CN109489065A - Based on the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of discharged nitrous oxides Index Constraints - Google Patents

Based on the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of discharged nitrous oxides Index Constraints Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109489065A
CN109489065A CN201811200114.5A CN201811200114A CN109489065A CN 109489065 A CN109489065 A CN 109489065A CN 201811200114 A CN201811200114 A CN 201811200114A CN 109489065 A CN109489065 A CN 109489065A
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Prior art keywords
value
combustion
load
nitrogen oxides
flue gas
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CN201811200114.5A
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CN109489065B (en
Inventor
胡真
张振亮
陈小容
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HANGZHOU DELIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HANGZHOU DELIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/005—Regulating air supply or draught using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/06—Sampling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/10—Correlation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05003—Measuring NOx content in flue gas

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to gas industry field of boilers, and in particular to a kind of method for controlling combustion.One of present invention is included the following steps: 1. by connecting environmentally friendly authorities or consulting local environmental requirement, is set gaseous pollutant emission concentration standard value Ah based on the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of discharged nitrous oxides Index Constraints；2. acquiring nitrous oxides concentration value Ai, the sampling period TNOx of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer is considered, M is set as according to scene setting nitrogen oxides sampling number, and do average value processing.Beneficial effects of the present invention: the flue gas information stream provided by the flue gas on-line analysis system carries out restrictive control to gas industry boiler and mildness controls, not only ensured that gas industry boiler emission was up to state standards, but also the efficiency of combustion of boiler is made to reach highest.

Description

Based on the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of discharged nitrous oxides Index Constraints
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas industry field of boilers, and in particular to a kind of method for controlling combustion.
Background technique
Coal changed gas engineering since 2000, until having more than ten years at present, not to nitrogen oxides in existing control equipment It is controlled；In addition nitrogen oxides and burning load are reversed index, work as burning in gas industry boiler actual moving process Firepower is bigger, and the generating rate of nitrogen oxides is faster；When combusting firepower is smaller, the generation of nitrogen oxides is non-thread according to ignition temperature Property decline, therefore existing boiler combustion control method be easy to cause discharged nitrous oxides exceeded.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Combustion System sides for controlling oxynitrides Method.
One of present invention is based on the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of discharged nitrous oxides Index Constraints, including such as Lower step:
1. setting gaseous pollutant emission concentration standard value by connecting environmentally friendly authorities or consulting local environmental requirement Ah；
2. acquiring nitrous oxides concentration value Ai, the sampling period of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer is considered TNOx is set as M according to scene setting nitrogen oxides sampling number, and does average value processing；
Ai is i-th nitrous oxides concentration sampled value,Indicate M sampling mean value, TNOx indicates the sampling week of nitrogen oxides Phase；
2. acquiring oxygen concentration of flue gas value Oi, the sampling period TO2 of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer, root are considered It is set as N according to scene setting oxygen amount sampling number, calculates excess air coefficient α, and do average value processing；
α i indicates i-th excess air coefficient,
3. burning adjusts control algolithm:
Using incremental Combustion System, specific algorithm is as follows:
Burning load exports u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k),
Δ u (k)=Kp*e (k)+Ki*e (k-1)+Kd*e (k-2),
E (k) is that load target value P target subtracts load P actual value,
Kp, Ki, Kd are coefficient of the Traditional PID after operation makes a variation；
4. the burning optimization under nitrogen oxides constraint condition adjusts control
1. establishing table look-up system: under conditions of the constraint boiler combustion operation of no nitrogen oxides, extracting load P, burning Device throttle opening Y, nitrogen oxidesAnd excess air coefficientCorrespondence operation data sample, establish table look-up system；
2. the combustion control under nitrogen oxides constraint condition:
The Safe width threshold value A 0 of discharged nitrous oxides, load P are set, load target value is PTarget；Flue gas analyzer Precision is Am
After boiler operates normally, Load Regulation is as follows:
a、Then Combustion System output is as follows:
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k),
b、Load deviation Δ P=P-P target
Consider precision existing for the equipment of detection load itself and equipment operation situation, sets permissible load deviation as K0
As Δ p >=K0, Combustion System output
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k)
As Δ p < K0, Combustion System output
U (k) two u (k-1)+ε
Wherein Yh1 is the upper limit value of throttle opening, and Yl1 is the lower limit value of throttle opening, and Δ A is the nitrogen oxides row of setting Put change step；
To prevent throttle opening output variation from causing very much the change dramatically of nitrogen oxides fastly, therefore, the design of ε controls paces It needs as small as possible.A burner is generally used to complete in the combustion system of middle-size and small-size gas industry boiler.The wind of burner Door executing agency's normal regulating range be 25%~100%, the amplitude of accommodation 75%, according to the air door actuating mechanism of burner from The journey time of walking of 25%~100% test is calculated as 30S, and therefore, burner walks the ÷ of Cheng Jingdu=75% 30=2.5%/s. In addition, according to the performance parameter of flue gas on-line analysis instrument, preferably, Δ A is the measurement accuracy value Am of nitrogen oxides.
When ε < 2.5%, then ε=2.5%
When ε >=2.5%, then
Therefore, as Δ p < K0, Combustion System output:
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the flue gas information stream provided by the flue gas on-line analysis system is to gas industry pot Furnace carries out restrictive control and mildness control, has not only ensured that gas industry boiler emission was up to state standards, but also make boiler Efficiency of combustion reaches highest.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail below, but this should not be interpreted as to the range of above-mentioned theme of the invention only It is limited to above-described embodiment.
A kind of optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of Index Constraints based on discharged nitrous oxides, includes the following steps:
Ratio nitrogenous in gas component is very low in gas industry boiler, and therefore, fuel type produces in NO_x formation Raw ratio is very low.Because ignition temperature is very high in gas industry boiler, it is mainly thought of as the nitrogen oxides of heating power type generation.It is opening In dynamic boiler process, flame temperature is very low, substantially at 1000 DEG C hereinafter, and generally at 1300 DEG C or less when NO_x formation compared with Few, therefore, the invention patent only considers again nitrogen oxygen of the boiler load after steady combustion from Smaller load into adjustment process at full capacity The constraint of compound controls；
1. acquiring nitrous oxides concentration value Ai, the sampling period of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer is considered TN0x is set as M according to scene setting nitrogen oxides sampling number, and does average value processing；
Ai is i-th nitrous oxides concentration sampled value,Indicate M sampling mean value, TN0x indicates the sampling week of nitrogen oxides Phase；
2. acquiring oxygen concentration of flue gas value Oi, the sampling period TO2 of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer, root are considered It is set as N according to scene setting oxygen amount sampling number, calculates excess air coefficient α, and do average value processing；
α i indicates i-th excess air coefficient,
3. burning adjusts control algolithm:
Using incremental Combustion System, specific algorithm is as follows:
Combustion System exports u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k),
Δ u (k+1)=Kp*e (k)+Ki*e (k-1)+Kd*e (k-2),
E (k) is that load target value P target subtracts load P actual value
Kp, Ki, Kd: being respectively coefficient of the Traditional PID after operation makes a variation；
4. the burning optimization under nitrogen oxides constraint condition adjusts control
1. extracting load P, burner throttle aperture Y, nitrogen under conditions of the constraint boiler combustion operation of no nitrogen oxides OxideAnd excess air coefficientCorrespondence operation data sample, establish table look-up system.
2. the combustion control under nitrogen oxides constraint condition:
Management is optimized, to avoid discharged nitrous oxides to burning grading control according to NO formation mechanism Overshoot, according to the appropriate deviation A0 of the precision setting of flue gas analyzer；Load is P, and load target value is PTarget
After boiler operates normally, Load Regulation is as follows:
a、Then Combustion System output is as follows:
Y (k)=u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k)
b、Load deviation Δ P=P-P target
The most perfect condition of boiler operatiopn is A0 → 0, and Δ P → 0, system were not only met environmental requirements, but also reached saving energy The purpose in source.But in actual moving process, because there is a constraint of amount of nitrogen oxides, Traditional PID is adjusted can not be according to having worked as Preceding incremental control algolithm reaches the demand of optimum load.In order to infinitely approach burning optimal match point, work as boiler operatiopn After stabilization, system disengages PID and adjusts, and carries out combustion control using control algolithm+table look-up system is manually approached.
Consider precision existing for the equipment of detection load itself and equipment operation situation, it is therefore, load deviation is final Value be determined as K0
When | Δ p | when≤K0, Combustion System output
Y (k)=u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k)
As Δ p > K0, according to PID arithmetic trend, Combustion System output will be gradually reduced, according to NO_x formation machine Reason, the concentration of nitrogen oxides will also gradually reduce, therefore, Combustion System output
Y (k)=u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k)
As Δ p < K0, load does not reach target value, in order to enable Combustion System output and nitrogen oxides can be smoothed It crosses to optimum value, system uses mildness control algolithm, Combustion System output:
Y (k)=u (k)+ε
According to temperature and nitrogen oxides curved line relation and table look-up system, in nitrogen oxides (Ah-Ao)~section Ah and air door Aperture YL1~YH1Approximate ratio relationship is established in section, then
To prevent the throttle opening variation of burner from causing very much the change dramatically of nitrogen oxides fastly, therefore, the design of ε is controlled Paces need as small as possible.A burner is generally used to complete in the combustion system of middle-size and small-size gas industry boiler.Burner Air door actuating mechanism normal regulating range be 25%~100% aperture, the amplitude of accommodation 75%, according to the air door of burner Executing agency from 25%~100% test the journey time of walking be calculated as 30S, therefore, air door actuating mechanism walk Cheng Jingdu= 75% ÷ 30=2.5%/s.In addition, being set the accuracy value of nitrogen oxides to according to the performance parameter of flue gas on-line analysis instrument Am。
When ε < 2.5%, then ε=2.5%
When ε >=2.5%, then
Therefore, as Δ p < K0, Combustion System output:

Claims (2)

1. the optimized control method of combustion under the conditions of a kind of Index Constraints based on discharged nitrous oxides, includes the following steps:
A) by connecting environmentally friendly authorities or consulting local environmental requirement, gaseous pollutant emission concentration standard value Ah is set；
B) nitrous oxides concentration value Ai is acquired, considers the sampling period TNOx of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer, root It is set as M according to scene setting nitrogen oxides sampling number, and does average value processing；
Ai is i-th nitrous oxides concentration sampled value,Indicate M sampling mean value, TNOx indicates the sampling period of nitrogen oxides；
Oxygen concentration of flue gas value Oi is acquired, the sampling period TO2 of gas industry boiler type and flue gas analyzer is considered, according to scene Setting oxygen amount sampling number is set as N, calculates excess air coefficient α, and do average value processing；
α i indicates i-th excess air coefficient,
C) burning adjusts control algolithm:
Using incremental Combustion System, specific algorithm is as follows:
Combustion System exports u (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k),
Δ u (k)=Kp*e (k)+Ki*e (k-1)+Kd*e (k-2),
E (k) is that load target value P target subtracts load P actual value,
Kp, Ki, Kd are coefficient of the Traditional PID after operation makes a variation；
D) burning optimization under nitrogen oxides constraint condition adjusts control
1. establishing table look-up system: under conditions of the constraint boiler combustion operation of no nitrogen oxides, extracting load P, burner wind Door aperture Y, nitrogen oxidesAnd excess air coefficientCorrespondence operation data sample, establish table look-up system；
2. the combustion control under nitrogen oxides constraint condition:
The Safe width threshold value A 0 of discharged nitrous oxides, load P are set, load target value is PTarget；The precision of flue gas analyzer For Am
After boiler operates normally, Load Regulation is as follows:
a、Then Combustion System output is as follows:
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k),
b、Load deviation Δ P=P-P target
Permissible load deviation is set as K0
As Δ p >=K0, burning output
U (k)=u (k-1)+Δ u (k)
As Δ p < K0, burning output
U (k)=u (k-1)+ε
Wherein Yh1 is the upper limit value of throttle opening, and Yl1 is the lower limit value of throttle opening, and Δ A is that the discharged nitrous oxides of setting become More step-length.
2. the combustion control side under the conditions of a kind of Index Constraints based on discharged nitrous oxides according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that Δ A is the measurement accuracy value Am of nitrogen oxides.
CN201811200114.5A 2018-10-15 2018-10-15 Combustion optimization control method based on nitrogen oxide emission index constraint condition Active CN109489065B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113048510A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-06-29 中嘉能源管理（北京）有限公司 Automatic calibration system and method for flue gas emission

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CN103322547A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-25 西安艾贝尔科技发展有限公司 Boiler control and combustion optimization method
CN106500128A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-03-15 东北电力大学 Power plant boiler NOx emission control method under a kind of varying load condition
CN206377689U (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-08-04 珠海市柏克莱能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of boiler smoke oxygen content kinetic-control system
CN206449681U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-08-29 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 A kind of air classification/part oxygen-enriched combusting station boiler NOxControl system
WO2018001964A1 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-01-04 Ahmad Reza Shirazi Method for controlling distribution of air factors in industrial reactors by proactive oxygen and temperature measurements

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101251263A (en) * 2007-12-28 2008-08-27 上海电力学院 Power boiler low NOx combustion method and control system based on wind powder closed-loop control
JP2013139966A (en) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-18 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp Method and device for automatically controlling nox in heating furnace
CN103322547A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-25 西安艾贝尔科技发展有限公司 Boiler control and combustion optimization method
WO2018001964A1 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-01-04 Ahmad Reza Shirazi Method for controlling distribution of air factors in industrial reactors by proactive oxygen and temperature measurements
CN206449681U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-08-29 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 A kind of air classification/part oxygen-enriched combusting station boiler NOxControl system
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CN106500128A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-03-15 东北电力大学 Power plant boiler NOx emission control method under a kind of varying load condition

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113048510A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-06-29 中嘉能源管理（北京）有限公司 Automatic calibration system and method for flue gas emission

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