CN109400108A - 一种轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,依次包括如下步骤:S1.将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比30~55∶40~55∶5∶0~10称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;S2.将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨;S3.将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒;S4.将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。本发明的优点在于解决了粉煤灰陶粒筒压强度低、质量不稳定、吸水率高等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料制备领域,特别涉及一种轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法。
背景技术
粉煤灰陶粒的最大特点是外表坚硬,而内部有许许多多的微孔,这些微孔赋予陶粒质轻的特性。用它配制出来的陶粒混凝土相比普通混凝土具有以下优点:1、密度小、质轻;2、保温、隔热;3、耐火性好;4、抗震性能好;5、抗冻性能和耐久性能好;6、造价低。近几年国家大力发展绿色建筑材料,倡导节能建筑。开发应用品质优良、节能环保、功能良好的新型建筑材料,才能适应时代的发展。粉煤灰陶粒混凝土能满足墙体自保温***,可以省去做墙体保温层,因此粉煤灰陶粒的生产和应用必将获得较快的发展。
传统粉煤灰陶粒的生产方法以粉煤灰、粘土为原料,采用成球盘成球,经过回转窑高温煅烧进行生产。传统方法生产的粉煤灰陶粒筒压强度偏低、质量很不稳定且吸水率较高,市面上陶粒性能600kg/m3对应筒压强度4Mpa;700kg/m3对应筒压强度5Mpa;800kg/m3对应筒压强度6Mpa。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供了轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的配方及其制备方法。制备出稳定的粉煤灰陶粒,600kg/m3粉煤灰陶粒对应筒压强度5.6~5.8Mpa;700kg/m3粉煤灰陶粒对应筒压强度6.6~6.9Mpa;800kg/m3粉煤灰陶粒对应筒压强度7.9~8.2Mpa,产品性能远优于市面上陶粒的性能。解决了粉煤灰陶粒筒压强度低、质量不稳定、吸水率高等问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本申请实施例公开了一种轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,依次包括如下步骤:
S1 将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比30~55∶40~55∶5∶0~10称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;
S2 将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨;
S3 将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒;
S4 将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S1中,粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠质量比为36~50∶42~52∶5∶2~8。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S2中,物料球磨至平均粒度小于150微米。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S3中,控制生料球的含水率为16~20%,直径为4~16mm。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S4中,煅烧温度为1200~1350℃。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S4中,经历全窑时间为50~60min,窑的转速为1.2~2.4转/min。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S1中,粉煤灰与膨润土中SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3的质量百分比之和为65%~85%。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S1中,玻璃粉是废旧玻璃制品进破碎、粉磨后,过100目筛所得。
优选的,在上述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法中,所述步骤S1中,稻糠粉是稻谷制米过程中去除净米后的部分经过粉磨加工,过100目所得。
本发明的优点在于:
1、有效的利用了粉煤灰、玻璃渣、稻糠等工农业废弃物,粉煤灰中SiO2可以减少膨润土的分散度,使膨胀性能降低;Fe2O3有助于降低膨润土颗粒的溶化温度,并参加汽化过程,使其更好地膨胀;Al2O3含量过高会使烧成温度增高,从而增加成本不利于生产;玻璃粉在陶粒烧结中具有强烈的助熔作用;稻糠粉在陶粒烧结中具有强烈的发气作用。
2、本发明以玻璃粉为助熔剂,稻糠粉为发气剂,配合成陶成分粉煤灰和膨润土,进行合理配比,生产出的粉煤灰陶粒产品性能远优于市面上陶粒的性能,解决了粉煤灰陶粒筒压强度低、质量不稳定、吸水率高等问题,具有显著的经济效益。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例阐述轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法。
在如下实施例中,粉煤灰与膨润土中SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3的质量百分比之和为65%~85%。玻璃粉是废旧玻璃制品进破碎、粉磨后,过100目筛所得。稻糠粉是稻谷制米过程中去除净米后的部分经过粉磨加工,过100目所得。
实施例1:
S1 将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比38∶50∶5∶7称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;
S2 将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨,物料球磨至平均粒度小于150微米;
S3 将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒,控制生料球的含水率为18%,直径为4~16mm;
S4 将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,煅烧温度为1300℃,经历全窑时间为58min,窑的转速为1.9转/min,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。
参照GB/T 17431.2-2010进行检测,陶粒的堆积密度为600kg/m3、筒压强度5.6~5.8Mpa、1小时吸水率6.2%。
实施例2
S1 将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比43∶47∶5∶5称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;
S2 将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨,物料球磨至平均粒度小于150微米;
S3 将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒,控制生料球的含水率为17%,直径为4~16mm;
S4 将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,煅烧温度为1280℃,经历全窑时间为56min,窑的转速为1.8转/min,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。
参照GB/T 17431.2-2010进行检测,陶粒的堆积密度为700kg/m3、筒压强度6.6~6.9Mpa、1小时吸水率5.8%。
实施例3
S1 将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比48∶44∶5∶3称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;
S2 将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨,物料球磨至平均粒度小于150微米;
S3 将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒,控制生料球的含水率为16%,直径为4~16mm;
S4 将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,煅烧温度为1260℃,经历全窑时间为54min,窑的转速为1.7转/min,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。
参照GB/T 17431.2-2010进行检测,陶粒的堆积密度为800kg/m3、筒压强度7.9~8.2Mpa、1小时吸水率5.5%。
可以看出利用本发明生产的600kg/m3、700kg/m3、800kg/m3产品性能远优于市面上陶粒的性能。
本实施方式只是对本专利的示例性说明而并不限定它的保护范围,本领域人员还可以对其进行局部改变,只要没有超出本专利的精神实质,都视为对本专利的等同替换,都在本专利的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,依次包括如下步骤:
S1 将粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠按质量比30~55∶40~55∶5∶0~10称取后投入强制搅拌混料机混合均匀;
S2 将步骤S1所得物料进行球磨;
S3 将步骤S2所得物料输送至圆盘喷雾造粒机进行造粒;
S4 将步骤S3所得生料球投入回转窑中进行煅烧,得到轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,粉煤灰、膨润土、玻璃粉、稻糠质量比为36~50∶42~52∶5∶2~8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,物料球磨至平均粒度小于150微米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,控制生料球的含水率为16~20%,直径为4~16mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中,煅烧温度为1200~1350℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中,经历全窑时间为50~60min,窑的转速为1.2~2.4转/min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,粉煤灰与膨润土中SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3的质量百分比之和为65%~85%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,玻璃粉是废旧玻璃制品进破碎、粉磨后,过100目筛所得。
9.根据权利要求1所述的轻质高强粉煤灰陶粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,稻糠粉是稻谷制米过程中去除净米后的部分经过粉磨加工,过100目所得。
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