering by detecting the indexes of the iron ore powder/CaO reaction starting temperature, reaction rate, strength after reaction, reaction fusion heat and the like in the high-temperature mineralization process of iron ore. The method can detect a plurality of characteristics such as reaction starting temperature, reaction maximum rate, reaction heat absorption capacity, liquid phase fluidity, binding phase strength and the like in the same device and the same test, and therefore, the method has the characteristics of simple measurement method, high detection speed and accurate detection result. The method establishes corresponding relations among the maximum reaction rate, the reaction heat absorption capacity, the bonding phase strength performance, the sinter yield, the quality and the energy consumption index, and therefore has scientificity and practicability. The research processes of the methods are similar to the sintering basic characteristic detection method of Wushengli et al, and the natural iron ore powder is finely ground to the granularity of less than 100 meshes or 200 meshes, then mixed with analytically pure CaO and pressed into blocks with a certain size, and then roasted at 1280 ℃ under the condition of nitrogen or air to evaluate the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder.
The existing detection method for the basic characteristics of iron ore sintering has the same problem, mineral powder of all size fractions is ground together to carry out basic characteristic detection, which is beneficial to mutual contact between the mineral powder and CaO, but is inconsistent with the actual reaction state in the sintering process, the characteristic that the high-temperature sintering characteristics of different size fractions of the iron ore powder are different is ignored, the detection result cannot accurately reflect the actual sintering characteristics of the mineral powder, the basic characteristic data obtained under the condition is used for guiding sintering ore blending to be difficult to avoid deviation, so that the liquid phase fluidity detection of the iron ore powder is not representative, and the detection result cannot effectively represent the actual performance of the iron ore powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder, which mainly solves the technical problem of low detection precision of the liquid-phase fluidity of the iron ore powder in the prior art.
The technical idea of the invention is that the assimilation temperature of the iron ore powder is detected by grading the particle size of the iron ore powder based on the characteristic that the high-temperature sintering characteristics of the iron ore powder with different particle sizes have differences, so that the detection accuracy is improved, and the liquid phase flow performance of the iron ore powder is more accurately represented by a detection result.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for detecting the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder comprises the following steps:
1) drying the iron ore powder at the temperature of not less than 105 ℃ for not less than 4 hours; detection of SiO in iron ore powder2The mass percentage content of epsilon;
get M1g, carrying out particle size classification on the iron ore powder, screening the iron ore powder into particle size grades smaller than 0.5mm, 0.5-1.0mm, 1.0-3.0mm, 3.0-5.0mm and larger than 5.0mm by adopting a standard screen, and measuring the mass percentage content W of the iron ore powder of each particle size gradeiI is 1, 2, 5, which is the following according to the granularity of iron ore powder from small to large: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5(ii) a Detecting to obtain the median particle diameter d of the iron ore powder with the particle size of less than 0.5mm1The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.0mm is d2The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 1.0-3.0mm is d3The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 3.0-5.0mm is d4(ii) a The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is d5；
2) CaO fine powder M was weighed2g, and drying; total mass M of fine CaO powder2Calculated according to equation 1, M2＝M1Formula 1 of x epsilon x R, where epsilon is SiO in the iron ore powder2R is the alkalinity of the sinter;
3) respectively adding CaO fine powder m into iron ore powder with different granularity levels1g, mixing iron ore powder and CaO fine powderFully mixing, adding an organic binder to prepare a mixed mineral powder sample of iron ore powder and CaO, and pressing the sample on a tablet press to obtain a mixed mineral powder cylindrical sample; the mass of CaO fine powder respectively added to the iron ore powder in different particle size grades is calculated according to the formula 2-6,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size fraction of less than 0.5mm is as follows,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 0.5-1.0mm has the mass,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 1.0-3.0mm has the mass,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 3.0-5.0 has the mass,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is as follows,
in the formulas 2 to 6, T ═ W1+W2k2+W3k3+W4k4+W5k5；k1＝1，
a is the surface reaction coefficient;
4) respectively placing the mixed ore powder cylindrical samples with different granularity levels in a heating furnace for heating, heating to 1250-;
5) taking out the sample from the heating furnace, measuring the vertical projection area of the sample, calculating the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder sample of each granularity level according to a formula 7,
in equation 7: FLPiLiquid fluidity indexes of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels are dimensionless; si0Vertical projection area in mm before flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；SiVertical projection area in mm after flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；
6) Calculating the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder sample according to a formula 8,
FLP in the formula 8 is the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder; wiThe mass percentage of the iron ore powder of each granularity level is as follows according to the granularity of the iron ore powder from small to big: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5。
Further, the CaO fine powder described in step 2) is analytically ground with a pure CaO reagent to a fine powder with a particle size <149 μm.
Further, the organic binder in the step 2) is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the mass percentage of the organic binder in the mixed mineral powder sample is 0.3-1.0%.
Further, the surface reaction coefficient a in the step 2) is 0.20-0.25.
When the assimilation temperature, the generation amount of calcium ferrite, the liquid phase fluidity and the binding phase strength of the iron ore powder with different size fractions are detected, the sizes of the pressed sample lumps are phi 20mm multiplied by 15 mm.
The invention is based on the research and practice of the applicant for many years:
the-0.5 mm size fraction in the actual sintering system is mostly taken as the adhering particles together with the fine particle flux; the mineral powder with the size fraction of 0.5-3mm can be used as nuclear particles to completely participate in the reaction and then enter a liquid phase; the ore dust of the size fraction +3mm usually undergoes only a surface binding reaction.
In the actual sintering process, the liquid phase is mainly formed by reacting-0.5 mm mineral powder adhesive particles with all the flux, and the particles with +0.5mm are used as nuclear particles and are bonded together by reacting-0.5 mm mineral powder adhesive particles with the flux. Therefore, when the liquid phase of the iron ore powder flows, the iron ore powder is not necessarily ground into powder with the size less than 0.074mm, and then the liquid phase fluidity is not detected, and only the particle size part capable of forming the liquid phase needs to be considered.
The existing method for measuring liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder uses iron ore powder and chemical pure CaO as raw materials and fixes alkalinity (R ═ w (CaO)/w (SiO)2) Control the amount of CaO added, which results in SiO in the iron ore powder2The content determines the amount of CaO added. High-silicon ore (w (SiO2)>7%) CaO, good liquidity in liquid phase, low silica content (w (SiO2)<3%) CaO, which is less in amount added, is poor in liquidity of liquid phase. Thus, the method is evaluating SiO2When the content of the single iron ore powder is different greatly, the evaluation conclusion is often inconsistent with the actual production.
The Calagus mineral powder is one of the imported minerals commonly used by domestic iron and steel enterprises, and has the outstanding characteristics of high total iron grade and SiO2Low (in general)<3%) which belongs to iron ore powder with extremely poor fluidity according to the current liquid phase fluidity measurement method. However, the quality indexes of sintered ore are obviously improved by adding different proportions of the kalaguagsi ore powder for sintering in domestic iron and steel enterprises, which shows that the iron and steel enterprises are iron ore powder with excellent sintering performance. Determination of high silica Ore (w (SiO)2)>7%) was added in a large amount of CaO, and a large amount of liquid phase was generated at high temperature and the fluidity was good. However, production practices show that under the condition of unchanged alkalinity, the improvement of the proportion of the high-silicon ore reduces the grade of the sinter on one hand, and on the other hand, a large amount of high-melting-point silicate is easy to generate, the liquid phase viscosity is increased, the fluidity is deteriorated, the generation of calcium ferrite is influenced, the quality index of sintering production is reduced, and the high-silicon ore is an unpopular iron ore powder type in the iron ore sintering production.
Therefore, the mineral powder is classified according to the granularity, the weight of the basic characteristics of the mineral powder of each size fraction is determined according to the size distribution of the size fraction and the surface area of the particle group on the basis of respectively detecting the basic characteristics of the mineral powder of different size fractions, and the real basic characteristics of the mineral powder are finally obtained through calculation.
The method comprises the steps of screening iron ore powder, selecting the iron ore powder with the particle size of-0.5 mm for liquid phase fluidity detection, and screening single ore with the particle size of-0.5 mm into three particle sizes of 0.5-0.25mm, 0.25-0.1mm and-0.1 mm for classification liquid phase fluidity detection considering that the raw materials have certain particle sizes in the sintering process and the difficulty degree of forming liquid phases with different particle sizes is different.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects: 1. the method fully considers the reaction behavior of the iron ore powder with different grain sizes in the sintering process and the reaction characteristics of the iron ore powder in the reaction process, and by taking the particle size distribution as the weight and not carrying out fine grinding treatment on the iron ore powder, the detected liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder is high in precision and simple and convenient to operate, the obtained sintering basic characteristic indexes are more in line with the actual sintering system, and the method has stronger guidance on sintering ore blending. 2. According to the method, when the basic characteristics of the mineral powder with different size fractions are detected, the experiment is carried out by using the blocks with the diameter of phi 20mm multiplied by 15mm, so that the representativeness of the sample and the operability of the experiment are ensured.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
Embodiment 1, a method for detecting liquid-phase fluidity of iron ore powder, the method comprising the steps of:
1) drying the iron ore powder at 105 ℃ for 4 hours; detection of SiO in iron ore powder2The mass percentage content of epsilon;
get M1g, carrying out particle size classification on the iron ore powder, screening the iron ore powder into particle size grades smaller than 0.5mm, 0.5-1.0mm, 1.0-3.0mm, 3.0-5.0mm and larger than 5.0mm by adopting a standard screen, and measuring the mass percentage content W of the iron ore powder of each particle size gradeiI is 1, 2, 5, according to the granularity of iron ore powder from small to largeRespectively as follows: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5(ii) a Detecting to obtain the median particle diameter d of the iron ore powder with the particle size of less than 0.5mm1The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.0mm is d2The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 1.0-3.0mm is d3The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 3.0-5.0mm is d4(ii) a The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is d5；
2) CaO fine powder M was weighed2g, drying, grinding the CaO fine powder into granularity by using a pure CaO reagent for analysis<149 μm fine powder; total mass M of fine CaO powder2Calculated according to equation 1, M2＝M1Formula 1 of x epsilon x R, where epsilon is SiO in the iron ore powder2R is the alkalinity of the sinter;
3) respectively adding CaO fine powder m into iron ore powder with different granularity levels1Fully mixing iron ore powder and CaO fine powder, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose to prepare a mixed ore powder sample of the iron ore powder and CaO, wherein the mass percentage of organic binders in the mixed ore powder sample is 0.5%, and pressing the mixed ore powder sample on a tablet press to obtain a mixed ore powder cylindrical sample with the size of phi 20mm multiplied by 15 mm; the mass of CaO fine powder respectively added to the iron ore powder in different granularity levels is calculated according to a formula 2-6,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size fraction of less than 0.5mm is as follows,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 0.5-1.0mm has the mass,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 1.0-3.0mm has the mass,
the quality of CaO fine powder added into iron ore powder with the grain size of 3.0-5.0In order to realize the purpose,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is as follows,
in the formulas 2 to 6, T ═ W1+W2k2+W3k3+W4k4+W5k5；k1＝1，
a is the surface reaction coefficient, and a is 0.20;
4) respectively placing the mixed mineral powder cylindrical samples with different granularity levels in a heating furnace for heating, heating to 1300 ℃, and then preserving heat for 15 min;
5) taking out the sample from the heating furnace, measuring the vertical projection area of the sample, calculating the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder sample of each granularity level according to a formula 7,
in equation 7: FLPiLiquid fluidity indexes of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels are dimensionless; si0Vertical projection area in mm before flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；SiVertical projection area in mm after flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；
6) Calculating the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder sample according to a formula 8,
FLP in the formula 8 is the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder;Withe mass percentage of the iron ore powder of each granularity level is as follows according to the granularity of the iron ore powder from small to big: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5。
When the assimilation temperature, the generation amount of calcium ferrite, the liquid phase fluidity and the binding phase strength of the iron ore powder with different size fractions are detected, the sizes of the pressed sample lumps are phi 20mm multiplied by 15 mm.
Screening the iron ore powder by using a group of standard sieves of 0.5mm, 1mm, 3mm and 5mm, and sequentially dividing the granularity of the iron ore powder into five granularity levels of less than 0.5mm, 0.5-1.0mm, 1.0-3.0mm, 3.0-5.0mm and more than 5.0mm, wherein the mass percentage content W of the iron ore powder with the granularity of less than 0.5mm126.0 percent of iron ore powder with the granularity of 0.5-1.0mm in percentage by mass W227.9 percent of iron ore powder with the granularity of 1.0-3.0mm by mass percentage content W320.6 percent of iron ore powder with the granularity of 3.0-5.0mm by mass percentage content W425.4 percent of iron ore powder with the granularity of more than 5.0mm50.1 percent; respectively measuring the liquid phase fluidity index FLP of the iron ore powder of each granularity level according to the granularity of the iron ore powder from small to largeiI is 1, 2, 5, and is 4.3, 3.8, 3.2, 1.2, 0 and 0 in sequence, and the liquid phase fluidity index FLP of the iron ore powder is calculated to be 2.2.
Comparative example 1, iron ore powder A commonly used by a certain iron and steel enterprise is taken as a raw material, the sample is finely ground to be less than 0.074mm, and the sample is pressed into blocks with phi of 20mm multiplied by 15mm according to a conventional sintering basic characteristic detection method for carrying out experiments, and the liquid phase fluidity index of the obtained iron ore powder is 2.03.
By adopting the method, the index of the liquidity of the obtained liquid phase is 2.2, so that the real performance of the iron ore powder can be more represented, the reaction behaviors of the iron ore powder with different granularity levels in the sintering process and the reaction characteristics of the iron ore powder in the reaction process are fully considered, the granularity distribution is taken as the weight, the fine grinding treatment is not carried out on the iron ore powder, the obtained sintering basic characteristic index is more in line with the actual sintering system, and the method has stronger guidance on sintering ore blending.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for detecting liquid phase fluidity of iron ore powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) drying the iron ore powder at the temperature of not less than 105 ℃ for not less than 4 hours; detection of SiO in iron ore powder2The mass percentage content of epsilon;
get M1g, carrying out particle size classification on the iron ore powder, screening the iron ore powder into particle size grades smaller than 0.5mm, 0.5-1.0mm, 1.0-3.0mm, 3.0-5.0mm and larger than 5.0mm by adopting a standard screen, and measuring the mass percentage content W of the iron ore powder of each particle size gradeiI is 1, 2, …, 5, and the granularity of the iron ore powder is from small to big: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5(ii) a Detecting to obtain the median particle diameter d of the iron ore powder with the particle size of less than 0.5mm1The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.0mm is d2The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 1.0-3.0mm is d3The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of 3.0-5.0mm is d4(ii) a The median particle diameter of the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is d5；
2) CaO fine powder M was weighed2g, and drying; total mass M of fine CaO powder2Calculated according to equation 1, M2＝M1Formula 1 of x epsilon x R, where epsilon is SiO in the iron ore powder2R is the alkalinity of the sinter;
3) respectively adding CaO fine powder m into iron ore powder with different granularity levels1Fully mixing iron ore powder and CaO fine powder, adding an organic binder to prepare a mixed ore powder sample of the iron ore powder and the CaO, and pressing the mixed ore powder sample on a tablet press to obtain a mixed ore powder cylindrical sample; the mass of CaO fine powder respectively added to the iron ore powder in different particle size grades is calculated according to the formula 2-6,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size fraction of less than 0.5mm is as follows,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 0.5-1.0mm has the mass,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 1.0-3.0mm has the mass,
the CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the grain size of 3.0-5.0mm has the mass,
the weight of CaO fine powder added into the iron ore powder with the particle size of more than 5.0mm is as follows,
in the formulas 2 to 6, T ═ W1+W2k2+W3k3+W4k4+W5k5:k1＝1,
a is the surface reaction coefficient;
4) respectively placing the mixed ore powder cylindrical samples with different granularity levels in a heating furnace for heating, heating to 1250-;
5) taking out the sample from the heating furnace, measuring the vertical projection area of the sample, calculating the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder sample of each granularity level according to a formula 7,
in equation 7: FLPiLiquid fluidity indexes of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels are dimensionless; according to the particle size of the iron ore powder, the particle size is FLP from small to large1，FLP2，FLP3，FLP4，FLP5；Si0Vertical projection area in mm before flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；SiVertical projection area in mm after flowing of iron ore powder samples of various granularity levels2；
6) Calculating the liquid phase fluidity of the iron ore powder sample according to a formula 8,
FLP in the formula 8 is the liquid phase fluidity index of the iron ore powder; wiThe mass percentage of the iron ore powder of each granularity level is as follows according to the granularity of the iron ore powder from small to big: w1，W2，W3，W4，W5。
2. The method for detecting the liquidity of the liquid phase of the iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine CaO powder in the step 2) is analytically ground with a pure CaO reagent to a fine powder with a particle size of less than 149 μm.
3. The method for detecting the liquid-phase fluidity of the iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic binder in the step 3) is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass percentage of the organic binder in the mixed ore powder sample is 0.3-1.0%.
4. The method for detecting the liquid phase fluidity of iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface reaction coefficient a in step 3) is 0.20 to 0.25.
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