CN1093784C - Vitreous hot spraying film forming method and material manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vitreous film forming method by hot spraying, which comprises the following steps: after the spray sand is carried out to the surface of a base body, the exposed surface is coated with dichan, and vitreous hot spraying powder materials are sprayed on the surface after being melted. A smooth and light vitreous protective film is formed after cooling and solidification. The base body is selected from corrosive metal, wood, plastic, paper products, cement products, etc. The present invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the materials used in the method.

Description

Vitreous hot spraying film forming method

The advantage of this invention:

As the outer wall of building, improve water proofing property, weatherability, light resistance, corrosion resistance etc.

, insulation antirust, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, heat-resisting etc. as the metal surface.

This is a kind of brand-new easy surfacecti proteon processing method.The method of this invention is applicable to that all can be fit to the material that thermal spraying is adhered to.The method of this invention specifies as follows:

All can be fit to material that thermal spraying adheres to or in addition surface modification, handle the back and be fit to the material that thermal spraying adheres to and all can the method carry out overlay film.

About thermal spraying material, every material that can form nature of glass rete after handling with hot-spraying technique all can the method carry out overlay film, for example nature of glass powder and frit, glaze and glaze raw material, transparent or semitransparent pottery and raw material thereof.

In addition, in above-mentioned glass material, infiltrate suitable metal oxide or pigment desirable color, add the adherence that the proper metal oxide also can improve rete.

In order to improve the metal that easily is corroded as iron etc. and coated adhesion.Can take following means; earlier with the metal surface after new face is exposed in blasting treatment; be sprayed at the surface with nickelous sulfate or cobalt sulfate solution and carry out oxidation processes, coated article is given 100～300 ℃ of heating again after, carry out vitreous hot spraying and form nature of glass protective film.The metal surface is after new face is exposed in blasting treatment, if can not descend the step operation at once, available well-known dichan two cyclohexyl ammonium oxides spraying object surface, and can keep a few days non-corrosive, it is very much convenient can proceeding down the step operation after the anti-heating of constructing makes it for 100～300 ℃ to volatilize.

Thermal spraying apparatus can use well-known HVOF method, arc spraying, plasma spraying method etc. to construct.Thicknesses of layers can be according to instructions for use, in 0.05～5mm scope.The composition of thermal spraying material and manufacture method:

Under low preheat mode, can carry out thermal spraying, and obscission does not take place as preceding topic in rete and coil serving.

The formation of thermal spraying material is formed with three parts, and its composition of simple declaration is in the effect of full material.The first, main component SiO ₂, be advisable with 40～65%.SiO ₂Be to form vitreous main oxides, content is high for well, still thermal coefficient of expansion, softening point and abrasion performance is had great influence.Consider thermal expansion relation and for the preheat temperature that reduces coil serving, be advisable SiO with 40～65% ₂The high performance that can improve abrasion performance, weatherability, raising nature of glass protective film of ratio.But surpass more than 65%, the mobile obviously reduction during fusion, thereby increase spraying difficulty, SiO ₂Content be lower than at 40% o'clock, the weatherability of nature of glass protective film obviously descends again.The second, subsidy composition B ₂O ₃, 5～30%; Li ₂O, 5～20%; SrO, 5～20%.

B ₂O ₂Add too much, can reduce abrasion performance, weatherability, acid resistance.But can reduce the fusion time of staying in the flame (promptly accelerating fusion speed).

Li ₂The hardness, corrosion resistance that the interpolation of O can improve overlay film is acid resistance, insulating properties particularly.Li ₂The coefficient of expansion of O is bigger, so the thermal expansion relation that its addition can suitably be regulated between thermal spraying material and coil serving is poor, also can reduce softening temperature.So suitably increasing its content under the permission of thermal expansion relation can accelerate the burn-off rate in flame again and increase lustrous surface.

SrO can play effect, the viscosity when reducing fusion of fusion auxiliary agent and improve melting degree, and the thermal coefficient of expansion of SrO is smaller, can suitably mix when carrying out Construction of Thermal Spraying on cement products more.SrO mixes the adhesion that can improve between rete and coil serving.

At B ₂O ₃, Li ₂O under the synergy between SrO, can make thermal spraying material reduce fusing point and reduction viscosity when thermal spraying.Three, add auxiliary agent CaO, Al ₂O ₃, MgO, Na ₂O, K ₂O, ZnO, ZrO ₂, SnO ₂, TiO ₂, BaO, V ₂O ₅, MoO, WO ₃, P ₂O ₅, CeO ₂Deng in a kind of or more than two kinds, mix with 1～25% ratio.

CaO mixes as flux, and can improve chemical durability, improves hardness, and the wear-resisting weathering corrosion that undermines reduces thermal coefficient of expansion, prevents be full of cracks, reduces viscosity during thermal spraying.

Al ₂O ₃Prevent phase separation, improve film performance, but component too much can make refractoriness raise, the difficulty when increasing spraying.

Na ₂O, K ₂O suitably adds, and can reduce fusing point, generally about 0.01～1%, resistance to water, corrosion resistance is descended.

SnO ₂, can play the effect of fusion auxiliary agent, the viscosity when reducing fusion and improve melting degree.

ZnO, suitable interpolation can be played the effect of fusion auxiliary agent and increase lustrous surface.Regulate form and aspect and milkiness, so but can increase viscosity greatly will note addition.If when ZnO and SrO coexistence, the flowability when then increasing fusion, reduce pore, raising film surface smoothness.ZnO can also prevent or reduce the degree of shrinkage of rete after the thermal spraying.

MgO, ZnO, prevent phase separation, improve film performance, viscosity increases, the flowability when influencing thermal spraying but component too much can make.

TiO ₂, ZrO ₂, BaO a small amount of interpolation can reduce refractoriness, improve acid resistance.

V ₂O ₅, MoO, P ₂O ₅, CeO ₂A small amount of interpolation can reduce refractoriness, then can reduce the thermal spraying temperature.

WO ₃A small amount of interpolation can reduce refractoriness, improve the rete degree, but add too much, can when fusion, seethe with excitement.

If under the situation that does not influence effect of the present invention, add micro-well-known oxide Bi ₂O ₃, Tl ₂O, Y ₂O ₃, CdO, PbO etc. also will satisfy specific (special) requirements.

Table 1, for satisfy various requirements such as color, hardness, density, smoothness, melt temperature, environment for use, by compound material or the like, the flow velocity, spray distance etc. of suitably adjusting the conditional parameter of the kind of micro-additive and mixed proportion, spraying equipment such as voltage, electric current, gas can achieve the goal.

Table 1, thermal spraying series material cooperate table

Composition/sequence number	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
											SiO 2B 2O 3Li 2O	35 25 23	40 18 16	40 18 16	40 25 10	40 26 7	40 25 14	40 25 8	40 27	41 25 7	45 18 16
SrO Al 2O 3CaO	10 2 3	4 2 3	4 2 3	7 2 4	9 1 3	6 2 4	8 2 4	4 2 2	8 2 4	4 3 4
											Na 2O K 2O TiO 2				2	1	1	1	15 2	1	2
MgO ZnO ZrO 2		1 2 12	1 2 12	3 2	4 3	2 2	3 3	1 2	3 2 2	2 2 2
											SnO 2BaO V 2O 5	2	2	2	2 3	3 3	2 2	3 3	1 2	2 3	2
MoO WO 3P 2O 5
											CeO 2Cr 2O 3CoO Fe 2O 3	0.5		2							0.5 0.2
Color	Blue	In vain	Palm fibre	Light green	Light green	In vain	In vain	In vain	In vain	Bluish-green
											The coefficient of volume expansion	476	382	382	362	320	342	300	312	300	383
Linear expansion coefficient	159	127	127	110	102	112	96	102	98	128
											Adapt to base material	SUS	SS	Concrete product	SUS	SUS	Slate	Gypsum	Concrete product	Concrete product	Slate

Remarks: coefficient of expansion 3a * 10 ^-2, each constituent content by weight percentage.

Table 1 (continuing)

Composition/sequence number	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
											SiO 2B 2O 3Li 2O	45 19 17	45 20 12	45 24 8	50 16 15	50 15 10	50 15 10	50 15 10	50 15 10	55 18 11	60 16 10
SrO Al 2O 3CaO	4 3 3	8 2 4	10 2 4	6 3 3	10 2 2	10 2 3	10 3	10 3	8	5 3
											Na 2O K 2O TiO 2	2	1	1		3 2	2 2	2 1 1	1 3	1 1	2
MgO ZnO ZrO 2	1 2 1	2 2	1 2	2 2	3		2 3	1 2	1 1	2 1 1
											SnO 2BaO V 2O 5	1 2	2 2	3	1 2	1	2	1	3 2	2 2
MoO WO 3P 2O 5					2	2 2
											CeO 2Cr 2O 3CoO Fe 2O 3				0.5			2
Color	Transparent	In vain	In vain	Blue	In vain	In vain	Pale yellow	In vain	In vain	In vain
											The coefficient of volume expansion	400	326	300	373	300	300	300	308	314	332
Linear expansion coefficient	133	112	96	124	100	98	98	108	116	114
											Adapt to base material	SS	SS	SS

Remarks: coefficient of expansion 3a * 10 ^-2, each constituent content by weight percentage.The manufacture method of material

After will mixing equably according to the material that actual service conditions prepares, drop in the melting furnace, be warming up to 1200～1500 ℃ after cooling, again it is pulverized by pulverizer, granularity is carried out sorting with 10～80 micrometer ranges.If SiO ₂Many the time, suitably make particle thin Deng the composition of infusibility relatively.Otherwise then thick, the film forming speed in the time of can improving the flowability of feed and thermal spraying.Material cast bar-shapedly carry out thermal spraying with the fuse method and also be fine.

Must note about noncrystalline (americium) problem, cooling rapidly, will produce problems such as hardness reduction,, make in the material overlay film that produces after the part nuclei of crystallization, the thermal spraying will form the milkiness look so 100 ℃/hour speed is slowly cooled off between 450～700 ℃.

The present invention grasps its rule substantially through a large amount of experiments, as long as suitable some conditions wherein, as the proportioning of spray distance, gas flow rate, electric current, voltage, material etc., just can produce required product under the various purpose condition of a lot of adaptations.Required moisture last item on the paper industry for example, but must satisfy condition such as corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, heat-resisting, insulation the time, that concrete product surface needs is level and smooth, colored attractive in appearance, windproof, change corrosion resistant the time or the like.

Process chart of the present invention as shown in drawings.Thermal spraying apparatus and conditional parameter

Thermal spraying apparatus can use well-known HVOF method, arc spraying, plasma spraying method, supersonic speed plasma spraying method etc. to carry out spraying application.

Example when plasma spraying method is used in this simple introduction:

Plasma thermal sprayed machine: PLAZJET (TM)-2-200 (Plazjet

LTD.Fukuoka.Japan)

Plasma gas: nitrogen 300 liters/minute

Hydrogen 120 liters/minute

Plasma current: 450A.Voltage: 390V.

Thermal spraying distance: 200～300mm (distance of nozzle and object)

On SUS matter iron pressure roller, spray overlay film 2.5mm with No. 4 prescriptions in the table 1, the surface is installed on the preface of copying under the paper bowl of paper industry and uses as smooth roller and compare with original plating roller after grinding, life-span improves ten times, and because of having the character of glass, overlay film pore-free density such as minute surface, so have advantages such as water proofing property, weatherability, light resistance, corrosion resistance, wear-resistant, heat-resisting, insulation, product quality improved greatly.Can make it have the property of water-bearing again if adjust relevant spraying conditional parameter,, then can adjust desirable color if in sprayed on material, add suitable pigment.The pigment ratio that adds is as Fe ₂O ₃, MnO ₂, NiO, CuO, CoO, Cr ₂O ₃, SnO ₂, TiO ₂, MoO, V ₂O ₅, NbO, Nd ₂O ₃, WO ₃, ZrSiO ₄, Pr ₂O ₃Or the like.

The invention of vitreous hot spraying film forming method is the once great revolution of composite in a word, will directly reach indirectly and bring huge interests to every profession and trade.

Claims (4)

1. the method for a vitreous hot spraying film forming, may further comprise the steps: matrix surface is after blasting treatment, exposing on the face through dichan coating processing, and will be sprayed on this surface after the fusion of vitreous hot spraying dusty material, behind cooling curing and form the nature of glass protecting film of level and smooth light, wherein said matrix is selected from corrosion metals, timber, plastics, paper products, cement products, and said vitreous hot spraying dusty material has following composition: SiO by weight ₂40-65%, B ₂O ₃5-30%, Li ₂O 5-20%, at least a following component of SrO 5-20% and 1-25%: CaO, Al ₂O ₃, MgO, Na ₂O, K ₂O, ZnO, ZrO ₂, SnO ₂, TiO ₂, BaO, V ₂O ₅, MoO, WO ₃, P ₂O ₅And CeO ₂

2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described dichan is the dicyclohexyl ammonium oxide.

3. according between 450-700 ℃, slowly cooling off in the cooling curing process that the process of claim 1 wherein after spraying with 100 ℃/hour speed.

4. according to the method for claim 1, wherein said vitreous hot spraying powder prepares by following technology: after will evenly mixing according to the raw material that material composition condition prepares, throw in the melting furnace, be warming up to 1200-1500 ℃ after cooling, again it is crushed to the granularity of 10-80 micron afterwards.

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