Microbial remediation equipment for heavy metal contaminated soil and remediation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a microbial remediation device for heavy metal contaminated soil and a remediation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of society, the pollution and the damage of soil become more serious, the soil needs to be continuously repaired, therefore, the soil can be reused, the existing soil remediation methods are more, the methods are generally physical remediation, microbial remediation and the like, microbes have good protection performance in the remediation process, the soil can be directly remediated and the soil after remediation can be protected in the remediation process, the existing microbial remediation device generally directly sprays microbial materials to the soil, the microbes are not easy to be sent into the soil, the mixing of the microbes and the soil is not uniform, the soil remediation unevenness is caused, the growth of the microbes is also easily limited, the soil recovery speed is influenced, in addition, in the existing microorganism repairing device, multiple procedures such as soil crushing, spraying and the like are required to be independently carried out for multiple times, and the time-consuming period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the microbial remediation equipment for the heavy metal contaminated soil and the remediation method thereof, which can greatly reduce the period duration of soil remediation and fully mix microbial materials and soil particles.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the microbial remediation equipment for the heavy metal contaminated soil comprises a traction device and a soil remediation device arranged behind the traction device, wherein the soil remediation device is displaced on the soil to be remediated; the soil remediation device comprises a rack, and a feeding and conveying mechanism, a first remediation agent adding assembly, a mixing mechanism and a second remediation agent adding assembly which are arranged on the rack; the frame is connected and is set up the rear at draw gear, the soil particles on ground is collected to feeding conveyor, compounding mechanism sets up the discharge end at feeding conveyor, just compounding mechanism sets up the rear at feeding conveyor, first repairing agent adds the subassembly and adds first repairing agent material to compounding mechanism in, the second repairing agent adds the subassembly and sets up the discharge end at compounding mechanism, the second repairing agent adds the subassembly and sprays the second repairing agent solution in the soil mixture after the export of compounding mechanism.
Furthermore, the feeding conveying mechanism comprises a conveyor and feeding shovels arranged on the conveyor, the conveyor is a belt conveyor, the feeding shovels are sequentially arranged along the profile of a rotating belt of the conveyor at intervals, the conveyor is arranged from front to back in an inclined mode from a feeding end to a discharging end, the feeding end of the conveyor extends into the ground, and the discharging end of the conveyor is located above the mixing mechanism; the feeding shovel shovels soil particles on the ground and below the ground and continuously conveys the soil particles to the mixing mechanism through the feeding conveying mechanism.
Further, the feeding shovel is the L type plate body of bending, the length direction of feeding shovel sets up along the width direction of conveyer, the feeding shovel includes integrated into one piece's spiller portion and native portion, spiller portion connects on the rotation area of conveyer through the portion that gathers soil, spiller portion interval and the rotation area that is on a parallel with the conveyer, spiller portion is located the front side of the portion that gathers soil on the direction of transmission.
Furthermore, the mixing mechanism comprises a mixing box, a stirring mechanism and an eccentric cam, the mixing box is of a box structure with an opening facing, the stirring mechanism is transversely and rotatably arranged inside the mixing box, the two ends of a rotating shaft of the stirring mechanism are respectively and fixedly provided with the eccentric cam, the eccentric cam is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the mixing box, and the stirring mechanism eccentrically rotates through the eccentric cam; the rotating shaft of the stirring mechanism is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the soil remediation device, and the bottom of the mixing box is provided with a semi-open discharge port.
Further, the discharge gate internal rotation is provided with the swing board, the articulated drill way edge that sets up at the discharge gate of an edge of swing board, the axis of rotation of swing board is on a parallel with rabbling mechanism's axis of rotation, just the swing board is provided with articulated piece for the opposite side of axis of rotation, articulated piece sets up with the one end of connecting rod is articulated, the other end movable sleeve of connecting rod is established in the axis of rotation, the swing board sets up in the discharge gate along with the eccentric rotation of rabbling mechanism and luffing motion is opened and shut.
Furthermore, the bottom of the mixing box comprises a fixed plate, the fixed plate and the swinging plate are arranged oppositely, and the fixed plate and the swinging plate enable the bottom of the mixing box to form an open or closed structure; one side wall of the fixed plate opposite to the swinging plate comprises a serrated tooth mouth structure, the tooth mouth structure extends along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and the two tooth mouth structures are staggered and staggered; the two tooth mouth structures break soil particles through the swinging opening and closing of the swinging plate.
Furthermore, the stirring mechanism comprises stirring impellers and dividing lines, the stirring impellers are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the dividing lines sequentially penetrate through blades of the stirring impellers along the direction of the rotating shaft, the dividing lines are parallel to the rotating shaft, and the dividing lines are respectively arranged at intervals along the length direction of the blades.
Further, the second repairing agent component comprises a liquid storage tank, a partition plate and a pressurizing water pump, wherein the partition plate and the pressurizing water pump are arranged in an inner cavity of the liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is of a closed box body structure comprising an inner cavity, the liquid storage tank is divided into a liquid collecting cavity and a pressurizing cavity through the partition plate, a through hole is formed in the partition plate, the liquid collecting cavity is communicated with the pressurizing cavity through the through hole, the pressurizing water pump is arranged in the liquid collecting cavity, and a liquid outlet of the pressurizing water pump is connected with the through hole; the device is characterized in that a plurality of liquid outlet micropores are formed in one side wall, opposite to the partition plate, of the pressurizing cavity, are arranged at intervals in the advancing direction perpendicular to the soil remediation device, are positioned below a discharge port of the mixing box, are positioned on the front side of the discharge port in the advancing direction of the soil remediation device, and are used for spraying a second remediation agent solution to soil particles sprayed downwards from the discharge port by the second remediation agent component.
Further, the first repairing agent material is a microorganism culture medium, and the second repairing agent solution is an aqueous solution or a microorganism growth agent nutrient solution.
A microbial remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out rotary tillage on the land polluted by heavy metal through a rotary cultivator, and smashing the soil for multiple times through a plow harrow to form soil particles;
s2: adding a soil conditioner into the soil particles, turning over, watering and standing for 3-5 days; after the soil is over, soil is ploughed again;
s3: restoring the polluted soil which is previously ploughed and pretreated by the soil restoration device:
firstly, a traction device is used for dragging a soil remediation device to advance above heavy metal contaminated soil, a feeding end of a feeding conveying mechanism extends into the ground, soil particles are conveyed to a discharging end of the conveyor through the operation of the conveyor and a circularly rotating feeding shovel, the soil at the discharging end is conveyed to a mixing mechanism below, the soil particles are turned and crushed in the mixing mechanism, meanwhile, a first remediation agent adding assembly is used for adding a microbial culture medium into the mixing mechanism, and the microbial culture medium and the soil particles are mixed under the action of a stirring mechanism;
the eccentric cams are rotationally arranged on the wall body of the mixing box in a driving mode through a motor, a rotating shaft of the stirring mechanism forms deflection rotation relative to the mixing box through the two eccentric cams, when the stirring impeller rotates to turn over soil, the turning range is wider due to the action of eccentric motion, soil particles in the mixing box are vibrated, a soil particle lifting state is formed when the rotating blades rotate to the upper surface of the soil particles, the mixing degree of the soil particles and a microorganism culture medium is increased, and the integral eccentric rotation of the stirring impeller forms an impact force which can further break large soil particles;
thirdly, a plurality of dividing lines on the stirring blade divide larger soil particles in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, so that the crushing degree of the soil is further increased;
in the process of eccentric rotation of the rotating shaft, the connecting rod moves eccentrically along with the rotating shaft and drives the swinging plate to move around the hinged end of the swinging plate to open and close, when the swinging plate and the fixed plate are in a coplanar state, the discharge port is in a closed state, soil particles are turned and crushed in the mixing box and mixed with the microbial culture medium, and when the swinging plate is in a staggered state, the discharge port is in an open state, and the soil particles flow out downwards from the discharge port; in the process of relative movement of the swinging plate and the fixed plate, the soil particles discharged from the discharge hole are crushed again through the tooth mouth structure;
pressurizing the pressurizing cavity by a pressurizing water pump in the liquid storage tank to spray the solution in the pressurizing cavity from the liquid outlet micropores in a spraying state, mixing the sprayed solution with the soil particles at the discharge port, absorbing the mixture by the soil particles, and then dropping the soil particles to the ground;
s4: periodically spraying an aqueous solution or a low-concentration microorganism solution to the soil particles after the remediation treatment.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the feeding and conveying mechanism, the mixing mechanism and the microorganism culture medium of the soil are comprehensively arranged on the same equipment, and the soil particles on the ground are gradually transported, added with the repairing agent, fully mixed and then returned to the ground in situ continuously in advance, so that the in-situ repairing of the soil is realized, the cycle time of each process is greatly reduced, the soil particles are fully crushed, and the soil repairing agent and the soil particles are fully mixed, thereby being beneficial to the growth of microorganisms.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the overall construction of the soil remediation device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the first remediation agent addition assembly, the compounding mechanism, and the second remediation agent addition assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of another aspect of the mixing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of the connecting rod, the rotating shaft and the eccentric wheel of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a bottom schematic perspective view of the mixing mechanism and second remediation agent addition assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2, the microorganism remediation equipment for the heavy metal contaminated soil comprises a traction device 1 and a soil remediation device arranged behind the traction device 1, wherein the soil remediation device is displaced on the soil to be remediated, and the traction device 1 can be power equipment such as a rotary cultivator and the like and provides power for the forward movement of the soil remediation device; the soil remediation device comprises a rack 2, and a feeding and conveying mechanism 3, a first remediation agent adding component 4, a mixing mechanism 5 and a second remediation agent adding component 6 which are arranged on the rack 2, wherein wheels for walking are arranged at the bottom of the rack 2; the frame 2 is connected and set up at draw gear 1's rear, feeding conveyor 3 collects the soil particle of transporting ground, compounding mechanism 5 sets up the discharge end at feeding conveyor 3, just compounding mechanism 5 sets up the rear at feeding conveyor 3, and feeding conveyor 3 transports the loose, refined soil particle that ground was ploughed in to compounding mechanism 5 in, first repairing agent adds subassembly 4 and is located compounding mechanism 5's top and adds first repairing agent material to compounding mechanism 5, second repairing agent adds subassembly 6 and sets up the discharge end at compounding mechanism 5, second repairing agent adds subassembly 6 and sprays the second repairing agent solution in the soil mixture after to compounding mechanism 5 export. First repairing agent material is the microbial culture medium, can select to use fungus mushroom class microbial culture medium, or can convert the microbial degradation fungus crowd of heavy metal characteristic, absorbs the heavy metal in the soil through the growth of bacterial colony, second repairing agent solution is aqueous solution or microorganism growth agent nutrient solution, increases the humidity of soil through aqueous solution, easily during the culture medium mixes into soil particle simultaneously, does benefit to the growth of microorganism. The feeding and conveying mechanism, the mixing mechanism and the microorganism culture medium of the soil are comprehensively arranged on the same equipment, and the soil particles on the ground are gradually transported, added with the repairing agent, fully mixed and then returned to the ground in situ continuously in a forward mode, so that the in-situ repairing of the soil is realized, the cycle time of each process is greatly shortened, the soil particles are fully crushed, and the soil repairing agent and the soil particles are fully mixed.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding and conveying mechanism 3 includes a conveyor 31 and feeding shovels 32 arranged on the conveyor 31, the conveyor 31 is a crawler-type conveyor, a plurality of the feeding shovels 32 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the profile of a rotating belt of the conveyor 31, the conveyor 3 is arranged from the feeding end to the discharging end in an inclined manner from front to back, the feeding end of the conveyor 3 extends into the ground, soil particles below the ground are operated by the feeding shovels 32, and the discharging end of the conveyor 3 is located above the mixing mechanism 5; the feeding shovel 32 shovels soil particles on the ground and below the ground and continuously conveys the soil particles to the mixing mechanism 5 through the feeding conveying mechanism 3. Feeding shovel 32 is the L type plate body of bending, feeding shovel 32's length direction sets up along conveyer 31's width direction, feeding shovel 32 includes integrated into one piece's shovel sword portion 33 and soil portion 34, shovel sword portion 33 is connected on conveyer 3's rotation area through soil portion 34 that gathers, shovel sword portion 33 interval and the rotation area that is on a parallel with the conveyer, shovel sword portion 33 is located the front side of soil portion 34 that gathers on the direction of drive, and shovel sword portion 33 shovels the soil particle that moves the bottom surface and concentrates through soil portion 34 that gathers, prevents that soil from falling, and feeding shovel also forms a container that is used for storing soil particle temporarily, makes soil particle transport along direction of drive.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the mixing mechanism 5 includes a mixing box 50, a stirring mechanism 52 and an eccentric cam 56, the mixing box 50 is a box structure with an opening facing to the inside, the stirring mechanism 52 is transversely and rotatably disposed inside the mixing box 50, the eccentric cam 56 is fixedly disposed at each of two ends of a rotating shaft of the stirring mechanism 52, the eccentric cam 56 is rotatably disposed on a side wall of the mixing box 50, and the stirring mechanism 52 is eccentrically rotated by the eccentric cam 56; the rotating shaft 51 of the stirring mechanism 52 is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the soil remediation device, and the bottom of the mixing box 50 is provided with a semi-open discharge port 500. The driving motor shaft sets up the eccentric department at eccentric cam, eccentric cam's eccentricity should not be too big, below 10cm can, eccentric cam 56 makes axis of rotation 51 and motor shaft have certain eccentricity, when rabbling mechanism rotates, can produce vibrations and the impact of certain range, stirring vane 52 rotates when overturning soil, the scope that the effect of eccentric motion can make the upset is bigger, and make the soil granule in mixing box 50 form vibrations, and form the state that the soil granule was raised when rotating vane rotates to the upper surface of soil granule, increase the degree that soil granule and microbiological culture medium mix, and stirring vane 52 holistic eccentric rotation forms the massive soil granule that the impact force can further be broken, and still do benefit to mixing box 50 in the whereabouts of the soil granule of discharge gate.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, a swing plate 55 is rotatably disposed in the discharge port 500, an edge of the swing plate 55 is hinged to an edge of an opening of the discharge port 500 through a rotating shaft or a hinge, etc., a rotating axis of the swing plate 55 is parallel to a rotating axis of the stirring mechanism 52, a hinge block 54 is disposed on an opposite side of the swing plate 55 with respect to the rotating axis, the hinge block 54 is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 53, the other end of the connecting rod 53 is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft 51, the swing plate 55 is vertically swung and opened and closed in the discharge port 500 along with the eccentric rotation of the stirring mechanism 52, and is sleeved on the rotating shaft 51 through a gap of the connecting rod 53, during the eccentric rotation of the rotating shaft, the swing plate 55 can be linked to form continuous opening and closing swing, so that the discharge port is opened or closed, soil particles fall down, and the intermittent opening and closing motion can prevent the blockage of the mixed soil particles, the opening and closing frequency of the swing plate is the same as the rotation number of the rotation shaft, the solid material outlet continuously discharges materials without interruption, the bottom of the mixing box 50 comprises a fixing plate 58, the fixing plate 58 is arranged opposite to the swing plate 55, and the fixing plate 58 and the swing plate 55 enable the bottom of the mixing box 50 to form an open or closed structure; one side wall of the fixing plate 58 opposite to the swinging plate 55 comprises a serrated tooth mouth structure 580, the tooth mouth structure 580 extends along the length direction of the rotating shaft 51, and the two tooth mouth structures 580 are staggered and staggered; the two jaw structures 580 crush the soil particles again by the swinging open and close of the swinging plate 55, while also preventing the clogging of the discharge port 500.
As shown in fig. 6, the stirring mechanism 52 includes stirring impellers 520 and dividing lines 59, the dividing lines 59 are high-strength fine iron bars, a plurality of the stirring impellers 520 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 51 at intervals, the dividing lines 59 are sequentially arranged on the blades of the stirring impellers 520 along the direction of the rotating shaft 51, the dividing lines 59 are parallel to the rotating shaft 51, and a plurality of the dividing lines 59 are respectively arranged at intervals along the length direction of the blades, so that soil particles are further finely divided and crushed during the rotation of the dividing lines 59, and the first remediation agent material can be sufficiently mixed with the soil particles.
As shown in fig. 5 and 8, the second repairing agent assembly 6 includes a liquid storage tank 60, a partition 63 and a pressurizing water pump 62, the liquid storage tank 60 is a closed box structure including an inner cavity, the liquid storage tank 60 is divided into a liquid collecting cavity 61 and a pressurizing cavity 64 by the partition 63, a through hole 66 is formed in the partition 63, the liquid collecting cavity 61 is communicated with the pressurizing cavity 64 by the through hole 66, the pressurizing water pump 62 is arranged in the liquid collecting cavity 61, and a liquid outlet of the pressurizing water pump 62 is connected with the through hole 66; a plurality of liquid outlet micropores 65 are formed in one side wall, opposite to the partition plate 63, of the pressurizing cavity 64, a plurality of liquid outlet micropores 65 are formed at intervals along the advancing direction perpendicular to the soil remediation device, the liquid outlet micropores 65 are located below the discharge port 500 of the mixing box 50, the liquid outlet micropores 65 are located on the front side of the discharge port 500 in the advancing direction of the soil remediation device, and the second remediation agent component 6 sprays second remediation agent solution into soil particles which are sprayed downwards from the discharge port 500. Pressurizing the pressurizing cavity by a pressurizing water pump 62, spraying the solution in the pressurizing cavity 64 from the liquid outlet micropores 65 in a spraying state, mixing the sprayed solution with the soil particles at the discharge hole 500, absorbing the mixed solution by the soil particles, and then dropping the soil particles to the ground; the water solution increases the humidity of the soil, and simultaneously, the culture medium is easy to be mixed into soil particles, thereby being beneficial to the growth of microorganisms.
A microbial remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out rotary tillage on soil polluted by heavy metal by a rotary cultivator for 30 centimeters below the ground, and repeatedly crushing the soil by a plow harrow to form soil particles so as to crush massive soil as much as possible;
s2: adding a soil conditioner into the soil particles, turning over, watering and standing for 3-5 days; after the soil is over, soil is ploughed again; during the last rotary tillage, the soil can be ploughed for multiple times, and the soil is exposed to the sun to reduce the humidity of the soil as much as possible, wherein the soil conditioner is wheat bran, plant ash, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, quicklime, zeolite, hydroxyapatite and organic fertilizer, is used for increasing the fertilizer of the soil, integrates the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and also provides a growth environment for utilizing microbial colonies;
s3: restoring the polluted soil which is previously ploughed and pretreated by the soil restoration device:
firstly, a soil remediation device is dragged to advance above heavy metal contaminated soil through a traction device 1, a feeding end of a feeding conveying mechanism 3 extends to the position below the ground, soil particles are conveyed to a discharging end of the conveyor through operation of the conveyor and a circularly rotating feeding shovel 32, soil at the discharging end is conveyed to a mixing mechanism 5 below the discharging end, the soil particles are turned and crushed in the mixing mechanism 5, meanwhile, a microbial culture medium is added into the mixing mechanism 5 through a first remediation agent adding assembly 4, and the microbial culture medium and the soil particles are mixed under the action of a stirring mechanism;
the eccentric cams are rotationally arranged on the wall body of the mixing box 50 through the driving of the motor, the rotating shaft 51 of the stirring mechanism is formed to rotate in a deflection mode relative to the mixing box 50 through the two eccentric cams 56, when the stirring impeller 52 rotates to turn over soil, the turning range can be larger due to the action of eccentric motion, soil particles in the mixing box 50 are vibrated, a soil particle lifting state is formed when the rotating blades rotate to the upper surface of the soil particles, the mixing degree of the soil particles and the microbial culture medium is increased, and the whole eccentric rotation of the stirring impeller 52 forms an impact force to further break large soil particles;
thirdly, a plurality of dividing lines on the stirring blade divide larger soil particles in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, so that the crushing degree of the soil is further increased;
in the process of eccentric rotation of the rotating shaft 51, the connecting rod 53 moves eccentrically along with the rotating shaft 51, the connecting rod 53 drives the swinging plate 55 to move around the hinged end of the swinging plate 55 to open and close, when the swinging plate 55 and the fixing plate 58 are in a coplanar state, the discharge port 500 is in a closed state, soil particles are turned and crushed in the mixing box 50 and mixed with a microorganism culture medium, and when the swinging plate 55 is in a staggered state, the discharge port 500 is in an open state, and the soil particles flow out downwards from the discharge port; during the relative movement of the swing plate 55 and the fixed plate 58, the soil particles discharged from the discharge port 500 are crushed again through the tooth mouth structure 580;
in the liquid storage box 60, the pressurizing cavity is pressurized by the pressurizing water pump 62, so that the solution in the pressurizing cavity 64 is sprayed from the liquid outlet micropores 65 in a spraying state, the sprayed solution is mixed with the soil particles in the discharge hole 500 and absorbed by the soil particles, and then the soil particles fall to the ground;
s4: periodically spraying an aqueous solution or a low-concentration microorganism solution to the soil particles after the remediation treatment.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.