CN214669624U - X-ray energy detection device of accelerator - Google Patents
X-ray energy detection device of accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN214669624U CN214669624U CN202120703569.XU CN202120703569U CN214669624U CN 214669624 U CN214669624 U CN 214669624U CN 202120703569 U CN202120703569 U CN 202120703569U CN 214669624 U CN214669624 U CN 214669624U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of accelerator X ray energy measurement, especially, relate to an accelerator X ray energy detection device. The detection device is a multi-ionization-chamber cavity array, and the multi-ionization-chamber cavity array comprises a reference ionization chamber cavity and a plurality of dose enhancement ionization chamber cavities. The utility model discloses a detection device can realize the measurement of the strong X ray energy of high current, and measuring device simple structure easily processes moreover, and is easy and simple to handle, requires lowly to the SNR, and the robustness is strong, can realize real-time, the X ray energy measurement of higher accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of accelerator X ray energy measurement, especially, relate to an accelerator X ray energy detection device.
Background
The X-ray of the accelerator is generated by high-energy electron targeting, has the characteristics of large beam intensity and strong stability, and is widely applied to the fields of CT imaging, material irradiation modification, radiotherapy and the like. The energy spectrum of the X-ray plays a role in determining the imaging effect, the reactant reaction and the radiation protection dose, and the basic premise of ensuring effective and safe work when the energy of the X-ray of the accelerator is accurately and efficiently measured is provided.
The characteristic of large X-ray beam intensity of the accelerator makes the method of measuring and counting the single photon energy one by one difficult to realize by using the traditional spectrometer, the traditional spectrometer has limited resolution time, under the condition of strong beam current, a large amount of photons enter a sensitive volume within one resolution time, and the dose of the sensitive volume within the resolution time cannot reflect the energy of the single photon. Currently, commonly used X-ray measurement methods include: 1. attenuation transmission, which is representative of the accelerator X-ray energy measurement system disclosed in patent 104142354a, by measuring the dose caused in the probe volume after photons have penetrated different attenuation slices, and by unscrambling against a standard attenuation curve; the method has the limitations of high requirements on waveform signal-to-noise ratio, high spectrum resolving difficulty, limited energy resolving capability and the like. 2. The Compton scattering method calculates the energy spectrum by measuring the recoil electron energy of different angles generated by Compton scattering when photons are incident to a low-z material target, has higher accuracy and large applicable energy range, but has the defects of complex structure, high price and the like of a measuring system. 3. The fluorescence method has the defects of low measurement efficiency, poor energy resolution and limited energy measurement range. The method makes the real-time and simple measurement of the X-ray energy difficult to realize.
The attenuation transmission method has high requirements on the signal to noise ratio (less than 1 percent), large spectrum resolution difficulty and limited energy resolution capability; the Compton scattering method measurement system has a complex structure and is expensive; the fluorescence method has low measurement efficiency and small measurement energy range. In particular, for 511keV X-rays, the average energy resolution of the above method is: 12% (attenuation transmission method), 10% (compton scattering method), whereas the fluorescence method cannot measure X-rays with energy above 0.5MeV due to the limitation of the absorption edge energy of the material K.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing an accelerator X ray energy detection device improves existing accelerator X ray energy detection device to dose reinforcing effect measures the X ray energy as the principle, and makes the testing process easy and simple to handle, requires lowly to the SNR, does not receive the influence of the total dose deposit of X ray moreover.
The utility model provides an accelerator X ray energy detects for many ionization chamber cavity arrays, including a reference ionization chamber cavity and a plurality of dosage reinforcing ionization chamber cavity among many ionization chamber cavity arrays.
The utility model provides an accelerator X ray energy detection device, its advantage:
1. the utility model discloses an accelerator X ray energy detection device can realize the measurement of high current strong X ray energy, corresponding measuring device simple structure moreover, easily processing.
2. Utilize the utility model discloses an accelerator X ray energy detection device detects accelerator X ray energy, measures easy and simple to handle, requires lowly to the SNR, and the robustness is strong. When the X-ray energy of the accelerator is measured in an experiment, all cavities of the ionization chamber are irradiated once under the same condition, and the reading ratio of the electrometers of all the cavities is obtained, so that the X-ray energy measurement with high accuracy can be realized in real time.
3. The utility model discloses a detection device can realize great energy scope, including the measurement of the above within range X ray energy of 0.5MeV, has solved among the prior art problem that this energy within range X ray is difficult to the precision measurement.
4. The utility model discloses a detection device, if the X ray is by electron target production, through energy calibration, this device can measure the energy scope more than 0.5MeV through measuring the X ray energy spectrum, obtains the energy of target electron.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an X-ray energy detection device of an accelerator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an accelerator X-ray energy detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a dose-X-ray energy relationship diagram of energy deposition of the reference ionization chamber R and the dose enhancement ionization chamber under monoenergetic X-ray irradiation conditions in one embodiment of accelerator X-ray energy detection using the measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the dose ratio and the X-ray energy of the dose enhancement ionization chamber and the reference ionization chamber R under the condition of single-energy X-ray irradiation in one embodiment of the accelerator X-ray energy detection using the measuring device of the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2, 1 is a first shield case, 2 is a second shield case, 3 is a first high voltage electrode, 4 is a second high voltage electrode, 5 is a first collector, and is connected to a reference electrometer, 6 is a second collector, and is connected to a dose-enhancing electrometer, 7 is a first working gas, 8 is a second working gas, 9 is a reference window, 10 is a dose-enhancing window, and 11 is an absorption window; x-rays are incident on the ionization chamber cavities from the window in the direction shown.
Detailed Description
The structure of the X-ray energy detection device of the accelerator disclosed by the invention is shown in figure 1 and is a multi-ionization-chamber cavity array, and the multi-ionization-chamber cavity array comprises a reference ionization chamber cavity and a plurality of dose enhancement ionization chamber cavities.
The structure of the reference ionization chamber cavity of the accelerator X-ray energy detection device is shown in fig. 2, and includes a first shielding housing 1, a first high-voltage electrode 3, a first collector 5 and a reference window 9, wherein the first high-voltage electrode 3 and the first collector 5 are disposed in the first shielding housing 1, the reference window 9 is disposed on the first shielding housing 1, and the shielding housing 1 is filled with a working gas 7; the first collector 5 is connected with a reference electrometer;
the structure of the cavity of the dose-enhancing ionization chamber of the accelerator X-ray energy detection device is shown in fig. 2, and includes a second shielding shell 2, a second high-voltage electrode 4, a second collector 6, a heavy metal window 10 and an absorption window 11; the second high-voltage electrode 2 and the second collector 3 are arranged in a second shielding shell 2, the heavy metal window 10 and the absorption window 11 are mutually overlapped from inside to outside to form a dose enhancement window, the dose enhancement window is arranged on the second shielding shell 2, and the shielding shell 2 is filled with working gas 8; the second collector is connected with the metering enhancement electrometer; the first high-voltage pole 3 and the second high-voltage pole 4 are respectively connected with a high-voltage power supply.
Utilize the utility model discloses an accelerator X ray energy detection device carries out accelerator X ray energy detection's process as follows:
(1) constructing a multi-ion chamber cavity array for measuring the X-ray energy of the accelerator, as shown in FIG. 1; in an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-ionization chamber cavity array is composed of a reference ionization chamber cavity and a plurality of dose-enhanced ionization chamber cavities, the structure of the reference ionization chamber cavity is as shown in fig. 2, and includes a first shielding housing 1, a first high voltage electrode 3, a first collector 5 and a reference window 9, the first high voltage electrode 3 and the first collector 5 are disposed in the first shielding housing 1, the reference window 9 is disposed on the first shielding housing 1, and the shielding housing 1 is filled with the working gas 7; the first collector 5 is connected with a reference electrometer; the structure of the cavity of the dose-enhanced ionization chamber is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a second shielding shell 2, a second high-voltage electrode 4, a second collector 6, a heavy metal window 10 and an absorption window 11; the second high-voltage electrode 2 and the second collector 3 are arranged in a second shielding shell 2, the heavy metal window 10 and the absorption window 11 are mutually overlapped from inside to outside to form a dose enhancement window, the dose enhancement window is arranged on the second shielding shell 2, and the shielding shell 2 is filled with working gas 8; the second collector is connected with the metering enhancement electrometer; the first high-voltage pole 3 and the second high-voltage pole 4 are respectively connected with a high-voltage power supply.
The dose-enhanced ionization chamber cavity can be provided with a plurality of dose-enhanced ionization chamber cavities, dose-enhanced windows of the dose-enhanced ionization chamber cavities are different from reference windows 9 of the reference ionization chamber cavities, and the second shielding shell 2, the second high-voltage electrode 4, the second collector 6 and the working gas 8 are respectively identical to the first shielding shell 1, the first high-voltage electrode 3, the first collector 5 and the working gas 7.
(2) Using the monte carlo method (which is a well-known and commonly used technique), a plurality of dose enhancement and reference cavities R in a multi-ionization-chamber cavity array are respectively calculated at a set energy EjAnd the energy deposition ratio after X-ray irradiation is recorded as
Wherein i is the serial number of the dose enhancing chamber, r is the reference chamber, and D is the electrometer reading of the corresponding chamber;
(3) varying the above-mentioned X-raySet energy E of the linejAnd (3) repeating the step (2) to obtain M groups of energy deposition ratios { alphai}MTo obtain a calibrated deposition ratio alphai}MAnd X-ray energy { E }MThe relationship curve of (1);
(4) making X-ray to be measured enter the reference cavity and all the dose enhancement cavities in the step (1) from the window to obtain a first electrometer reading DrAnd all dose-enhancing electrometers readings { DiAnd calculating to obtain an energy deposition ratio alphai}；
(5) According to the energy deposition ratio { alpha ] calculated in the step (4)iAnd (4) obtaining the energy of the X-ray to be detected by using the relation curve between the deposition ratio calibrated in the step (3) and the energy of the X-ray.
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the attached drawings:
the utility model discloses the theory of operation that the device was based on is: materials with different atomic numbers respond differently to X-rays of the same energy, and as X-rays pass through a window made of a material with a higher atomic number, more secondary electrons are generated in the ionization chamber cavity, resulting in more energy deposition, and the cavity electrometer reading increases significantly. The significance of the dose-enhancing effect is strongly related to the energy of the X-rays, the atomic number and the thickness of the window material. During experimental measurement, the readings of the electrometers of the cavities are obviously different after one-time irradiation under the same condition of the X-ray to be measured, and the energy of the X-ray can be calculated by reading the ratio of the readings of the electrometers of the cavities and the reference cavity.
The working process of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Take the implementation steps of a dual chamber ionization chamber for measuring single energy X-ray energy as an example.
(1) Constructing a double-cavity ionization chamber for measuring the X-ray energy of an accelerator, wherein the double-cavity ionization chamber consists of a reference ionization chamber cavity and a dose enhancement ionization chamber cavity, the structure of the reference ionization chamber cavity is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a first shielding shell 1, a first high-voltage electrode 3, a first collector 5 and a reference window 9, the embodiment adopts a flat ionization chamber structure, the first high-voltage electrode 3 and the first collector 5 are arranged at two ends in the first shielding shell 1, the reference window 9 is a carbon fiber film with the thickness of 20 mu m and is arranged on the first shielding shell 1, the shielding shell 1 is filled with working gas 7, and the working gas 7 is air with one atmospheric pressure; the first collector 5 is connected with a reference electrometer;
the structure of the cavity of the dose-enhanced ionization chamber is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a second shielding shell 2, a second high-voltage electrode 4, a second collector 6, a heavy metal window 10 and an absorption window 11; the second high-voltage electrode 2 and the second collector 3 are arranged at two ends in the second shielding shell 2, the heavy metal window 10 is a gold layer with the thickness of 0.2mm, the absorption window 11 is a silicon layer with the thickness of 0.15mm, the heavy metal window 10 and the absorption window 11 are mutually overlapped from inside to outside to form a dose enhancement window, the dose enhancement window is arranged on the second shielding shell 2, the shielding shell 2 is filled with working gas 8, and the working gas 8 is air with one atmospheric pressure; the second collector is connected with the dose enhancement electrometer;
the second shielding shell 2, the second high-voltage electrode 4, the second collector 6 and the working gas 8 are respectively consistent with the first shielding shell 1, the first high-voltage electrode 3, the first collector 5 and the working gas 7.
(2) Calculating the dose-enhancing and reference volumes R at a set energy E using the existing Monte Carlo methodjAnd the energy deposition ratio after X-ray irradiation is recorded as
Wherein D is the energy deposition in the dose enhancement chamber, DrIs the energy deposition in the reference chamber;
(3) changing the set energy E of the X-rayjAnd (3) repeating the step (2) to obtain 20 groups of energy deposition ratios { alpha }1α2…α20Obtaining a calibrated sedimentation ratio alpha and X-ray energy E relation curve as shown in FIG. 4;
(4) making X-ray to be measured enter the reference cavity and all the dose enhancement cavities in the step (1) from the window to obtain a first electrometer reading DrAnd reading D of the dose enhanced electrometer, and further calculating to obtain an energy deposition ratio alpha;
(5) according to the energy deposition ratio alpha calculated in the step (4), utilizing the stepsAnd (4) obtaining the energy of the X-ray to be detected by the relationship curve of the deposition ratio and the X-ray energy calibrated in the step (3). For example, measured experimentally
Referring to FIG. 4, the X-ray energy to be measured is 1 MeV.
The utility model discloses a detection device utilizes dose reinforcing effect to the sensitivity of X ray energy, can measure the X ray energy more than 0.5 MeV. The utility model discloses the ionization chamber array structure that multicavity, window structure that relate to in the method, ionization chamber shape can change according to actual need wantonly need guarantee that each chamber geometry and cavity volume are unanimous, and receive during the use the irradiation condition unanimous can. The cavities do not need to be adjacent but need to be ensured to be mutually isolated; the ionization chamber electrode can be designed according to requirements, and can be a flat plate electrode or a cylindrical electrode.
Claims (3)
1. An X-ray energy detection device of an accelerator is characterized in that the detection device is a multi-ionization-chamber cavity array, and the multi-ionization-chamber cavity array comprises a reference ionization chamber cavity and a plurality of dose enhancement ionization chamber cavities.
2. The accelerator X-ray energy detection device of claim 1, wherein the reference ionization chamber cavity comprises a first shielded enclosure, a first high voltage electrode, a first collector, and a reference window, the first high voltage electrode and the first collector being disposed within the first shielded enclosure, the reference window being disposed on the first shielded enclosure, the shielded enclosure being filled with a working gas; the first collector is connected with a reference electrometer.
3. The accelerator X-ray energy detection device of claim 1, wherein said dose-enhancing ionization chamber cavity comprises a second shielded enclosure, a second high voltage electrode, a second collector, a heavy metal window, and an absorption window; the second high-voltage electrode and the second collector are arranged in a second shielding shell, the heavy metal window and the absorption window are mutually overlapped from inside to outside to form a dose enhancement window, the dose enhancement window is arranged on the second shielding shell, and the shielding shell is filled with working gas; the second collector is connected with the metering enhancement electrometer.
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| CN202120703569.XU CN214669624U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | X-ray energy detection device of accelerator |
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| CN202120703569.XU CN214669624U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | X-ray energy detection device of accelerator |
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