A kind of production method and preparation facilities of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation method of metal tube, be specifically related to a kind of production method and preparation facilities of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe.
Background technology
Extrusion casint forms seamless tubular goods at a new material processing technique of 20 century 70s invention, it is that liquid metal is solidified and moulding under higher mechanical pressure, obtain the process of seamless tubular goods, the mould of this processing technology adopts the one-level squeezing needle, the section of the seamless tubular goods that forms by this one-level squeezing needle is invariable, be that girth, wall thickness are consistent, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Need to adopt the pipe fitting of profiles with changing section at special dimensions such as machine-building, oil, the energy, oceans, this pipe fitting can optimizing structure design, makes more firm that their connect, but prior art can not implementation phase becomes the production of section pipe fitting.Can implementation phase tapered only have section bar, and existing changing section profiles can only become the section bar of end face the production two-stage stage, this section bar is by the replacing of mould, and the section bar of two parts different section is welded at section counterpart place, and existing stage section section bar only has simple tens kinds, for example: Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of production method and preparation facilities of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, becomes the production of section seamless pipe by this device and the method implementation phase.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of production method of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe comprises mould and die preheating, aluminium alloy cast ingot preheating and pressing steps, it is characterized in that: described mould adopts the multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, and described pressing steps is as follows:
Pressing steps 1: by the reach of squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, the first order of multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle diameter maximum is brought in the middle of the work band of extrusion die first, utilize the extrusion axis control system to begin extruding, aluminium alloy cast ingot after this position preheating first order by multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle diameter maximum under the extruding force effect forms the thin body of wall, after the thin body length of wall reaches designing requirement;
Pressing steps 2: be retracted into the second level by squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, driving the second level enters in the middle of the work band of extrusion die, utilize the extrusion axis control system to begin extruding, aluminium alloy cast ingot after this position preheating forms the body of wall thickness by the second level of multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle under the extruding force effect, after the body length of wall thickness reaches designing requirement;
Pressing steps 3: cutting machine is lower with the aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section body cutting of moulding, finishes the squeeze job of whole aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe.
By squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, the first order of multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle diameter maximum is entered in the middle of the work band of extrusion die first, form the thin pipe fitting of wall, after the length of wall light wall pipe spare arrives designing requirement, then the multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle is retracted into the second level, form the pipe fitting of wall thickness, thereby formed aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section body.
Further scheme of the present invention; Be retracted into the third level, the fourth stage, level V by squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle or more than the 6th grade according to the method.
The preparation facilities that realization the object of the invention adopts is as follows:
A kind of preparation facilities of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe comprises extruder, extrusion die, it is characterized in that: the squeezing needle of described extrusion die adopts the multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle.The present invention will have the one-level squeezing needle now and change into the multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, thereby realize the profiles with changing section of tubing.
Further scheme of the present invention: described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle can be designed to according to product needed the squeezing needle of different-diameter size.
Further scheme of the present invention: the first order of described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle diameter maximum is near extrusion axis.
Further scheme of the present invention: described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle has secondary, three grades, level Four, Pyatyi or more than six grades.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) squeezing needle of extrusion die of the present invention adopts the multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle, utilize squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle forward-reverse, after finishing the one-level extruding, be retracted into next stage, thereby realize multistage tapered control, adopt the present invention can produce multistage seamless profiles with changing section pipe fitting, the aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe fitting dimensional accuracy of its processing is high, improved the firm performance of pipe fitting, the production efficiency of this aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe fitting is high, has reduced production cost.
2) the present invention can produce the aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe fitting that special dimension needs such as meeting machine-building, oil, the energy, ocean adopt, realized Optimal Structure Designing, save material, alleviated the weight of member self, also strengthened the firm performance of pipe fitting.Such as flagpole, lamp stand, electric pole and wind stick etc., the pipe fitting one end wall thickness that adopts the present invention to produce, the other end wall is thin, adopts this structure to install more stable and has alleviated the weight of self.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation before the extruding of prior art seamless pipe extrusion die.
Structural representation when Fig. 2 is the extruding of prior art seamless pipe extrusion die.
Fig. 3 is the section bar schematic diagram of prior art flute profile two-stage profiles with changing section.
Fig. 4 is the section bar schematic diagram of the I-shaped two-stage profiles with changing section of prior art.
Fig. 5 is the section bar schematic diagram of prior art abnormity two-stage profiles with changing section.
Fig. 6 is that extrusion die of the present invention adopts three grades of structural representations before the extruding of staged squeezing needle.
Structural representation when Fig. 7 is three grades of staged squeezing needles extruding of extrusion die employing of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of three grades of staged squeezing needles of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of two-staged step squeezing needle of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of level Four staged squeezing needle of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of three grades of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipes producing of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structural representation before extrusion die of the present invention adopts the extruding of two-staged step squeezing needle.
Figure 13 is the structural representation that the present invention is used for the High Rotation Speed device.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Specific embodiment 1:
Such as Fig. 6, Fig. 7, the preparation facilities of Fig. 8 and a kind of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe shown in Figure 11, comprise extruder, extrusion die, described extrusion die comprises extrusion die 2, die support 6, extruding pad 4, multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle 5, recipient 1 and extrusion axis 3, described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle 5 adopts three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1, described extrusion axis 3 is positioned at recipient 1, described three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are positioned at the central through hole of described extrusion axis 3, described extrusion die 2 is located at the head end of described recipient 1, described extrusion die 2 is installed on the die support 6, described extruding pad 4 is arranged on the front end of extrusion axis 3, described three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 under the control of extruder in described extrusion die 2 interior movements; Described three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are cylindrical, the first order diameter of three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 is maximum, second level diameter is little, third level diameter is minimum, and the first order of diameter maximum is near extrusion axis 3, and described three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 can be designed to according to product needed the squeezing needle of different-diameter size.
Utilize above-mentioned preparation facilities to make the production method of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe, comprise mould and die preheating, aluminium alloy cast ingot 7 preheatings, apply lubricant, extruding and annealing steps, described pressing steps is as follows:
Pressing steps 1: by three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 reaches of squeezing needle control system control, the first order of three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 diameter maximums is brought in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2 first, utilize the aluminium alloy cast ingot 7 after the extrusion axis control system begins to push preheating, aluminium alloy cast ingot 7 after this position preheating first order by three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 diameter maximums under the extruding force effect forms the thin body of wall, after the thin body length of wall reaches designing requirement;
Pressing steps 2: three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are retracted into the second level by the control of squeezing needle control system, driving the second level enters in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2, utilize the extrusion axis control system to push, aluminium alloy cast ingot 7 after this position preheating forms the body of wall thickness by the second level of three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 under the extruding force effect, after the body length of wall thickness reaches designing requirement;
Pressing steps 3: three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are retracted into the third level by the control of squeezing needle control system, driving the third level enters in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2, utilize the extrusion axis control system to push, aluminium alloy cast ingot 7 after this position preheating forms the body of wall thickness by the third level of three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 under the extruding force effect, after the body length of wall thickness reaches designing requirement;
Pressing steps 4: cutting machine is lower with three grades of aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section bodys, 8 cuttings of moulding, finishes the squeeze job of whole aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe.
For example, the speed that squeezing needle advances is 6 m/mins, produce a long thin pipe wall of 6 meters, 3 meters thick tube wall, the pipe fitting that 2 meters tube wall is thicker.At first the first order of three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 diameter maximums is brought in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2, pushed 1 minute, form 6 meters thin-walled; Then three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are retracted into the less second level of diameter, drive the second level and enter in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2, extruding half a minute, form 3 meters long thick tube wall; At last three grades of staged squeezing needle 5-1 are retracted into the third level of diameter minimum, driving the third level enters in the middle of the work band of extrusion die 2, pushed 20 seconds, form 2 meters bodys that long tube wall is thicker, so just having formed one has 6 meters longwells thin, 3 meters longwells are thick, 2 meters seamless profiles with changing section pipes that the long tube wall is thicker.
Specific embodiment 2:
Such as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 12, the characteristics of present embodiment are being: described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle 5 adopts two-staged step squeezing needle 5-2, other features are identical with specific embodiment 1, according to the method for specific embodiment 1, form secondary aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section body.
Specific embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 10, the characteristics of present embodiment are: described multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle 5 has level Four 5-3, Pyatyi or more than six grades, other features are identical with specific embodiment 1, method according to specific embodiment 1, be retracted into the fourth stage, level V or more than the 6th grade, produce multistage aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section pipe by squeezing needle control system control multi-stage stepwise squeezing needle.
As shown in figure 13: the aluminium alloy seamless profiles with changing section body that the present invention is produced is used for the High Rotation Speed device.
The aluminium alloy body 9 that requires to be installed in above the rotary body because of the High Rotation Speed device is large by paracentral thickness of pipe wall, and the tube wall of tail end is thin, the centrifugal force that produces in the time of so just reducing to rotate, the intensity of enhancing aluminium alloy body root.But prior art can not realize, and the present invention can produce the aluminium alloy body 9 that meets above the High Rotation Speed device rotary body.