CN109413003A - A kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things - Google Patents
A kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things, belong to internet of things field.The water environment data transmission system includes acquisition module, protocol analysis conversion module, data processing module, data transmission management module and database and application layer module；The method includes acquisition step, protocol analysis switch process, data processing step, data transfer management step and database and application layer steps.Present invention can apply to have many advantages, such as that data monitoring is real-time, accuracy is high in various monitoring water environment systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things belong to technology of Internet of things neck
Domain.
Background technique
Groundwater monitoring is the important foundation of underground water planning management, rational exploitation and utilization and water resource optimal allocation scheduling
Work, groundwater monitoring information all play a significant role field irrigation, domestic water and ecological environmental protection etc., directly close
It is to people's lives, the layout of industrial and agricultural production.The long-range real-tune TT & C of water environment is one soft or hard with data transmission storage system
Part combine automatic network system, it be water head site or on water unit equipment installation one water resource detection and control terminal,
It realizes the acquisition to parameters such as watermeter flowing rate, well water level, water temperatures, passes through communication network and water resources management unit department of computer science
System networking can be monitored and be managed to water resource relevant parameter, and the parameters such as correlative flow, well water level, water temperature are by the communication technology
It is automatically credited water resource monitoring and total management system central database.This part is remote in water environment water level, water temperature, water
The control subsystem of functions and the corresponding facilities and equipments such as journey monitors in system-based, and development water environment winning apparatus opens, stops, lead to
It crosses dynamic analysis and further studies the dynamic changing rule of monitoring point reservoir, water environment is controlled according to monitoring result and the result of decision
Data analysis.
At present about the supervising and management in real time of groundwater resources, external some developed countries had decades even on
Century-old history, wherein the U.S., Japan, Holland product maintain the leading position in technical performance.The U.S. was from last century 80 years
In generation, starts the groundwater monitoring Information Network for just establishing the whole nation.Domestic groundwater monitoring development compared with developed countries there is also
Biggish gap, during nearest decades utilizing water resource, China various regions have gradually formed the prison of considerable scale
Survey grid is especially supplied according to incompletely statistics in north of China with underground water with the northern area that underground water is main water source
17 provinces and cities based on water establish preliminary water table measure net, are made that for the scientific evaluation and management of China's water resource
Due contribution.In nineteen ninety-five just once by taking Henan Province as an example, local ground watering information management system is had developed, the system is in crisis
Under environment, the related figure of groundwater management, data, text information are retrieved and analyzed, is provided for Groundwater Resource Management
Aid decision tool.The domestic monitoring overwhelming majority to underground water is based on artificial observation at present, i.e., at regular intervals by special
People goes the variation of measurement water level with a lining rope to each monitoring point.This monitoring mode is time-consuming, laborious, human error is big, holds
It is easily affected by environment.Domestic some areas carry out non real-time acquisition in some measuring instruments that use of water resource master data,
Compared to developed countries such as the U.S., Japan, also in lower level, in the integrated application of information technology integrated level it is high not enough,
Networking and intelligentized development potentiality are also bigger.It is directly asked using external equipment and technology there is also many in China
Topic, the first higher cost of introducing equipment and technology are not suitable for China and largely popularize；Secondly, external communication standard and I
State-owned larger difference directly cannot be applied directly in China；Again, external underground regimen and China are different, and evaluating standard is not yet
Equally, therefore overseas equipment may be not suitable for China.To sum up urgently need a kind of water resources management for being practically applicable to China's national situation first
Into technology, services domestic development and need.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes to solve the problems, such as that Water resources data transmits in the prior art, managing, detecting time-consuming and laborious
A kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things, the technical solution taken are as follows:
A kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things, the water environment data transmission system include:
For acquiring the acquisition module of water environment data；
Protocol analysis for the collected water environment data of the acquisition module to be carried out protocol analysis and conversion is converted
Module；
The data processing that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are handled
Module；
The data transmission management module that data for obtaining the data processing module are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer module of the data transmission module transmission data, wherein application layer module is
Other application equipment, such as monitoring and display system equipment.
Further, the data processing module includes:
The data compression that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are compressed
Module；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the data of Error Control
Error Control module；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are converted to the number of unified format
According to uniform format module；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the fault-tolerant data of isomery
The fault-tolerant module of isomery.
Further, the fault-tolerant module of the Heterogeneous data completes the fusion between complementary information by BP neural network.
Further, the data transmission management module includes:
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the groundwater parameter of groundwater parameter calculating
Computing module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the Resources calculation module of Resources calculation；
The assembly type of data information progress component secondary development for being obtained according to the data processing module is secondary to be opened
Send out module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module establishes the underground water of Groundwater regime forecasting module
Dynamic prediction model establishes module；
The isopleth that data information for being obtained according to the data processing module automatically generates isopleth automatically generates
Module.
Further, the acquisition module include temperature sensor, humidity sensor, water level sensor, water sensor,
PH value sensor and Beidou positioning device.
A kind of water environment data transmission method based on Internet of Things, the water environment data transmission method include:
For acquiring the acquisition step of water environment data；
Protocol analysis for the collected water environment data of the acquisition step to be carried out protocol analysis and conversion is converted
Step；
The data processing that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are handled
Step；
The data transfer management step that data for obtaining the data processing step are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer step of the data transmission step transmission data.
Further, the data processing step includes:
The data compression that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are compressed
Step；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the data of Error Control
Error Control step；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are converted to the number of unified format
According to uniform format step；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the fault-tolerant data of isomery
The fault-tolerant step of isomery.
Further, the fault-tolerant step of the Heterogeneous data completes the fusion between complementary information by BP neural network.
Further, the data transfer management step includes:
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the groundwater parameter of groundwater parameter calculating
Calculate step；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the Resources calculation step of Resources calculation；
The assembly type of data information progress component secondary development for being obtained according to the data processing step is secondary to be opened
Send out step；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step establishes the underground water of Groundwater regime forecasting step
Dynamic prediction model establishment step；
The isopleth that data information for being obtained according to the data processing step automatically generates isopleth automatically generates
Step.
Further, the acquisition data in the acquisition step include the temperature data of temperature sensor acquisition, humidity biography
The humidity data of sensor acquisition, the waterlevel data of water level sensor acquisition, the water data of water sensor acquisition, pH value sensing
The pH value data of device acquisition and the position data of Beidou positioning device acquisition.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things proposed by the present invention is water environment monitoring system
The transmission middleware system and corresponding transmission method of system are mainly transmitted by protocol analysis conversion, data processing and data
Management, and data acquisition is carried out by different acquisition equipment, and can be realized and shield different hardware interfaces, it converts different
Transport protocol and data format finally show collected water environment data and monitoring data.This method can acquire water in real time
Environmental data, and automatic and accurate handles a large amount of water environment information and completes data preparation and displaying, is not necessarily to the extensive work human world
Artificial processing, largely improves the accuracy of water environment data monitoring, it is entirely avoided caused by artificial processing accidentally
Difference.
(2) a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things proposed by the present invention is completely suitable for China
The monitoring of native country water environment indices, manufacturing cost is low, practical.
(3) a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things proposed by the present invention passes through data processing mould
Block realizes the real-time processing and detection of water environment data, and a variety of data of water environment are merged, data processing is substantially reduced
Imperfection effectively increases the accuracy (data processing accuracy is increased to 98%) of data processing, largely reduces
Data processing error；
(4) a kind of water environment data transmission system and method based on Internet of Things proposed by the present invention is turned by protocol analysis
Block is changed the mold by different communication Protocol Conversions into unified format, makes a kind of water environment data based on Internet of Things proposed by the present invention
Transmission system makes system of the present invention be suitable for various network protocols, greatly in the case where not needing artificial secondary setting
Degree improve a kind of practical application of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things of the present invention adaptability and
The popularity of application environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of system construction drawing of the water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the algorithm model figure that the fault-tolerant inside modules of Heterogeneous data of the present invention are related to.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention proposes in a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things that monitoring and warning system is
System illustraton of model.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention should not be limited by the examples.
Embodiment 1, is illustrated referring to Fig.1:
A kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things, the water environment data transmission system include:
For acquiring the acquisition module of water environment data；
Protocol analysis for the collected water environment data of the acquisition module to be carried out protocol analysis and conversion is converted
Module；
The data processing that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are handled
Module；
The data transmission management module that data for obtaining the data processing module are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer module of the data transmission module transmission data.
A kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things that the present embodiment proposes is the biography of water environment monitoring system
Defeated middleware system mainly by protocol analysis conversion, data processing and data transfer management, and is set by different acquisitions
It is standby to carry out data acquisition, and can be realized and shield different hardware interfaces, different transport protocol and data format are converted, finally
Show collected water environment data and monitoring data.This method can acquire water environment data in real time, and automatic and accurate is handled
A large amount of water environment information simultaneously completes data preparation and displaying, artificially handles without the extensive work human world, largely improves
The accuracy of water environment data monitoring, it is entirely avoided it is artificial handle caused by error.
Embodiment 2, is illustrated referring to Fig.1:
Embodiment 2 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 1,
The data processing module includes:
The data compression that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are compressed
Module；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the data of Error Control
Error Control module；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are converted to the number of unified format
According to uniform format module；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the fault-tolerant data of isomery
The fault-tolerant module of isomery.
The present embodiment is further limited to the data processing module, the data processing module by it is collected not
Carry out uniform format with data, and successively carry out data compression, Error Control and isomery fault-tolerance approach to collected data into
Row processing, to improve data post laser propagation effect；The data processing module can be realized the real-time processing of water environment data
And detection, a variety of data of water environment are merged, the imperfection of data processing is substantially reduced, effectively increases data processing
Accuracy (data processing accuracy is increased to 98%), largely reduce data processing error.
Embodiment 3, is illustrated referring to Fig. 2:
Embodiment 3 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 3,
The fault-tolerant module of Heterogeneous data completes the fusion between complementary information by BP neural network.In Fig. 2, X1,X2...XnRefer to
The transmission information of fixed multiple sensors, T1,T2...TnIt is to refer to opposite weighting weight,It is to refer to finally optimizing estimating
Count conclusion.
The fault-tolerant step of the isomery includes:
Step 1: pass through modelObtain weighting coefficient, wherein vector T=[T1,T2,...,Tn]T, e=
[1,1,...1]T, matrix A is the mark for transmitting the error covariance matrix of information,Corresponding optimal letter
The error covariance matrix of breath fusion estimation are as follows:
And there is relationshipEstimate for L to n dimension random vector z are unbiased
Meter, wherein i and j represent constant, and when representing different physical quantities, different ranges can be chosen according to the practical significance of physical quantity, remember
Evaluated error isAndWithCorrelation, error variance and cross covariance battle array are respectivelyWith
Step 2: doing convergence index using total mean square deviation, by obtaining least mean-square error valueWherein,
Total mean square deviation model are as follows:Its
Middle X1,X2...XnIt is the transmission information of specified multiple sensors, it can thus be appreciated that E [(X-Xi)(X-Xj)]=0, and i ≠ j, i,
J=1,2...n.
Step 3: by total mean square deviation model simplification described in step 2 are as follows:?
Obtaining overall mean square error is multiple quadratic function relevant to weighted factor, wherein σiIndicate XiCorresponding mean square deviation.
Step 4: obtaining model wherein according to constraint condition, and k is constant,
And the n of k=1,2,3 ..., and final least mean-square error is obtained according to this model:
Step 5: model is utilizedAndIt is missed to obtain the lowest mean square
Optimal estimation conclusion corresponding to difference
The fault-tolerant module of Heterogeneous data can merge a variety of data of water environment, substantially reduce data processing not
Integrality effectively increases the accuracy (data processing accuracy is increased to 98%) of data processing, largely reduces
Data processing error.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 1,
The data transmission management module includes:
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the groundwater parameter of groundwater parameter calculating
Computing module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the Resources calculation module of Resources calculation；
The assembly type of data information progress component secondary development for being obtained according to the data processing module is secondary to be opened
Send out module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module establishes the underground water of Groundwater regime forecasting module
Dynamic prediction model establishes module；
The isopleth that data information for being obtained according to the data processing module automatically generates isopleth automatically generates
Module.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 1,
The acquisition module includes temperature sensor, humidity sensor, water level sensor, water sensor, pH value sensor and Beidou
Positioning device.
Embodiment 6
A kind of water environment data transmission method based on Internet of Things, the water environment data transmission method include:
For acquiring the acquisition step of water environment data；
Protocol analysis for the collected water environment data of the acquisition step to be carried out protocol analysis and conversion is converted
Step；
The data processing that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are handled
Step；
The data transfer management step that data for obtaining the data processing step are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer step of the data transmission step transmission data.
Embodiment 7
Embodiment 7 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 6,
The data processing step includes:
The data compression that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are compressed
Step；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the data of Error Control
Error Control step；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are converted to the number of unified format
According to uniform format step；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the fault-tolerant data of isomery
The fault-tolerant step of isomery.
Embodiment 8
Embodiment 8 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 7,
The fault-tolerant step of Heterogeneous data completes the fusion between complementary information by BP neural network.
Embodiment 9
Embodiment 9 is further limiting to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 6,
The data transfer management step includes:
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the groundwater parameter of groundwater parameter calculating
Calculate step；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the Resources calculation step of Resources calculation；
The assembly type of data information progress component secondary development for being obtained according to the data processing step is secondary to be opened
Send out step；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step establishes the underground water of Groundwater regime forecasting step
Dynamic prediction model establishment step；
The isopleth that data information for being obtained according to the data processing step automatically generates isopleth automatically generates
Step.
Embodiment 10
Embodiment 10 is the further limit to a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things described in embodiment 6
It is fixed, the acquisition data in the acquisition step include the humidity of the temperature data of temperature sensor acquisition, humidity sensor acquisition
The pH value number that data, the waterlevel data of water level sensor acquisition, the water data of water sensor acquisition, pH value sensor acquire
According to the position data acquired with Beidou positioning device.
A kind of solution water environment field data of water environment transmission method novelty based on Internet of Things provided by the invention
The multi-source heterogeneous problem into central server transmission is acquired, is merged by data information, improves the accuracy of acquisition information again
It is transmitted to central server, building water environment data transmit middleware system, using typical three-tier system structure, including bottom sense
Know layer, transmits middle layer, data application layer；Wherein, bottom sensing layer is data acquisition module, including various water environment informations
Acquisition various sensors used, and transmitting middle layer includes intelligent gateway layer, data analysis layer and transfer management layer, specifically
As shown in Figure 1.For this method by the water environment information data of acquisition underground water as data source, research, which is established, is directed to water environment number
According to transmission middleware system (as shown in Figure 1), for the intelligent gateway layer of system, data analysis layer and transfer management layer knot
Structure has done specific research, finally carries out system realization and illustrates reception and the human-computer interaction interface of multi-source heterogeneous data.For
It realizes water environment automatic on-line monitoring data transmission storage and building monitoring water environment network provides reliable number in China
According to method system.
The major technique of data transmission middleware system towards water environment is intelligent gateway layer, data analysis layer and data
Transport layer.Data acquisition is carried out by different acquisition equipment, and shields different hardware interfaces by intermediate layer handles, it is different
Transport protocol and data format, show the water environment data and monitoring data that collect eventually by human-computer interaction interface form.
Middleware system is mainly used for describing network connection management software, needs to introduce middleware system due to development DDB application
System, it to manage computer network resources and network communication is connection two that it, which is a kind of independent system software or service routine,
The software systems of a different application or system sufficiently solve computer operating system, data structure and network communication side
The multi-source in face will keep apart with the development and application of application program the problems such as complicated protocol processes, parallel work-flow, be
Upper application software provides the operation exploitation environment of simple single standard.In actual application process, water environment scene such as water
There are a large amount of sensor and water pump in the place of the water environments such as library, underground water, and the controlled devices such as transformer, there are also some cameras
Etc. monitoring devices, these belong to the bottom hardware equipment in sensing layer, have a different data store organisations, transport protocol and
Different electric characteristics handles these multi-source heterogeneous problems by this method, to Water Resources Branch ought in data acquisition ask
Topic provides effective technological means.
Transmission middleware system passes through the water environment real time data of intelligent gateway layer acquisition underground water first, while will be different
Communication Protocol Conversion at internal unity format, collected different data is subjected to uniform format in data analysis layer, is gone forward side by side
Row data compression, the methods of Error Control improve data post laser propagation effect, use unified biography finally by transfer management layer
Defeated agreement is transmitted in the database of the either integrated application of application layer, as Fig. 1 is provided.CAN is commonly used in the transmission of water environment data,
RS485, Zigbee and GPRS/3G technology, multiple transport protocols are mixed to be had difficulties using the exploitation of upper application layer, and information is melted
It closes and is uniformly difficult to realize.And this method according to the north climatic characteristic and water resource situation, using advanced remote sensing telemetering with
Remote control technology, computer communication and network technology and information engineering, artificial intelligence and GIS (Geographic
Information Systems) a series of new and high technology means such as technology, it establishes water resource real-time Data Transmission and monitoring is
System.
This method will establish a distributed system, mainly by water environment (water level, water temperature and water) remote monitoring terminal
System, the long-range real-tune TT & C of water environment water intaking and data storage Transmission system and communication transmission system three parts form, at data
During reason, system by each monitoring point essential information by modes such as GSM, GPRS, 3G to monitoring management central transmission, monitoring
Administrative center receive the monitoring data from each monitoring point simultaneously be automatically saved in corresponding database, monitoring management center by
Communication system, information system and Database Systems composition, each application system data are highly integrated, resource-sharing.System is main
Working principle is by the way that at water intaking scene, the equipment such as water level sensor, water temperature sensor, flowmeter, intake switch are according to respectively
Interface be linked into the corresponding position of monitor terminal, monitor terminal is carried out according to signal of the setting to each sensor and equipment
Acquisition, if it is analog electrical signal (such as 4~20mA signal) if handled by corresponding front-end circuit, be converted to stable
Voltage signal is sent into A/D converter, converts it in digital signal feeding master controller and is handled；If equipment is sent into
Be the digital signal flowmeter of access (such as CAN bus), then processor receives bus data by the data port of itself, and
It is handled.After processor handles signal, data are stored according to fixed format into SD card.Local user can pass through
The operation interface inquiry that terminal provides is current and historical data, queries the balance, configuration parameter etc..The communication of terminal and administrative center
Mode is related with the mode of both ends access net, if management centre computer has public network fixing port, administrative center can be counted
The m of calculation machine is configured in terminal, and terminal is regularly sent in the data packet to management centre computer comprising self ID, to establish
Connection, if management centre computer is to access to net by GPRS Modem, management centre computer is accessing every time
When net all may change, this just need administrative center every time again access net when will by way of short message by itself IP notify to
Each monitor terminal, to establish connection.After monitor terminal and management centre computer set up connection, administrative center can be with
The director datas packets such as Hydrological Data Acquisition, instantaneous flow acquisition, inquiry into balance, water intaking control, prison are issued to each monitor terminal
Control terminal makes corresponding operation after receiving director data packet, and returns to corresponding data packet to monitor terminal computer.In monitoring
Heart computer is screened, is classified, is counted, analyzed and is stored in database after receiving the data of upload.User can be at any time
Inquire hydrographic information, water withdrawal information, instantaneous water draw rate information, the balance information etc. of each dry point.User can also lead to
Monitoring computer software is crossed to carry out water intaking control to each dry point and supplement operation with money.The main contents include following components:
1, data receiver
Data, which transmit work, has important influence to the realization of system function, and current Automatic Telemetric and Precast System is generallyd use from report
Formula, inquiry response formula, from report/three kinds of response Campatible working method.The work to be completed of data receiver subsystem is will to monitor
Data are synchronized in system according to user's operation, are prepared for next step data application.It is main to determine sensor selection, sensor
It is the main component of information collection, even more for the key link of groundwater monitoring, traditional basis sensing is relied in this method
Device constructs intelligentized sensing system, and common sensor is as follows:
(1) water level sensor water level is an important parameter in water resource monitoring, grasps the dynamic law of water level, can be with
It is better understood by the variation characteristic of underground water, common are pressure type water level sensor
Level measuring formula is h=P/ γ
Wherein: h is the depth of water of measuring point, and P is the hydrostatic pressure of measuring point, and γ is water body bulk density.
(2) the current common water temperature sensor of water temperature sensor is integrated temperature sensor, traditional thermocouple monitoring spirit
Sensitivity is lower, is no longer satisfied Vehicles Collected from Market for the measurement needs of accurate temperature.
(3) water quality sensor water quality information generally comprises pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity etc., with the hair of computer technology
Exhibition and application, water quality automatic acquisition technology are developed rapidly, and can directly be counted by different sensors respectively
According to acquisition, such as pH value sensor etc..
(4) the estimation water variation that water sensor can be rough by water level, in the high occasion of some required precisions, one
As commonly use the available more accurate water value of sensor of water meter.
2, data application
By wireless-transmission network, the acquisition to data such as water, water levels is realized, and collection result is stored to data
Library, this method innovation solves the problems, such as that the data that acquisition comes are multi-source heterogeneous into central server transmission, main to be believed by data
The different types of information of fusion treatment is ceased, solves the complexity of data transmission.Data fusion refers to Applied Computer Techniques
The data monitored by each sensor are automatically analyzed under professional standard, Optimum Synthesis is come the decision that is needed
Data handling procedure.This method will be merged using complementary data and redundant data fusion two ways is online to study water environment
The data fusion of monitoring system.
Redundancy fusion.In this place, redundancy is that a kind of sensor has carried out much a kind of monitoring object
The monitoring information obtained after secondary monitoring.Such as a certain place water environment temperature monitoring, exactly monitor many times
One group of temperature data of the unification of temperature data composition, here it is the redundancies of the temperature of so-called water quality.Melted using information
The imperfect of information can be lower significantly and improve its accuracy by closing, and increase monitoring information safety reliability.This method design
Adaptive weighted algorithm, obtained data information is weighted and averaged, last conclusion is exactly fusion value.The algorithm with
Mean square error is because calculating, the accuracy of Lai Tisheng data, and will compressed transmission data amount and obtain more reasonable
Overall merit.
The studied system of this method carries out water using the three classes data monitored as the information source of Fusion
The Fusion complementary information of environmental monitoring system merges.It, can not be only sharp in view of the test to water environment situation
Single data assessment, this needs the integrated treatment of many information to be evaluated.Complementary information refers to many types not
Together, function is different and has no associated sensor from each other, among different time point and different space
The mutual independent multipacket message about water environment detected.In method design, building for special BP neural network is utilized
The vertical fusion successfully completed between complementary information can be complicated and changeable in reality by theoretical study and the reasoning of time
Water Environment System variation be whole network system it will be appreciated that information, and BP model have very strong self-organizing, study
And the function of adapting to is repaired, always complete more difficult Mapping Design.Thus the related water ring arrived to field monitoring is utilized
Border quality information data, for example, temperature, PH to etc., by its Combined design, thus by the accuracy of monitoring information data and right
It is lifted significantly in the safety of data transmission, is conducive to our comprehensive researchs to entire Water Environment System water quality.
Using adaptive blending algorithm by monitoring water environment to information complete the fusion of redundancy.It is adaptive weighted
Algorithm refers to the information for carrying out different sensors transmission, finds its corresponding weight using its speciality, is obtained using addition
Final conclusion.Algorithm model is indicated as lower Fig. 2 among these.
X1,X2...XnIt is the transmission information of specified multiple sensors,
T1,T2...TnIt is to refer to opposite weighting weight,It is to refer to last conclusion.
These three information should have relationship shown below:
Here weighting system, is acquired by following formula:
Wherein, vector T=[T1,T2,...,Tn]T, e=[1,1 ... 1]T, matrix A is the error covariance matrix for transmitting information
Mark,The error covariance matrix of corresponding optimal information fusion estimation is
And there is relationshipEstimate for L to n dimension random vector z are unbiased
Meter, note evaluated error areAndWithCorrelation, error variance and cross covariance battle array are respectivelyWith
Algorithm will do convergence index using mean square error, using least mean-square error value is solved, to obtain it accordingly
Optimal estimation conclusion.The representation of overall mean square error is following formula:
Wherein X1,X2...XnIt is the transmission information of specified multiple sensors, it can thus be appreciated that E [(X-Xi)(X-Xj)]=0,
And i ≠ j, i, j=1,2...n.Institute's above formula is reduced to
Can be obtained using above formula: overall mean square error is multiple quadratic function relevant to weighted factor.So according to about
Beam condition obtains following formula:
Thus, it is possible to obtain final least mean-square error
It finally just can be derived that final conclusionThe data information obtained after being merged using information, more fully instead
The essential information that water environment should be gone out is conducive to further processing processing.
3, monitoring and warning
Monitoring and warning system model as shown in figure 3, to it is different survey areas monitoring data different monitoring and warning threshold values is set,
It is more than to allow threshold value to be highlighted alert locations on the diagram in conjunction with GIS technology, and issue alarm sound when surveying area's monitoring data, mouse
Mark moves to the high bright spot, can check the excessive value of monitoring and warning, and obtain relevant information.Warning information prompt will be with underground water
The starting of information early warning subsystem starts simultaneously.By emphasis hydrographic information newest in called data library, with roll titles
Form carries out warning information circulation display.To realize the automatic early-warning function to factors such as water resources quantity, hopper zone factor changes
Energy.In addition, warning information will also with the update of the hydrographic information data in database synchronized update, further reach in real time,
Accurate early warning purpose.
4, data transmit storage management
Groundwater information management system is a professional very strong system, has some critical demands, mainly includes
Groundwater parameter and Resources calculation, assembly type secondary development establish Predicting Models for Groundwater Dynamic and isopleth automatically generates.
User needs to obtain legal authorization by stringent certification using this system, and this system is that water administration authorities is reserved special
The interface of door.For the safety of safeguards system, system user must can use system by authentication.Authorized user steps on
It can only see the information in the function and extent of competence oneself being able to use after recording system, carry out meeting permission as defined in system
The interior various functions of range operate.In groundwater information management, there are two big datas to need to calculate, i.e. 1. parameter and 2. resource
Amount.
1. parameter calculating, which refers to, calculates the hydrogeological parameters such as specific yield.System will provide the meter of various hydrogeological parameters
Calculation method realizes that user need to only input numerical value required for parameter calculates and can calculate corresponding parameter and can be by calculating
As a result the function being saved in database.
2. Resources calculation will be realized using the formula for calculating every stock number when second evaluation, corresponding parameter is inputted just
Corresponding stock number can be calculated.
Water environment resource monitoring combines data acquisition, data transmission and long-range monitoring together, and it is accurate to can satisfy
Underground water hydrographic information is obtained in time, and water intaking control, charging control, the requirement such as water withdrawal monitoring, this is to groundwater monitoring work
Work has very important meaning.Using good with accuracy height, high reliablity, stability, and have at certain data
Reason ability, and can self-test, self-correcting, self-compensating intelligence sensor, transmit and monitor water environment information include water level, water temperature,
The parameters such as water quality, and in real time by movement, connection, GSM the or 3G data traffic transmission of telecommunications into central monitoring processing
The heart, on the one hand, provide the basic data of protection scheme for control and reasonable development water environment resource, on the other hand, and examine
Whether water resources development and utilization is reasonable, and whether aquatic environment safeguard measure is proper, by the analysis of long term monitoring data, finds out out
The problem of hair utilizes proposes improvement direction and further protection measure.
The purpose of this method is, designs the Unified Communication agreement and number suitable for the multi-source heterogeneous data transmission of water environment
The unified format specification converted according to format；Efficiency of transmission and reliability are followed by improved, and emulation and actual analysis can be passed through
The bit error rate and data compression ratio of data transfer layer；It is finally the human-computer interaction interface for realizing water environment data transmission middleware.
The experience in terms of the transmission of domestic and international data and communication middleware is used for reference, to solve water environment on-site data gathering to central server
Multi-source heterogeneous problem in transmission will construct the pervasive transmission of water environment data and monitoring system.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this
The people of technology can do various changes and modification, therefore protection of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Range should subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water environment data transmission system based on Internet of Things, which is characterized in that the water environment data transmission system packet
It includes:
For acquiring the acquisition module of water environment data；
For the collected water environment data of the acquisition module to be carried out to the protocol analysis conversion module of protocol analysis and conversion；
The data processing module that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are handled；
The data transmission management module that data for obtaining the data processing module are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer module of the data transmission module transmission data.
2. water environment data transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing module includes:
The data compressing module that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are compressed；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the data error of Error Control
Control module；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module are converted to the data lattice of unified format
Formula unified modules；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis conversion module carry out the fault-tolerant Heterogeneous data of isomery
Fault-tolerant module.
3. water environment data transmission system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fault-tolerant module of Heterogeneous data passes through
BP neural network completes the fusion between complementary information.
4. water environment data transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data transmission management module packet
It includes:
The groundwater parameter that data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out groundwater parameter calculating calculates
Module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the Resources calculation module of Resources calculation；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module carries out the assembly type secondary development mould of component secondary development
Block；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module establishes the groundwater dynamic of Groundwater regime forecasting module
Prediction model establishes module；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing module automatically generates the isopleth automatically-generating module of isopleth.
5. water environment data transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition module includes temperature sensing
Device, humidity sensor, water level sensor, water sensor, pH value sensor and Beidou positioning device.
6. a kind of water environment data transmission method based on Internet of Things, which is characterized in that the water environment data transmission method packet
It includes:
For acquiring the acquisition step of water environment data；
For the collected water environment data of the acquisition step to be carried out to the protocol analysis switch process of protocol analysis and conversion；
The data processing step that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are handled；
The data transfer management step that data for obtaining the data processing step are transmitted and managed；
For receiving the database and application layer step of the data transmission step transmission data.
7. water environment data transmission method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the data processing step includes:
The data compressing step that the data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are compressed；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the data error of Error Control
Rate-determining steps；
The data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process are converted to the data lattice of unified format
Formula unifies step；
Data after parsing and conversion for obtaining the protocol analysis switch process carry out the fault-tolerant Heterogeneous data of isomery
Fault-tolerant step.
8. water environment data transmission method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fault-tolerant step of Heterogeneous data passes through
BP neural network completes the fusion between complementary information.
9. water environment data transmission method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the data transfer management step packet
It includes:
The groundwater parameter that data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out groundwater parameter calculating calculates
Step；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the Resources calculation step of Resources calculation；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step carries out the assembly type secondary development step of component secondary development
Suddenly；
Data information for being obtained according to the data processing step establishes the groundwater dynamic of Groundwater regime forecasting step
Prediction model establishment step；
The isopleth that data information for being obtained according to the data processing step automatically generates isopleth automatically generates step.
10. water environment data transmission method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the acquisition number in the acquisition step
The water level of the humidity data, water level sensor acquisition that are acquired according to the temperature data, the humidity sensor that include temperature sensor acquisition
The position of data, the water data of water sensor acquisition, the pH value data of pH value sensor acquisition and the acquisition of Beidou positioning device
Set data.
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