CN109351977B - Preparation method of iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material - Google Patents
Preparation method of iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109351977B CN109351977B CN201811205800.1A CN201811205800A CN109351977B CN 109351977 B CN109351977 B CN 109351977B CN 201811205800 A CN201811205800 A CN 201811205800A CN 109351977 B CN109351977 B CN 109351977B
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- copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly winding copper wires outside the pure iron wires, and fixing two ends of the copper wires; (2) arranging iron wires wound with copper wires into an array; (3) and (3) filling chromium powder in the gap in the step (2), and carrying out infiltration sintering. When the copper-chromium contact material containing the iron core is used for the contact, the magnetic field on the surface of the contact is spontaneously regulated and controlled, the vacuum arc can be driven to rapidly move and disperse, and the ablation on the surface of the contact is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper-based composite contact materials, in particular to a preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core.
Background
The contact is the heart of the vacuum switch and plays a key role in the safe operation of the switch. With the development of the power industry and the increasing variety of vacuum switches, the vacuum contact materials are developed to be ultrahigh voltage, diversified and high-performance so as to support the development of the vacuum switches to be ultrahigh voltage grade, special occasions and miniaturization. However, in recent years, although the vacuum contact material has been developed greatly in the manufacturing process level, the breakthrough to the ultrahigh voltage vacuum contact material is not realized, and the requirement of the ultrahigh voltage vacuum circuit breaker cannot be met. The contact material becomes a bottleneck problem of the ultrahigh-voltage vacuum circuit breaker.
In the prior art, companies try to develop vacuum contact materials with voltage level of more than 126kV, Cr phase in CuCr alloy is further refined to obtain better comprehensive electrical performance of the contact, and the magnetic field structure of a vacuum arc extinguish chamber also adopts methods such as Spiral structure to realize more uniform magnetic field distribution. However, the magnetic field intensity on the surface of the contact through the contact cup seat structure is still low, the capability of driving the arc cathode spot to further diffuse and move is limited, and the breaking failure and the post-arc reburning caused by the high temperature generated locally in the breaking process cannot be further reduced.
Therefore, the research on the vacuum contact material for the vacuum switch with the internal flow guiding microstructure can solve the problems by generating a stronger magnetic field on the surface of the electrode and generating a stronger concentrated magnetic field in a local area through the internal flow guiding microstructure of the contact material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly winding copper wires outside the pure iron wires, and fixing two ends of the copper wires;
s2, arranging iron wires wound with copper wires into an array;
s3 the gap of S2 is filled with chromium powder and sintered by infiltration.
In the present invention, the step S1 specifically includes: s11, weighing chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires respectively according to the weight ratio of (45-70) to (20-50) to (1-10) for later use; winding a copper wire on an iron wire by adopting 3D weaving;
the step S2 specifically includes: s21 arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array;
the step S3 specifically includes: s31 filling chromium powder in the gap of the array obtained in the step S21; s32 the product obtained in step S31 is pressed and sintered.
In step S11, the diameter of the copper wire is 0.1-5.0mm, the diameter of the iron wire is 0.1-5.0mm, and the distance between the copper spiral wires is 0.1-5 mm;
in step S31, the sintering is performed under vacuum.
In step S21, the pitch is 0.5-5 mm.
In step S32, the sintering temperature is 1000-1400 ℃, and infiltration sintering is adopted during sintering control.
In step S31, chromium powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm is filled.
The invention also provides the iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material prepared by the method, and when the iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material is used for a contact, the magnetic field on the surface of the contact is spontaneously regulated and controlled, the vacuum arc can be driven to rapidly move, and the ablation on the surface of the contact is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the composite contact material, and the new mode of adopting the vacuum switch and the contact material microstructure integrated design is obtained by the method, so that the bottleneck problem restricting the development of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is solved. The method is characterized in that a novel production technology such as 3D weaving is combined with a traditional production technology to prepare a novel vacuum contact material with a controllable microstructure, so that a self-generated in-situ magnetic field is generated inside a contact, the form and the motion behavior of a vacuum arc are controlled, the current method of controlling the arc by depending on the mechanical structure design of the contact or generating a longitudinal or transverse magnetic field by an additional coil is fundamentally changed, the spontaneous regulation and control of the magnetic field on the surface of the contact are realized, the rapid motion and dispersion of the vacuum arc are driven, the aggregation of the arc is prevented, the ablation on the surface of the contact is expected to be greatly reduced, and the bottleneck problem of.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a microstructure unit containing an iron core according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microstructure unit containing a core according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is an electromagnetic field simulation diagram and a transverse magnetic field distribution curve of the microstructure unit array of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and one embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for preparing a copper-chromium contact material including an iron core, the method including the steps of:
s1, uniformly winding copper wires outside the pure iron wires, and fixing two ends of the copper wires;
s2, arranging iron wires wound with copper wires into an array;
s3 the gap of S2 is filled with chromium powder and pressed and sintered.
In another embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes: s11, weighing chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires respectively according to the weight ratio of (45-70) to (20-50) to (1-10) for later use; winding a copper wire on an iron wire by adopting 3D weaving; the step S2 specifically includes: s21 arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array; the step S3 specifically includes: s31 filling chromium powder in the gap of the array obtained in the step S21; s32 the product obtained in step S31 is pressed and sintered.
In any embodiment of the present invention, in step S11, the diameter of the copper wire is 0.1 to 5.0mm, the diameter of the iron wire is 0.1 to 5.0mm, and the pitch between the copper spiral wires is 0.1 to 0.5 mm;
in any embodiment of the present invention, in step S32, the sintering is performed under vacuum.
In any embodiment of the present invention, in step S21, the pitch is 1.5 to 2.5 mm.
In any of the embodiments of the present invention, in step S32, the sintering temperature is 900-,
in this embodiment, in step S31, a chromium powder body having an average particle diameter of 0.8 to 1.21 μm is filled;
in the embodiment, the chromium powder, the copper wire and the iron wire are used as raw materials, the weight ratio of the chromium powder to the copper wire to the iron wire is 50: 45: 5, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11, winding copper wires with the diameter of 1mm on iron wires with the diameter of 2.0mm by adopting 3D weaving, wherein the distance between copper spiral wires is 0.3 mm;
s21, arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array, wherein the distance between the iron wires is 2.0 mm;
s31 filling chromium powder with average grain diameter of 1 μm in the gap of the array obtained in step S21;
s32, the product obtained in the step S31 is subjected to pressing and sintering treatment under vacuum, the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, and the pressure of pressure sintering is 2 MPa.
The invention also provides the iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material prepared by the method, and when the iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material is used for a contact, the magnetic field on the surface of the contact is spontaneously regulated and controlled, the zero-energy potential rapid movement of the vacuum arc can be driven, and the surface temperature of the contact and the metal vapor density are reduced.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1-3, but these examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core takes chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires as raw materials, and the weight ratio of the chromium powder to the copper wires to the iron wires is 53: 45: 2, the method comprising the steps of:
s11, winding copper wires with the diameter of 0.5mm on iron wires with the diameter of 1.0mm by adopting 3D weaving, wherein the distance between copper spiral wires is 0.5 mm;
s21, arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array with the spacing of 2.5 mm;
s31 filling chromium powder with an average grain diameter of 20 μm in the gaps of the array obtained in the step S21;
s32 the product obtained in the step S31 is pressed and sintered under vacuum, and the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃.
For this embodiment, the single unit of the microstructure prepared as shown in fig. 1-2 can generate a larger magnetic field when breaking short-circuit current, so as to meet the requirement of magnetic field strength required for successful breaking of large current.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core takes chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires as raw materials, the weight ratio of the chromium powder to the copper wires to the iron wires is 50: 45: 5, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11, winding copper wires with the diameter of 1mm on iron wires with the diameter of 2.0mm by adopting 3D weaving, wherein the distance between copper spiral wires is 0.3 mm;
s21, arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array, wherein the distance between the iron wires is 2.0 mm;
s31 filling the voids of the array obtained in step S21 with chromium powder having an average particle size of 100 μm;
s32, the product obtained in the step S31 is pressed and sintered under vacuum, the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃,
example 3
The difference from embodiment 2 is that the array in step S21 has a certain inclination angle, and the inclination angle in this embodiment is 10 degrees.
For the embodiments 1 to 3, the single unit of the microstructure prepared as shown in fig. 1 to 3 can generate a larger magnetic field when breaking the short-circuit current, so as to meet the requirement of the magnetic field strength required for successful breaking of a large current. When the copper-chromium contact material containing the iron core is used for the contact, the magnetic field on the surface of the contact is spontaneously regulated and controlled, the vacuum arc can be driven to rapidly move and disperse, and the ablation on the surface of the contact is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a copper-chromium contact material containing an iron core comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly winding copper wires outside the pure iron wires, and fixing two ends of the copper wires;
s2, arranging iron wires wound with copper wires into an array, wherein gaps are formed among the iron wires wound with the copper wires;
s3 the gap of S2 is filled with chromium powder and sintered by infiltration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of a red light source, a green light source, and a blue light source,
the step S1 specifically includes:
s11, chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires are used as raw materials, and the weight ratio is (45-70): (20-50): (1-10) respectively weighing chromium powder, copper wires and iron wires for later use; winding a copper wire on an iron wire by adopting 3D weaving;
the step S2 specifically includes:
s21 arranging the iron wires wound with the copper wires prepared in the step S11 into an array;
the step S3 specifically includes:
s31 filling chromium powder in the gap of the array obtained in the step S21;
s32 the product obtained in step S31 is pressed and sintered.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S11, the diameter of the copper wire is 0.1-5.0mm, the diameter of the iron wire is 0.1-5.0mm, and the spacing between the copper spiral wires is 0.1-5 mm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S32, the sintering is performed under vacuum.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the copper wire wound iron wires are spaced apart by 0.5-5mm in step S21.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000-1400 ℃ in step S32.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S31, chromium powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm is filled.
8. The iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, when the iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material is used for a contact, the magnetic field on the surface of the contact is spontaneously regulated and controlled, the vacuum arc can be driven to rapidly move and disperse, and the ablation on the surface of the contact is reduced.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811205800.1A CN109351977B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Preparation method of iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material |
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| CN201811205800.1A CN109351977B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Preparation method of iron core-containing copper-chromium contact material |
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| CN109351977B true CN109351977B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| CN113172235B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | Electrical contact preparation method based on multi-material metal synchronous 3D printing technology |
| CN114694984B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Silver tin oxide intelligent contact with magnetic field self-regulating function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3191274A (en) * | 1961-02-20 | 1965-06-29 | Talon Inc | Method of making an electrical contact |
| CN1016185B (en) * | 1990-11-03 | 1992-04-08 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Material for cu-cr-fe vacuum contact finger |
| CN1193389C (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2005-03-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Spring touch finger for high-voltage switch and its manufacture |
| CN1219898C (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2005-09-21 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Alloy powders for preparing CuCr alloy probe material and preparation thereof |
| CN100358063C (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2007-12-26 | 株式会社东芝 | Composite contact, vacuum switch and method for manufacturing composite contact |
| AT11814U1 (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-05-15 | Plansee Powertech Ag | METHOD FOR THE POWDER METALLURGIC MANUFACTURE OF A CU-CR MATERIAL |
| CN107604199B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-11-22 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of Cu-Cr-Fe vacuum contact material |
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