CN109348819B - Intelligent efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system - Google Patents
Intelligent efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109348819B CN109348819B CN201811354205.4A CN201811354205A CN109348819B CN 109348819 B CN109348819 B CN 109348819B CN 201811354205 A CN201811354205 A CN 201811354205A CN 109348819 B CN109348819 B CN 109348819B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
- A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system which comprises a field information monitoring system, an irrigation system, a fertilization system, a pesticide application system and a mixing system; the field information monitoring system is used for monitoring soil information in the field, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located and sending the information to the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet; the irrigation system is used for introducing water in the reservoir into farmlands, and simultaneously irrigates the water and fertilizer liquid output by the fertilization system through the irrigation and fertilizer pipeline, irrigates the liquid medicine output by the pesticide application system through the high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline or irrigates the mixed liquid output by the mixing system through the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline. The invention adopts a secondary mixing mode, firstly, the mixed liquid of the water, fertilizer and medicine is mixed on line in real time in the mixing tank, and then enters the mixing cavity of the mixed liquid for secondary mixing, thus having superiority in the efficiency of mixing the fertilizer and the medicine.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of irrigation, in particular to an intelligent efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system.
Background
The existing water and fertilizer and pesticide integrated equipment is mainly divided into a main pipeline premixing type and a branch pipeline injection type, the main pipeline premixing type equipment is fully mixed with fertilizer and pesticide, the concentration of mixed liquid is uniform, but the main problem is that the flow is small, the water and fertilizer and pesticide operation in a large-area planting area is difficult to meet, the branch pipeline injection type equipment is not limited by the flow of a main pipeline, the fertilizer and pesticide mixing effect in an irrigation pipeline is poor, the concentration of mixed liquid is uneven, and accurate operation is difficult to achieve. In addition, the existing water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated equipment can only perform quantitative fertigation and pesticide application according to human operation, cannot perform intelligent operation according to the water and fertilizer conditions of soil with different requirements of different crops, is only simple in combination in fertigation and pesticide application, lacks an intelligent decision making system and an integrated control system, is poor in collaborative operation capability and low in operation efficiency, and is difficult to meet the requirements of modern agricultural production.
In the prior art, the phenomenon that crops are difficult to obtain proper water and fertilizer is common, and the problem of how to control the water content and the fertility of soil in the most proper range according to the requirements of different crops is solved, so that an effective solution is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the disclosure provides an intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system, which can perform water, fertilizer and pesticide accurate management according to information such as crop types, crop growth vigor, soil moisture and the like, and perform efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated application according to water and fertilizer requirement curves of different crops.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
an intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system comprises a field information monitoring system, an irrigation system, a fertilizer application system, a pesticide application system and a mixing system;
the field information monitoring system is used for monitoring soil information in the field, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located and sending the information to the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet;
The irrigation system is used for introducing water in the reservoir into farmlands, and simultaneously irrigating the water and fertilizer liquid output by the fertilization system through an irrigation and fertilizer pipeline, and irrigating the liquid medicine output by the pesticide application system through a high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline or irrigating the mixed liquid output by the mixing system through a water and fertilizer integrated pipeline;
The fertilization system is used for respectively carrying out water and fertilizer mixing and stirring on the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid, and outputting the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid to the mixing system through respective corresponding battery valves;
The pesticide application system is used for mixing and stirring the pesticide liquid and water and conveying the stirred pesticide liquid and the water-fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer application system to the mixing system;
The mixing system respectively transmits the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine output by the fertilization system and the pesticide application system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurization mode, and then outputs the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine to the secondary mixing cavity for mixing through the outlet pipeline;
The irrigation system, the fertilization system, the pesticide application system and the mixing system are all connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet, and the work of each system is controlled by the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet;
The image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet are all connected to the remote monitoring platform, and the remote monitoring platform issues control commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet to work.
Further technical scheme, the field information monitoring system includes:
the high-definition camera is arranged at a proper position near the field and used for shooting information of crops in the field and transmitting the information to the image acquisition control cabinet;
The device comprises a wind speed sensor, a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor, a wind direction sensor, an evaporation sensor, a rainfall sensor and a shutter box, wherein a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil brilliant-Fender sensor, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged at positions close to the field and under the soil;
the sensor collects data and transmits the data to the collector in the parameter collection control cabinet, and the collector transmits the collected data to the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system through the communication module.
Further technical solution, the irrigation system includes:
The main irrigation pipeline is connected to the reservoir, an irrigation water pump is arranged at a position, close to the reservoir, of the main irrigation pipeline, the water pump pumps the reservoir out of the main irrigation pipeline, a main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge are further arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, the main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve controls whether water is conveyed or not, the pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of water in the main irrigation pipeline, a filter is arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, and the water is filtered and then utilized;
The high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and the fertigation pipeline are respectively arranged at the positions close to crops in the field, a branch manual valve is arranged on a public pipeline where the high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and the fertigation pipeline are arranged and used for determining fertigation or high-pressure atomization pesticide applying, a pesticide applying branch pipeline manual valve is also arranged on the high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and used for determining whether high-pressure atomization pesticide applying is carried out, and a water and fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve is also arranged on the fertigation pipeline and used for determining whether fertigation is carried out;
The position that is located the field and is close to the crop still is provided with liquid manure medicine integration pipeline, and this pipeline can realize liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously, is provided with liquid manure medicine lateral pipe pipeline manual valve on the liquid manure medicine integration pipeline for confirm whether carry out liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously. The manual valve can be replaced by an electromagnetic valve, and is controlled by a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet.
Further technical scheme, fertilization system includes:
A branch is arranged on a main pipe for irrigation and is a water injection pipeline, an emptying valve and a water injection electromagnetic valve are also arranged on the water injection pipeline, a large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are also arranged below the water injection pipeline, liquid level meters are respectively arranged on the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, the upper parts of the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through the first water injection electromagnetic valve, a first stirring motor is also arranged in the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and large amount of element fertilizer liquid, the upper parts of the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through a second water injection electromagnetic valve, a second stirring motor is also arranged in the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and trace element fertilizer liquid, and the fertilization electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged below the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, and are used for outputting the well-stirred water and fertilizer when the liquid fertilizer liquid pump is opened;
The emptying valve, the electromagnetic valve and the stirring motor in the fertilization system are controlled by a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet. The liquid level meter also transmits the measured liquid level information to the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system, and is used for controlling the action condition of the electromagnetic valve by the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system.
Further technical solutions, the application system comprises:
The liquid medicine tank is connected to the water injection pipeline through the third water injection solenoid valve above the liquid medicine tank, still is provided with the third agitator motor in the liquid medicine tank, is provided with the third level gauge on the liquid medicine tank bucket arm, and the below of liquid medicine tank still is provided with the solenoid valve that gives medicine to poor free of charge, and wherein third agitator motor, third level gauge, the solenoid valve that gives medicine to poor free of charge and third water injection solenoid valve all are connected to liquid manure medicine integration system site control cabinet, and liquid manure medicine integration system site control cabinet controls the action of various valves and agitator motor opens or stops as required.
Further technical solution, the mixing system includes:
The device comprises a pressurizing motor, wherein the pressurizing motor is used for conveying mixed liquid in a fertilizing system or a pesticide applying system or both of the fertilizing system and the pesticide applying system to a mixing tank for mixing in a pressurizing mode, a fourth stirring motor is arranged in the mixing tank, a flow meter is arranged on a pipeline close to the upper part of the mixing tank and used for measuring the concentration of the mixed liquid entering the mixing tank, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are also arranged on the wall of the mixing tank and used for measuring corresponding parameter values of the mixed liquid, two branches are arranged at the lower part of the mixing tank, one branch is a fertilizer (pesticide) liquid outlet pipeline, a fertilizing pump and a fertilizer (pesticide) liquid outlet electromagnetic valve are arranged on the pipeline, the other branch is a fertilizer (pesticide) liquid inlet pipeline, a fertilizer (pesticide) liquid inlet electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, a secondary mixing cavity is arranged between the two pipelines, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged in the secondary mixing cavity and used for measuring the corresponding parameter values of the mixed liquid in the secondary mixing cavity again, and the two branches are connected to the secondary mixing cavity and the primary pipeline is communicated with the secondary mixing cavity. In this way, the water filtered in the main irrigation pipeline can be used for mixing during secondary irrigation.
In the mixing system, various sensors, electromagnetic valves, pumps, stirring motors, liquid level meters are connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the control cabinet controls the actions of the electromagnetic valves, pumps, stirring motors and the like according to collected data.
Further technical scheme, remote monitoring platform includes:
The central control room server is connected with the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet through wireless network cables and is in two-way communication;
The image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet transmit various obtained data to a central control room server, and the central control room server can also issue commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet to execute corresponding actions; meanwhile, the central control room server is connected with the central control room display screen, relevant data are displayed, the central control room server is also connected with the portable intelligent terminal through the network transceiver, and the portable intelligent terminal can also obtain various information or issue control instructions.
The embodiment of the disclosure also discloses a working method of the intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system, comprising the following steps:
Monitoring soil information of fields, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located, and sending the information to an image acquisition control cabinet and a parameter acquisition control cabinet;
The image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet transmit the obtained information to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet, and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet controls an irrigation system, a fertilization system, a pesticide application system and a mixing system according to an irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application strategy;
the irrigation system is used for introducing water in the reservoir into farmlands, and simultaneously, irrigating the water and fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer application system through an irrigation and fertilizer pipeline, irrigating the liquid medicine output by the pesticide application system through a high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline or irrigating the mixed liquid output by the mixing system through a water and fertilizer integrated pipeline;
the fertilizing system respectively mixes and stirs the water and the fertilizer with the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid, and outputs the mixed liquid to the mixing system through the corresponding battery valves;
The pesticide application system is used for mixing and stirring the pesticide liquid and water and conveying the stirred pesticide liquid and the water-fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer application system to the mixing system;
The mixing system respectively transmits the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine output by the fertilization system and the pesticide application system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurization mode, and then outputs the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine to the secondary mixing cavity for mixing through the outlet pipeline.
In the above embodiment, in the working method of the intelligent efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system, the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet are all connected to the remote monitoring platform, and the remote monitoring platform issues a control command to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet to work.
The formulation of the fertigation and pesticide application strategy has four modes: firstly, relevant strategies are pre-set according to expert experience, and operators choose different strategies according to different crops; secondly, an operator builds a strategy according to the growth condition of specific crops in a planting area; thirdly, the system automatically generates strategies according to the collected crop growth vigor, plant diseases and insect pests, weather and soil information; fourth, the expert in the related field remotely judges and formulates the tactics on line according to the field situation.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:
According to the invention, automatic irrigation can be performed according to meteorological information, soil moisture and crop water demand, and the soil moisture can be always kept within a field water-holding capacity interval, so that the method has superiority compared with the traditional irrigation soil moisture curve.
According to the invention, automatic irrigation can be performed according to soil nutrients and water demand of crops, and the soil nutrients can be kept in an effective fertility area all the time, and the traditional fertilization fertility curve has advantages.
The invention adopts a secondary mixing mode, firstly, the mixed liquid of the water, fertilizer and medicine is mixed on line in real time in the mixing tank, and then enters the mixing cavity of the mixed liquid for secondary mixing, thus having superiority in the efficiency of mixing the fertilizer and the medicine.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of irrigation effects according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing fertilization effects according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In the figure, 1, a reservoir, 2, an irrigation water pump, 3, an irrigation main pipeline, 4, a main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve, 5, a first pressure gauge, 6, a filter, 7, a water injection pipeline, 8, a blow-off valve, 9, a first water injection electromagnetic valve, 10, a first stirring motor, 11, a large-element fertilizer liquid barrel, 12, a first liquid level gauge, 13, a first fertilization electromagnetic valve, 14, a second water injection electromagnetic valve, 15, a second stirring motor, 16, a trace element fertilizer liquid barrel 17, a second liquid level gauge, 18, a second fertilization electromagnetic valve, 19, a third water injection electromagnetic valve, 20, a third stirring motor, 21, a liquid medicine tank, 22, a third liquid level gauge, 23, an application electromagnetic valve, 24, a pressurizing motor, 25, a flow gauge, 26, a fourth stirring motor, 27, a mixed tank, 28, a fourth liquid level gauge, 29, a fertilization pump, 30 and a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet pipeline, 31, a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, 32, a mixing cavity, 33, a first EC sensor, 34, a first PH sensor, 35, a second EC sensor, 36, a second PH sensor, 37, a fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline, 38, a fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline electromagnetic valve, 39, a main pipeline outlet electromagnetic valve outlet, 40, a second pressure gauge, 41, a flowmeter, 42, a water-fertilizer-medicine integrated system on-site control cabinet, 43, a branch manual valve, 44, a medicine application branch pipeline manual valve, 45, a water-fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve, 46, a high-pressure atomization medicine application pipeline, 47, an irrigation fertilizer pipeline, 48, a water-fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve, 49, a water-fertilizer-medicine integrated pipeline, 50, a high-definition camera, 51, an image acquisition control cabinet, 52, a wind speed sensor, 53, a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor, 54. wind direction sensor, 55, solar cell panel, 56, evaporation sensor, 57, rainfall sensor, 58, shutter box, 59, parameter acquisition control cabinet, 60, soil temperature and humidity sensor, 61, soil moisture sensor, 62, soil brilliant-Fender sensor, 63, third EC sensor, 64, third PH sensor, 65, central control room display screen, 66, central control room server, 67, network transceiver, 68, portable intelligent terminal.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In a typical embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, an intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system is provided, and comprises a field information monitoring system, a filtering system, an irrigation system, a fertilization system, a pesticide application system, a mixing system and a remote monitoring platform.
The field information monitoring system comprises a high-definition camera (50), an image acquisition control cabinet (51), a wind speed sensor (52), a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor (53), a wind direction sensor (54), a solar panel (55), an evaporation sensor (56), a rainfall sensor (57), a shutter box (58), a parameter acquisition control cabinet (59), a soil temperature and humidity sensor (60), a soil moisture sensor (61), a soil brilliant-earth sensor (62), a third EC sensor (63) and a third PH sensor (64), wherein the shutter box (58) is internally provided with an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor and an air humidity sensor, and the parameter acquisition control cabinet (59) is internally provided with a data acquisition instrument, a solar controller storage battery and a communication module.
The high-definition cameras are installed at proper positions near the field and can be arranged on a bracket, two high-definition cameras can be adopted for shooting information of field crops, the information is transmitted to the image acquisition control cabinet and is processed by the field controller, and if the field processing cannot obtain a result, the information is processed by the monitoring platform.
A two-layer support is arranged at another position near the field, a wind speed sensor, a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor and a wind direction sensor are arranged on the support at the highest layer on the support, a solar cell panel is also arranged between the two layers on the support, an evaporation sensor, a rainfall sensor and a shutter box are arranged on the second layer of the support, a parameter acquisition control cabinet is arranged at the position of a support rod at the middle lower part of the support, and a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil brilliant-Fender sensor, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged at the position close to the field and under the soil.
In the device, a series of sensors arranged under the soil are used for measuring the temperature and humidity, moisture, pH value and the like of the soil and transmitting data to an acquisition instrument in a parameter acquisition control cabinet, and meanwhile, various sensors positioned on a bracket respectively acquire the data of the wind speed, the wind direction, the rainfall and the like of the environment where crops are positioned and transmit the data to the acquisition instrument in the parameter acquisition control cabinet. The acquisition instrument transmits acquired data to the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system for processing through the communication module, and transmits the acquired data to the monitoring platform, and the monitoring platform processes the acquired data when the result cannot be obtained through the field processing.
In a specific implementation example, the irrigation system comprises a reservoir (1), an irrigation water pump (2), an irrigation main pipeline (3), a main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve (4), a first pressure gauge (5), a main pipeline outlet electromagnetic valve outlet (39), a second pressure gauge (40), a flowmeter (41), a water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet (42), a branch manual valve (43), a medicine application branch pipeline manual valve (44), a water, fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve (45), a high-pressure atomization medicine application pipeline (46), an irrigation fertilizer pipeline (47), a water, fertilizer and medicine branch pipeline manual valve (48) and a water, fertilizer and medicine integrated pipeline (49).
The main irrigation pipe is connected to the reservoir, an irrigation water pump is arranged at a position, close to the reservoir, on the main irrigation pipe, the water pump of the reservoir is discharged to the main irrigation pipe, a main pipe water inlet electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge are further arranged on the main irrigation pipe, the main pipe water inlet electromagnetic valve controls whether water is conveyed or not, the pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of water in the main irrigation pipe, a filter is arranged on the main irrigation pipe, and the water is utilized after being filtered.
The high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and the fertigation pipeline are respectively arranged at the positions, close to crops, of the fields, a branch manual valve is arranged on a public pipeline where the high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and the fertigation pipeline are located and is used for determining fertigation or high-pressure atomization pesticide applying, a pesticide applying branch pipeline manual valve is further arranged on the high-pressure atomization pesticide applying pipeline and is used for determining whether high-pressure atomization pesticide applying is carried out, and a water and fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve is further arranged on the fertigation pipeline and is used for determining whether fertigation is carried out.
The position that is located the field and is close to the crop still is provided with liquid manure medicine integration pipeline, and this pipeline can realize liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously, is provided with liquid manure medicine lateral pipe pipeline manual valve on the liquid manure medicine integration pipeline for confirm whether carry out liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously. Of course, the manual valve can also be replaced by an electromagnetic valve, and the on-site control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to a fertilization strategy or a user command, so that the timing and quantitative application of the water, fertilizer and pesticide in the field is realized.
In a specific implementation example, the fertilization system comprises a water injection pipeline (7), an emptying valve (8), a first water injection electromagnetic valve (9), a first stirring motor (10), a macroelement fertilizer liquid barrel (11), a first liquid level meter (12), a first fertilization electromagnetic valve (13), a second water injection electromagnetic valve (14), a second stirring motor (15), a microelement fertilizer liquid barrel (16), a second liquid level meter (17), a second fertilization electromagnetic valve (18) and a water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet (42).
The on-site control cabinet (42) of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system controls the first water injection electromagnetic valve (9) to be opened, irrigation water enters the macroelement fertilizer liquid barrel (11), after the first liquid level meter (12) monitors that the water level reaches the minimum water level, the first stirring motor (10) is automatically started, and primary mixing of the irrigation water and the liquid fertilizer or the water-soluble fertilizer is completed under the action of the first stirring motor (10); when the control cabinet (42) controls the first fertilization electromagnetic valve (13) to be opened, the fertilizer liquid enters the mixing tank (27) under the action of the fertilizer liquid pressurizing motor (24).
Be provided with a branch on the main pipe of irrigation and be the water injection pipeline, still be provided with atmospheric valve and water injection solenoid valve on the water injection pipeline, still be provided with macroelement fertilizer liquid bucket and microelement fertilizer liquid bucket below the water injection pipeline, be provided with the level gauge on macroelement fertilizer liquid bucket and the microelement fertilizer liquid bucket respectively, the upper portion of macroelement fertilizer liquid bucket is connected to the water injection pipeline through first water injection solenoid valve, still be provided with first agitator motor in the macroelement fertilizer liquid bucket for realize the stirring to water and macroelement fertilizer liquid, the top of microelement fertilizer liquid bucket is connected to the water injection pipeline through the second water injection solenoid valve, still be provided with the second agitator motor in the microelement fertilizer liquid bucket, the second agitator motor is used for realizing the stirring of water and microelement fertilizer liquid, the below of macroelement fertilizer liquid bucket and microelement fertilizer liquid bucket is provided with the fertilization solenoid valve respectively. And when opened, the stirring device is used for outputting the stirred water and fertilizer.
The emptying valve, the electromagnetic valve and the stirring motor in the fertilization system are controlled by a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet. The liquid level meter also transmits the measured liquid level information to the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system, and is used for controlling the action condition of the electromagnetic valve by the field control cabinet of the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system.
In the concrete implementation example, the pesticide application system comprises a third water injection electromagnetic valve (19), a third stirring motor (20), a pesticide liquid tank (21), a third liquid level meter (22), a pesticide application electromagnetic valve (23) and a field control cabinet (42) of the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system.
The control cabinet (42) controls the third water injection electromagnetic valve (19) to be opened, irrigation water enters the liquid medicine tank (21), when the third liquid level meter (22) monitors that the water level is higher than the lowest liquid level, the third stirring motor (20) is automatically started to stir, and the irrigation water and the liquid medicine stock solution or soluble medicine particles are mixed for one time; when the spraying and applying electromagnetic (23) is turned on, the liquid medicine is mixed in a mixing system for secondary mixing; when the outlet (39) of the electromagnetic valve at the outlet of the main pipeline is opened, the liquid medicine enters a high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline (46) and a liquid fertilizer and pesticide integrated pipeline (49) along with irrigation water, and after the manual valve (45) of the liquid fertilizer branch pipeline and the manual valve (48) of the liquid fertilizer and pesticide branch pipeline are opened, pesticide spraying on the plant canopy and pesticide application on the root are respectively carried out.
The top of the liquid medicine tank is connected to a water injection pipeline through a third water injection electromagnetic valve, a third stirring motor is further arranged in the liquid medicine tank, a third liquid level meter is arranged on a liquid medicine tank barrel arm, a pesticide application electromagnetic valve is further arranged below the liquid medicine tank, wherein the third stirring motor, the third liquid level meter, the pesticide application electromagnetic valve and the third water injection electromagnetic valve are all connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet controls the actions of various valves and the stirring motor to be started or stopped as required.
In a specific implementation example, the mixing system comprises a pressurizing motor (24), a flowmeter (25), a fourth stirring motor (26), a mixing tank (27), a fourth liquid level meter (28), a fertilizing pump (29), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet pipeline (30), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet electromagnetic valve (31), a secondary mixing cavity (32), a first EC sensor (33), a first PH sensor (34), a second EC sensor (35), a second PH sensor (36), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline (37), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline electromagnetic valve (38) and a water-fertilizer-medicine integrated system field control cabinet (42).
A field control cabinet (42) of the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system controls a pressurizing motor (24) to start, liquid medicine or fertilizer and liquid are mixed and irrigated (27), and a fourth stirring motor (26) is started to fully stir the liquid; the fertilization pump (29), the solenoid valve (38) of the fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline and the solenoid valve (31) of the medicine liquid outlet pipeline are controlled to be started, and the mixed liquid sequentially passes through the fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline (37), the secondary mixing cavity (32) and the fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet pipeline (30) and enters the mixing tank (27) through the fertilization pump (29) to be mixed for the second time.
The first fertilization solenoid valve, the second fertilization solenoid valve, the medicine application solenoid valve are all connected to a pipeline, still be provided with the pressurization motor on this pipeline, utilize the pressurization motor to carry again to the mixed liquid in the mixed tank through the mode of pressurization in fertilization system or medicine application system or the system that both exist, be provided with the fourth agitator motor in the mixed tank, be provided with the flowmeter on the pipeline near the top of mixed tank, be used for measuring the concentration of the mixed liquid that gets into in the mixed tank, still be provided with the fourth level gauge on the wall of mixed tank, the middle part position of mixed tank still is provided with EC sensor and PH sensor, be used for measuring the corresponding parameter value of mixed liquid, two branch road in lower part of mixed tank, one branch road is fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet pipeline, be provided with fertilization pump and fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet solenoid valve on the pipeline of place, another branch road is fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline, be provided with fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline solenoid valve on the pipeline place pipeline, be provided with secondary mixing chamber between two pipelines, be provided with the sensor and PH sensor in this secondary mixing chamber and PH sensor and secondary mixing chamber on the pipeline of two branch roads that are used for measuring the corresponding parameter value of mixed liquid again on the secondary mixing chamber place two branch road place two pipeline place, the secondary mixing chamber communicates with each other. In this way, the water filtered in the main irrigation pipeline can be used for mixing during secondary irrigation.
In the mixing system, various sensors, electromagnetic valves, pumps, stirring motors, liquid level meters are connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the control cabinet controls the actions of the electromagnetic valves, pumps, stirring motors and the like according to collected data.
In a specific implementation example, the remote monitoring platform comprises a central control room display screen (65), a central control room server (66), a network transceiver (67) and a portable intelligent terminal (68), wherein the central control room server (66) is connected with a water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet (42), an image acquisition control cabinet (51) and a parameter acquisition control cabinet (59) through wireless network cables and in bidirectional communication.
The image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet transmit various data to the central control room server, and the central control room server can also issue commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet to execute corresponding actions. Meanwhile, the central control room server is connected with the central control room display screen, relevant data are displayed, the central control room server is also connected with the portable intelligent terminal through the network transceiver, and the portable intelligent terminal can also obtain various information or issue control instructions.
In a specific example of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, a time axis (69), a soil moisture axis (70), a soil tie-up curve (71), a soil permanent wilt point (72), an intelligent irrigation soil moisture curve (73), a traditional irrigation soil moisture curve (74), a field water holding capacity interval (75), an average irrigation capacity curve (76), and a saturated water holding capacity curve (77).
The irrigation system can automatically irrigate according to soil moisture and crop water demand, the lower limit of the intelligent irrigation soil moisture curve (73) is not lower than a permanent withering point (72) of soil, the upper limit is not higher than a saturated water content curve (77), and the soil moisture can be always kept in a field water holding capacity interval (75), so that crops can have a better environment state under the condition that the average irrigation amount curve (76) is the same as that of the traditional irrigation soil moisture curve (74).
In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, a time axis (78), a soil fertility axis (79), a natural fertility curve (80), a water and fertilizer integrated fertility curve (81), a conventional fertilization fertility curve (82), an effective fertility interval (83), an average fertilization amount curve (84), and an artificial fertility saturation curve (85).
The fertilization system can automatically fertilize according to soil nutrients and the fertilizer required amount of crops, and can always keep the soil nutrients within an effective fertilizer interval, the lower limit of a water-fertilizer integrated fertilizer force curve (81) is not lower than a natural fertilizer force curve (80), the upper limit is not higher than an artificial fertilizer force saturation curve (85), and the water-fertilizer integrated fertilizer force curve is always kept within an effective fertilizer interval (83), and has higher utilization rate under the condition that an average fertilization amount curve (84) is the same as that of a traditional fertilization fertilizer force curve (82). Accurate
In the concrete implementation example of the disclosure, the mixing system adopts a secondary mixing mode, firstly, the mixed liquid of the liquid fertilizer and the pesticide is mixed in the mixing tank (27) in real time and is detected by the liquid level meter (28), when the liquid level reaches the upper limit, the liquid level is controlled by the field control cabinet (42) of the liquid fertilizer and pesticide integrated system, the fertilization pump (29) is opened, the fertilizer (pesticide) liquid outlet pipeline (30) and the fertilizer (pesticide) liquid outlet electromagnetic valve (31) are opened, and the secondary mixing is carried out in the mixing cavity (32) of the mixed liquid, so that the optimal fertilizer mixing and pesticide mixing efficiency is achieved.
In the concrete implementation example of the disclosure, a secondary mixing system is formed by adding a mixing tank (27), a fertilizing pump (29), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet pipeline (30), a mixing cavity (32), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid outlet electromagnetic valve (31), a fertilizer (medicine) liquid inlet pipeline electromagnetic valve (38) and the like in the secondary mixing technology, and the problem of uneven mixing of large-caliber pipelines is solved by adopting a pressurizing countercurrent circulation mixing method, so that uniform and efficient mixing of the fertilizer and the medicine is achieved.
The irrigation and fertilization mode can enable soil moisture and fertility to be kept as shown by an intelligent irrigation soil moisture curve (73) and a water and fertilizer integrated fertility curve (81) in the figure, and the conventional irrigation and fertilization mode enables soil moisture and fertility to be kept as shown by a conventional irrigation soil moisture curve (74) and a conventional fertilization fertility curve (82) in the figure.
The water and fertilizer requirements of different crops in different life cycles are different, the water and fertilizer requirements of the same crop in the whole life cycle are regularly and can be found, namely, the water content and the fertilizer of the soil are controlled in the most suitable interval according to the requirements of the crops within the field water-holding interval (75), so that the crops can eat and drink.
In the concrete implementation example of the disclosure, the designed water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system can perform unmanned intelligent operation of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated operation according to different fertigation and pesticide application strategies. Four modes are formulated for fertigation and pesticide application: firstly, relevant strategies are pre-set according to expert experience, and operators choose different strategies according to different crops; secondly, an operator builds a strategy according to the growth condition of specific crops in a planting area; thirdly, the system automatically generates strategies according to the collected information of crop growth vigor, plant diseases and insect pests, weather, soil and the like; fourth, the expert in the related field remotely judges and formulates the tactics on line according to the field situation.
In the specific implementation example of the disclosure, the designed intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system is not simple irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application equipment, and the data collected by the field information monitoring system is taken as the basis of intelligent decision of the water, fertilizer and pesticide, and is a sensing system of large equipment, such as 'eyes' and 'ears', for providing information for the equipment.
The system adopts a modularized design, and the filtering system, the irrigation system, the fertilization system, the pesticide application system and the mixing system are parts of a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system device, and are important parts of large equipment like 'limbs' of people.
In the specific implementation example of the present disclosure, there are three ways on the control system, firstly, field touch screen control is adopted; secondly, portable control is adopted by a mobile phone end; and secondly, cloud remote control is adopted.
In the invention, in judging and identifying, the system is provided with a camera high-definition camera (50) and an image acquisition control cabinet (51) which can monitor growth information and pest information of crops, judge and grade the crop by an image processing and pattern identifying technology, and transmit an original image and a processing result to a remote monitoring platform.
The intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system designed by the invention is not simple fertigation and pesticide application equipment, but is a nutrition and medical expert for healthy and rapid growth and driving protection of crops.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system is characterized by comprising a field information monitoring system, an irrigation system, a fertilization system, a pesticide application system, a mixing system and a remote monitoring platform;
the field information monitoring system comprises:
the high-definition camera is arranged at a proper position near the field and used for shooting information of crops in the field and transmitting the information to the image acquisition control cabinet;
The device comprises a wind speed sensor, a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor, a wind direction sensor, an evaporation sensor, a rainfall sensor and a shutter box, wherein a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil brilliant-Fender sensor, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged at positions close to the field and under the soil;
the irrigation system comprises:
The main irrigation pipeline is connected to the reservoir, an irrigation water pump is arranged at a position, close to the reservoir, of the main irrigation pipeline, the water pump pumps the reservoir out of the main irrigation pipeline, a main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge are further arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, the main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve controls whether water is conveyed or not, the pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of water in the main irrigation pipeline, a filter is arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, and the water is filtered and then utilized;
The fertilization system comprises:
A branch is arranged on a main pipe for irrigation and is a water injection pipeline, an emptying valve and a water injection electromagnetic valve are also arranged on the water injection pipeline, a large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are also arranged below the water injection pipeline, liquid level meters are respectively arranged on the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, the upper parts of the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through the first water injection electromagnetic valve, a first stirring motor is also arranged in the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and large amount of element fertilizer liquid, the upper parts of the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through a second water injection electromagnetic valve, a second stirring motor is also arranged in the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and trace element fertilizer liquid, and the fertilization electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged below the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, and are used for outputting the well-stirred water and fertilizer when the liquid fertilizer liquid pump is opened;
The delivery system includes:
The upper part of the liquid medicine tank is connected to a water injection pipeline through a third water injection electromagnetic valve, a third stirring motor is further arranged in the liquid medicine tank, a third liquid level meter is arranged on a liquid medicine tank barrel arm, and a liquid medicine application electromagnetic valve is further arranged below the liquid medicine tank;
the mixing system includes:
the device comprises a pressurizing motor, a mixing tank, a fourth stirring motor, a flow meter, a fourth liquid level meter, an EC sensor and a PH sensor, wherein the pressurizing motor is used for conveying mixed liquid in a fertilizing system or a pesticide applying system or a system with both of the fertilizing system and the pesticide applying system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurizing mode;
The remote monitoring platform comprises:
The central control room server is connected with the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet through wireless network cables and is in two-way communication;
the field information monitoring system is used for monitoring soil information in the field, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located and sending the information to the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet;
the irrigation system is used for introducing water in the reservoir into farmlands, and simultaneously irrigating the water and fertilizer liquid output by the fertilization system through the irrigation and fertilizer pipeline, and irrigating the liquid medicine output by the pesticide application system through the high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline or irrigating the mixed liquid output by the mixing system through the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline;
The fertilization system is used for respectively carrying out water and fertilizer mixing and stirring on the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid, and outputting the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid to the mixing system through respective corresponding battery valves;
The pesticide application system is used for mixing and stirring the pesticide liquid and water and conveying the stirred pesticide liquid and the water-fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer application system to the mixing system;
the mixing system respectively transmits the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine output by the fertilization system and the pesticide application system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurization mode, and then outputs the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine to the secondary mixing cavity for mixing through the outlet pipeline;
The irrigation system, the fertilization system, the pesticide application system and the mixing system are all connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet, and the work of each system is controlled by the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet;
The image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet are all connected to the remote monitoring platform, and the remote monitoring platform issues control commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet to work.
2. The intelligent and efficient integrated system for water, fertilizer and pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the sensor collects data and transmits the data to a collector in the parameter collection control cabinet, and the collector transmits the collected data to the field control cabinet of the integrated system for water, fertilizer and pesticide through the communication module.
3. The intelligent high-efficiency water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system according to claim 1, wherein a high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline and an irrigation and fertilizer application pipeline are respectively arranged at positions, close to crops, in the field, a branch manual valve is arranged on a public pipeline where the high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline and the irrigation and fertilizer application pipeline are arranged and is used for determining irrigation and fertilizer application or high-pressure atomization pesticide application, a pesticide application branch pipeline manual valve is also arranged on the high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline and is used for determining whether high-pressure atomization pesticide application is carried out, and a water and fertilizer branch pipeline manual valve is also arranged on the irrigation and fertilizer application pipeline and is used for determining whether irrigation and fertilizer application is carried out;
The position that is located the field and is close to the crop still is provided with liquid manure medicine integration pipeline, and this pipeline realizes liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously, is provided with liquid manure medicine lateral pipe pipeline manual valve on the liquid manure medicine integration pipeline for confirm whether carry out liquid manure medicine and applys simultaneously, above-mentioned manual valve also replaces the solenoid valve, is controlled by liquid manure medicine integration system site control cabinet.
4. The intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system according to claim 1, wherein the emptying valve, the electromagnetic valve and the stirring motor in the fertilizer application system are controlled by a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the liquid level meter transmits measured liquid level information to the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet for controlling the action condition of the electromagnetic valve by the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet.
5. The intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system according to claim 1, wherein the third stirring motor, the third liquid level meter, the pesticide application electromagnetic valve and the third water injection electromagnetic valve are all connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet controls the actions of various valves and the stirring motor to be started or stopped according to requirements.
6. The intelligent and efficient integrated system for water, fertilizer and pesticide as set forth in claim 1, wherein two branches are arranged at the lower part of the mixing tank, one branch is a fertilizer or pesticide outlet pipeline, a fertilizer pump and a fertilizer or pesticide outlet electromagnetic valve are arranged on the pipeline, the other branch is a fertilizer or pesticide inlet pipeline, a fertilizer or pesticide inlet pipeline electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, a secondary mixing cavity is arranged between the two pipelines, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged in the secondary mixing cavity and are used for measuring corresponding parameter values of mixed liquid in the secondary mixing cavity again, the two branches are connected to the pipeline where the secondary mixing cavity is located, and the pipeline where the secondary mixing cavity is located is communicated with an irrigation main pipeline, so that water filtered in the irrigation main pipeline is utilized for mixing during secondary irrigation;
In the mixing system, various sensors, electromagnetic valves, pumps, stirring motors and liquid level meters are all connected to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet, and the control cabinet controls the actions of the electromagnetic valves, pumps and stirring motors according to collected data.
7. The intelligent and efficient integrated system for water, fertilizer and medicine according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the on-site control cabinet of the integrated system for water, fertilizer and medicine transmit various obtained data to a central control room server, and the central control room server also issues commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the on-site control cabinet of the integrated system for water, fertilizer and medicine to execute corresponding actions; meanwhile, the central control room server is connected with the central control room display screen, relevant data are displayed, the central control room server is also connected with the portable intelligent terminal through the network transceiver, and the portable intelligent terminal also obtains various information or issues control instructions.
8. The working method based on the intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Monitoring soil information of fields, growth state information of crops and information of environments where the crops are located, and sending the information to an image acquisition control cabinet and a parameter acquisition control cabinet;
The image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet transmit the obtained information to a water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet, and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system on-site control cabinet controls an irrigation system, a fertilization system, a pesticide application system and a mixing system according to an irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application strategy;
The image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system field control cabinet are all connected to the remote monitoring platform;
the irrigation system is used for introducing water in the reservoir into farmlands, and simultaneously, the water and fertilizer liquid output by the fertilization system is irrigated through the irrigation and fertilizer pipeline, the liquid medicine output by the pesticide application system is irrigated through the high-pressure atomization pesticide application pipeline, or the mixed liquid output by the mixing system is irrigated through the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline;
the fertilizing system respectively mixes and stirs the water and the fertilizer with the major element fertilizer liquid and the trace element fertilizer liquid, and outputs the mixed liquid to the mixing system through the corresponding battery valves;
The pesticide application system is used for mixing and stirring the pesticide liquid and water and conveying the stirred pesticide liquid and the water-fertilizer liquid output by the fertilizer application system to the mixing system;
the mixing system respectively transmits the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine output by the fertilization system and the pesticide application system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurization mode, and then outputs the water and fertilizer liquid and the liquid medicine to the secondary mixing cavity for mixing through the outlet pipeline;
the field information monitoring system comprises:
the high-definition camera is arranged at a proper position near the field and used for shooting information of crops in the field and transmitting the information to the image acquisition control cabinet;
The device comprises a wind speed sensor, a radiation-illuminance-photosynthetic effective sensor, a wind direction sensor, an evaporation sensor, a rainfall sensor and a shutter box, wherein a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil brilliant-Fender sensor, an EC sensor and a PH sensor are arranged at positions close to the field and under the soil;
the irrigation system comprises:
The main irrigation pipeline is connected to the reservoir, an irrigation water pump is arranged at a position, close to the reservoir, of the main irrigation pipeline, the water pump pumps the reservoir out of the main irrigation pipeline, a main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge are further arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, the main pipeline water inlet electromagnetic valve controls whether water is conveyed or not, the pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of water in the main irrigation pipeline, a filter is arranged on the main irrigation pipeline, and the water is filtered and then utilized;
The fertilization system comprises:
A branch is arranged on a main pipe for irrigation and is a water injection pipeline, an emptying valve and a water injection electromagnetic valve are also arranged on the water injection pipeline, a large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are also arranged below the water injection pipeline, liquid level meters are respectively arranged on the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, the upper parts of the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through the first water injection electromagnetic valve, a first stirring motor is also arranged in the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and large amount of element fertilizer liquid, the upper parts of the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels are connected to the water injection pipeline through a second water injection electromagnetic valve, a second stirring motor is also arranged in the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels and is used for stirring water and trace element fertilizer liquid, and the fertilization electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged below the large amount of element fertilizer liquid barrels and the trace element fertilizer liquid barrels, and are used for outputting the well-stirred water and fertilizer when the liquid fertilizer liquid pump is opened;
The delivery system includes:
The upper part of the liquid medicine tank is connected to a water injection pipeline through a third water injection electromagnetic valve, a third stirring motor is further arranged in the liquid medicine tank, a third liquid level meter is arranged on a liquid medicine tank barrel arm, and a liquid medicine application electromagnetic valve is further arranged below the liquid medicine tank;
the mixing system includes:
the device comprises a pressurizing motor, a mixing tank, a fourth stirring motor, a flow meter, a fourth liquid level meter, an EC sensor and a PH sensor, wherein the pressurizing motor is used for conveying mixed liquid in a fertilizing system or a pesticide applying system or a system with both of the fertilizing system and the pesticide applying system to the mixing tank for mixing in a pressurizing mode;
The remote monitoring platform comprises:
The central control room server is connected with the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet, the image acquisition control cabinet and the parameter acquisition control cabinet through wireless network cables and is in two-way communication.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet are all connected to a remote monitoring platform, and the remote monitoring platform issues control commands to the image acquisition control cabinet, the parameter acquisition control cabinet and the water, fertilizer and medicine integrated system field control cabinet to work.
10. The working method of the intelligent and efficient water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system is characterized in that the formulation of the fertigation and pesticide application strategy is four modes: firstly, relevant strategies are pre-set according to expert experience, and operators choose different strategies according to different crops; secondly, an operator builds a strategy according to the growth condition of specific crops in a planting area; thirdly, the system automatically generates strategies according to the collected crop growth vigor, plant diseases and insect pests, weather and soil information; fourth, the expert in the related field remotely judges and formulates the tactics on line according to the field situation.
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