CN109470387A - A kind of load cell and system for restraining the impact force between support plate - Google Patents

A kind of load cell and system for restraining the impact force between support plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109470387A
CN109470387A CN201811334077.7A CN201811334077A CN109470387A CN 109470387 A CN109470387 A CN 109470387A CN 201811334077 A CN201811334077 A CN 201811334077A CN 109470387 A CN109470387 A CN 109470387A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
load cell
elastic element
reflecting mirror
support plate
stress
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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CN201811334077.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
席志德
孙磊
马建中
朱永
王宁
赖姜
刘桓彤
胡俊
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Publication date
Application filed by Nuclear Power Institute of China filed Critical Nuclear Power Institute of China
Priority to CN201811334077.7A priority Critical patent/CN109470387A/en
Publication of CN109470387A publication Critical patent/CN109470387A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/241Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet by photoelastic stress analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/242Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the load cells and system of impact force between a kind of tube bank and support plate, load cell is installed on the support plate of steam generator, it is reflected after the optical signal transmission to mirror surface transmitted from collimating optical fibre by 90 degree, the optical signal transmission after refraction to stress elastic element lower surface;Optic testing system is used to provide incident light for load cell, the steering for passing through 90 ° of directions of reflecting mirror progress into the optical path of load cell, project stress elastic element lower surface, and form reflected light path, method Fabry-Parot interferent chamber is formed in stress elastic element lower surface and the upper surface of reflecting mirror, the distance between upper surface of stress elastic element lower surface and reflecting mirror is measured by the method for optical interference to calculate the deformation of stress elastic element;With not only can solve the limitation problem of installation space, but also the flowing of fluid cannot be influenced, have the characteristics that waterproof and anti-electromagnetic interference.

Description

A kind of load cell and system for restraining the impact force between support plate
Technical field
The present invention relates to strain-type force sensor and its development fields of measuring system, and in particular, to a kind of tube bank The load cell and system of impact force between support plate.
Background technique
Steam generator is one of key equipment in nuclear power capital equipment, is carry between one, secondary circuit Energy exchange, while be also primary Ioops radioactive substance barrier, be to prevent radioactive substance from leaking into two times from primary Ioops The important entity on road guarantees, safely and reliably run economically with it is all extremely important in nuclear safety.The biography of steam generator Heat pipe is easy to happen vibration under the two phase flow effect of secondary side, and bundle vibration can cause a series of mechanics of heat-transfer pipes to be asked Topic.Wherein the most it is apparent that there is the place in gap that micro- vibration erosion occurs between tube bank and support.Abrasion will lead to heat-transfer pipe Trommel, thus tube bank mechanical property sharply decline and become security risk.Once there is damaged, band in heat-transfer pipe tube bank Secondary circuit can be leaked by having the primary Ioops water of anti-penetrating property, cause extremely serious nuclear leakage accident.Therefore recognize and research is conducted heat Erosion problem between pipe and support is particularly important.And the abrasion that recognize and assess between heat-transfer pipe and support construction is asked Topic, needs to measure the impact force between heat-transfer pipe and support construction.
Power is the interaction between object, generallys use round-about way to measure: 1. will transform into bullet by dynamometry Property element deformation/strain, then measurement deformation;2. converting a force into the load for strand DNA on Surface of Quartz crystal, then measurement quartz Crystal output charge.First kind strain gauge transducer is the most commonly used, is typically designed to rod-shaped deformable body and two kinds of tubulose deformable body Form.
When power acts on deformable body (rod-shaped or tubulose), the strain of generation is by strain gage testing.Cause Very big for the stress surface of sensor, it is uneven that unbalance loading will lead to deformation;In the several strains of symmetrical location arrangements when design Piece uses their average values as output test value.In general, the symmetry of tubulose deformable body is better than column deformable body.
Second class pressure sensor is to configure piezoelectric crystal plate between two steel loops, and force acting on transducer is transmitted to quartz-crystal On body, charge is generated, is an electrode, the charge generated for receiving crystal between two crystal wafers;Equally, it uses cyclic crystalline Or the crystal that is arranged symmetrically solves the problems, such as unbalance loading.These two types of force snesors have mature commodity, however they have one A common problem is exactly " volume is big ".
Gap is smaller between steam generator heat-transfer pipe and support plate.In general the heat-transfer pipe of steam generator and bearing Gap very little between plate, only a few tenths of a mm, the thickness of support plate is also smaller to only have several millimeters thicks, this one small space There is limitation to the installation of sensor.The flowing of liquid is not influenced in small space and, it is desirable that the size of sensor size and support Quite, the volume requirement of this installation is not satisfied in the force snesor of existing electrical principles.If it is considered that water-proof sensor The size of elastic element cannot be made small, and size limited installation space if excessive is not easy to implement, it is therefore desirable to Studying has the load cell for meeting installation space, waterproof, anti-electromagnetic interference.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in nuclear-plant steam generator heat-transfer pipe beam Flow vibration out-pile simulation test, and measurement is steamed When impact force between vapour generator heating surface bank and support plate, and installation space too small by gap between the two is limited Feature, invent it is a kind of not only can solve the limitation problem of installation space with highly sensitive sensor and system, the sensor, but also The flowing that cannot influence fluid has the characteristics that waterproof and anti-electromagnetic interference.
For achieving the above object, on the one hand the application provides a kind of dynamometry for restraining the impact force between support plate Sensor, load cell include: installation base station, stress elastic element, reflecting mirror, collimating optical fibre and reflecting mirror connector, standard Straight optical fiber;Load cell is installed on the support plate of steam generator, and installation base station offers mounting groove, stress elastic element Lower end extends in mounting groove, and stress elastic element upper end is fixed on installation base station for carrying out stress detection;Reflecting mirror peace In mounting groove, collimating optical fibre one end is extended in the cavity of installation base station, and the cavity for installing base station is connected to mounting groove, quasi- Straight optical fiber is connect by collimating optical fibre with reflecting mirror connector with reflecting mirror, from the optical signal transmission that collimating optical fibre transmits to reflection It is reflected behind mirror surface by 90 degree, the optical signal transmission after refraction to stress elastic element lower surface;Optic testing system is used for There is provided incident light for load cell, into load cell optical path by reflecting mirror carry out 90 ° of directions steering, project Stress elastic element lower surface, and reflected light path is formed, method is formed in stress elastic element lower surface and the upper surface of reflecting mirror Fabry-Parot interferent chamber, by the method for optical interference measure the distance between upper surface of stress elastic element lower surface and reflecting mirror come Calculate the deformation of stress elastic element.The sensor can be applied to the smaller and conventional electrical measurement technology in space cannot be real The place applied, and there is waterproof performance, it can be applied to subaqueous survey, can be used for high temperature, hyperbaric environment.
On the other hand, present invention also provides a kind of dynamometric system of impact force between tube bank and support plate, the dynamometry System includes:
Load cell and optic testing system, optic testing system and load cell are attached by optical fiber;It surveys Force snesor is installed on the support plate of steam generator, and installation base station offers mounting groove, and stress elastic element lower end extends In mounting groove, stress elastic element upper end is fixed on installation base station for carrying out stress detection;Reflecting mirror is mounted on installation In slot, collimating optical fibre one end is extended in the cavity of installation base station, and the cavity for installing base station is connected to mounting groove, and collimating optical fibre is logical It crosses collimating optical fibre to connect with reflecting mirror connector with reflecting mirror, after the optical signal transmission to mirror surface transmitted from collimating optical fibre It is reflected by 90 degree, the optical signal transmission after refraction to stress elastic element lower surface;Optic testing system is used to pass for dynamometry Sensor provides incident light, and the steering in 90 ° of directions is carried out by reflecting mirror into the optical path of load cell, it is elastic to project stress Element undersurface, and reflected light path is formed, method Fabry-Parot interferent chamber is formed in stress elastic element lower surface and the upper surface of reflecting mirror, The distance between upper surface of stress elastic element lower surface and reflecting mirror is measured by the method for optical interference to calculate stress The deformation of elastic element.
The present invention measures the deflection of elastic force balance element using optical principle, and deflection is converted into impact force.This Invention devises the elastic element of load cell, and measures the elastic element under stress effect with optical fiber Fabry-Perot technology Strain, and the dependent variable of elastic element is converted into acting on impact force above using strain and the relationship of stress.The present invention Dedicated installation base station is devised, stressing device, stress elastic element, locking screw holes etc., which encapsulate, forms an entirety knot The thickness of sensor can be reduced with the direction transformation that reflecting mirror has carried out 90 ° to optical signal in the structure, and pass through biography by structure Guiding fiber is attached with test macro, is realized the conversion of optical signalling and electrical signal, is finally recorded mechanical signal And conversion.
Further, locking screw holes are additionally provided on the installation base station, locking screw holes carry out screw thread for being directed at straight optical fiber Connection locking.
Further, optic testing system includes: coupler, wideband light source, cylindrical mirror, matching wedge, CCD;It is wide Band light source provides incident light by optical fiber and coupler for load cell, and load cell reflected light path is passed along fiber coupler It is defeated to carry out calibration to cylindrical mirror and distribution becomes directional light, on directional light irradiation matching wedge and in wedge light path and dynamometry Bright fringes is formed at sensor light path difference matching to be acquired and read by CCD.
Further, the width of striped and the deflection of elastic element are directly proportional, and proportionality coefficient is carried out really with caliberating device It is fixed, load cell is demarcated, it is ensured that the relevant parameter in measurement range.
Further, load cell is used to measure the impact force between steam generator heat-transfer pipe and support plate.
Further, load cell is assembled by the way of encapsulation.
Further, the structural leadthroughs that the application utilizes are optical fiber, are solid to have water-proof function.In addition entire sensing Device part does not have electrical signal, will not respond to electrical signal, therefore has electromagnetism interference performance.
One or more technical solution provided by the present application, has at least the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) small in size, waterproof, anti-electromagnetic interference.
(2) high using optical fiber Fabry-Perot technology measurement strain precision.
(3) installation site is flexible, and the design of adaptability can be carried out according to different structures.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the load cell of impact force between tube bank and support plate in the application;
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of the measuring system of impact force between tube bank and support plate in the application;
Fig. 3 outputs and inputs relational graph for sensor;
Relation schematic diagram of the Fig. 4 between loading force and measuring force;
Fig. 5 is continuous percussion result schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is knocking enlarged drawing;
Fig. 7 is that signal graph is hit in measurement;
Fig. 8 is stress analysis schematic diagram;
Wherein, 1- installs base station;2- stress elastic element;3- reflecting mirror;4- collimating optical fibre and reflecting mirror connector;5- is quasi- Straight optical fiber;6- locking screw holes, 7- load cell;8- coupler;9- high-power broadband light source;10- cylindrical mirror;11- With wedge;12-CCD.
Specific embodiment
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real Applying mode, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting mutually, the application's Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also Implemented with being different from the other modes being described herein in range using other, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by under The limitation of specific embodiment disclosed in face.
Please refer to Fig. 1-2, this application provides it is a kind of tube bank support plate between impact force load cell and system, The sensor of Fig. 1 is installed on the support plate of steam generator, and wherein size can be designed according to specific measurement object.
High-power broadband light source 9 can provide incident light by optical fiber and coupler 8 for load cell in Fig. 2 first.Into The optical path for entering sensor can carry out the steering in 90 ° of directions by the reflecting mirror 3 in Fig. 1, be projected directly at force-measuring element 2 Lower surface, and reflected light path is formed, method Fabry-Parot interferent chamber, work are formd in the upper surface of force-measuring element lower surface and reflecting mirror Method when work by optical interference measures the distance between the two reflectings surface (optical path difference), calculates elasticity member in turn The deformation of part.When the force-measuring element 2 in Fig. 1 is by impact force, elastic element can occur bending and deformation, under elastic component Upper and lower displacement can occur for surface, and reflected light path changes, and reflected light path coupler 8 along optical fiber and Fig. 2 is transferred in Figure 16 Cylindrical mirror 10 carries out calibration and distribution becomes directional light.Directional light irradiates on the matching wedge 11 in Fig. 2 and in wedge light Journey and the matched place of sensor light path difference form bright fringes and are acquired and read by CCD, the change of the width and elastic element of striped Shape amount is directly proportional, and proportionality coefficient is determined with caliberating device.Sensor is demarcated, it is ensured that the correlation in measurement range Parameter;The sensor is installed on the impact force between the position measurement structure for needing to measure.
The present invention has carried out the elastic element of load cell and optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor to encapsulate and devise optics survey Amount system, measuring the impact force between heat-transfer pipe and tube socket by way of measuring the strain of elastic element.The knot of the sensor Structure is simple, feature easy for installation, implements easy feature, and have waterproof, anti-electromagnetic interference, test macro is easy implementation Feature.The indexs such as the longitude of verifying such sensor measurement by practical structures and the linearity meet JJG 391-2009 power biography 0.1 grade of requirement of sensor.
In order to confirm that the effect of sensor in the application has carried out corresponding experiment, the type passes all after the completion of device is developed Index meets 0.1 grade of requirement of JJG 391-2009 force snesor.
It carries out power and hammers Knock test into shape: hammering percussion sensor into shape with proof force and demarcated, the linearity output and input is shown in Fig. 3 It is shown.Measurement result can be seen that the linearity output and input is fine, and the result of measurement and the result waveform of input are consistent, survey The precision of amount is higher.
Static demarcating result: sensor is demarcated with static(al) caliberating device, as a result as shown in Figure 4.What the two was coincide Very well.
Drop weight test, as a result situation map 5- Fig. 6.
The application of certain nuclear leve equipment steam generator heat-transfer pipe beam Flow vibration out-pile simulation test: this sensor is in certain core It is applied in grade equipment steam generator heat-transfer pipe beam Flow vibration out-pile simulation test, measurement result is shown in Fig. 7, wherein in 7 Top half is entire test result, and lower half portion is that single amplifies as a result, suitable with external measurement result.
About in the structure with reflecting mirror to optical signal carried out 90 ° direction transformation the thickness of sensor can be dropped It is low, the stress analysis schematic diagram of Fig. 8 is please referred to, since the power F of measurement is lateral force, limits the thickness of H.Apparent optical path from A enters, and then the thickness of H can be allowed to be much less from the method that A comes out.And if along B to discrepancy, in order to guarantee suitably Chamber is long, then H can be made thick, and therefore, the application can reduce the thickness of sensor.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. the load cell of impact force between a kind of tube bank and support plate, which is characterized in that load cell includes: installation base Platform, stress elastic element, reflecting mirror, collimating optical fibre and reflecting mirror connector, collimating optical fibre;Load cell is installed on steam hair On the support plate of raw device, installation base station offers mounting groove, and stress elastic element lower end extends in mounting groove, stress elasticity member Part upper end is fixed on installation base station for carrying out stress detection;Reflecting mirror is mounted in mounting groove, and collimating optical fibre one end extends To the cavity of installation base station, the cavity for installing base station is connected to mounting groove, and collimating optical fibre is connected by collimating optical fibre and reflecting mirror Fitting is connect with reflecting mirror, is reflected after the optical signal transmission to mirror surface transmitted from collimating optical fibre by 90 degree, after refraction Optical signal transmission to stress elastic element lower surface;Optic testing system is used to provide incident light for load cell, enters The optical path of load cell carries out the steering in 90 ° of directions by reflecting mirror, projects stress elastic element lower surface, and is formed anti- Optical path is penetrated, method Fabry-Parot interferent chamber is formed in stress elastic element lower surface and the upper surface of reflecting mirror, passes through the method for optical interference The distance between upper surface of stress elastic element lower surface and reflecting mirror is measured to calculate the deformation of stress elastic element.
2. the dynamometric system of impact force between a kind of tube bank and support plate, which is characterized in that the dynamometric system includes:
Load cell and optic testing system, optic testing system and load cell are attached by optical fiber;Dynamometry passes Sensor is installed on the support plate of steam generator, and installation base station offers mounting groove, and stress elastic element lower end extends in peace In tankage, stress elastic element upper end is fixed on installation base station for carrying out stress detection;Reflecting mirror is mounted in mounting groove, Collimating optical fibre one end extends in the cavity of installation base station, and the cavity for installing base station is connected to mounting groove, and collimating optical fibre passes through standard Straight optical fiber is connect with reflecting mirror connector with reflecting mirror, from collimating optical fibre transmit optical signal transmission to mirror surface after by 90 degree reflect, the optical signal transmission after refraction to stress elastic element lower surface;Optic testing system is used to be load cell There is provided incident light, into load cell optical path by reflecting mirror progress 90 ° of directions steering, project stress elastic element Lower surface, and reflected light path is formed, method Fabry-Parot interferent chamber is formed in stress elastic element lower surface and the upper surface of reflecting mirror, is passed through The method of optical interference measures the distance between upper surface of stress elastic element lower surface and reflecting mirror to calculate stress elasticity The deformation of element.
3. the load cell of impact force between tube bank according to claim 1 and support plate, which is characterized in that the peace Locking screw holes are additionally provided on dress base station, locking screw holes carry out threaded connection locking for being directed at straight optical fiber.
4. the dynamometric system of impact force between tube bank according to claim 2 and support plate, which is characterized in that optic test System includes: coupler, wideband light source, cylindrical mirror, matching wedge, CCD;Wideband light source is to survey by optical fiber and coupler Force snesor provides incident light, and load cell reflected light path is transferred to cylindrical mirror along fiber coupler and is calibrated and divided With directional light is become, directional light irradiation matches on wedge and forms bright wisp at wedge light path and the matching of load cell optical path difference Line is acquired and is read by CCD.
5. the dynamometric system of impact force between tube bank according to claim 4 and support plate, which is characterized in that the width of striped Degree is directly proportional to the deflection of elastic element, and proportionality coefficient is determined with caliberating device, is demarcated to load cell, really Protect the relevant parameter in measurement range.
6. the load cell of impact force between tube bank according to claim 1 and support plate, which is characterized in that dynamometry passes Sensor is used to measure the impact force between steam generator heat-transfer pipe and support plate.
7. the load cell of impact force between tube bank according to claim 1 and support plate, which is characterized in that dynamometry passes Sensor is assembled by the way of encapsulation.
CN201811334077.7A 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 A kind of load cell and system for restraining the impact force between support plate Pending CN109470387A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000241270A (en) * 1999-02-17 2000-09-08 Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd Pressure sensor
JP2010127705A (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-10 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Fiber optic sensor
CN102052902A (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-05-11 天津大学 High-precision wide-range low-coherent interference shift demodulation device and demodulation method thereof
CN106441674A (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-02-22 中国核动力研究设计院 Fiber-type force measurement sensing system and force measurement method
CN108507597A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-09-07 西安工业大学 Optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor demodulating equipment and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000241270A (en) * 1999-02-17 2000-09-08 Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd Pressure sensor
JP2010127705A (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-10 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Fiber optic sensor
CN102052902A (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-05-11 天津大学 High-precision wide-range low-coherent interference shift demodulation device and demodulation method thereof
CN102052902B (en) * 2010-12-10 2012-10-24 天津大学 High-precision wide-range low-coherent interference shift demodulation device and demodulation method thereof
CN106441674A (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-02-22 中国核动力研究设计院 Fiber-type force measurement sensing system and force measurement method
CN108507597A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-09-07 西安工业大学 Optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor demodulating equipment and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PEIJIAN HUANG ETAL: "Fiber Fabry-Perot Force Sensor with Small Volume and High Performance for Assessing Fretting Damage of Steam Generator Tubes", 《SENSORS》 *

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