CN109307441A - Evaporator - Google Patents

Evaporator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109307441A
CN109307441A CN201810075374.8A CN201810075374A CN109307441A CN 109307441 A CN109307441 A CN 109307441A CN 201810075374 A CN201810075374 A CN 201810075374A CN 109307441 A CN109307441 A CN 109307441A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fluid
inner tube
tube
heat conducting
conducting pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810075374.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109307441B (en
Inventor
的场勉
山本悠贵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Chemical Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Japan Chemical Engineering and Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Japan Chemical Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of CN109307441A publication Critical patent/CN109307441A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109307441B publication Critical patent/CN109307441B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0011—Heating features
    • B01D1/0041—Use of fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

Even if the present invention, which provides the heat conducting pipe for constituting multi tube heat exchanger, pin hole, cracking etc., the evaporator in two kinds of fluids contact of the inner side and outer side of heat conducting pipe flowing also can be avoided.Evaporator (1) has multi tube heat exchanger (18) made of multiple heat conducting pipes (20) arrangement, the fluid for the side in two kinds of fluids for keeping temperature different is flowed in the inside of heat conducting pipe (20), and flow the fluid of another party in the outside of heat conducting pipe (20), to carry out heat exchange between two kinds of fluids via heat conducting pipe (20), heat conducting pipe (20) is set as the inner tube (21) moved by the fluid for a side in interior effluent and the double-sleeve structure that constitutes of the outer tube (22) that flows on the outside of fluid for another party, gap (23) are provided between inner tube (21) and outer tube (22).

Description

Evaporator
Technical field
The present invention relates to use multi tube heat exchanger to be evaporated the (also referred to as " evaporation of the evaporator of concentration Tank ").
Background technique
As this evaporator, there are following evaporators: making to be heated fluid (liquid to be treated) in multi tube heat exchanger Heat conducting pipe inner surface in film-form decline (flowing down), on the other hand, make heat fluid heat conducting pipe outside flow, pass through The heat exchange between fluid and liquid to be treated is heated to be evaporated concentration (referring to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004- to liquid to be treated No. 28364 bulletins).
However, in above-mentioned previous evaporator, such as because corrosion on the heat conducting pipe for constituting multi tube heat exchanger And in the case where producing pin hole, cracking, it heats fluid and is heated fluid (liquid to be treated) by what is generated on heat conducting pipe Pin hole, cracking and contact.
Therefore, be possible to when heating fluid be heated when fluid contacts volatile react occurs and it is dangerous, Or generated because heating fluid contact with fluid is heated corrosive substance so as to machine bring great damage or Even if micro also can cause Health cost under such circumstances when being mixed into product side, high temperature air is used as heating fluid.
However, using high temperature air, as shown in Fig. 5 (previous example), as previous evaporator 100 Attendant equipment, need electric heater 101, electric heater control cabinet 102, large-scale air circulation blowers 103 etc., produce Become larger such problems point, the loss that consumes energy of setting area becomes larger such problems point.
The present invention is completed in view of foregoing problem, even if its purpose is to provide constituting multitube heat Pin hole, cracking etc. are produced on the heat conducting pipe of exchanger, can not also make the two kinds of streams flowed in the inner side and outer side of heat conducting pipe The evaporator of body contact.
Summary of the invention
In order to reach the purpose, evaporator of the invention has multitube heat exchange made of the arrangement of multiple heat conducting pipes Device, and the fluid for the side being configured in keep temperature different two kinds of fluids is flowed in the inside of the heat conducting pipe, and is made another The fluid of side flows in the outside of the heat conducting pipe, so that heat exchange is carried out between two kinds of fluids via the heat conducting pipe, It is characterized in that, the heat conducting pipe is set as by the fluid for the party in the dynamic inner tube of interior effluent and for the stream of described another party The double-sleeve structure that the outer tube that body flows on the outside is constituted is provided with gap (the first hair between said inner tube and the outer tube It is bright).
In the present invention, it is preferred that the end of said inner tube is disposed in position more outstanding than the end of the outer tube, Tube sheet for the heat conducting pipe to be fixed is set as the side tube sheet being fixed by the end to said inner tube and to institute State the dual tube plate structure (the second invention) that the other side tube sheet that the end of outer tube is fixed is constituted.
In the present invention, it is preferred that the heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, make the fluid of the party along institute The inner surface decline of inner tube is stated, on the other hand, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of a side of decline and generating passes through The central part of said inner tube and rise (third invention).
In the present invention, it is preferred that the evaporator is provided with, to be homogeneously dispersed in the fluid of the party described The disperser (the 4th invention) of the said inner tube of heat conducting pipe.
In the present invention, it is preferred that the heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, make the fluid of the party along institute The inner surface decline of inner tube is stated, on the other hand, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of a side of decline and generating passes through The central part of said inner tube and rise, thus make the party fluid and the steam said inner tube inside counter current contacting In the case where, based on along said inner tube inner surface decline a side Fluid Volume and said inner tube central part rise Vapor volume, to set the internal diameter (the 5th invention) of said inner tube.
In the present invention, it is preferred that the heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, make the fluid of the party along institute The inner surface decline of inner tube is stated, on the other hand, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of the side flowed down and generating passes through The central part of said inner tube and rise, the midway in the upper up-flow path of the steam of rising be equipped with capture with the vapor phase The anti-smog device (the 6th invention) of the droplet of companion.
In the present invention, it is preferred that the evaporator is provided with leak detection mechanism, which detects institute The case where fluid of the fluid or described another party of stating a side leaks to the gap between said inner tube and the outer tube (the Seven inventions).
In the present invention, it is preferred that the heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, it is arranged in the top of the heat conducting pipe So that the fluid of the party is homogeneously dispersed in the disperser of said inner tube, specific volume is provided on the disperser in the presence of this point Dissipate the high delivery pipe (the 8th invention) of the height of the fluid of the party on device.
In the present invention, it is preferred that being based on and the party in the case where the fluid of described another party is water vapour Fluid carry out the conductivity or pH of the water vapour emission after heat exchange, to detect the fluid of the party or described another The case where fluid of side leaks to the gap between said inner tube and the outer tube (the 9th invention).It is as heating fluid The temperature fluid higher than the temperature for being heated fluid (water vapour, thermophore, hot water etc.).
In the present invention, it is preferred that the heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, it is arranged on the top of the heat conducting pipe There is the weir dike (the tenth invention) with multiple notches.
In the present invention, it is preferred that in order to improve thermal coefficient and be set to said inner tube and the outer tube it Between the gap filling have liquid in the case where, be attached to absorb the liquid expansion, contraction expansion tank.(the 11st hair It is bright).
Evaporator according to the present invention, the heat conducting pipe for constituting multi tube heat exchanger are set as being made of inner and outer tubes double Pipe structure again is also only in the inside of inner tube so even inner tube or outer tube is made to produce pin hole, cracking due tos for example corroding etc. The fluid of flowing leaks in the gap that the fluid that the outside of outer tube is flowed flows between inner tube and outer tube, can pass through Pin hole, the outer tube of cracking or inner tube are not generated to avoid the two kinds of fluids flowed in the inner side and outer side of heat conducting pipe from being in contact.
In addition, by using the structure of the second invention, so that the end of inner tube is fixed by side tube sheet, and the end of outer tube Portion is fixed by other side tube sheet, therefore leading for double-sleeve structure can be securely fixed using side tube sheet and other side tube sheet Heat pipe.
In addition, by using the structure that third is invented, to no longer need to be arranged in the downstream side of the evaporator to steam The gas-liquid separator separated with liquid can substantially reduce the setting area of equipment.
In addition, can make the fluid of a side uniformly to composition multitube by disperser by using the structure of the 4th invention Each inner tube flowing in multiple heat conducting pipes of formula heat exchanger.
In addition, the generation overflow in inner tube can be prevented by using the structure of the 5th invention.
In addition, the central part by inner tube can be prevented using anti-smog device by using the structure of the 6th invention The steam of rising is accompanied by droplet.
In addition, by using the structure of the 7th invention, can be generated in inner tube or outer tube using detection pin hole, cracking and The fluid for another party that fluid in the side that the inside of inner tube is flowed or the outside in outer tube are flowed leaks to inner tube and outer tube Between gap the case where leak detection mechanism detected, when leakage from detection with inner tube or outer tube, which plays, not to be produced Generated in raw pin hole, the outer tube of cracking or inner tube pin hole, cracking and there are temporal bufferings until leaking, therefore can Repairing, the update of machine are carried out in this period.
In addition, the steam risen by the central part of inner tube and accumulation can be made by using the structure of the 8th invention The fluid of a side on disperser does not contact and steam is discharged via delivery pipe.
In addition, by using the structure of the 9th invention, in the case where the fluid of another party is water vapour, can based on The fluid of one side carries out conductivity or the pH of the water vapour emission after heat exchange to detect one in the flowing of the inside of inner tube The case where fluid of side or the fluid of another party in the flowing of the outside of outer tube leak into the gap between inner tube and outer tube.
In addition, by using the structure of the tenth invention, cope with the levelness in tube sheet face, the variation of liquid load and make The fluid of one side is equably flowed in inner tube.
In addition, can stably keep by using the structure of the 11st invention in order to improve thermal coefficient and in inner tube With the state for being filled with liquid in the gap of outer tube.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section view of the film descending manner evaporator of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the portion the A enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the portion the B enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the portion the A enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, and is the explanatory diagram of another party's case of disperser.
Fig. 5 shows previous evaporator and its attendant equipment, is as heating fluid and in the case where using high temperature air Schematic system structure chart.
Fig. 6 is the figure for showing the equipment that gas-liquid separator is attached in previous common film descending manner evaporator.
Description of symbols:
1 evaporator；
2 main bodys；
3 upper tube sheets；
4 lower tube sheets；
5 top covers；
6 bottom covers；
18 multitube heat exchanges；
20 heat conducting pipes；
21 inner tubes；
22 outer tubes；
23 gaps；
25,26 outside tube sheets (side tube sheet)；
27,28 inside tube sheets (other side tube sheet)；
30 leak detection mechanisms；
31,32 spatial portion；
33,34 leak detection mouth；
35,36 pressure detector；
40 dispersers；
41 weir dikes；
41a notch；
42 delivery pipes；
43 anti-smog devices.
Specific embodiment
Then, it is explained with reference to the specific embodiment of evaporator of the invention.It should be noted that following Embodiment in, illustrate by the present invention be suitable for film descending manner (liquid film downward flow type) evaporator example, but certainly The present invention can be suitable for the evaporator of other forms.
The brief description > of < evaporator
The evaporator 1 of film descending manner shown in FIG. 1 has the cylindric main body 2 extended along up and down direction, at this Upper tube sheet 3 and lower tube sheet 4 that the top and lower part of main body 2 are integrally provided respectively, in a manner of covering the upper tube sheet 3 It is assemblied in the top cover 5 of the upside of upper tube sheet 3 and is assemblied in lower tube sheet 4 in a manner of covering the lower tube sheet 4 The bottom covers 6 of downside.
Upper space 7 is formed between upper tube sheet 3 and top cover 5, in main body 2, upper tube sheet 3 and lower tube sheet It is formed with middle part space 8 between 4, lower space 9 is formed between lower tube sheet 4 and bottom covers 6.
The top of top cover 5 is provided with vapor outlet port 11, which is connected to upper space 7, and will be upper Steam export in portion space 7.It is provided in the peripheral wall portion of top cover 5 and is heated fluid inlet 12, this is heated fluid and enters Mouth 12 is connected to upper space 7, and is heated fluid (liquid to be treated) to the importing of upper space 7.It is provided on the top of main body 2 Heating fluid inlet 13, the heating fluid inlet 13 are connected to middle part space 8, and import heating fluid to middle part space 8 (such as water vapour).The lower part of main body 2 is provided with heated fluid outlet 14, the heated fluid outlet 14 and middle part space 8 Connection, and the heating fluid after the heat exchange in middle part space 8 is exported.The lower part of bottom covers 6 is provided with liquid outlet 15, which is connected to lower space 9, and the liquid (concentrate) in lower space 9 is exported.
There is multi tube heat exchanger 18 in the assembled inside of main body 2, and the multi tube heat exchanger 18 is by along upper and lower Multiple heat conducting pipes 20 that direction extends arrange at intervals.
< heat conducting pipe illustrates >
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, for heat conducting pipe 20, the upper end of heat conducting pipe 20 is fixed with the state for passing through upper tube sheet 3 The lower tube sheet 4 is bonded to the state for passing through lower tube sheet 4 in the lower end of the upper tube sheet 3, heat conducting pipe 20, by top Space 7 is connected to lower space 9.The heat conducting pipe 20 is formed as having the inner tube for being heated fluid (liquid to be treated) by moving in interior effluent 21 and the double-sleeve structure that the outer tube 22 that has is constituted is flowed on the outside, defined gap is provided between inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 23。
As the material of inner tube 21 and outer tube 22, as long as such as stainless steel, iron, copper, titanium, HASTELOY (registered trademark) Etc. the material for being able to carry out Strength co-mputation, then any material can be used.
In the present embodiment, the example for having used smooth pipe in inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 is shown, but is not limited In this, finned tube also can be used, alternatively, it is also possible to use the chip pipe for implementing surface processing.
In the present embodiment, showing makes such as 0.2mm of gap 23 between inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 and is provided with The example of air layer, but can also to the filling of the gap 23 of inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 to heating fluid, to be heated fluid harmless Liquid, such as thermophore, ethylene glycol, White petrolatum.In this case, compared with air layer is set, total thermal coefficient Become larger.However, it is necessary to which the expansion tank (illustration omitted) of the expansion for absorbing filled liquid, contraction is arranged.
It should be noted that total carry-over factor of the evaporator 1 of film descending manner is indicated by following formulas.
[mathematical expression 1]
Here, ho: limitans thermal coefficient to: the outer diameter tAir: the thickness of air layer of the plate thickness doo: outer tube of outer tube outside pipe Degree
Hi: pipe inner edge limitans thermal coefficient ti: the outside diameter d ii: the internal diameter of inner tube of the plate thickness dio: inner tube of inner tube
λ o, λ i are the metal heat transfer coefficients of outer tube, inner tube
Ro, ri indicate the contamination factor outside pipe, in pipe.
It is in film-form (liquid in the steam that the central part of inner tube 21 rises and the inner surface along inner tube 21 in inner tube 21 It is membranaceous) decline (flowing down) the fluid that is heated contact in a counter-current fashion, it is therefore desirable to pay attention to the bore of inner tube 21, to avoid Overflow occurs in inner tube 21.Although also depending on the vapor volume of the liquid measure for being heated fluid of decline, rising, inner tube 21 it is interior Diameter for example preferably usesIn addition, the fluid that is heated of decline can To be a part of evaporation, it is also possible to whole evaporations.In the case where all evaporations, need in the lower part of evaporator 1 setting product Whether liquid portion and the liquid level for being heated fluid by lodging in hydrops portion be heated fluid all evaporations to detect.
The fixed structure of < heat conducting pipe illustrates >
In heat conducting pipe 20, the upper end and lower end of inner tube 21 are disposed in upper end and lower end than outer tube 22 respectively Position more outstanding.On the other hand, the upper tube sheet 3 for fixing the upper end of heat conducting pipe 20 and lower end respectively and lower part Tube sheet 4 is for by specified interval apart from top to bottom and outside tube sheet 25,26 and inside tube sheet that mutual face is arranged face to face 27, the 28 dual tube plate structure constituted.Also, as shown in Fig. 2, the outboard tube of upper tube sheet 3 is fixed in the upper end of inner tube 21 The inside tube sheet 27 of upper tube sheet 3 is fixed in plate 25, the upper end of outer tube 22.In addition, as shown in figure 3, the lower end of inner tube 21 It is fixed on the outside tube sheet 26 of lower tube sheet 4, the inside tube sheet 28 of lower tube sheet 4 is fixed in the lower end of outer tube 22.In this way, energy Enough heat conducting pipes 20 that double-sleeve structure is securely fixed by upper tube sheet 3 and lower tube sheet 4.
< leak detection mechanism illustrates >
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, to heating fluid or inner tube 21 that fluid leaks in heat conducting pipe 20 and outer tube 22 are heated Between gap 23 the case where the testing agency 30 detected be configured to, on the outside tube sheet 25,26 and inside tube sheet 27,28 it Between the spatial portion 31,32 of such as 10mm~100mm degree is set, by leak detection in a manner of being connected to the spatial portion 31,32 Mouth 33,34 is set to side pipe plate 27,28, assembles the pressure detector 35,36 of electric in above-mentioned leak detection mouth 33,34, In spatial portion 31,32 when detecting the inner tube 21 or the presence leakage of outer tube 22 in heat conducting pipe 20 using pressure detector 35,36 Pressure oscillation, thus detection leakage.Preferably, detection signal based on pressure detector 35,36 and for example make (not shown) Alarm device works to sound an alarm.It should be noted that being also possible to be set to the leak detection mouth of the inside tube sheet 28 of downside 34 are set as blocking by plug, and regularly open to confirm the presence or absence of leakage.
It should be noted that as to heating fluid or inner tube 21 and outer tube that fluid leaks in heat conducting pipe 20 is heated The testing agency that 23 situation of gap between 22 is detected, the gap 23 between inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 are the feelings of air layer Under condition, the above-mentioned mechanism based on pressure detecting be it is suitable, in the gap 23 between inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 filled with pair Heating fluid in the case where being heated the harmless liquid of fluid, is also possible to detect to absorb the swollen of filled liquid Mechanism as the fluid change of swollen, contraction and setting expansion tank (illustration omitted).In addition, being used as heating fluid In the case where water vapour, by measure the water vapour be heated fluid and carry out the water vapour emission that is discharged after heat exchange Conductivity, pH come mechanism as being detected be also effective.
< disperser illustrates >
As shown in Fig. 2, the upper space 7 between top cover 5 and upper tube sheet 3 is equipped with disperser 40, the dispersion Device 40 is for flowing down the inner surface of the inner tube being heated in fluid heat conductive pipes 20 21 equably.As the disperser 40, example It is constituted as being fixed on the interior sidewall surface of top cover 5 by the way that porous plate made of multiple holes will be worn in following position, it is described Position is the outside tube sheet 25 in the top of inner tube 21 and upper tube sheet 3 and the position that is heated between fluid inlet 12.It is logical The disperser 40 that is made of such porous plate of setting is crossed, flow into be heated stream and being heated fluid inlet 12 can be made Volume deposits certain altitude and reduces the dynamic pressure for being heated fluid, and simultaneously makes to be heated that fluid is equably adjacent to each other leads The middle part of heat pipe 20 is fallen.Here, being heated the liquid height of fluid as accumulating on disperser 40, such as it is preferably 20mm or more and 300mm or less.
It should be noted that also can replace above-mentioned disperser 40, and it is as shown in Figure 4, at 20 groups of heat conducting pipe Weir dike 41 made of the notch 41a to form multiple such as V shape is arranged in top, makes to be heated the periphery that fluid flows into the weir dike 41 Side makes to be heated the 20 groups of dispersions of fluid heat conductive pipes by overflow, thus the inner tube 21 of heat conductive pipes 20 be uniformly distributed by Heat fluid.
< delivery pipe illustrates >
As shown in Fig. 2, being provided with specific volume in the disperser 40 being made of porous plate, there are be heated stream on disperser 40 The high delivery pipe 42 of the liquid height of body, thus it enables that the steam evaporated in inner tube 21 not be flowed on disperser 40 It is heated fluid contact and is guided it to vapor outlet port 11 by delivery pipe 42.
< anti-smog device illustrates >
In top cover 5, (vapor outlet port is nearby for the upstream side of the vapor stream in the flow path for leading to vapor outlet port 11 Side) position be equipped with anti-smog device 43, prevent the steam evaporated in inner tube 21 from vapor outlet port 11 be discharged when be accompanied by The droplet of lower descending liquid.As anti-smog device 43, such as the anti-smog device of web form can be enumerated, be also possible to impingement plate form Arrester.Alternatively, it is also possible to using irregular filler, regular filler.
Material can also use made of metal, resin system (TEFLON (registered trademark), PVC, PP etc.).
The job description > of < evaporator
Illustrate the work of evaporator 1 constituted as described above using Fig. 1.It is logical to be heated fluid (liquid to be treated) It crosses and is heated fluid inlet 12 and is imported into upper space 7, and accumulate on the disperser 40 being made of porous plate.Dispersing Device 40 is provided with delivery pipe 42, thus can make the steam evaporated in the heat conducting pipe 20 (inner tube 21) in lower section not with disperser 40 On be heated fluid contact and from vapor outlet port 11 be discharged.It accumulates on disperser 40 and is heated fluid to multiple heat conducting pipes Each inner tube 21 in 20 is uniformly dispersed, and is become thin shaped liquid film and is declined along the inner surface of inner tube 21.On the other hand, from Heating fluid inlet 13 be flowed into the heating fluid (water vapour) in middle part space 8 via outer tube 22, outer tube 22 and inner tube 21 it Between air layer (gap 23) and inner tube 21 and to along inner tube 21 inner surface in shaped liquid film decline be heated fluid liquid into Row heating.A part for being heated fluid of shaped liquid film after heating is evaporated and the central part in inner tube 21 is gradually increasing.
< function and effect illustrate >
Due to the reasons such as example corroding in the case where producing pin hole, cracking in inner tube 21 or outer tube 22, in inner tube 21 inside flowing be heated fluid or outer tube 22 outside flow heating fluid between inner tube 21 and outer tube 22 Gap 23 flows into and leaks, but can avoid making thermally conductive by not generating outer tube 22 or the inner tube 21 of pin hole, cracking The fluid that is heated of the inner side and outer side flowing of pipe 20 is contacted with heating fluid.
In addition, upper tube sheet 3 and lower tube sheet 4 are dual tube plate structure, outside tube sheet 25,26 and inner tube 21 are fixed, Inside tube sheet 27,28 and outer tube 22 are fixed, are provided with 10mm~100mm between tube sheet 25,26 and inside tube sheet 27,28 on the outside The spatial portion 31,32 of degree, can be based on the pressure assembled by the leak detection mouth 33,34 being connected to the spatial portion 31,32 The pressure change that detector 35,36 detects produces leakage to detect certain in inner tube 21 and outer tube 22.From detecting Played when the leakage of inner tube 21 or outer tube 22 do not generate in pin hole, the outer tube 22 of cracking or inner tube 21 generate pin hole, cracking and send out There are temporal bufferings until raw leakage, therefore can carry out the repairing of machine in this period, update.
From 20 groups of steam heat conductive pipes of the upper-part centralized that the inner surface of inner tube 21 evaporates, and it is upward by delivery pipe 42 In the upper-part centralized in portion space 7.It is nearby provided with anti-smog device 43 in vapor outlet port 11, therefore can be prevented from vapor outlet port 11 The steam of discharge is accompanied by droplet, can reduce to the greatest extent with drop etc..It should be noted that for example, partly being led for manufacture SO in the process of the cleaning high-purity sulfuric acid of body3Evaporator, the frequent metal because caused by with droplet in drop There are problems that for ion and become.
SO in sulfuric anhydride3In evaporator, when using water vapour as heating fluid, produces and let out in heat conducting pipe 20 In the case where leakage, sulfuric acid explosively reacts with water, and becomes high temperature and lead to the damage of machine.Therefore, by heat conducting pipe 20 are set as double-sleeve structure, and tube sheet 3,4 is set as dual tube plate structure, so that heating fluid be avoided to contact with fluid is heated. In addition to SO3Evaporator other than, such as can be also used for the evaporator of silicon chloride and (generate corrosivity when silicon chloride and water contact High hydrochloric acid).In addition, also not allowing thermophore to connect with edible oil and fat in the thermophore heating in edible oil and fat manufacturing process Touching, therefore preferably using double-sleeve structure and evaporator, the heat exchanger of dual tube plate structure.
In the evaporator 110 of common film descending manner as shown in Figure 6, be heated fluid (liquid to be treated) with Steam declines together and enters the gas-liquid separator 111 set up in the downstream side of the evaporator 110, and is separated into steam and liquid Body.
In the evaporator 1 of present embodiment, steam is discharged from top, thus no longer needs to be attached to shown in fig. 6 The gas-liquid separator 111 for needing to set up in side downstream in such common evaporator 110, can significantly reduce setting face Product.
More than, evaporator of the invention is illustrated based on an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations Structure documented by mode can suitably change its structure within the scope of its spirit.
Then, illustrate the specific embodiment of evaporator of the invention, but the present invention is not limited to embodiments below.
(1) it is heated fluid
SO330mass%3600kg/hr
H2SO470mass%8400kg/hr adds up to 12000kg/hr
(2) steam
SO3100mass%1200kg/hr
(3) fluid (water vapour) is heated
Vapor flow rate 550kg/hr
Steam pressure 0.8MPaG saturated vapor
(4) evaporator
Heat-conducting area 50m2
The outer pipe outside diameter 88.9mm of heat conducting pipe, internal diameter 75.9mm STB340-SH
Heat conducting pipe inner tube outside diameter 75.5mm, internal diameter 64.2mm STB340-SH
Heat conducting pipe radical 70
Thermally conductive length of tube 3200mm
(5) disperser
Porous 170 SUS316L of panel aperture 3.8mm hole count
Delivery pipe bore 65A, radical 10
(6) anti-smog device
Model arrester SUS316L
300 of size × 244H
(7) leak detection mechanism
Pressure transmitter (PIA) is arranged in leak detection mouth 33,34 in evaporator
Waste side is doubly monitored in steam discharge liquor charging mouth setting conductivity instrument
Designed rating is 1200kg/hr, therefore confirms and shown defined ability.In addition, absorbing ultrapure water The SO of evaporation3Obtained from 96mass% sulfuric acid product in metal ion also meet EL standard.It is prevented known to as a result, With droplet.
In the evaporator 100 (referring to Fig. 5) of previous air heated type, total thermal coefficient is 60kcal/m2A hr DEG C of left side The right side, but steam heating is used in evaporator 1 of the invention, thus total thermal coefficient is 100kcal/m2Hr DEG C increases to 1.6 times or so.
According to embodiment it is found that evaporator despite the purity for obtaining degree roughly the same with previous evaporator 100, But become following device: with air heating compared to saving energy, save space, even and if heat conducting pipe generation pin hole etc. will not make Heating fluid is contacted with fluid is heated, therefore safety.
Industrial availability
Even if there is evaporator of the invention the heat conducting pipe for constituting multi tube heat exchanger to produce pin hole, cracking etc., The two kinds of fluids that can be avoided in the flowing of the inner side and outer side of heat conducting pipe are in contact this characteristic, therefore can be preferred for working as Heating fluid occurs volatile react and generates dangerous or because heating fluid and being heated stream with being heated when fluid contacts Even if the contact of body and generate corrosive substance so to machine bring great damage or it is micro be mixed into product side when also can Cause a certain purposes for being concentrated by evaporation processing, industrial availability as Health cost big.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of evaporator has multi tube heat exchanger made of the arrangement of multiple heat conducting pipes, and is configured to keep temperature different Two kinds of fluids in the fluid of a side flowed in the inside of the heat conducting pipe, and make the fluid of another party in the heat conducting pipe Outside flowing, to carry out heat exchange between described two fluids via the heat conducting pipe, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe be set as by the fluid for the party interior effluent move inner tube and for described another party fluid outside The double-sleeve structure that the outer tube of side flowing is constituted, is provided with gap between said inner tube and the outer tube.
2. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The end of said inner tube is disposed in position more outstanding than the end of the outer tube, for the heat conducting pipe to be fixed Tube sheet be set as the side tube sheet being fixed by the end to said inner tube and the end of the outer tube be fixed another The dual tube plate structure that side tube sheet is constituted.
3. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, declines the fluid of the party along the inner surface of said inner tube, another Aspect, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of a side of decline and generating are risen by the central part of said inner tube.
4. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The evaporator is provided with the disperser for the said inner tube for making the fluid of the party be homogeneously dispersed in the heat conducting pipe.
5. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, declines the fluid of the party along the inner surface of said inner tube, another Aspect, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of a side of decline and generating are risen by the central part of said inner tube, To which the fluid for making the party and the steam are in the case where the inside counter current contacting of said inner tube, based on along described interior The vapor volume of the Fluid Volume of one side of the inner surface decline of pipe and the central part rising in said inner tube, to set said inner tube Internal diameter.
6. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, declines the fluid of the party along the inner surface of said inner tube, another Aspect, the steam for making a part evaporation of the fluid of the side flowed down and generating are risen by the central part of said inner tube, The anti-smog device captured with the droplet of vapor phase companion is equipped in the midway in the upper up-flow path of the steam of rising.
7. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The evaporator is provided with leak detection mechanism, the leak detection mechanism detect the party fluid or described another party Fluid the case where leaking to the gap between said inner tube and the outer tube.
8. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, and in the top of the heat conducting pipe, setting divides the fluid of the party equably The disperser in said inner tube is dissipated, specific volume is provided on the disperser, and there are the fluids of the party on the disperser Highly high delivery pipe.
9. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the case where the fluid of described another party is water vapour, based on the water carried out with the fluid of the party after heat exchange The conductivity or pH of discharge of steam object, come detect the party fluid or described another party fluid leak to said inner tube with The case where gap between the outer tube.
10. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The heat conducting pipe extends along up and down direction, and the top of the heat conducting pipe is provided with the weir dike with multiple notches.
11. evaporator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
There is liquid in the gap filling being set between said inner tube and the outer tube to improve thermal coefficient In the case of, it is attached to the expansion tank for absorbing expansion, the contraction of the liquid.
CN201810075374.8A 2017-07-26 2018-01-25 Evaporator with a heat exchanger Active CN109307441B (en)

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CN110038315A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-23 天津科技大学 The tube type falling-film vaporising device of a variety of media can be handled simultaneously

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CN111664427A (en) * 2019-03-09 2020-09-15 孟想 Design scheme of ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure pore channel type heat exchanger/evaporator

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CN102759225A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-31 西安交通大学 Riser spiral-flow type falling-film evaporator for refrigerating air conditioner
CN106730947A (en) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-31 衡阳屹顺化工有限公司 A kind of Type of Falling-film Evaporator Liquid Distributor's

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WO2003078014A1 (en) * 2002-03-20 2003-09-25 Albert Faritovich Saifutdinov A compact rectifying unit for separation of mixed fluids and rectifying process for separation of such mixed fluids
CN201600065U (en) * 2010-01-15 2010-10-06 湖北登峰换热器有限公司 Efficient safety heat exchanger
CN102759225A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-31 西安交通大学 Riser spiral-flow type falling-film evaporator for refrigerating air conditioner
CN106730947A (en) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-31 衡阳屹顺化工有限公司 A kind of Type of Falling-film Evaporator Liquid Distributor's

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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