Film capacitor for new energy automobile quick charge system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a film capacitor for a new energy automobile rapid charging system, and belongs to the technical field of capacitors.
Background
With the limited availability of conventional energy and the increasing prominence of environmental issues, the use of new energy is being effectively exploited and utilized. And new energy vehicles are being developed more and more as representatives of the current new energy projects. The popularization of new energy automobiles is that a quick charging system cannot be used. With the continuous development of the rapid charging technology, in a rapid charging system of a new energy automobile, a film capacitor is used as an energy storage element, and the capacitor is required to meet the increasing technical requirements of large capacitance, high voltage resistance, high current impact resistance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a film capacitor for a new energy automobile quick charging system, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a new energy automobile is film capacitor for quick charging system, includes capacitor case and is located the inside capacitor core of capacitor case, the capacitor core is made through coiling, metal spraying by the metallized film of shock resistance, the metallized film of shock resistance includes the insulated base film, the one side of insulated base film is provided with graphite alkene cladding material, the surface of graphite alkene cladding material is provided with the aluminum coating.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the insulating base film is a polypropylene film.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the manufacturing method of the graphene plating layer comprises: feeding the polypropylene film into a coating chamber, continuously introducing nitrogen into the coating chamber, and keeping the air pressure in the coating chamber at 101.8-102.2 kPa; a cooling roller and an injection pipe are arranged in the coating chamber, the injection pipe is arranged right above the cooling roller, the back surface of the polypropylene film is wound around the cooling roller, a pipe orifice of the injection pipe is right opposite to the front surface of the polypropylene film, and a high-temperature graphene jet flow is injected from the pipe orifice of the injection pipe and is an air flow mixed with graphene powder by high-temperature xenon; when the high-temperature graphene jet flow is sprayed to the front of the polypropylene film, a part of high-temperature graphene powder in the high-temperature graphene jet flow impacts the front of the polypropylene film to form a graphene coating.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the temperature of the high-temperature graphene jet flow is 330-350 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, 0.21-0.23 g of graphene powder is mixed in each liter of xenon in the high-temperature graphene jet flow.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the flow velocity of the high-temperature graphene jet flow at the nozzle of the jet pipe is 8.5-8.9 m/s.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the particle size of the graphene powder is less than or equal to 80 nm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the cooling temperature of the surface of the cooling roller is 3-6 ℃.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the manufacturing method of the aluminum plating layer comprises: and plating an aluminum coating on the surface of the graphene coating by a vacuum coating process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the film capacitor for the new energy automobile rapid charging system has the advantages of being far superior to a common metalized film capacitor in current impact resistance, short-circuit charging and discharging and voltage resistance, small in heat productivity, long in service life, capable of being reliably applied to the new energy automobile rapid charging system, and great in popularization value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a film capacitor for a rapid charging system of a new energy automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the cooling roll, the injection tube and the insulating base film according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the film capacitor for the new energy automobile rapid charging system comprises a capacitor shell and a capacitor core located inside the capacitor shell, wherein the capacitor core is made of an impact-resistant metalized film through winding and metal spraying, the impact-resistant metalized film comprises an insulating base film 10, one surface of the insulating base film 10 is provided with a graphene plating layer 20, and the surface of the graphene plating layer 20 is provided with an aluminum plating layer 30. Wherein the base insulating film 10 is a polypropylene film.
The manufacturing method of the graphene coating 20 comprises the following steps: feeding the polypropylene film into a coating chamber, continuously introducing nitrogen into the coating chamber, and keeping the air pressure in the coating chamber at 101.8-102.2 kPa; a cooling roller 1 and an injection pipe 2 are arranged in the coating chamber, as shown in fig. 2, the injection pipe 2 is arranged right above the cooling roller 1, the back surface of the polypropylene film is wound around the cooling roller 1, the pipe orifice of the injection pipe 2 is right opposite to the front surface of the polypropylene film, and the pipe orifice of the injection pipe 2 injects high-temperature graphene jet flow which is airflow with high-temperature xenon mixed with graphene powder; when the high-temperature graphene jet flow is sprayed to the front surface of the polypropylene film, a part of high-temperature graphene powder in the high-temperature graphene jet flow impacts the front surface of the polypropylene film to form a graphene coating 20. The temperature of the high-temperature graphene jet flow is 330-350 ℃. In the high-temperature graphene jet flow, 0.21-0.23 g of graphene powder is mixed in each liter of xenon. The flow velocity of the high-temperature graphene jet flow at the pipe orifice of the injection pipe 2 is 8.5-8.9 m/s. The particle size of the graphene powder is less than or equal to 80 nm. The cooling temperature of the surface of the cooling roller 1 is 3-6 ℃.
The manufacturing method of the aluminum plating layer 30 comprises the following steps: and plating an aluminum plating layer 30 on the surface of the graphene plating layer 20 by a vacuum plating process.
In the embodiment, the graphene plating layer 20 and the aluminum plating layer 30 form a conductive layer, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer is 0.56 to 0.71 Ω/◇.
And applying 2000V direct-current voltage to two ends of the film capacitor for the new energy automobile rapid charging system for 1 second, and then short-circuiting and discharging for 0.5 second. The increment of the loss tangent and the change of the capacitance of the capacitor were observed as follows:
1) after 85000 times of short circuit charging and discharging, the capacitor still works normally and has good electrical property; if the short circuit charging and discharging times are 85000 times, under the test frequency of 1KHz, measuring delta tg less than or equal to 0.0003; delta C/C is less than or equal to 4.7 percent.
2) And the direct-current breakdown voltage is more than or equal to 5000V.
Example 2
A common capacitor core in a common metallized film capacitor is made of a common metallized film through winding and metal spraying, wherein the common metallized film is a metal aluminum plating layer made on one surface of a polypropylene film through a vacuum coating process, the thickness of the metal aluminum plating layer is equal to that of the conducting layer in the embodiment 1, and the sheet resistance of the metal aluminum plating layer is 12-16 omega/◇.
A dc voltage of 2000V was applied to both ends of the general metallized film capacitor for 1 second, and then short-circuit discharged for 0.5 second. The increment of the loss tangent and the change of the capacitance of the capacitor were observed as follows:
1) after 500 times of short-circuit charging and discharging, the common metallized film is broken down in large scale, and the capacitor is scrapped!
2) And the direct-current breakdown voltage is less than or equal to 1800V.
In the above examples, it can be seen by comparing example 1 with example 2 that: compared with the existing common metalized film, in the film capacitor for the new energy automobile rapid charging system, the sheet resistance of the conducting layer in the impact-resistant metalized film is small, and the heat generated by the conducting layer is small under the same charge and discharge electric quantity; therefore, the impact-resistant metallized film can resist the impact of larger current; in addition, the capacitor is far superior to a common metalized film capacitor in short-circuit charging and discharging and voltage resistance; therefore, the film capacitor for the new energy automobile quick charging system can be reliably applied to circuits of quick charging systems such as the new energy automobile quick charging system and the like.
In the impact-resistant metallized film, the graphene coating 20 is composed of graphene, and the conductivity of the graphene is far better than that of metal aluminum. And in the manufacturing process of the graphene coating 20, the nitrogen continuously introduced into the coating chamber is used as a protective gas, so that the graphene can be prevented from being oxidized. The air pressure inside the coating chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure, so that the outside air cannot enter the coating chamber. The xenon is compressed into compressed xenon, the high-temperature compressed xenon is formed by heating, the high-temperature compressed xenon is introduced into a storage chamber filled with graphene powder, high-temperature graphene jet flow is formed in air flow sprayed out from an outlet of the storage chamber, when the high-temperature graphene jet flow is sprayed to the front of a polypropylene film, the front of the polypropylene film can be softened by the high-temperature xenon, the graphene is also a hot excellent conductor, therefore, the impact position of the high-temperature graphene particles is instantly melted when the high-temperature graphene particles impact the front of the polypropylene film, the heat of the graphene particles continuously runs off along with the continuous deep impact of the graphene particles, and the back of the polypropylene film is continuously cooled by a cooling roller 1, so that the combination between the graphene particles and the polypropylene film is completed. The graphene coating 20 is finally prepared by strictly controlling the temperature of the high-temperature graphene jet flow, the content of graphene powder in the high-temperature graphene jet flow, the flow rate of the high-temperature graphene jet flow and the cooling temperature of the surface of the cooling roller 1. Wherein, the minimum distance between the orifice of the injection pipe 2 and the front surface of the polypropylene film is strictly controlled to be 2-3 mm. The reason why xenon gas is used is because: xenon is an inert gas, further protecting graphene from oxidation, and its density is much higher than that of nitrogen, which is beneficial for xenon to finally fall on the front surface of the polypropylene film of the underlying ejector tube 2.
In the invention, the coverage rate of the graphene on the surface of the polypropylene film is 55-68%. The measurement method of the coverage rate is as follows: irradiating the polypropylene film by using a spotlight, wherein the light intensity of the light passing through the polypropylene film is X; the front surface of the polypropylene film is plated with a graphene coating 20, at the moment, the back surface of the polypropylene film covers the lamp holder of the spotlight, due to the covering of the graphene coating 20, the light intensity penetrating through the graphene coating 20 is weakened, the light intensity penetrating through the graphene coating 20 is Y, the difference value between X and Y is X-Y, and the percentage of the ratio between X-Y and X is the coverage rate. Because the graphene is only covered with a very sparse layer on the surface of the polypropylene film, and then the aluminum plating layer 30 is adopted to cover the graphene plating layer 20, the using amount of the graphene can be obviously reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and a compact aluminum oxide film protective layer can be formed on the surface of the aluminum plating layer 30, so that the conductive layer is effectively prevented from being further oxidized and corroded, and the service life of the impact-resistant metallized film is prolonged.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.