CN109482167A - 一种光催化剂喷雾及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光催化剂喷雾及其制备方法,将硫酸氧钛与四乙氧基硅烷的混合溶液在氨水和乙二醇单***的作用下经过沉淀、过滤、水洗、煅烧形成成粉体;将粉体均匀分散在分散液中,并加入成膜剂,制成前驱液;前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封制得光催化剂喷雾。本方法工艺简单,反应时间短,生成的纳米球体的组成均匀,二氧化钛均匀分布在二氧化硅纳米球中,该纳米球不仅能在光照下分解有害物质,还能吸附有害物质,提高了二氧化钛的利用率,本方法制成的光催化喷雾对喷涂方式的要求较低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空气净化领域,特别是一种光催化剂喷雾及其制备方法。
背景技术
光催化剂以二氧化钛为代表,二氧化钛在吸收太阳光或照明光源中的紫外线后,能够发生氧化还原反应,表面形成强氧化性的氢氧自由基和超氧阴离子自由基,将空气中游离的有害物质分解成无害的二氧化碳和水,从而达到净化空气目的。并且光催化剂在常温条件下就可以发生氧化还原反应。室内空气中甲醛、苯、甲苯等含量超过限定标准就会严重危害人体健康,需要采取有效的室内空气净化措施。现有的光催化剂喷雾一般包括光催化剂和成膜剂,使用时喷在释放有害物质的物体上,比如层压板,清漆表面等。现有的光催化及喷雾存在的问题是,如果业主在装修完成后后才使用光催化剂喷雾,那么游离在空气中的有害物质就难以被捕捉到,这部分有害物质就不能被光催化剂分解。并且,喷撒光催化剂喷雾时,对喷洒方法也有较高要求,喷洒要均匀并且几乎完全覆盖释放有害物质的物体表面,如果喷洒量不够或喷洒不均匀,就会有部分有害物质未被光催化剂喷雾催化就挥发到空气中,之所以对喷洒方法要求高,是因为现有的光催化喷雾不具备捕捉有害物质的能力,只能通过喷涂时候完全覆盖在散播有害物质的物体表面,才能阻挡有害物质挥发并且将有害物质分解。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种光催化剂喷雾及其制备方法,具有能够捕捉有害物质的优点。
本发明解决其技术问题的解决方案是:
一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
s1、取硫酸氧钛1~2克溶于稀硫酸制成溶液5~50毫升;
s2、加入2~5毫升四乙氧基硅烷到步骤s1得到的溶液中,搅拌均匀;
s3、缓慢地将5~20毫升的氨水、20~70毫升乙二醇单***同时加入步骤s2得到的溶液中,保持搅拌;
s4、将步骤s3得到的沉淀物过滤,水洗,煅烧成粉体;
s5、将步骤s4得到的粉体均匀分散在分散液中,得到悬浮液;
s6、在步骤s5得到的悬浮液中加入成膜剂,高速搅拌得到分散均匀的前驱液;
s7、按照填充量为10~80%的比例将步骤s7得到的前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封。
现有技术中常用的光催化剂包括纳米二氧化钛、纳米三氧化钨、纳米氧化锌等粉体,三种纳米粉体都可以采用均匀沉淀法制备,其中纳米二氧化钛的制备条件最温和,纳米三氧化钨需要在强酸中沉淀制得,纳米氧化锌的制备对溶液的PH范围有很高的要求,因为沉淀物氢氧化锌具有两性。为了将光催化剂与硅元素同时沉淀,所以采用沉淀条件接近的纳米二氧化钛作为光催化剂。
用稀硫酸溶解硫酸氧钛可以防止提前析出氢氧化钛,保证硫酸氧钛充分溶解;四乙氧基硅烷溶解于极性溶剂,将硫酸氧钛和四乙氧基硅烷搅拌均匀的目的是使步骤s3制备得到的沉淀中钛元素与硅元素均匀混合,步骤s2中可以采用高速搅拌或适当升温至45度左右,使得步骤s2值得的溶液更加均匀;步骤s3中加入氨水和乙二醇单***,搅拌时,生成相互包裹的混合物晶体;由于乙二醇单***的作用,煅烧后生成的混合物粉体是多孔状的纳米球;可以采用高速沙磨机将步骤s4得到的粉体均匀分散在分散液中。
本方法工艺简单,反应时间短,生成的纳米球体的组成均匀,二氧化钛均匀分布在二氧化硅纳米球中,该纳米球不仅能在光照下分解有害物质,还能吸附有害物质,提高了二氧化钛的利用率,本方法制成的光催化喷雾对喷涂方式的要求较低。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述稀硫酸的PH值为5.5~6.5。用弱酸性的溶液防止氢氧化钛被析出,提高其溶解度,但又不至于消耗太多氨水,以至于后续和氨水反应释放过多热量,引起乙二醇单***挥发。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,加入乙二醇单***的速率是30~70毫升每分钟,乙二醇单***加完后,再继续加氨水5~15秒。缓慢加入避免产生大量热,并且,给予充分的时间来搅拌,使得混合物晶体分散更加均匀。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述分散液为1~5%多聚钛酸胶体与95~99%的去离子水的混合物,或为1~5%多聚钛酸胶体与95~99%的乙醇的混合物。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述成膜剂为纳米二氧化钛溶胶。
一种光催化剂喷雾,由以上任一项的光催化剂喷雾的制备方法制得。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的方法制备的光催化喷雾,主要成分是多孔二氧化硅包裹二氧化钛的纳米球体,光催化分解有害物质的同时还能够吸附有害物质,提高二氧化钛的利用率,降低光催化喷雾的有效喷洒的难度。
具体实施方式
实施例一:
取硫酸氧钛2克、四乙氧基硅烷5毫升,溶于PH值为6的稀硫酸30毫升,搅拌均匀;将15毫升的氨水、50毫升乙二醇单***分别装入两个分液漏斗备用,其中,氨水的PH值为9,同时将两个分液漏斗打开,加入前一步得到的溶液中,保持搅拌,乙二醇单***滴完后,保持搅拌,氨水再继续滴加10秒,剩余的氨水舍去,舍去的氨水为3.3毫升;将上一步得到的沉淀物过滤,水洗,在500摄氏度煅烧5小时制得纳米粉体;按重量份称取5份纳米粉体、2份多聚钛酸胶体与93份去离子水充分混合,得到悬浮液;按重量比称取悬浮液85份、纳米二氧化钛溶胶15份,高速搅拌得到分散均匀的前驱液;按照填充量为70%的比例将前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封。
实施例二:
取硫酸氧钛3克、四乙氧基硅烷5毫升,溶于PH值为6的稀硫酸30毫升,搅拌均匀;将15毫升的氨水、50毫升乙二醇单***分别装入两个分液漏斗备用,其中,氨水的PH值为9,同时将两个分液漏斗打开,加入前一步得到的溶液中,保持搅拌,乙二醇单***滴完后,保持搅拌,氨水再继续滴加10秒,剩余的氨水舍去,舍去的氨水为3.5毫升;将上一步得到的沉淀物过滤,水洗,在500摄氏度煅烧5小时制得纳米粉体;按重量份称取5份纳米粉体、2份多聚钛酸胶体与93份去离子水充分混合,得到悬浮液;按重量比称取悬浮液85份、纳米二氧化钛溶胶15份,高速搅拌得到分散均匀的前驱液;按照填充量为70%的比例将前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封。
实施例三:
取硫酸氧钛4克、四乙氧基硅烷5毫升,溶于PH值为6的稀硫酸30毫升,搅拌均匀;将15毫升的氨水、50毫升乙二醇单***分别装入两个分液漏斗备用,其中,氨水的PH值为9,同时将两个分液漏斗打开,加入前一步得到的溶液中,保持搅拌,乙二醇单***滴完后,保持搅拌,氨水再继续滴加10秒,剩余的氨水舍去,舍去的氨水为3.5毫升;将上一步得到的沉淀物过滤,水洗,在500摄氏度煅烧5小时制得纳米粉体;按重量份称取5份纳米粉体、2份多聚钛酸胶体与93份去离子水充分混合,得到悬浮液;按重量比称取悬浮液85份、纳米二氧化钛溶胶15份,高速搅拌得到分散均匀的前驱液;按照填充量为70%的比例将前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封。
参考《QB/T2761-2006室内空气净化产品净化效果测定方法》测定,具体测试报告如表1所示,被测污染物是甲醛,测试持续时间24小时。
表1
试验舱浓度(mg/m<sup>3</sup>) | 去除率(%) | |
实施例一 | 22 | 77.8% |
实施例二 | 14 | 85.9% |
实施例三 | 12 | 87.9% |
空白组 | 99.5 | 0 |
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,故不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
s1、取硫酸氧钛1~2克溶于稀硫酸制成溶液5~50毫升;
s2、加入2~5毫升四乙氧基硅烷到步骤s1得到的溶液中,搅拌均匀;
s3、缓慢地将5~20毫升的氨水、20~70毫升乙二醇单***同时加入步骤s2得到的溶液中,保持搅拌;
s4、将步骤s3得到的沉淀物过滤,水洗,煅烧成粉体;
s5、将步骤s4得到的粉体均匀分散在分散液中,得到悬浮液;
s6、在步骤s5得到的悬浮液中加入成膜剂,高速搅拌得到分散均匀的前驱液;
s7、按照填充量为10~80%的比例将步骤s7得到的前驱液加入喷雾罐,采用一步压力罐装法充入抛射剂后密封。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,其特征在于:所述稀硫酸的PH值为5.5~6.5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,其特征在于:加入乙二醇单***的速率是30~70毫升每分钟,乙二醇单***加完后,再继续加氨水5~15秒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,其特征在于:所述分散液为1~5%多聚钛酸胶体与95~99%的去离子水的混合物,或为1~5%多聚钛酸胶体与95~99%的乙醇的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种光催化剂喷雾的制备方法,其特征在于:所述成膜剂为纳米二氧化钛溶胶。
6.一种光催化剂喷雾,其特征在于:由权利要求1~5中任一项的光催化剂喷雾的制备方法制得。
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