CN109459780A - It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement - Google Patents
It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459780A CN109459780A CN201811608416.6A CN201811608416A CN109459780A CN 109459780 A CN109459780 A CN 109459780A CN 201811608416 A CN201811608416 A CN 201811608416A CN 109459780 A CN109459780 A CN 109459780A
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- ionization chamber
- ionisation chamber
- plane ionization
- ionisation
- protection ring
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010061688 Barotrauma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement.The ionisation chamber can effectively shorten interpolar away under identical operating voltage, secondary electron can preferably accelerate, its collection rate is made to reach musec order；In addition the ionisation chamber takes energy compensating measure, and the aluminium layer of inner-wall spraying can effectively promote response of the ionisation chamber to lower energy photon, so that the energy measurement lower limit of plane ionization chamber has reached 20keV；And the design of ionisation chamber collector has protection ring, and the uniformity for improving electric field has remarkable result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring devices, relate more particularly to a kind of for pulse X, the plate of gamma-rays dosage measurement
Ionisation chamber.
Background technique
Pulsed ionising radiation is in fields such as industrial flaw detection, radiodiagnosis, flash X-ray camera technique, safety check and scientific researches
Middle extensive use.Pulsed ionising radiation (hereinafter referred to as impulse radiation) has the spy that the duration is short and prompt dose rate is high
Point, but scale is crossed in steady state of radiation field active electronic dosemeter (active electronic dosemeters, below
Abbreviation AED) it is difficult to accurately measure the dosage of impulse radiation.AED is widely used in the dose monitoring of radiation field, direct-reading display side
Formula and warning function give practitioner's offer safety guarantee.There are the following problems when measuring Pulsed radiation field dosage by AED.
First there is response problem in instrument, this necessarily affects the accuracy of monitoring result；Secondly, the measurement period interval twice of AED
Up to several seconds, if impulse radiation just occurs in instrument measurement period interval time, it is likely that error of omission event occurs thus
The accuracy for greatly influencing measurement result, causes measurement result seriously relatively low；Finally, if once the pulse of large dosage is just
Occur in the interval time of measurement of instrument, event will necessarily be failed to report, bring greatly security risk to practitioner is penetrated.
It needs to research and develop a kind of plate ionisation chamber for Millisecond pulse X, gamma-rays, is used for pulse X, gamma-rays dosage measurement and personnel
Protection field.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can not accurately measure this technical problem for existing pulse X, gamma Rays dosage, provide a kind of use
In pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement, it can be measured for pulse X, gamma-rays dosage rate, solve milli
Second grade pulse X, gamma-rays reference radiation demand.
The plane ionization chamber according to the present invention for being used for pulse X, gamma-rays dosage measurement is it is characterized in that the parallel plate ionization
Room includes working gas, entrance window, protection ring, plate electrode and pedestal；Cylindrical ionisation chamber is wherein formed in pedestal
Cavity, to accommodate working gas；Entrance window is cylindrical body closed at one end open at one end, is provided with screw thread on lateral wall,
Open end is fastened in the ionisation chamber cavity bottom；It is formed on the inner sidewall of the ionisation chamber cavity and screw thread on entrance window
The screw thread matched, so that entrance window is fixed on the base by way of knob；The bottom of ionisation chamber cavity is provided with circle
Shape plate electrode, the plate electrode are provided with annular groove along its outer, and protection ring is arranged in the annular groove.
Preferably, the entrance window is made of polymethyl methacrylate or polyformaldehyde thermoplastic crystalline polymer.
Preferably, equadag coating or aluminized coating are coated on the working surface of the plate electrode.
Preferably, the plate electrode is made of polymethyl methacrylate or polyformaldehyde thermoplastic crystalline polymer.
Preferably, the height of the protection ring is suitable with ionisation chamber height, and the width of the protection ring is in 2-6mm range
It is interior；The protection ring is made of PEEK polyether-ether-ketone resin.
Preferably, the thickness of the coating is within the scope of 0.002-0.008mm.
Preferably, which is characterized in that graphite linings are formed on the ionisation chamber inner sidewall, with a thickness of 0.002-0.1mm.
Device involved in the present invention can measure for pulse X, gamma-rays dosage rate, solve Millisecond pulse X,
Gamma-rays reference radiation demand.And the device can effectively shorten interpolar away under identical operating voltage, secondary electron can
Preferably accelerate, its collection rate is made to reach musec order；Secondly, the ionisation chamber takes energy compensating measure, inner-wall spraying
Aluminium layer can effectively promote response of the ionisation chamber to lower energy photon so that the energy measurement lower limit of plane ionization chamber reaches
20keV；Finally, the design of ionisation chamber collector has the protection ring of 2mm, for improving the uniformity of electric field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is plate cavity ionization chamber structural schematic diagram according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the equipotential lines distribution map of ionisation chamber when ionisation chamber according to the present invention measures.
It should be noted that attached drawing is not necessarily to scale to draw, but only not influence the schematic of reader's understanding
Mode is shown.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Ionisation chamber according to the present invention, design principle are as follows:
When ionisation chamber is placed in pulsed X-ray radiation field, it is assumed that meet charged particle equilibrium, then pulsed X-ray is in electricity
Meet cloth loudspeaker lattice-gray(Gy) equation with charge Jg is generated from the air kerma Kpulse in the sensitive volume of room:
Wherein, KpulseFor pulsed X-ray air kerma, W is to be generated consumed by a pair of of ion in gas averagely
Energy；JgIt is the total electrical charge of the ion of a kind of symbol that the gas of per unit mass in cavity releases, QgElectronic system can be passed through
Measurement obtains；
Jg=Qg/mg (2)
mgIt is the quality of gas in cavity, mg =V ρ, V are cavity volume, and ρ is gas density in cavity；For medium
Mass collision stopping power and the ratio between the mass collision stopping power of gas for generating electrification ionizing particle, medium should be cavity electricity
Outer wall from room, this value can consult ICRU report and obtain.W is that average energy consumed by a pair of of ion is generated in gas, can
It is reported and is obtained by ICRU, e is unit ionic charge；For the mass energy absorption coefficient of cavity gas and ionization chamber outer wall
Ratio, can pass through ICRU report obtain；ΠkiFor modifying factor, Π ki=kh·kTP·ks.K in formulahFor air humidity shadow
Loud amendment；kTPFor the amendment of air themperature and effects of air pressure；Ks is the compound ionization loss amendment of particle.
Ionisation chamber compound action is to influence the principal element of collection efficiency, since electric field between electrodes are not strong enough, negative ions
It may carry out compound generating place or be met in transition process.Ionisation chamber is collected under continuous impulse radiation event
Efficiency easily reaches 99.9% or more, however dose value obtained by impulse radiation needs to be modified its collection efficiency, needle
To pulse duration and pulse distance, the ion for as far as possible generating a pulse is complete within the interval time of two pulses
It is collected.In pulsed X-ray dosimeter research field, the principal element of interference standard ionisation chamber is the compound of ion.According to
Theoretical calculation show that plane ionization chamber collection efficiency is with ionisation chamber interpolar away from, such as interpolar of selection 1.5mm closely related with high pressure
Away from collection voltage is -320V, and the collection efficiency to pulse (dosage 10mGy) is more than 96%, therefore plane ionization chamber interpolar
It is 1.5mm away from design thickness.
In addition, the material of parallel plate ionization chamber outer wall, thickness and inside coating can energy response to plane ionization chamber it is special
Property has an impact.
Based on this, as shown in Figure 1, the plane ionization chamber according to the present invention for pulse X, gamma-rays dosage measurement includes
Working gas 1, entrance window 2, protection ring 3 and collector 4 and pedestal 5.Preferably, which further includes insulator, should
Insulator setting is manufactured in ionisation chamber connecting position of wires using polyether-ether-ketone resin (PEEK).For reducing leakage current, and mention
The sensitivity of high measurement.
Wherein working gas 1 is air.
Wherein entrance window 2 is transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyformaldehyde thermoplastic crystalline polymer
(POM, also known as supersteel or match steel).Entrance window 2 is cylindrical body closed at one end open at one end, on the lateral wall of entrance window 2
It is provided with screw thread, open end is fastened in the ionisation chamber cavity bottom.It is empty that 5 internal layer of pedestal is formed with cylindrical ionisation chamber
Chamber, to accommodate working gas 1.The screw thread matched with 2 screw thread of entrance window is formed on ionisation chamber cavity inner sidewall, so that
Entrance window is fixed on pedestal 5 by way of turn-knob.Preferably, the outer diameter of ionisation chamber cavity is 100-110mm, and sensitive volume is straight
Diameter is 80-90mm.
Preferably, graphite linings are formed on ionisation chamber inner sidewall, with a thickness of 0.002-0.1mm.The bottom of 5 hollow cavity of pedestal
It is provided with plate electrode 4.The plate electrode is also known as collector, is made of POM or PMMA, is coated on working surface
Graphite or aluminized coating.Coating layer thickness is within the scope of 0.002-0.008mm.It is highly preferred that the upper and lower surface of plate electrode applies
It is covered with graphite or aluminized coating.
The thickness of plate electrode, it is therefore preferable to 0.5mm-3mm.Plate electrode 4 is circle, along the circumference of plate electrode,
It is provided with the groove of annular, protection ring 3 is embedded in the circular groove.The height of protection ring is suitable with ionisation chamber cavity height,
The thickness of protection ring is within the scope of 2-6mm.Protection ring is made of polyether-ether-ketone resin (PEEK).
In ionisation chamber design, the field uniformity in sensitive volume region has great influence to ionisation chamber performance.For
It examines electric field between the reasonability and pole plate of ionisation chamber design whether uniform, analysis of electric field software can be used to 400V voltage
Field distribution situation between lower two-plate is simulated, as shown in Figure 2.
It can see from the analog result of Fig. 2, potential lines of the ionisation chamber between two-plate have certain distortion in electrode edge,
Therefore there is protection ring to design above the plate electrode 4 of plane ionization chamber, substantially increase the uniformity of electric field.
When ionisation chamber according to the present invention is tested, plane ionization chamber is placed in stable state 137Cs gamma-rays reference radiation
In, it is overlapped the axle center of ionisation chamber with beam axle center.Radiation field reference conditions are shown in Table 2.Determine the sensitive of plane ionization chamber
Spend the factor, it is established that ionizing radiation dose with ionization charge relationship Re, then to the electric leakage of plane ionization chamber, saturated characteristic,
Repeatability and linearly tested.
Reference conditions in 2 gamma-rays Reference radiation field of table
(3) pulsed X-ray dosage measurement
Using plane ionization chamber with electrometer to the air kerma conventional true value of pulse X, gamma-rays Reference radiation field
It measures.
Measurement result is shown below:
Ka=NK × M × CT, P × Ch (3)
In formula:
NK is the sensitivity factor of plane ionization chamber；
M is that the charge of plane ionization chamber is read；
CT, P are air themperature and air pressure modifying factor, are provided by formula (4)；
The other modifying factor of Ch relative humidity differential between reference conditions and measuring condition, this amendment are usually very little
, therefore for the general attainable RH range of institute, it is assumed that Ch=1.
CT, P=(P0×T)/(P×T0) (4)
The pressure and temperature of air when P and T is measurement in above formula；P0 and T0 be pressure under reference conditions and
Temperature, P0=101.3kPa, T0=293.15K.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.If in this way, belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
More than, only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is of the invention
Protection scope should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement, it is characterised in that the plane ionization chamber includes work
Gas, entrance window, protection ring, plate electrode and pedestal；Cylindrical ionisation chamber cavity is wherein formed in pedestal, to hold
Receive working gas；Entrance window is cylindrical body closed at one end open at one end, is provided with screw thread on lateral wall, open end is fastened on
In the ionisation chamber cavity bottom；The spiral shell matched with screw thread on entrance window is formed on the inner sidewall of the ionisation chamber cavity
Line, so that entrance window is fixed on the base by way of knob；The bottom of ionisation chamber cavity is provided with round plate electrode,
The plate electrode is provided with annular groove along its outer, and protection ring is arranged in the annular groove.
2. plane ionization chamber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the entrance window is by polymethyl methacrylate or poly- first
Aldehyde thermoplastic crystalline polymer is made.
3. plane ionization chamber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be coated with graphite on the working surface of the plate electrode
Coating or aluminized coating.
4. plane ionization chamber according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the plate electrode is by polymethyl methacrylate or gathers
Formaldehyde thermoplastic crystalline polymer is made.
5. plane ionization chamber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the height of the protection ring is suitable with ionisation chamber height,
The width of the protection ring is within the scope of 2-6mm；The protection ring polyether-ether-ketone resin is made.
6. plane ionization chamber according to claim 3, the thickness of the coating is within the scope of 0.002-0.008mm.
7. plane ionization chamber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that graphite linings are formed on the ionisation chamber inner sidewall, it is thick
Degree is 0.002-0.1mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811608416.6A CN109459780A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811608416.6A CN109459780A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement |
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| CN109459780A true CN109459780A (en) | 2019-03-12 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4300050A (en) * | 1979-03-12 | 1981-11-10 | Osterreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf Gmbh | Secondary-standard ionization chamber, in particular for measuring the energy dose |
| GB9108139D0 (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1991-06-05 | Oesterr Forsch Seibersdorf | Secondary standard ionization chamber for measuring photon radiation |
| CN101158723A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2008-04-09 | 中国人民解放军63960部队 | End window ionization chamber |
| CN103472475A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Transmission-type monitoring ionization chamber suitable for low-energy X-ray measurement |
| CN103474323A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Ionization chamber for directly measuring personal dose equivalent |
| CN106783503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 山东中测校准质控技术有限公司 | A kind of hollow cylindrical collector diagnoses ionisation chamber |
| CN107992699A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of emulation detection method of dose of radiation suffered by eye lens |
| CN108562931A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of energy compensating type Neutron Ambient Dose Equivalent secondary standard ionisation chamber |
| CN209387885U (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-09-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement |
-
2018
- 2018-12-26 CN CN201811608416.6A patent/CN109459780A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4300050A (en) * | 1979-03-12 | 1981-11-10 | Osterreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf Gmbh | Secondary-standard ionization chamber, in particular for measuring the energy dose |
| GB9108139D0 (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1991-06-05 | Oesterr Forsch Seibersdorf | Secondary standard ionization chamber for measuring photon radiation |
| CN101158723A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2008-04-09 | 中国人民解放军63960部队 | End window ionization chamber |
| CN103472475A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Transmission-type monitoring ionization chamber suitable for low-energy X-ray measurement |
| CN103474323A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Ionization chamber for directly measuring personal dose equivalent |
| CN106783503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 山东中测校准质控技术有限公司 | A kind of hollow cylindrical collector diagnoses ionisation chamber |
| CN107992699A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of emulation detection method of dose of radiation suffered by eye lens |
| CN108562931A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of energy compensating type Neutron Ambient Dose Equivalent secondary standard ionisation chamber |
| CN209387885U (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-09-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | It is a kind of for pulse X, the plane ionization chamber of gamma-rays dosage measurement |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈义珍 等: "平板电离室的研制及改进", 原子能科学技术, vol. 42, 30 September 2008 (2008-09-30), pages 380 - 384 * |
| 龚玉巍 等: "基于 Geant4 的盖革计数管能量补偿研究", 核电子学与探测技术, vol. 31, no. 8, 31 August 2011 (2011-08-31), pages 912 - 915 * |
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