CN109346596B - Preparation device and method for annular thermoelectric device - Google Patents
Preparation device and method for annular thermoelectric device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109346596B CN109346596B CN201811056133.5A CN201811056133A CN109346596B CN 109346596 B CN109346596 B CN 109346596B CN 201811056133 A CN201811056133 A CN 201811056133A CN 109346596 B CN109346596 B CN 109346596B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation device of an annular thermoelectric device and a method for preparing the annular thermoelectric device, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a conveying cylinder, a forming cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder, wherein the conveying cylinder comprises a first piston pipe and a first piston column; an auxiliary cylinder second piston tube and a second piston post; the forming cylinder comprises: an induction heater surrounding the forming cylinder; and a cylindrical molding die sleeve which can freely slide relative to the molding cylinder; the first piston tube, the second piston tube and the forming die sleeve are all provided with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and the inner diameters of the first piston tube, the second piston tube and the forming die sleeve are the same as the diameters of the first piston column and the second piston column. According to the invention, the continuous and rapid preparation of the annular thermoelectric device can be realized without blowing out, the batch production can be efficiently realized, and the preparation efficiency of the annular thermoelectric device is improved. Meanwhile, the difficulty of demoulding of the large-size annular thermoelectric device is reduced, and the yield and the reliability of the product are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric conversion, and particularly relates to a preparation device of an annular thermoelectric device and a method for preparing the annular thermoelectric device.
Background
As an environmentally friendly renewable energy technology, the thermoelectric conversion technology has attracted much attention internationally in recent years. The thermoelectric power generation technology directly converts heat energy and electric energy into each other by utilizing the Seebeck effect of a semiconductor material, has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high reliability, long service life, no pollution, no noise and the like, has the characteristics of wide application temperature range, capability of effectively utilizing low-density energy and the like, and has good application prospect in high and new technical fields such as recycling of industrial waste heat and automobile exhaust waste heat, high-precision temperature control devices, military power supplies and the like.
A thermoelectric device is often composed of a plurality of N-type and P-type semiconductor thermoelectric elements. Since the output voltage of each thermoelectric element is low, in order to obtain a higher voltage for practical use, an N-type thermoelectric element and a P-type thermoelectric element are usually connected by metal or alloy electrodes to form a thermoelectric single couple, and then a plurality of thermoelectric single couples are connected in an electrically-conductive series-conductive parallel-connected structure to form a thermoelectric device. The major thermoelectric devices at present are constructed in a pi configuration.
As a conventional thermoelectric material, Bi2Te3Both the base thermal low-temperature thermoelectric material and the SiGe base high-temperature thermoelectric material are well applied, and the novel high-performance thermoelectric material which is represented by filled skutterudite and half-heusler alloy and can be applied to intermediate temperature is widely concerned by researchers due to good application prospect. At present, researches on filled skutterudite are more focused on the development of thermoelectric devices, and particularly, the structure of the filled skutterudite-based thermoelectric device is optimized to realize higher conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric device.
Therefore, many patent documents are reported on the technology for preparing pi-shaped structure filled skutterudite-based thermoelectric devices, for example, see the prior patent documents US6005182, US6759586, US6563039, CN1585145, US6005182, US2002/0024154, US6759586, US2008/0023057, US2006/0017170, US6563039, CN101447548, JP11195817, and the like.
In such a structure, the heat source may generally take two forms, one is a flat plate-shaped heat source, i.e., a heat flow direction perpendicular to the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the two parallel thermoelectric devices, and the other is a columnar heat source, in which the difficulty in manufacturing a pi-shaped thermoelectric power generation module matched with the columnar heat source is greatly increased. For such a cylindrical heat source, it is more reasonable to use a thermoelectric device of annular configuration. This structure can greatly reduce heat loss, and maximize the utilization of heat conducted by the columnar heat source, thereby improving heat utilization efficiency.
Although the concept of the ring-shaped thermoelectric power generation device has been born for many years, research on the thermoelectric device having the ring-shaped configuration is still in the beginning, and currently, few international studies on the ring-shaped-configuration thermoelectric device which is closely related to practical applications are reported. Such as Bi published by Gao et al2Te3The manufacturing process of the Ring-shaped thermoelectric module (M. tall and D.M. Rovie, Ring-structured thermoelectric module, semiconductor. Sci. Technol. (2007) 22: page 880-883) is complicated.
For the preparation of the filled skutterudite-based annular structure thermoelectric device, other patents except the published patents (CN 201410039382, CN201410626099 and CN 201410626515) are less. The preparation is mainly realized by the shape of a mould and intermittent sintering, the advantages of the device are not well reflected, and similar to the processes of other common pi-shaped devices, samples can be taken out only after a sintering furnace is cooled after sintering, so that the preparation efficiency is influenced, continuous preparation cannot be carried out, and meanwhile, the demoulding difficulty is caused because thermoelectric materials and a central rod are different materials after cooling, particularly, the demoulding of large-size annular thermoelectric device products is more difficult, and the yield and the reliability of the products are greatly influenced.
Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop an efficient and reliable apparatus for manufacturing an annular thermoelectric device and a method for manufacturing an annular thermoelectric device using the same, so as to achieve mass, rapid and reliable manufacturing and production of the annular thermoelectric device, thereby promoting real market application thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
in view of the above problems, the present invention provides an efficient and reliable manufacturing apparatus for a ring-shaped thermoelectric device suitable for mass production and a method for manufacturing the ring-shaped thermoelectric device.
Means for solving the problems:
in order to solve the above technical problem, the apparatus for manufacturing an annular thermoelectric device according to the present invention includes: the forming cylinder is positioned between the conveying cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder, the conveying cylinder, the forming cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are hollow straight cylinders, the interiors of the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are mutually communicated on a straight line in a concentric shaft mode,
the delivery cartridge includes:
a cylindrical first piston tube which is provided inside the transfer cylinder and is capable of sliding coaxially with the transfer cylinder; and
a first piston rod which is arranged in the first piston tube and can freely slide coaxially relative to the first piston tube;
the auxiliary cartridge comprises:
the second piston tube is provided in the auxiliary cylinder and is in a cylindrical shape which is coaxially and freely slidable with respect to the auxiliary cylinder; the second piston column is arranged in the second piston tube and can freely slide coaxially relative to the second piston tube;
the forming cylinder comprises:
an induction heater surrounding the exterior of the forming cylinder; and
a cylindrical molding die sleeve which can freely slide relative to the molding cylinder;
the first piston tube, the second piston tube and the forming die sleeve are all provided with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and the inner diameters of the first piston tube, the second piston tube and the forming die sleeve are the same as the diameters of the first piston column and the second piston column.
According to the invention, by forming a simple and easy-to-operate structure, a sample can be taken out without cooling a sintering furnace, continuous and rapid preparation of the annular thermoelectric device can be realized without stopping the furnace, batch production can be efficiently realized, and the preparation efficiency of the annular thermoelectric device is improved. Meanwhile, the extrusion demoulding is carried out at high temperature, so that the disadvantage that demoulding is difficult due to the fact that the thermoelectric material and the central rod are different materials after cooling is avoided, the demoulding difficulty of large-size annular thermoelectric devices is particularly reduced, and the yield and the reliability of products are improved.
In the present invention, the transfer cylinder may further include: a first pressure rod connected to an end of the first piston tube remote from the forming cylinder; a first motor connected with one end part of the first piston column far away from the forming cylinder; the first conveying bin is used for storing and conveying the flow guide electrode and the high-temperature-resistant low-heat-conductivity insulating material; and a first feedstock bin for storing and transporting feedstock; the auxiliary cartridge further comprises: a second pressure rod connected to an end of the second piston tube remote from the forming cylinder; a second motor connected with one end part of the second piston column far away from the forming cylinder; the second conveying bin is used for storing and conveying the diversion electrode and the high-temperature-resistant low-heat-conductivity insulating material; and a second material silo for storing and transporting material.
According to the invention, the sintering pressure in the preparation process of the annular thermoelectric device and the extrusion force in the demolding process are realized by controlling the piston tube through the pressure rod; the motor is used for controlling the extension and the movement of the piston column; the charging of thermoelectric powder, the charging of electrode materials, the loading of sintering pressure and the automation of the demolding process of the annular thermoelectric device in the preparation process of the thermoelectric device can be realized through the matching of all parts, so that the preparation process can be continuously carried out and the yield of the annular thermoelectric device is improved. .
In the present invention, the first piston column may be provided with a first positioning groove having an annular guide electrode connected to the first and second transport chambers; and a second positioning groove of an annular flow guide electrode connected with the first conveying bin and the second conveying bin is formed in the forming die sleeve.
According to the invention, the preparation of the guide electrode can be realized while the thermoelectric material is sintered, and the preparation of the guide electrode after the annular material is sintered is not needed, so that the preparation process of the guide electrode is simplified and the preparation difficulty of the guide electrode is reduced.
In the present invention, sealing rings for vacuum sealing the inside of the chamber may be provided between the transfer cylinder and the first piston tube inside the transfer cylinder and between the first piston tube and the first piston column; and sealing rings for vacuum sealing in the cavity are respectively arranged between the auxiliary cylinder and the second piston tube and between the second piston tube and the second piston column.
According to the invention, the annular thermoelectric device is ensured not to be oxidized in the preparation process by sealing each part of the device, and meanwhile, the demolding of the sintered annular thermoelectric device is not required to be carried out after the temperature is reduced to be close to the room temperature, so that the preparation of a plurality of annular thermoelectric devices can be continuously carried out.
In the invention, the conveying cylinder is also provided with a vacuum interface which can be vacuumized and filled with protective atmosphere; and the auxiliary barrel is also provided with a storage bin for storing the prepared annular thermoelectric device.
According to the invention, the vacuum interface can provide a vacuum environment or protective atmosphere inside the device, and the vacuum or protective atmosphere can be combined with the containing bin to improve the protection of the annular thermoelectric device demoulded at high temperature.
In the present invention, partition plates may be provided in the first and second raw material silos, and P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw materials may be simultaneously or separately placed in spaces on both sides partitioned by the partition plates.
According to the invention, the partition plates are arranged in the raw material bin, so that the preparation of a single annular thermoelectric element can be realized, and the synchronous preparation of an annular thermoelectric device group formed by alternately and serially connecting a plurality of P, N annular thermoelectric devices can be realized.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the annular thermoelectric device by using the preparation device, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) a filling stage:
the first piston column is positioned in the first piston tube and the second piston tube at the same time, the first piston tube and the second piston tube are driven to synchronously move to a specified position towards the conveying cylinder, and a diversion electrode and a thermoelectric raw material are introduced by adjusting the first piston tube and the second piston tube, and the vacuum pumping is carried out; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the first piston column is positioned in the first piston tube and the second piston tube at the same time, the first piston column, the first piston tube and the second piston tube are driven to synchronously move to a specified position, a diversion electrode and a thermoelectric raw material are introduced by adjusting the first piston tube and the second piston tube, and the vacuum pumping is carried out;
and (3) sintering stage:
driving the first piston tube, the first piston column and the second piston tube to synchronously move towards the forming cylinder, heating to a sintering temperature and pressurizing to a sintering pressure after reaching a specified position until the thermoelectric raw material is densified to form the annular thermoelectric device;
and (3) demolding:
and reducing the pressure on the second piston tube until the second piston tube is in contact with the sintered thermoelectric device but has no pressure, then synchronously moving the first piston tube and the second piston tube towards the direction of the storage bin, reversely moving the first piston column or keeping the first piston column static, and returning each part to the initial state after the annular thermoelectric device is cooled to the specified temperature and enters the storage bin.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the annular thermoelectric device comprises the steps of feeding the thermoelectric material, the flow guide electrode and the high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material into the conveying part or the auxiliary part, heating and pressure sintering the annular thermoelectric device in the forming part, extruding the sintered annular device from the forming die sleeve through the piston pipe at the plastic deformation temperature of the thermoelectric material and entering the auxiliary pipe, thereby realizing the extrusion forming preparation of the annular thermoelectric device, repeating the steps to realize the continuous and rapid preparation of the annular thermoelectric device without stopping the furnace, improving the yield of the annular thermoelectric device and the preparation efficiency of the device, being convenient to operate and easy to popularize.
In the present invention, the inside of the production apparatus may be evacuated and filled with a protective atmosphere through the vacuum port; controlling the sintering temperature by an induction heater; controlling a sintering pressure through the first piston tube and the second piston tube.
According to the invention, the sample is vacuumized and filled with protective atmosphere, so that the sample can be formed under vacuum or protective atmosphere. The sintered annular device is extruded from the forming die sleeve through the piston pipe and enters the auxiliary pipe at the temperature of the plastic deformation of the thermoelectric material, so that the annular thermoelectric device is guaranteed to be conveniently, quickly and smoothly demoulded without being damaged, and the preparation efficiency and the yield are improved.
In the present invention, the high-temperature end and low-temperature end annular guide electrodes required for molding the annular thermoelectric device may be formed by preparing barrier layers on surfaces of electrodes in contact with thermoelectric raw materials; and release agents such as boron nitride or graphite for demolding and the like are coated on the inner surface of the annular flow guide electrode arranged in the first positioning groove and the outer surface of the annular flow guide electrode arranged in the second positioning groove.
According to the present invention, the barrier layer prevents adverse effects on the thermoelectric device due to diffusion between the thermoelectric material and the current-guiding electrode; the release agent reduces the friction force and ensures that the sintered annular thermoelectric device can be smoothly released in the releasing process.
In the present invention, when a ring-shaped thermoelectric device in which a pi-type device or a plurality of P-type and N-type devices are alternately arranged and interconnected is to be manufactured, the filler may be filled from the auxiliary cylinder in addition to the transfer cylinder in the filling stage; when filling, a high-temperature end diversion electrode with the length required by a pi-type device, a low-temperature end diversion electrode with the length required by an N-type or P-type thermoelectric element, N-type or P-type thermoelectric raw material powder, a high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material, P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw material powder, a low-temperature end diversion electrode with the length required by the N-type or P-type thermoelectric element, and a high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material are sequentially placed from the second conveying bin and the second raw material bin, and then the diversion electrode, the thermoelectric raw materials and the high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material. According to the invention, various annular thermoelectric devices can be efficiently, conveniently, flexibly and flexibly prepared.
The invention has the following effects:
therefore, the preparation device and the preparation method of the annular thermoelectric device are efficient, reliable and suitable for batch production. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus of a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thermoelectric device according to the present invention after a guide electrode is installed in a manufacturing apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a configuration of a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention after charging a thermoelectric material and sintering under heat and pressure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an extrusion process after sintering of a thermoelectric device in a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the thermoelectric device after complete extrusion and demolding in a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention for manufacturing a thermoelectric device formed by alternately arranging and interconnecting a plurality of P/N type ring-shaped thermoelectric devices;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the thermoelectric device shown in FIG. 6;
description of the symbols:
1 conveying cylinder
2 first piston tube
3 first piston column
4 first pressure bar
5 first electric machine
6a, 6b transport bin
7a, 7b raw material bin
8 vacuum interface
9 Forming tube
10 induction heater
11 forming die sleeve
12 auxiliary cylinder
13 storage bin
14 second piston tube
15 second piston post
16 second pressure bar
17 second electric machine
18 first positioning groove
19 second positioning groove
20 forming cavity
21 sealing ring
22 thermoelectric device
23a, 23b guide electrode
24 high temperature resistant low thermal conductivity insulating material
And D, preparing a device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the drawings and the following embodiments are illustrative of the invention only and are not limiting. The same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same components in the respective drawings, and redundant description is omitted. Further, the conveying cylinder side is defined as the left side of the apparatus and the auxiliary cylinder side is defined as the right side of the apparatus for the sake of simplifying the description, but the present invention is by no means limited thereto.
The invention provides a device for preparing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device by extrusion molding and a method for preparing the ring-shaped thermoelectric device by using the device, and FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for preparing the ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to the invention. As shown in fig. 1, a manufacturing apparatus for a ring-shaped thermoelectric device (hereinafter referred to as a manufacturing apparatus D) according to the present invention includes three parts, which are a raw material feeding part constituted by a feeding cylinder 1, a molding part constituted by a molding cylinder 9, and an auxiliary part constituted by an auxiliary cylinder 12. The forming cylinder 9 is located between the delivery cylinder 1 and the auxiliary cylinder 12. The conveying cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 9 and the auxiliary cylinder 12 are coaxially communicated with each other in a straight line, and the inner diameters of the communicated parts of the conveying cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 9 and the auxiliary cylinder are the same.
Specifically, the delivery cylinder 1 is a hollow straight cylinder, and includes: a cylindrical first piston tube 2 provided inside the transfer cylinder 1 and capable of sliding coaxially with the transfer cylinder 1; a first piston rod 3 which is provided inside the first piston tube 2 and is capable of freely sliding coaxially with respect to the first piston tube 2; a first pressure rod 4 connected to an end portion of the first piston tube 2 remote from the forming cylinder 9 (i.e., a left side portion of the first piston tube 2); a first motor 5 connected with one end of the first piston column 3 far away from the forming cylinder 9; a conveying bin 6a for storing and conveying the guide electrode; and a raw material silo 7a for storing and transporting raw materials. Sealing rings (not shown) for vacuum sealing the inside of the chamber are provided between the transfer cylinder 1 and the first piston tube 2 inside the transfer cylinder, and between the first piston tube 2 and the first piston column 3.
The forming cylinder 9 is a hollow straight cylinder, is connected with the conveying cylinder 1, is communicated with the inside, and comprises an induction heater 10 surrounding the outside of the forming cylinder 9 and a cylindrical forming die sleeve 11 capable of freely sliding relative to the forming cylinder 9. Furthermore, the first piston column 3 is formed with a first positioning groove 18 for receiving the annular guide electrode introduced from the feed chamber 6a, 6 b. A second positioning groove 19 for placing the annular flow guide electrode connected from the conveying bins 6a and 6b is formed in the forming die sleeve 11. Specifically, a first positioning groove 18 is located at the end of the first piston rod 3 on the side close to the forming cylinder 9, and a second positioning groove 19 is located inside the forming die sleeve 11, both of which are used for placing a current-guiding electrode of the thermoelectric device 22. The first positioning groove 18 and the second positioning groove 19 are used for positioning the position of the current-conducting electrode and determining the required outer diameter and inner diameter of the annular thermoelectric device together with the current-conducting electrode.
The auxiliary cylinder 12 is a hollow straight cylinder shape, is connected with the forming cylinder 9 and is internally communicated with the forming cylinder, and comprises: a cylindrical second piston tube 14 provided inside the auxiliary cylinder 12 and capable of sliding coaxially with the auxiliary cylinder 12; a second piston rod 15 provided inside the second piston tube 14 and capable of freely sliding coaxially with respect to the second piston tube 14; a second pressure rod 16 connected to an end portion of the second piston tube 14 remote from the forming cylinder 9 (i.e., a right side portion of the second piston tube 14); a second motor 17 connected to an end of the second piston rod 15 remote from the forming cylinder 9; a conveying bin 6b for storing and conveying the guide electrode; and a raw material silo 7b for storing and transporting raw materials. Further, seal rings 21 for vacuum sealing the inside of the chamber are provided between the auxiliary cylinder 12 and the second piston tube 14 and between the second piston tube 14 and the second piston post 15, respectively.
The inner spaces of the conveying cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 9 and the auxiliary cylinder 12 can be vacuumized through the vacuum interface 8 and can be filled with protective atmosphere, so that the sample can be formed under vacuum or protective atmosphere. In the present embodiment, the transfer cylinder 1 is provided with the vacuum port 8, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The manufacturing apparatus D is further provided with a storage chamber 13 for storing the manufactured thermoelectric device 22, and in the present embodiment, the storage chamber is provided in the auxiliary cylinder 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be provided in the transport cylinder 1 or the like. Partition plates may be provided in the raw material bins 7a and 7b, and P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw materials may be simultaneously or separately placed in the spaces on both sides partitioned by the partition plates, thereby realizing flexible and diversified production of the components. Further, by providing the first pressure rod 4 and the second pressure rod 16, it is possible to transmit pressure to the first and second piston pipes 2 and 14 and to easily replace the piston pipes and the piston columns in terms of dimensions.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the manufacturing apparatus D of the present invention after the guide electrodes of the thermoelectric device 22 are installed, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the manufacturing apparatus D of the present invention after the thermoelectric material is installed and sintered by heating and pressurizing, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the extrusion process of the thermoelectric device 22 after sintering in the manufacturing apparatus D of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the thermoelectric device 22 after the thermoelectric device 22 is completely extruded and demolded in the manufacturing apparatus D of the present invention.
The P-type or N-type thermoelectric single couple 22 with electrodes can be prepared by the above-mentioned preparation apparatus D, and the preparation method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The conveying cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 9 and the auxiliary cylinder 12 are communicated with each other to form a space in which the first and second piston pipes 2 and 14 can freely slide. The first piston rod 3 in the transfer cylinder 1 is free to slide inside the first piston tube 2, so that it can provide sintering pressure during molding and extrusion of the thermoelectric annular sample. The second piston post 15 in the auxiliary cylinder 12 is free to slide inside the second piston tube 14, thereby providing sintering pressure and assisting in the extrusion of the thermoelectric annular sample during molding.
As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the first piston tube 2 and the second piston tube 14 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, the first piston tube 2 and the first piston post 3 are positioned inside the transfer cylinder 1 in an overlapping manner, and one end of the first piston post 3 slides into the second piston tube 14, so that the first piston tube 2, the first piston post 3, and the second piston tube 14 together form a cylindrical closed space, i.e., a molding chamber 20. The second piston rod 15 can now be located anywhere inside the auxiliary cylinder 12, as long as the movement of the first piston rod 3 inside the second piston tube 14 is not affected.
First, the first motor 5 is driven, the first piston tube 2 is driven to move to the left side by the first pressure rod 4, the second motor 17 is driven, the second piston tube 14 is driven by the second pressure rod 16 to be pushed into the forming die sleeve 11 and move to the left side synchronously, so that the first piston column 3 enters the second piston tube 14, the two piston tubes 2 and 14 move synchronously until the position is closer to the left side than the raw material bin 7a, and at the moment, the first piston column 3 can be kept still or move slowly in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the two piston tubes 2 and 14. As shown in fig. 2, the ring-shaped current-guiding electrodes 23a and 23b at the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end required for molding the ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 are respectively fed into the first positioning groove 18 of the first piston rod 3 and the second positioning groove 19 of the molding die sleeve 11 through the conveying bins 6a and 6 b.
At this time, a powder of P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw material (hereinafter, collectively referred to as thermoelectric raw material, when not distinguished) necessary for molding the ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 is charged into the molding die 11 through the raw material silo 7a and uniformly charged, and then the first motor 5 is driven to move the first piston tube 2 to the right side, and the second motor 17 is driven to move the second piston tube 14 to the right side simultaneously, thereby pushing the molding die 11 charged with the thermoelectric raw material to move to the molding barrel 9. When the position is fixed, the first piston column 3 is still fixed, the second piston tube 14 and the first piston tube 2 apply certain pressure on the thermoelectric raw materials in the forming die sleeve 11, the vacuum interface 8 is opened to vacuumize the interior of the preparation device D, the thermoelectric raw materials among the three (namely in the cavity 20) are extruded, meanwhile, the heating is started to reach the sintering temperature through the induction heater 10 of the forming cylinder 9, and the pressurization is continued until the densification of the thermoelectric raw materials is achieved.
In addition to the filling through the raw material bin 7a, the filling may also be performed through the raw material bin 7b in this embodiment, specifically, from the initial state, the first piston rod 3, the first piston tube 2, and the second piston tube 14 are synchronously moved to the inner auxiliary cylinder 12 to the right side of the raw material bin 7b, the guide electrodes in the conveying bins 6a and 6b are respectively conveyed to the first positioning groove 18 and the second positioning groove 19 by adjusting the first piston tube 2 and the second piston tube 14, the thermoelectric material is conveyed to the forming die sleeve 11 through the raw material bin 7b, and the thermoelectric material is uniformly filled and then moved to the forming cylinder 9.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the sintering temperature of the ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 can be controlled by the induction heater 10, and the sintering pressure can be controlled by the pressures applied by the first and second pressure rods 4 and 16 to the first piston tube 2 in the transfer cylinder 1 and the second piston tube 14 in the auxiliary cylinder 12. After sintering, demolding is performed through the auxiliary cylinder 12.
As shown in fig. 4, when the thermoelectric device 22 starts to move out of the molding cylinder 9, the pressure on the second piston tube 14 is reduced, and then the first piston tube 2 inside the transfer cylinder 1 and the second piston tube 15 inside the auxiliary cylinder 12 move together in synchronization in the direction of the storage chamber 13, i.e., to the right side in the present embodiment. The extrusion molding of the ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 should be performed at a high temperature at which the sintered ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 is still plastically deformable, and compared with the case where the cooled demolded thermoelectric material and the molding apparatus are greatly constrained due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the material, the restriction between the thermoelectric device and the molding apparatus is relatively small at the high temperature at which the sintered ring-shaped thermoelectric device is plastically deformable, so that the demolding is easier and the damage of the thermoelectric device due to the stress during the demolding process is reduced. During extrusion, the second piston tube 14 should be held in contact with the thermoelectric device 22 without pressure to move synchronously to prevent damage to the device. At this time, the first piston rod 3 may be moved toward the transfer cylinder 1 (i.e., moved in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the two piston tubes 2 and 14) or may be kept stationary, whereby the first piston tube 2 separates the thermoelectric device 22 in the molding cavity 20 from the inner first piston rod 3 to complete extrusion molding.
As shown in fig. 5, after extrusion molding, the first piston tube 2 and the second piston tube 15 are moved to the storage compartment 13 in synchronization, and the thermoelectric device 22 sandwiched therebetween is cooled to a temperature lower than the plastic deformation temperature of the thermoelectric material in the auxiliary cylinder 12, and then comes out of contact with the first piston tube 2 and the second piston tube 14, and enters the storage compartment 13. After the mold is released, the respective members are returned to their respective initial positions, and the initial state is restored, and the next ring-shaped thermoelectric device 22 is prepared. The extruded thermoelectric device 22 is continuously cooled in the storage compartment 13, and after complete cooling, the prepared thermoelectric device 22 is taken out from the storage compartment 13. The above steps are repeated to achieve continuous fabrication of the thermoelectric device 22.
Further, the high-temperature-end and low-temperature-end annular current-guiding electrodes 23a and 23b required for molding the annular thermoelectric device 22 are formed as barrier layers (not shown) on the surfaces of the electrodes in contact with the thermoelectric material. The inner surface of the annular guide electrode 23b disposed in the first positioning groove 18 of the first piston rod 3 and the annular guide electrode disposed in the second positioning groove 19 of the forming die sleeve 11
The outer surface of 23a is coated with a release agent such as boron nitride or graphite for releasing.
In addition, since the auxiliary cylinder 12 is also provided with the conveying bin 6b and the raw material bin 7b, the thermoelectric raw material, the powder of the current-guiding electrodes 23a and 23b, and the high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material 24 can be added from the raw material bin 7b and the conveying bin 6b on the auxiliary cylinder 12. In other words, when the raw material is added through the transfer bin 6b and the raw material bin 7b of the auxiliary cylinder 12, the auxiliary cylinder 12 can be regarded as the transfer cylinder 1, and the operations related to the filling, sintering, and mold release described above are performed symmetrically, and the transfer cylinder 1 at this time functions as the auxiliary cylinder 12.
The continuous fabrication of a pi-type device, or a plurality of P-type and N-type devices alternately interconnected thermoelectric device 22 is described in detail below. The basic method for fabricating a pi-type device or fabricating a thermoelectric device 22 with a plurality of P-type and N-type devices alternately arranged and interconnected by the fabricating apparatus D of the present invention is similar to the foregoing thermoelectric device 22 for fabricating a P-type or N-type thermocouple with an electrode, and thus only the differences will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, a diversion electrode 23a with a length required by the high temperature end of pi-type device and a diversion electrode 23b with a length required by the low temperature end of N-type (or P-type) element are sequentially placed from a conveying bin 6b, then N-type (or P-type) thermoelectric raw material powder is placed from a raw material bin 7b and preliminarily pressed, then an annular high temperature resistant low thermal conductivity insulating material 24 with the same outer diameter and inner diameter as those of the high temperature diversion electrode end is placed from the conveying bin 6b, and further P-type (or N-type) thermoelectric raw material powder is placed on the other side of the high temperature insulating material and preliminarily pressed, so that a device can be formed, if a high temperature resistant low thermal conductivity insulating material 24 is added on the other side of the P-type (pi-type) thermoelectric raw material powder, the above steps are repeated, and the diversion electrodes 23a are sequentially placed, 23b, thermoelectric raw materials and a high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material 24, so that a plurality of thermoelectric devices which are alternately arranged and interconnected with the P-type devices and the N-type devices can be formed by repeating the steps, and then the thermoelectric device 22 of the thermoelectric single couple is prepared by repeating the steps, so that the preparation steps of the thermoelectric device which is alternately arranged and interconnected with the pi-type devices or the P-type devices and the N-type devices can be realized.
Then, the same process steps as those for preparing the thermoelectric device 22 of the thermoelectric single couple are used to realize the preparation of the thermoelectric device in which the pi-type device and the plurality of P-type and N-type devices are alternately arranged and interconnected. Fig. 7 shows the thermoelectric device 22 prepared according to the above-described steps of the present embodiment.
According to the invention, the thermoelectric device 22 is prepared by feeding the thermoelectric raw material, the guide electrodes 23a and 23b and the high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material 24 into the conveying cylinder 1, heating and pressure sintering are carried out on the annular thermoelectric device 22 in the forming cylinder 9, the sintered annular device 22 is extruded from the forming cylinder 9 and enters the auxiliary cylinder 12 at the temperature of plastic deformation of the thermoelectric raw material, so that the extrusion forming preparation of the annular thermoelectric device 22 is realized, the continuous and rapid preparation of the annular thermoelectric device 22 can be realized by repeating the steps without stopping the furnace, the yield of the annular thermoelectric device and the preparation efficiency of the device are improved, and the preparation device and the preparation method of the annular thermoelectric device are efficient, reliable and suitable for batch production.
The above embodiments are intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A preparation device of a ring-shaped thermoelectric device comprises: the forming cylinder is positioned between the conveying cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder, the conveying cylinder, the forming cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are hollow straight cylinders, the interiors of the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are mutually communicated on a straight line in a concentric shaft mode,
the delivery cartridge includes:
a cylindrical first piston tube which is provided inside the transfer cylinder and is capable of sliding coaxially with the transfer cylinder; and
a first piston rod which is arranged in the first piston tube and can freely slide coaxially relative to the first piston tube;
the auxiliary cartridge comprises:
a cylindrical second piston tube provided inside the auxiliary cylinder and capable of sliding coaxially with the auxiliary cylinder; a second piston rod which is arranged in the second piston tube and can freely slide coaxially relative to the second piston tube;
the forming cylinder comprises:
an induction heater surrounding the exterior of the forming cylinder; and
a cylindrical molding die sleeve which can freely slide relative to the molding cylinder;
wherein the outer diameters of the first piston tube and the second piston tube are the same as the inner diameter of the forming die sleeve, and the inner diameters of the first piston tube and the second piston tube are the same as the diameters of the first piston column and the second piston column.
2. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 1,
the delivery cartridge further comprises:
a first pressure rod connected to an end of the first piston tube remote from the forming cylinder;
a first motor connected with one end part of the first piston column far away from the forming cylinder;
the first conveying bin is used for storing and conveying the flow guide electrode and the high-temperature-resistant low-heat-conductivity insulating material; and
a first feedstock storage bin for storing and transporting feedstock;
the auxiliary cartridge further comprises:
a second pressure rod connected to an end of the second piston tube remote from the forming cylinder;
a second motor connected with one end part of the second piston column far away from the forming cylinder;
the second conveying bin is used for storing and conveying the diversion electrode and the high-temperature-resistant low-heat-conductivity insulating material; and
a second material silo for storing and transporting material.
3. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 2,
a first positioning groove of an annular flow guide electrode connected with the first conveying bin and the second conveying bin is formed on the first piston column;
and a second positioning groove of an annular flow guide electrode connected with the first conveying bin and the second conveying bin is formed in the forming die sleeve.
4. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 1,
sealing rings for vacuum sealing in the cavity are respectively arranged between the conveying cylinder and the first piston pipe in the conveying cylinder and between the first piston pipe and the first piston column;
and sealing rings for vacuum sealing in the cavity are respectively arranged between the auxiliary cylinder and the second piston tube and between the second piston tube and the second piston column.
5. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 1,
the conveying cylinder is also provided with a vacuum interface which can be vacuumized and filled with protective atmosphere;
and the auxiliary barrel is also provided with a storage bin for storing the prepared annular thermoelectric device.
6. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 2,
the first raw material bin and the second raw material bin are internally provided with partition plates, and P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw materials can be simultaneously placed in spaces on two sides partitioned by the partition plates, or the P-type thermoelectric raw materials and the N-type thermoelectric raw materials are respectively placed in the spaces.
7. A method of manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device using the manufacturing apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
and (3) a filling stage:
the first piston column is positioned in the first piston tube and the second piston tube at the same time, the first piston tube and the second piston tube are driven to synchronously move to a specified position towards the conveying cylinder, and a diversion electrode and a thermoelectric raw material are introduced by adjusting the first piston tube and the second piston tube, and the vacuum pumping is carried out;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the first piston column is positioned in the first piston tube and the second piston tube at the same time, the first piston column, the first piston tube and the second piston tube are driven to synchronously move to a specified position, a diversion electrode and a thermoelectric raw material are introduced by adjusting the first piston tube and the second piston tube, and the vacuum pumping is carried out;
and (3) sintering stage:
driving the first piston tube, the first piston column and the second piston tube to synchronously move towards the forming cylinder, heating to a sintering temperature and pressurizing to a sintering pressure after reaching a specified position until the thermoelectric raw material is densified to form the annular thermoelectric device;
and (3) demolding:
and reducing the pressure on the second piston tube until the second piston tube is in contact with the sintered thermoelectric device but has no pressure, then synchronously moving the first piston tube and the second piston tube towards the direction of the storage bin, reversely moving the first piston column or keeping the first piston column static, and returning each part to the initial state after the annular thermoelectric device is cooled to the specified temperature and enters the storage bin.
8. The method of manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 7,
vacuumizing the interior of the preparation device through the vacuum interface and filling protective atmosphere;
controlling the sintering temperature by an induction heater;
controlling a sintering pressure through the first piston tube and the second piston tube.
9. The method of manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 7,
barrier layers are prepared between the thermoelectric raw materials and the annular guide electrodes at the high temperature end and the low temperature end required by the molding of the annular thermoelectric device;
and the inner surface of the annular flow guide electrode arranged in the first positioning groove and the outer surface of the annular flow guide electrode arranged in the second positioning groove are coated with a release agent for demolding.
10. The method of manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 9,
the release agent comprises boron nitride or graphite.
11. The method of manufacturing a ring-shaped thermoelectric device according to claim 7,
when a pi-type device or a plurality of annular thermoelectric devices which are alternately arranged and interconnected with a P-type device and an N-type device are prepared, the auxiliary cylinder can be filled from the outside of the conveying cylinder in the filling stage;
when filling materials, a high-temperature end diversion electrode with the length required by a pi-type device, a low-temperature end diversion electrode with the length required by an N-type or P-type thermoelectric element, N-type or P-type thermoelectric raw material powder, a high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material, P-type or N-type thermoelectric raw material powder and a high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material are sequentially placed from the second conveying bin and the second raw material bin, and then the diversion electrode, the thermoelectric raw materials and the high-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity insulating material are sequentially placed by repeating the steps.
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