CN109471699B - Virtual machine incremental backup system based on difference bitmap characteristics of Qcow2 image file - Google Patents
Virtual machine incremental backup system based on difference bitmap characteristics of Qcow2 image file Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1448—Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1458—Management of the backup or restore process
- G06F11/1469—Backup restoration techniques
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtualized data backup in the field of cloud computing, and particularly relates to a Qcow2 mirror image file-based virtual machine incremental backup system based on the difference bitmap characteristics. The system comprises: the system comprises a backup client module, a backup client interface module, a backup data read-write module and a backup data preprocessing module; compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the backup file can be efficiently generated or downloaded, a backup data special exchange memory partition is arranged in the backup preprocessing module and used for pre-reading or writing backup recovery data, the backup efficiency can be improved, and the backup processing module does not depend on a backup agent. (2) In a backup window, backup data in each time period are generated into incremental backup files based on the latest backup differential bitmap, so that the storage space can be saved. (3) The backup requirements under two modes of single node and cluster are supported, and the method can adapt to various file systems as the storage resources of the virtual machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtualized data backup in the field of cloud computing, and particularly relates to a Qcow2 mirror image file-based virtual machine incremental backup system based on the difference bitmap characteristics.
Background
Currently, virtualization technologies are widely applied to various organizations such as governments, armies, schools, hospitals, enterprises and the like to provide information services, and due to the openness and network complexity of a virtualization environment, user data and applications stored on a virtualization system platform face security threats. Therefore, how to efficiently protect user data on the virtualization platform becomes a hot issue of application virtualization security.
At present, the virtualization backup method for kvm at home and abroad mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) the method based on the internal agent of the operating system comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a special agent is installed on an operating system, data backup is realized through operating system volume mapping copy service or file system real-time copying, and then the data are transmitted to third-party backup software. The method has the disadvantages of complex deployment and implementation and complex management; it requires a dedicated backup recovery agent to be installed in each virtual machine, interfering too much with the internal operation behavior of the user virtual machine.
(2) The method based on the qemu virtualization online snapshot instruction comprises the following steps: according to the method, user data is backed up to a temporary data area through an existing virtual snapshot management command, and then the data is transmitted to third-party backup software. The disadvantage of this approach is that incremental backups are not supported; the dependence on the virtual machine image file cloned for multiple times cannot be managed; incremental backup of virtual machine image files cannot be achieved.
(3) Based on the virtual machine storage as a snapshot of the logical volume: the method realizes data snapshot backup of virtual machine data through a snapshot mechanism of the lvm. The method has the defects that the online snapshot of the cluster virtual machine is not supported, the virtual machine storage can only be used for storage based on the logical volume, and the method cannot adapt to various file systems as the storage resource of the virtual machine.
In view of the above prior art, the disadvantages include:
(1) due to the openness and network complexity of the virtualized environment, the core critical resources face security threats. Meanwhile, the virtualization system and the basic software and hardware facilities are basically dominated by foreign manufacturers, and huge potential safety hazards exist, so that the backup technology for the foreign virtualization system has huge safety threats;
(2) most of the domestic virtualization backup technologies need to install a backup agent on a virtual machine, and a large amount of server resources are occupied when a backup task is executed, so that normal service operation is influenced, and the efficiency of the backup technology is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a virtual machine incremental backup system based on the difference bitmap characteristics of the Qcow2 image file.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a virtual machine incremental backup system based on the difference bitmap characteristics of a Qcow2 image file, the system includes: the system comprises a backup client module, a backup client interface module, a backup data read-write module and a backup data preprocessing module;
the backup client module is used for logging in a user, checking user information, setting backup priority of a user virtual machine, sequentially adding a backup read-write task queue, generating a task request according to backup data of the user virtual machine, and transmitting the task request to the backup data read-write module through the backup client interface module;
the backup data read-write module is used for responding to a task request of the backup client module and transmitting the backup data of the user virtual machine to the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
the backup data preprocessing module is used for setting a special exchange memory partition for backup data and receiving the backup data sent by the backup data reading and writing module; the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine set by the backup client module, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; and the backup data preprocessing module sequentially generates backup files according to the backup read-write queue and then sends the backup files to the user virtual machine.
The principle that the backup files are sequentially generated according to the backup read-write queue in the backup data preprocessing module is as follows:
the backup data preprocessing module sets an exchange memory partition special for backup data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of the user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel and forms a full file according to the initial data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data reading and writing module through a differential bitmap based on the differential bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and generates an incremental backup file on the basis of a full file;
and the backup data preprocessing module sends an incremental backup file to the user virtual machine through the backup dedicated channel.
In the swap memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects, based on the difference bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data read-write module through the difference bitmap, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and in the process of generating an incremental backup file based on the full file:
in the process of generating the incremental backup file, recording the change condition of each mirror image block in the address space of the user virtual machine in the exchange memory partition by using a difference bitmap, wherein 0 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is not changed, and 1 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is changed;
the bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to each mirror image block in the full-volume file is 0;
in the incremental backup file, a bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to the changed mirror block is set to 1 from 0.
In a backup window, the address space of the virtual machine before backup is emptied after backup, and only the information of the differential bitmap is reserved; the backup data in each time period is based on the last backup difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file.
The data transmission between the backup data preprocessing module and the user virtual machine adopts a special backup dedicated channel, and a read-write data channel of the user virtual machine is not occupied.
And user virtual machines with the same priority are arranged in the read-write task queue according to the time sequence.
The backup data read-write module comprises a breakpoint continuous transmission module, and is used for realizing the breakpoint continuous transmission function in the process of sending or downloading the backup data of the user virtual machine.
The backup process of the system comprises the following steps:
step A1: a backup client module initiates a task request of backup and sets backup priority of a user virtual machine;
step A2: the backup data read-write module responds to the task request and sends the backup data of the user virtual machine to a special exchange memory partition for the backup data in the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
step A3: the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; the backup data preprocessing module arranges the transmission sequence of the backup data in turn according to the backup read-write queue;
step A4: for the first backup, a backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of a user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel, and forms a full file according to the initial data to complete full backup;
step A5: for the second backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file;
step A6: and in the third backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the differential bitmap, clears the address space of the virtual machine before backup after backup, only retains the information of the differential bitmap, and generates an incremental backup file.
Step A7: the nth backup is shown as step a6 operation.
(III) advantageous effects
Aiming at the problem of data loss in the virtual machine after the mirror image of the virtual machine is damaged, the invention develops an incremental backup technology with high safety, high efficiency and high reliability. The method aims to establish a safe and efficient virtual machine incremental backup scheme based on the difference bitmap characteristic of a Qcow2 image file, the scheme does not need to install a backup agent tool, an incremental backup file is generated through the new characteristic of the difference bitmap, a backup special data exchange memory partition is set, and particularly the generation of backup data and the reading of the backup data are asynchronously achieved in the exchange memory partition according to a user requirement reading strategy. The scheme supports backup requirements under two modes of a single node and a cluster, can adapt to storage resources of various file systems as virtual machines, simultaneously adopts an encryption card internal secret key and a user input pin code to encrypt the virtual machines and sets a special encryption transmission channel, ensures that backup data is not utilized by malicious users, and is efficient, reliable and safe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the backup file can be efficiently generated or downloaded, a backup data special exchange memory partition is arranged in the backup preprocessing module and used for pre-reading or writing backup recovery data, the backup efficiency can be improved, and the backup processing module does not depend on a backup agent.
(2) In a backup window, backup data in each time period are generated into incremental backup files based on the latest backup differential bitmap, so that the storage space can be saved.
(3) The backup requirements under two modes of single node and cluster are supported, and the method can adapt to various file systems as the storage resources of the virtual machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the technical solution of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a variation of the difference bitmap according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating an incremental backup file according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a virtual machine incremental backup system based on the difference bitmap characteristics of a Qcow2 image file, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: the system comprises a backup client module, a backup client interface module, a backup data read-write module and a backup data preprocessing module;
the backup client module is used for logging in a user, checking user information, setting backup priority of a user virtual machine, sequentially adding a backup read-write task queue, generating a task request according to backup data of the user virtual machine, and transmitting the task request to the backup data read-write module through the backup client interface module;
the backup data read-write module is used for responding to a task request of the backup client module and transmitting the backup data of the user virtual machine to the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
the backup data preprocessing module is used for setting a special exchange memory partition for backup data and receiving the backup data sent by the backup data reading and writing module; the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine set by the backup client module, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; and the backup data preprocessing module sequentially generates backup files according to the backup read-write queue and then sends the backup files to the user virtual machine.
The principle that the backup files are sequentially generated according to the backup read-write queue in the backup data preprocessing module is as follows:
the backup data preprocessing module sets an exchange memory partition special for backup data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of the user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel and forms a full file according to the initial data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data reading and writing module through a differential bitmap based on the differential bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and generates an incremental backup file on the basis of a full file;
and the backup data preprocessing module sends an incremental backup file to the user virtual machine through the backup dedicated channel.
In the swap memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects, based on the difference bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data read-write module through the difference bitmap, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and in the process of generating an incremental backup file based on the full file:
in the process of generating the incremental backup file, recording the change condition of each mirror image block in the address space of the user virtual machine in the exchange memory partition by using a difference bitmap, wherein 0 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is not changed, and 1 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is changed;
the bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to each mirror image block in the full-volume file is 0;
in the incremental backup file, a bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to the changed mirror block is set to 1 from 0.
As shown in fig. 2, in the address space of the virtual machine, the gray part is the mirror image blocks of data change, and the bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to these mirror image blocks is 1; unchanged mirror blocks are fast, and the bits in the difference bitmap corresponding to these mirror blocks are 0.
In a backup window, the address space of the virtual machine before backup is emptied after backup, and only the information of the differential bitmap is reserved; the backup data in each time period is based on the last backup difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file. As shown in fig. 3.
The data transmission between the backup data preprocessing module and the user virtual machine adopts a special backup dedicated channel, and a read-write data channel of the user virtual machine is not occupied.
And user virtual machines with the same priority are arranged in the read-write task queue according to the time sequence.
The backup data read-write module comprises a breakpoint continuous transmission module, and is used for realizing the breakpoint continuous transmission function in the process of sending or downloading the backup data of the user virtual machine.
The backup process of the system comprises the following steps:
step A1: a backup client module initiates a task request of backup and sets backup priority of a user virtual machine;
step A2: the backup data read-write module responds to the task request and sends the backup data of the user virtual machine to a special exchange memory partition for the backup data in the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
step A3: the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; the backup data preprocessing module arranges the transmission sequence of the backup data in turn according to the backup read-write queue;
step A4: for the first backup, a backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of a user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel, and forms a full file according to the initial data to complete full backup;
step A5: for the second backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file;
step A6: and in the third backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the differential bitmap, clears the address space of the virtual machine before backup after backup, only retains the information of the differential bitmap, and generates an incremental backup file.
Step A7: the nth backup is shown as step a6 operation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A Qcow2 image file-based virtual machine incremental backup system based on difference bitmap characteristics, the system comprises: the system comprises a backup client module, a backup client interface module, a backup data read-write module and a backup data preprocessing module;
the backup client module is used for logging in a user, checking user information, setting backup priority of a user virtual machine, sequentially adding a backup read-write task queue, generating a task request according to backup data of the user virtual machine, and transmitting the task request to the backup data read-write module through the backup client interface module;
the backup data read-write module is used for responding to a task request of the backup client module and transmitting the backup data of the user virtual machine to the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
the backup data preprocessing module is used for setting a special exchange memory partition for backup data and receiving the backup data sent by the backup data reading and writing module; the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine set by the backup client module, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; the backup data preprocessing module sequentially generates backup files according to the backup read-write queue and then sends the backup files to the user virtual machine;
in the backup data preprocessing module, the principle of sequentially generating backup files according to the backup read-write queue is as follows:
the backup data preprocessing module sets an exchange memory partition special for backup data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of the user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel and forms a full file according to the initial data;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data reading and writing module through a differential bitmap based on the differential bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and generates an incremental backup file on the basis of a full file;
the backup data preprocessing module sends an incremental backup file to the user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel;
in the exchange memory partition, the backup data preprocessing module detects the backup data of the user virtual machine transmitted by the backup data reading and writing module through a differential bitmap based on the differential bitmap characteristic of the Qcow2 mirror image file, detects the change of the user virtual machine, and in the process of generating an incremental backup file on the basis of a full file:
in the process of generating the incremental backup file, recording the change condition of each mirror image block in the address space of the user virtual machine in the exchange memory partition by using a difference bitmap, wherein 0 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is not changed, and 1 represents that the corresponding mirror image block is changed;
the bit in the difference bitmap corresponding to each mirror image block in the full-volume file is 0;
in the incremental backup file, setting a bit in a difference bitmap corresponding to the changed mirror image block from 0 to 1;
in a backup window, the address space of the virtual machine before backup is emptied after backup, and only the information of the differential bitmap is reserved; the backup data in each time period is based on the last backup difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file.
2. The Qcow2 image file-based incremental backup system for virtual machines according to claim 1, wherein data transfer between the backup data preprocessing module and the user virtual machine is performed by using a dedicated backup dedicated channel, and a read/write data channel of the user virtual machine is not occupied.
3. The Qcow2 image file-based virtual machine incremental backup system according to claim 1, wherein in the read-write task queue, user virtual machines with the same priority are arranged in chronological order.
4. The Qcow2 image file-based virtual machine incremental backup system according to claim 1, wherein the backup data read-write module comprises a breakpoint resume module, and is configured to implement a breakpoint resume function in a process of sending or downloading backup data of a user virtual machine.
5. The system for incremental backup of a virtual machine based on the differential bitmap property of the Qcow2 image file according to claim 1, wherein the backup process of the system comprises:
step A1: a backup client module initiates a task request of backup and sets backup priority of a user virtual machine;
step A2: the backup data read-write module responds to the task request and sends the backup data of the user virtual machine to a special exchange memory partition for the backup data in the backup data preprocessing module according to the task request;
step A3: the backup data preprocessing module sequentially adds backup read-write queues according to the backup priority of the user virtual machine, and the virtual machines with the same priority are arranged according to the time sequence; the backup data preprocessing module arranges the transmission sequence of the backup data in turn according to the backup read-write queue;
step A4: for the first backup, a backup data preprocessing module receives initial data of a user virtual machine through a backup dedicated channel, and forms a full file according to the initial data to complete full backup;
step A5: for the second backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the difference bitmap to generate an incremental backup file;
step A6: for the third backup, the backup data preprocessing module detects the change of the user virtual machine through the difference bitmap, the address space of the virtual machine before backup is emptied after backup, only the information of the difference bitmap is reserved, and an incremental backup file is generated;
step A7: the nth backup is shown as step a6 operation.
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| CN110837441A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-25 | 北京京航计算通讯研究所 | KVM virtual machine backup method based on dirty data bitmap and network block equipment |
| CN110837442B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-08-16 | 北京京航计算通讯研究所 | KVM virtual machine backup system based on dirty data bitmap and network block equipment |
| CN111625401B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-03-21 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Data backup method and device based on cluster file system and readable storage medium |
| CN112214279B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-05-31 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Method and system for creating virtual machine based on disk mirror image |
| CN112395050B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-02-23 | 深信服科技股份有限公司 | Virtual machine backup method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN115454723A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-09 | 安超云软件有限公司 | Data backup and recovery method and system based on storage snapshot |
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