CN109429900A - A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429900A CN109429900A CN201811533730.2A CN201811533730A CN109429900A CN 109429900 A CN109429900 A CN 109429900A CN 201811533730 A CN201811533730 A CN 201811533730A CN 109429900 A CN109429900 A CN 109429900A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that it is cultivated at Lin Yin, and the specific steps are (1) using the three wooden medicinal material sawdusts, cotton seed hulls, corncob, gypsum, lime as cultivation matrix;(2) bacterium bag makes;(3) it is inoculated with;(4) germicidal management;(5) go out sesame period management;(6) it harvests;(7) change of tide management.The ganoderma lucidum cultivated through the invention, cost of labor is low, and the period is short, and mode of appearance is good, and content of drug effect components is high.Compared with compareing commonsense method, the production cycle shortens 12 days, and yield increased improves 7.34%, and polysaccharide, triterpene and sterol content increase by 13.9% and 18.2% than control respectively, has extraordinary economical, societal benefits, and large-scale promotion is worth to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, belong to edible mushroom field.
Background technique
Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.ex Fr.) Karst., also known as Lin Zhongling, fine jade are precious, are Polyporaceaes
The fructification of fungi ganoderma lucidum.Have effects that invigorating qi for tranquilization, it is relieving cough and asthma, promote longevity.It continues to use centuries and does not wane, history card
It is bright its with high medical value and nutritive value.Modern medicine study and clinical application prove: ganoderma lucidum energy health and beauty;It is right
Chronic bronchitis, coronary heart diseases and angina pectoris and hyperlipidemia, hypertension, neurasthenia, hepatitis, disease of hematopoietic system have significant treatment
Effect, taking ganoderma lucidum can also whet the appetite in addition to curing the disease, and improve sleep, delaying human body caducity, strengthening body.
Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method is mainly booth cultivation and hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating at present.The ganoderma lucidum of booth cultivation is due to absorbing
Less than natural ground vapour, the speed of growth is fast, and the period is short, but kind is poor, and medicinal ingredient ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and triterpene and sterol content are low;
Hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating compensates for the shortcomings that booth cultivation to a certain extent, but technology is not mature enough at present, and the period is long, produces
Measure low, quality is unstable.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of new Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that
It is cultivated at Lin Yin, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it configures cultivation matrix: weighing three wooden 55-65 parts of medicinal material sawdusts, 15-25 parts of cotton seed hulls, corncob 12-24 respectively
Part, 0.7-1.3 parts of gypsum, 0.7-1.3 parts of lime;The described three wooden medicinal materials are Cortex Eucommiae, trunk and tree after Cortex Phellodendri magnolia obovata peeling
Branch;
(2) bacterium bag makes: cotton seed hulls, corncob are prewetted 12h~for 24 hours with water, be blended into other matrix, mix thoroughly, stack retting,
PH value, pack are adjusted, by bacterium bag layering pile sterilizing, cooling is spare;
(3) it is inoculated with: taking lucidum strain, access bacterium bag, sealing is transferred to bacteria-producing room;
(4) germicidal management: bacterium bag is layered pile in bacteria-producing room, and mycelia crosses turning after shoulder, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag and forms bacterium bag,
It moves under Lin Yin;
(5) go out sesame period management: with six bacterium bags for one group, sloughing bacterium bag, it is vertical and horizontal that intersect be two layers, it is placed in furrow face, earthing,
Furrow face is struck off, one layer of black sunshade net is covered;
(6) harvest: sesame piece lignifying aggravates, and edge white growing point disappears, and cap no longer extends, and edge starts to thicken
When, fructification is harvested, the handle base of a fruit is stayed;
(7) change of tide management: harvesting terminates, and goes weeds, arranges furrow face, earthing, after 20-30d, former sesame handle director goes out son
Entity harvests second batch of ganoderma lucidum to maturation.
Further, the weight proportion of step (1) described matrix are as follows: three wooden 60 parts of sawdust of the medicinal materials, 20 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn
18 parts of core, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime;Cortex Eucommiae in the three wooden medicinal material sawdusts, Cortex Phellodendri magnolia obovata the weight proportion of sawdust be 1:
1:1.
Further, the moisture content after mixing thoroughly described in step (2) is 65%-70%;And/or the stack retting time is
5d;And/or the tune pH value is to adjust pH to 6.5 with limewash;And/or gap is 2cm between the layering pile bacterium bag;
And/or the sterilizing is normal-pressure sterilization 24 hours;And/or the temperature that is cooled to is cooled to 15-25 DEG C.
Further, the tool of step (3) described inoculation, bacterium bag and the cultivar bottle Babysafe disinfectant powder equipped with strain
Stifling 30min;And/or the operation of the inoculation is sterile working;And/or the dosage of the strain is every bottle of cultivar
(650ml) connects 10 bags of bacterium bags;And/or the bacteria-producing room is by disinfection treatment.
Further, step (4) the bacterium bag layering stacking height is 6 layers, and gap is 2cm between bacterium bag;And/or institute
Stating temperature of germinal chamber is 23-26 DEG C, air humidity 50-70%, gas concentration lwevel 200-500ppm;And/or it described turns over
Growth conditions bad and contaminated bacterium bag is rejected when heap.
Further, step (5) every group of bacterium bag spacing is 10cm, is enriched between every group of bacterium bag with soil;And/or it is described
Thickness of earth covering is 2-3cm;And/or the liftoff high 2-2.5m of sunshade net.
Further, selection fine day harvesting when step (6) the harvesting fructification;And/or staying the length of the handle base of a fruit is 1-
2cm。
Further, step (7) thickness of earth covering is 2-3cm.
Further, the bacterium bag specification is 17cm × 33cm × 0.05cm.
The present invention finally provides a kind of method for doing furrow, it is characterised in that: and it digs at Lin Yin, strikes carefully, be wide 2-3m,
The high ridge that distance flexibly determines between long Yi Shu and tree, furrow face are watered, furrow with one layer of quick lime spreading, solar exposure 3-5d with water
Face surrounding digs the ditch of 20-30cm depth to get the furrow of cultivating ganoderma.
The ganoderma lucidum that Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is produced through the invention, cost of labor is low, and the period is short, mode of appearance
Good, content of drug effect components is high.Compared with compareing commonsense method, the production cycle shortens 12 days, and yield increased improves 7.34%,
Polysaccharide, triterpene and sterol content increase by 13.9% and 18.2% than control respectively, have extraordinary economical, societal benefits, value
Large-scale promotion is obtained to use.
Obviously, above content according to the present invention is not being departed from according to the ordinary technical knowledge and customary means of this field
Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention, the modification, replacement or change of other diversified forms can also be made.
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples remakes further specifically above content of the invention
It is bright.But the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.It is all to be based on above content of the present invention
The technology realized all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 ganoderma lucidum hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating schematic diagram
Specific embodiment
The ganoderma lucidum hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating method of the present invention of embodiment 1
1, strain source
Sichuan Province's Approved variety " space pool ganoderma lucidum " (medicine 2015008 is examined in river).
2, region
Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, holiday resort, the world Qi Liping (N29 ° of 34 ', 25 " of north latitude, E103 ° of 15 ', 23 " of east longitude)
3 place elections
Hayashishita.
4 cultivations
A, planting type
Pocket type clinker hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating, cultivating bacteria bag specification 17cm × 33cm × 0.03cm.
B, cultural method
(1) configure cultivation matrix: weigh respectively it is fresh, without mildew, free from insect pests, clean, dry raw material: the three wooden medicinal materials wood
60 parts, 20 parts of cotton seed hulls, 18 parts of corncob, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime of bits.(Cortex Eucommiae (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv) belongs to
Eucommiaceae Cortex Eucommiae category, Cortex Phellodendri (Phellodendron chinense Schneid) belong to Rutaceae Phellodendron, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Magnolia
Officinalis Rehd.et Wlis.) belong to Magnoliaceae Magnolia, three is skin class woody medicinal plant, is collectively referred to as " the three wooden medicines
Material ", Cortex Eucommiae, Cortex Phellodendri magnolia obovata sawdust weight proportion be 1:1:1);
(2) bacterium bag makes: the cotton seed hulls weighed up, corncob are prewetted 12h~for 24 hours with water.Other raw materials are mixed into it again
In mix thoroughly.The moisture content of culture material controls between 65-70%, to have water droplet exudation between webs, but not with a material is held
Dripping is advisable.Stack retting 5d after spice.PH to 6.5 is adjusted with limewash.By the bacterium bag installed layering code in sterilizing kitchen, bag and bag
Between stay the gap of 2cm, so as to steam circulation, sterilizing is thorough.It is sterilized for 24 hours after connecting snorkel with normal-pressure sterilization method.It is cooling
It is spare to 15-25 DEG C;
(3) be inoculated with: by the material bag cool down after sterilizing and cultivar bottle through 75 ﹪ alcohol surface sterilizations with clean up
Inoculating tool is put into inoculating hood, can be inoculated with Babysafe disinfectant powder stifling half an hour.Strain is rejected with inoculation hook when inoculation
The aging bacterium layer on surface, and strain stirred it is scattered, can not be excessively broken, being pounded shelled peanut size is advisable.The tying at material bag both ends is opened, point
Not Jie Ru strain, seal, tighten immediately, in cycles.Strain, which dissipates, to be sprinkling upon on charge level, and sowing quantity is controlled in every bottle of cultivar
(650ml) connects 10 bag cultivating bags.Seeded process should shorten out a bag time as far as possible, accomplish sterile working, and strict control is reduced dirty
Dye.Bacterium bag is transferred to the bacteria-producing room for the good poison that disappeared after the completion of to be seeded;
(4) germicidal management: bacterium bag layering code in bacteria-producing room, stacking height is 6 layers.It between bag and bag should there are 2cm
Gap, in favor of gas exchanges.The control of bacteria developing period temperature is advisable at 23-26 DEG C, and air humidity is controlled in 50%-70%.
Combination temperature, humidity condition are aerated ventilation during bacterium germination, control temperature at 23-26 DEG C, control gas concentration lwevel exists
200-500ppm.After crossing shoulder to mycelia, turning can be carried out, the bacterium bag of outer rim is moved inward, the bacterium bag of inner layer to movement, with
Just the growing way of mycelia is relatively uniform.The bad and contaminated bacterium bag of growth conditions is picked out simultaneously;
(5) go out sesame period management:
A. furrow are done
Do high ridge with digging at Lin Yin, distance flexibly determines between furrow wide 2-3m, long short distance Yi Shu and tree.Doing before furrow should be
Furrow face soil is dug, and is struck thin.Furrow face bottom uses quick lime to shift to an earlier date spreading one time in advance, is watered after solar exposure 3-5d with water.Furrow face
Side all needs the ditch for digging 20-30cm depth to use convenient for draining.
One layer of black sunshade net is covered at 2-2.5m high from soil, when preventing rainwater excess, soil is flushed away, and is gone out to ganoderma lucidum
Sesame threatens.
B. bacterium bag buries soil
When burying soil, bacterium bag is all sloughed, with six bacterium bags for one group, vertical and horizontal intersection is two layers, it is neatly placed in furrow face,
Surrounding spacing is 10cm.And then second group is being placed.It is enriched between group and group with soil.The soil of 2-3cm thickness is covered above bacterium bag, i.e.,
It can.After earthing, hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating can be carried out by striking off furrow surface;
(6) it harvests
D. harvesting standard
Sesame piece edge white growing point disappears.Cap no longer extends, and edge starts to thicken, the weight gain of sesame piece, sesame piece lignifying
It aggravates;
F. collecting method
Mature ganoderma lucidum should select fine day to harvest, and cut off or cut sesame handle from sesame handle root portion with scraper or secateurs, stay the handle base of a fruit
1-2cm;
(7) change of tide management: harvesting terminates, and goes weeds, arranges furrow face, earthing, after 20-30d, former sesame handle director goes out son
Entity harvests second batch of ganoderma lucidum to maturation.
Ganoderma lucidum hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating effect is shown in Fig. 1
Illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention below by way of test example:
1 present invention of test example and conventional hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating comparative test
(1) sawdust is used in cultivation
Test group: the waste after the three wooden medicinal material harvestings is mostly the trunk and branch after peeling, with the three wooden medicinal material wastes
For raw material, it is ground into sawdust;
Control group: common sawdust
(2) cultivation formula
Test group cultivation formula: the three wooden medicinal material sawdusts 60%, cotton seed hulls 20%, corncob 18%, gypsum 1%, lime
1%.
Control group cultivation formula: sawdust 60%, cotton seed hulls 20%, corncob 18%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%.
(3) soil covering culture mode:
Test group: bacterium bag is all sloughed, and with six bacterium bags for one group, vertical and horizontal intersection is two layers, is neatly placed in furrow face,
Surrounding spacing is 10cm.And then second group is being placed.It is enriched between group and group with soil.Soil after covering 2-3cm above bacterium bag, i.e.,
It can.After earthing, furrow surface (under forest land, humidity itself is larger, and soil is wetter, without watering after bacterium bag earthing) is struck off, i.e.,
It can carry out hayashishita pseudo-wild cultivating.
Control group (conventional cultivation): be uniformly emitted in soil after the bacteria stick for covering with mycelia is taken off bag (2 one group, one
Layer), uniform earthing, remaining planting type is identical, to its development.
(4) data compare
1 space pool ganoderma lucidum of table phenological period record sheet under different formulations and planting type
It is shortened 12 days using the wooden medicinal material formula of the present invention three and the ganoderma lucidum of soil covering culture mode, production cycle.
2 space pool ganoderma lucidum of table sporophore shape index record sheet under different formulations and planting type
Using the wooden medicinal material formula of the present invention three and the ganoderma lucidum of soil covering culture mode, mode of appearance is fuller, more appearance.
3 space pool ganoderma lucidum of table active constituent content under different formulations and planting type records
Using the wooden medicinal material formula of the present invention three and the ganoderma lucidum of soil covering culture mode, effective component polysaccharide, triterpene and sterol contain
Amount has been respectively increased 13.9%, 18.2%.
4 space pool ganoderma lucidum of table absolute conversion rate record (yield) under different formulations and planting type
Using the wooden medicinal material formulas of the present invention three and the ganoderma lucidum of soil covering culture mode, output increased 7.34%.
From comparative experiments: the growth cycle of cultural method of the invention, ganoderma lucidum is short, and mode of appearance is good, effective component
Content is high.Compared with compareing commonsense method, the production cycle shortens 12 days, and yield increased improves 7.34%, polysaccharide, triterpene and
Sterol content increases by 13.9% and 18.2% than control respectively, has extraordinary economical, societal benefits, is worth large-scale promotion
It uses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that it is cultivated at Lin Yin, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) configure cultivation matrix: weigh respectively three wooden 55-65 parts of the medicinal material sawdusts, 15-25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 12-24 parts of corncob,
0.7-1.3 parts of gypsum, 0.7-1.3 parts of lime;The described three wooden medicinal materials are Cortex Eucommiae, trunk and branch after Cortex Phellodendri magnolia obovata peeling;
(2) bacterium bag makes: cotton seed hulls, corncob being prewetted 12h~for 24 hours with water, other matrix is blended into, mixes thoroughly, stack retting, adjusts pH
Value, pack, by bacterium bag layering pile sterilizing, cooling is spare;
(3) it is inoculated with: taking lucidum strain, access bacterium bag, sealing is transferred to bacteria-producing room;
(4) germicidal management: bacterium bag is layered pile in bacteria-producing room, and mycelia crosses turning after shoulder, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag and forms bacterium bag, moves to
Under Lin Yin;
(5) go out sesame period management: with six bacterium bags for one group, sloughing bacterium bag, vertical and horizontal intersection is two layers, is placed in furrow face, earthing strikes off
Furrow face covers one layer of black sunshade net;
(6) harvest: sesame piece lignifying aggravates, and edge white growing point disappears, and cap no longer extends, and when edge starts to thicken, adopts
Fructification is received, the handle base of a fruit is stayed;
(7) change of tide management: harvesting terminates, and goes weeds, arranges furrow face, and earthing, after 20-30d, former sesame handle director goes out fructification,
Second batch of ganoderma lucidum is harvested to maturation.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the weight proportion of step (1) described matrix are as follows: the three wooden medicinal materials
60 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of cotton seed hulls, 18 parts of corncob, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime;Cortex Eucommiae in the three wooden medicinal material sawdusts, Cortex Phellodendri and
The weight proportion of the sawdust of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis is 1:1:1.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the moisture content after mixing thoroughly described in step (2) is 65%-
70%;And/or the stack retting time is 5d;And/or the tune pH value is to adjust pH to 6.5 with limewash;And/or it is described
Being layered gap between pile bacterium bag is 2cm;And/or the sterilizing is normal-pressure sterilization 24 hours;And/or described it is cooled to temperature
It is cooled to 15-25 DEG C.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the tool of step (3) described inoculation, bacterium bag and be equipped with strain
Cultivar bottle with Babysafe disinfectant powder fumigate 30min;And/or the operation of the inoculation is sterile working;And/or the bacterium
The dosage of kind is that every bottle of cultivar (650ml) connects 10 bags of bacterium bags;And/or the bacteria-producing room is by disinfection treatment.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: step (4) bacterium bag layering stacking height is 6 layers, bacterium
Gap is 2cm between bag;And/or the temperature of germinal chamber is 23-26 DEG C, air humidity 50-70%, gas concentration lwevel
For 200-500ppm;And/or growth conditions bad and contaminated bacterium bag is rejected when the turning.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: step (5) every group of bacterium bag spacing is 10cm, every group of bacterium
Parlor is enriched with soil;And/or the thickness of earth covering is 2-3cm;And/or the liftoff high 2-2.5m of sunshade net.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: selection fine day harvesting when step (6) the harvesting fructification;
And/or staying the length of the handle base of a fruit is 1-2cm.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: step (7) thickness of earth covering is 2-3cm.
9. method according to claim 1-8, it is characterised in that: the bacterium bag specification be 17cm × 33cm ×
0.05cm。
10. the production method of furrow described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it digs, is struck carefully at Lin Yin, be wide 2-3m, it is long to set
The high ridge that distance flexibly determines between tree, furrow face solar exposure 3-5 days, are watered, furrow face surrounding with one layer of quick lime spreading with water
The ditch of 20-30cm depth is dug to get the furrow of cultivating ganoderma.
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CN110218656A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 南京工业大学 | The two-way solid fermentation method of ganoderma lucidum-dregs of a decoction and application using air pressure pulsation |
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CN110073892A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-02 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | A kind of semi-open type hayashishita ganoderma lucidum soil covering culture method |
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