CN109355448B - Smelting process for large blast furnace with high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets - Google Patents
Smelting process for large blast furnace with high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355448B CN109355448B CN201811346185.6A CN201811346185A CN109355448B CN 109355448 B CN109355448 B CN 109355448B CN 201811346185 A CN201811346185 A CN 201811346185A CN 109355448 B CN109355448 B CN 109355448B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting process for adding high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets into a large blast furnace, which comprises the following steps: independently loading sintered ore, low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets, coke and silica into a receiving tank, controlling the ratio of the four materials by controlling the process parameters of a vibrating screen and a batching facility on the receiving tank, discharging each material into a feeding belt according to a set ratio, and then conveying the materials into a receiving ore tank at the top of the furnace; loading each batch of materials into a blast furnace through a furnace top distributor according to a distribution matrix, and blowing hot air into the blast furnace from an air port according to an air supply system; and defines the proportion of the materials. The invention obtains the result of blast furnace smelting by adding 37 percent of low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets into a large blast furnace, and ensures the stable and smooth blast furnace condition through the adjustment of an accurate and efficient operation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a smelting process for adding high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets into a large blast furnace.
Background
China promises to reduce emission of CO2 by 40-45% in 2020 compared with 2005 in the world. The blast furnace burden structure of China is mainly a large proportion of sintering ores, the existing iron ore powder sintering production process mostly uses a belt type sintering machine, the sintering system is produced in an air draft cooling mode of being directly exposed in the environment, and the problems of air leakage, large waste gas amount, much dust, more pollutants, high treatment difficulty, high cost and the like of the sintering system become environmental management problems. At present, about 10 hundred million tons of sinter are produced annually, 3000-5000 m3 flue gas is discharged from each ton of sinter, harmful sintering flue gas containing carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, dioxin and the like is discharged to the atmosphere one year and reaches 30000-50000 hundred million m3, however, desulfurization equipment is uneven, the operation cost is high, and harmful gas such as nitrogen oxide, dioxin and the like is not provided with an effective purification and popularization method, so that the extreme pollution to the environment is caused, and the great threat is caused to the health of people in China. And the smoke emission per ton of ore in the preparation process of the fluxed pellets is 2000-3000 m3, the process energy consumption is reduced by 20-30 kgce/t, the smoke amount is small, the treatment difficulty is low, the process energy consumption is reduced, and the CO2 emission is reduced. In western countries such as europe and the united states, in order to reduce environmental pollution in the sintering production process, sintering machines are gradually reduced or shut down, and pellet smelting is mainly used. Therefore, from the large centers of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, the blast furnace smelting mode mainly based on sintered ore is changed, and the blast furnace smelting mode mainly based on environment-friendly pellet production is gradually changed.
The iron ore powder resource in China is mainly iron ore concentrate with multiple lean ores, and the granularity is fine and is suitable for pelletizing. The energy consumption of the pelletizing production process is 20-30 kg of standard coal/t lower than that of the sintering process, the energy consumption is about 50% of that of the sintering process, the pollutant emission of the pelletizing process is only 50% of that of the sintering process, and the method is a clean and low-consumption production mode compared with sinter production.
The production process of the fluxed pellets roasts iron ore powder on a sealed circulating device through a grate rotary kiln or a belt type roasting machine, and can greatly reduce environmental pollution and process consumption. At present, a large-proportion sintered ore is used in domestic blast furnaces, the average proportion of pellets is about 15 percent, Tai-Gao, first-grade Jing Tang and the like are not more than 30 percent, and the proportion of extremely small blast furnace pellets in domestic blast furnaces reaches about 45 percent. The blast furnace smelting process of pellet which can use less sinter and use a large proportion is researched and developed, the slag ratio can be reduced, the fuel consumption is reduced, the emission of CO2 is reduced during smelting in the blast furnace, and the blast furnace smelting process is an energy-saving and environment-friendly blast furnace smelting mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting process for adding high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing flux pellets into a large blast furnace, and determines an operation system suitable for smelting high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing flux pellets in a 2000m2 blast furnace.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a smelting process for adding high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets into a large blast furnace comprises the following steps:
independently loading sintered ore, low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets, coke and silica into a receiving tank, controlling the ratio of the four materials by controlling the process parameters of a vibrating screen and a batching facility on the receiving tank, discharging each material into a feeding belt according to a set ratio, and then conveying the materials into a receiving ore tank at the top of the furnace; loading each batch of materials into a blast furnace through a furnace top distributor according to a distribution matrix, and blowing hot air into the blast furnace from an air port according to an air supply system;
wherein the burden distribution matrix of the blast furnace is shown in table 9.
TABLE 9 blast furnace matrix
Wherein the materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of sintered ore and low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets, 13.4-13.7 parts of coke and 0-0.6 part of silica; wherein the weight ratio of the sintered ore to the low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets is 69-63: 31-37;
wherein the control requirements of the air supply system of the hot air are as follows: the air quantity is 3950-4000m3/min, the blowing kinetic energy is 11000-12000, the pressure of the furnace top is 0.160-0.165 MPa, the permeability index is 2.40-2.50, the temperature of hot air is 1160 +/-5.0 ℃, the oxygen enrichment rate is 1.3-1.4%, the comprehensive load is 2.550-2.600, the gas index of the furnace belly is 56.5-57.5, the high temperature of the furnace top is 290-320 ℃, the low temperature of the furnace top is 210-220 ℃, and the theoretical combustion temperature is 2230-2250 ℃;
the heat system and the slagging system of the large-scale blast furnace are respectively as follows: the control requirements of the thermal system are as follows: the temperature of molten iron is not less than 1485 ℃, [ Si ]]The content is less than or equal to 0.750 percent and the content is S]The content is less than or equal to 0.045%; the control requirements of the slagging system are as follows: full alkalinity of 1.00 + -0.10, free alkalinity of 1.05 + -0.05, quaternary alkalinity of 0.95 + -0.05, Al2O3The content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent, and the MgO content is more than or equal to 9.8 percent.
Further, the quality control requirements of the low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets are as follows: TFe is more than or equal to 62.5 percent, FeO content is less than 0.5 percent, S content is less than 0.15 percent, MgO content is more than or equal to 2.0 percent, and SiO2The content is less than or equal to 3.0,the content of F is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, RO is more than or equal to 1.0, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 2300N/P, the drum strength is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the abrasion resistance index is less than or equal to 3 percent.
Further, the sintered mineral content control requires: TFe is more than or equal to 57.0 percent, FeO content is 8 to 9 percent, S content is less than 0.03 percent, MgO content is 1.7 to 1.9 percent, SiO2The content is 4.5-4.8%, the content of F is less than or equal to 0.15%, the content of RO is 1.9 +/-0.05, and the drum strength is more than or equal to 76%.
Further, the coke quality control requirements are: the ash content is less than or equal to 13.5 percent, the S content is less than or equal to 0.95 percent, the volatile matter is less than or equal to 1.5 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, the reactivity is less than or equal to 32.5 percent, and the strength after reaction is more than or equal to 61.5 percent.
Further, the silica control requires: SiO 22The content is more than or equal to 95.0 percent.
Further, the quality control requirements of the coal powder used in the blast furnace are as follows: ash content is less than or equal to 9.50%, volatile matter is less than or equal to 17.5%, C content is more than or equal to 69.0%, S content is less than or equal to 0.40%, and screening is more than or equal to 66.0%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the achievement of blast furnace smelting by adding 37 percent of low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets into a large blast furnace is obtained, and the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace is ensured through the adjustment of an accurate and efficient operation system.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
Using 2000m in each example3When smelting low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets in a blast furnace, the furnace charge structure, the material distribution system, the raw material components, the process parameters, the operation system and the smelting indexes are respectively shown in tables 1-8.
TABLE 1 blast furnace charge structure change of high proportion low silicon high magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellet
The proportion of the high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets to the charging material is adjusted as follows: "sinter: pellet 73: 27 ", the amount of silica was 0.6 t/lot. The proportion of the melting pellet ore is gradually increased to 37 percent step by step, the amount of the silica is reduced to 0 percent, and the proportion of the melting pellet ore in the furnace reaches' sinter: pellet ore 63: 37 ", the batch remained unchanged at 45.0 t.
TABLE 2 blast furnace burden distribution system adjustment for high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets
During the project implementation, the large mode of the charging system is not changed, only the ore finishing angle is finely adjusted, the center is slightly opened, and the central airflow is ensured.
TABLE 3 blast furnace addition of high proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellet sinter ore compositions and cold strength statistics
During the project implementation, the total iron content of the sintered ore reaches more than 57.4 percent, the rotary drum reaches more than 76.50 percent, and the free alkalinity is stabilized at 1.90 +/-0.05.
TABLE 4 blast furnace charge high ratio low silicon high magnesium fluorine-containing flux pellets pellet composition statistics
During the execution of the project, the basicity of the pellets was 1.13 on average and MgO was 2.14%.
TABLE 5 blast furnace coke performance statistics of high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing flux-containing pellets
| West region coke | Ash content% | Volatile fraction of% | Sulfur content% | Water% | Reactivity, according to | Strength of reactivity,% |
| 18-20 days | 13.25 | 1.45 | 0.91 | 7.50 | 32.40 | 61.67 |
| 23-26 days | 13.13 | 1.39 | 0.94 | 4.93 | 30.60 | 61.70 |
During the performance of the project, the coke CSR was 61.70%.
TABLE 6 statistics of high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellet coal powder added into blast furnace
| Old system coal dust | Ash content% | Sieving, according to | Water content% | Volatile fraction of% | C，％ | S，％ |
| 18-20 days | 8.70 | 66.45 | 3.69 | 17.21 | 70.40 | 0.35 |
| 23-26 days | 9.35 | 66.58 | 3.52 | 17.45 | 69.68 | 0.37 |
The fixed carbon was 69.68% during the project.
TABLE 7 blast furnace heating system with high proportion of low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing flux-containing pellets
| Date | Temperature of molten iron,. degree.C | [Si]，％ | Ktp | [S]，％ | [Ti]，％ |
| 18-20 days | 1489.9 | 0.711 | 1.162 | 0.045 | 0.043 |
| 23-26 days | 1491.5 | 0.726 | 1.197 | 0.040 | 0.046 |
During the project, the furnace temperature is sufficient, and the pig iron sulfur is slightly increased.
TABLE 8 blast furnace charging high proportion low silicon high magnesium fluorine-containing flux pelletizing slag-forming system
During the implementation of the project, the alkalinity of the slag is 1.087, and the MgO content of the slag is 9.89%.
When the proportion of the low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets used in the blast furnace is below 37 percent (full clinker, slag alkalinity balance point), the requirements of normal smelting of the blast furnace can be completely met, and the adjustment of various operating parameters and systems of the blast furnace is controllable. The blast furnace gas utilization rate of the project implementation is increased from 38.6 percent to more than 39.8 percent, and the amplification is more than 1.2 percent.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A smelting process for adding high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets into a large blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
independently loading sintered ore, low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets, coke and silica into a receiving tank, controlling the ratio of the four materials by controlling the process parameters of a vibrating screen and a batching facility on the receiving tank, discharging each material into a feeding belt according to a set ratio, and then conveying the materials into a receiving ore tank at the top of the furnace; loading each batch of materials into a blast furnace through a furnace top distributor according to a distribution matrix, and blowing hot air into the blast furnace from an air port according to an air supply system;
wherein the materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of sintered ore and low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets, 13.4-13.7 parts of coke and 0-0.6 part of silica; wherein the weight ratio of the sintered ore to the low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxing pellets is 69-63: 31-37;
wherein the control requirements of the air supply system of the hot air are as follows: the air quantity is 3950-4000m3/min, the blowing kinetic energy is 11000-12000, the pressure of the furnace top is 0.160-0.165 MPa, the permeability index is 2.40-2.50, the temperature of hot air is 1160 +/-5.0 ℃, the oxygen enrichment rate is 1.3-1.4%, the comprehensive load is 2.550-2.600, the gas index of the furnace belly is 56.5-57.5, the high temperature of the furnace top is 290-320 ℃, the low temperature of the furnace top is 210-220 ℃, and the theoretical combustion temperature is 2230-2250 ℃;
the heat system and the slagging system of the large-scale blast furnace are respectively as follows: the control requirements of the thermal system are as follows: the temperature of molten iron is more than or equal to 1485℃，[Si]The content is less than or equal to 0.750 percent and the content is S]The content is less than or equal to 0.045%; the control requirements of the slagging system are as follows: full alkalinity of 1.00 + -0.10, free alkalinity of 1.05 + -0.05, quaternary alkalinity of 0.95 + -0.05, Al2O3The content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent, and the MgO content is more than or equal to 9.8 percent;
wherein the quality control requirements of the low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets are as follows: TFe is more than or equal to 62.5 percent, FeO content is less than 0.5 percent, S content is less than 0.15 percent, MgO content is more than or equal to 2.0 percent, and SiO2The content is less than or equal to 3.0, the F content is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, RO is more than or equal to 1.0, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 2300N/P, the drum strength is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the abrasion resistance index is less than or equal to 3 percent.
2. The smelting process of large blast furnace dosed high proportion low silicon high magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sintered mineral quality control requires: TFe is more than or equal to 57.0 percent, FeO content is 8 to 9 percent, S content is less than 0.03 percent, MgO content is 1.7 to 1.9 percent, SiO2The content is 4.5-4.8%, the content of F is less than or equal to 0.15%, the content of RO is 1.9 +/-0.05, and the drum strength is more than or equal to 76%.
3. The smelting process of the large blast furnace with the high proportion of low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the coke quality control requirements are as follows: the ash content is less than or equal to 13.5 percent, the S content is less than or equal to 0.95 percent, the volatile matter is less than or equal to 1.5 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, the reactivity is less than or equal to 32.5 percent, and the strength after reaction is more than or equal to 61.5 percent.
4. The smelting process of large blast furnace dosed high proportion low silicon high magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silica control requirement is: SiO 22The content is more than or equal to 95.0 percent.
5. The smelting process of the large blast furnace with the high-proportion low-silicon high-magnesium fluorine-containing fluxed pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the quality control requirements of the pulverized coal used in the blast furnace are as follows: ash content is less than or equal to 9.50%, volatile matter is less than or equal to 17.5%, C content is more than or equal to 69.0%, S content is less than or equal to 0.40%, and screening is more than or equal to 66.0%.
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| CN112266994B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-04-29 | 德龙钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace iron-smelting method for high-proportion pellet ore |
| CN112251551A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-22 | 王玉平 | High-proportion magnesium pellet blast furnace iron-smelting method and automatic distributor arranged on blast furnace |
| CN114085938A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-25 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Process for smelting limestone type fluorine-containing fluxed pellets under high-pellet-ratio condition of large blast furnace |
| CN115627306B (en) * | 2022-10-03 | 2023-11-10 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting low-grade high-harmful element materials by blast furnace |
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| CN102010920A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-04-13 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Method for smelting bell-less top blast furnace high proportion pellet ore burden structure |
| CN103468838B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-02-25 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Blast furnace ironmaking technology adopting high pellet ore proportion |
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