CN109303906A - 一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于外用药物领域,尤其涉及一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴及其制备方法。本发明长效艾灸贴由陈艾、干姜、蕨麻、板栗壳、生青盐、大葱根蒂和艾草精油制成。本发明艾灸贴利用艾灸热效应及精油导入原理,加速中药渗透,实现灸疗、药疗、理疗三重治疗作用。经试验,本发明艾灸贴具有温经通络、除湿止痛、祛风散寒之功效,能够迅速缓解颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出、肩周炎、腰肌劳损、风湿性关节炎等病所致的关节或肌肉僵硬、酸痛、肿胀等不适症状。本发明艾灸贴采用自发热方式,即贴即用、操作简便、安全环保、无需专业人员操作,且本发明为长效产品,单次灸疗时间可达6‑8小时,通过对患部进行长时间的灸疗浸润,灸疗效果更加显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于外用药物领域,尤其涉及一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴及其制备方法。
背景技术
艾灸,属于中医针灸疗法中的灸法,是以中医经络理论为基础,用艾叶制成的艾绒产生的艾热刺激体表穴位或特定部位,通过激发经气的活动来调节人体生理生化机能,从而达到防病治病的目的。艾灸疗法具有通经活络、行气止痛、去湿逐寒、消肿散瘀、补益气血、固元生精、暖宫助孕、排毒养颜、益寿延年等功效,常用于治疗产后经络不畅以及手脚冰凉、痛经、***、胃痛等症。
传统艾灸疗效确切,但其操作不便,治疗过程中需以火熏灸,易灼伤患者,不仅不安全,而且不利于环保;现代艾灸主要通过热灸治疗仪等艾灸仪器来施灸治疗,具有无烟、无火、无污染的特点,然而其疗法单一,疗效不稳定,有时疗效轻微,而有时治疗反应则过于强烈,患者难以承受。
另外,艾灸对其适用人群也有较为严格的限制,而且,许多患者在施用艾灸后还会出现头晕、眼花、恶心、失眠、疲乏无力、嗜睡、上火、口干舌燥、红疹、皮肤潮红、灸疮、发热、面色苍白、心慌、全身不适等不良反应,其中尤以失眠、上火、红疹、皮肤潮红最为常见。
艾灸的上述缺陷在很大程度上限制了其应用。因此,临床中急需一种操作简便、使用安全、疗效确切、不良反应少的新施灸方法。
发明内容
为了克服艾灸操作不便、安全隐患大、不环保、灸疗时间短、疗效不确切、不良反应多等缺陷,本发明提供了一种操作简便、使用安全、适用面广、疗效确切、不良反应少、成本低廉的长效艾灸贴。
本发明用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,系由药包和发热包组成,所述药包黏贴在所述发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
陈艾85-92, 干姜2.5-3.0, 蕨麻3.5-5.0,
板栗壳2.0-2.5, 生青盐1.2-1.6, 大葱根蒂1.2-1.6,
艾草精油0.1-0.8;
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
进一步地,本发明长效艾灸贴中包含的药包经下述步骤制得:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到所述药包。
优选地,制得所述药包的各原料的重量份是:
陈艾90, 干姜2.8, 蕨麻4.5,
板栗壳2.4, 生青盐1.5, 大葱根蒂1.5,
艾草精油0.5。
为了更有效地缓解腰、颈、肩、背、膝等部位的酸痛和僵硬,本发明长效艾灸贴还可在药包原料配方中加入下述重量份的:
针对症状较重的患者,为了强化疗效,本发明长效艾灸贴还可在上述药包原料配方的基础上加入下述重量份的:
没药0.8-1.2, 白芷0.5-0.6, 木通0.3-0.4,
夜明砂0.3-0.4, 生五灵脂0.5-0.6。
为了满足经期女性和备孕期女性的治疗需要,增强暖宫作用,本发明长效艾灸贴还可在药包原料配方中加入下述重量份的:
此外,本发明还提供了足贴型的长效艾灸贴,系向药包原料配方中加入下述重量份的:
竹醋2.0-2.5, 竹炭1.2-1.6, 贝壳硬蛋白粉1.0-1.2,
抗坏血酸0.2-0.3, 桔梗根提取物0.5-0.8。
同时,本发明还提供了眼贴型的长效艾灸贴,系向药包原料配方中加入下述重量份的:洋甘菊提取物2.5-3.0。
除此之外,本发明还涉及上述长效艾灸贴在制备外用除湿止痛药物中的应用。
本发明还涉及上述长效艾灸贴在制备治疗宫寒、痛经、神经衰弱、失眠、头痛、胃痛、便秘、腹泻、腹痛、感冒、小儿惊厥、高血压、糖尿病、眼部疲劳或减肥外用药物中的应用。
综上,本发明艾灸贴利用艾灸热效应及精油导入原理,加速中药渗透,实现灸疗、药疗、理疗三重治疗作用。本发明通过广泛筛选和重复调试,对艾灸贴药包配方进行了改进,在陈艾、干姜、生青盐、大葱根蒂等成分的基础上,加入了经特定工艺制得的蕨麻和板栗壳组分,我们发现,加入蕨麻组分后可明显提高艾灸贴除湿止痛、缓解颈肩僵硬肿痛的疗效,加入板栗壳组分则可以减少其上火、红疹、皮肤潮红等不良反应的发生率。
经试验,本发明艾灸贴具有温经通络、除湿止痛、祛风散寒之功效,能够迅速缓解颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出、肩周炎、腰肌劳损、风湿性关节炎等病所致的关节或肌肉僵硬、酸痛、肿胀等不适症状,长期使用本产品还可调节气血、扶阳固本、改善身体微循环、提升人体自我修复能力、增加机体免疫力、保健养生。此外,经长期观察,本发明艾灸贴还可用于辅助治疗宫寒、痛经、神经衰弱、失眠、头痛、胃痛、便秘、腹泻、腹痛、感冒、小儿惊厥、高血压、糖尿病、眼部疲劳等多种疾病,坚持使用还有助于减肥和美体。
本发明艾灸贴采用自发热方式,即贴即用、操作简便、安全环保、无需专业人员操作。另外,本发明艾灸贴为长效产品,单次灸疗时间可达6-8小时,通过对患部进行长时间的灸疗浸润,灸疗效果更加显著,且本发明艾灸贴不良反应较少,制备成本低廉,因此非常适合目前的理疗及保健市场需求。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
除非另外定义,本发明中使用的所有技术和科学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。本技术领域的技术人员还可以使用与本发明实施例中所述的方法、设备、材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、设备和材料来实现本发明。下文结合具体实施例和对比例对本发明长效艾灸贴的使用效果进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
陈艾90, 干姜2.8, 蕨麻4.5,
板栗壳2.4, 生青盐1.5, 大葱根蒂1.5,
艾草精油0.5。
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
实施例2
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,专用于缓解腰、颈、肩、背、膝等部位的酸痛和僵硬,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、透骨草、伸筋草、三七、当归、川芎、羌活、桂枝、麻黄、乳香、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
实施例3
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,专用于缓解症状较为严重的腰、颈、肩、背、膝等部位的酸痛和僵硬,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、透骨草、伸筋草、三七、当归、川芎、羌活、桂枝、麻黄、乳香、没药、白芷、木通、夜明砂、生五灵脂、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
实施例4
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,专用于经期女性和备孕期女性的治疗需要,增强了暖宫作用,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、益母草、牡丹皮、牛膝、当归、川芎、莪术、桂枝、熟地、白芍、黄芪、红花、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
实施例5
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的足贴型长效艾灸贴,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、竹炭、贝壳硬蛋白粉、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉、板栗壳粉、抗坏血酸和桔梗根水提取物混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将竹醋和艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
实施例6
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的眼贴型长效艾灸贴,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将洋甘菊除去杂质,漂洗、干燥、粉碎后加入10倍量的30%乙醇水溶液,浸泡45分钟后回流提取30分钟,过滤,滤液备用,在相同条件下将滤渣重复提取1次,过滤,合并两次滤液,真空干燥后得到洋甘菊提取物;
(5)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉、板栗壳粉和洋甘菊提取物混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
对比例1
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
陈艾90, 干姜2.8,
生青盐1.5, 大葱根蒂1.5,
艾草精油0.5。
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将艾草精油缓慢地加入到上述混合药粉中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
对比例2
一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,由药包和发热包组成,药包黏贴在发热包上,其中药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
陈艾90, 干姜2.8,
板栗壳2.4, 生青盐1.5,
大葱根蒂1.5, 艾草精油0.5。
发热包由发热矿粉制成。
药包制备方法如下:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(3)将上述混合药粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到药包。
药效学试验
对上述实施例1和对比例1-2中制得的长效艾灸贴进行药效学测试。
一、试验材料
受试药物:实施例1和对比例1-2制得的长效艾灸贴。
阳性药物:扶他林软膏。
试验动物:Wistar大鼠,雄性,体重180-200g。
诱导剂:啤酒酵母。
二、造模方法
大鼠在饲养环境里适应3d后,禁食24h,试验开始后,先采用热辐射测痛法测定各组大鼠左、右后足趾的基础痛阈值,然后向模型组和试验组中每只大鼠右后足趾皮下注射20%的啤酒酵母水溶液0.1ml,以诱导炎症。2.5h后,试验组给予受试药物或阳性药物,模型组给予生理盐水。1h后,同样采用热辐射测痛法分别测定各组大鼠左、右后足趾的痛阈值。
三、试验方法
试验分组:受试大鼠随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为空白组、模型组、阳性药组、实施例1组、对比例1组和对比例2组。
给药方法:右后足趾部位绑扎艾灸贴或涂抹药物。
四、试验结果
观测指标:分别记录各组大鼠给药前后左、右后足趾的痛阈值。
表1各试验组大鼠给药前后左、右后足趾痛阈值
注:给药前后相比:**P≤0.05;***P≤0.01.
试验结果:从表1中可以看出,与模型组相比,各受试药物组大鼠的右后足趾痛阈值均有不同程度的提高,提示各组受试药物均具有一定的止痛作用。相较于对比例1和2组,实施例1组止痛作用更为显著,接近于阳性药物扶他林软膏。相比而言,对比例1组和对比例2组由于原料配方中缺少了蕨麻,其治疗效果远不及实施例1组,从而说明实施例1组艾灸贴的原料配方及制备工艺要优于对比例组。
临床试验
观察验证本发明艾灸贴(实施例1)和对照组艾灸贴(对比例1-2)以及阳性药物(扶他林软膏)对膝关节僵硬和疼痛的治疗效果及不良反应。
一、病例选择与分组
关节炎所致的膝关节疼痛患者240例,随机分为4组,每组各60例。各组年龄、性别、病程、病因、膝关节疼痛程度无统计学差异(p>0.05)。
二、纳入标准
(1)年龄40-60周岁;
(2)试验前1周内未进行过其他镇痛治疗;
(3)无其他严重脏器疾病。
三、治疗方法
试验组和对照组使用相应的艾灸贴,每日早晚各1片,连续使用7日。
阳性药物组使用扶他林软膏,涂抹患处皮肤,每日3次,连续涂抹7日。
四、疗效判定
(1)痊愈:膝关节僵硬和疼痛感完全消失,关节活动恢复正常,无关节肿胀积液、骨节肥大现象;
(2)显效:膝关节僵硬和疼痛感基本消失或明显改善,关节活动不受限,基本无关节肿胀积液、骨节肥大现象;
(3)有效:膝关节僵硬和疼痛感有所好转,关节活动轻度受限,可伴有轻度的关节肿胀积液、骨节肥大现象;
(4)无效:膝关节僵硬和疼痛感无明显改善,甚或加重,关节活动受限,运作牵强,可伴有较严重的关节肿胀积液、骨节肥大现象。
五、不良反应监测
监测用药过程中及用药结束后7日内,上火、红疹、皮肤潮红不良反应的发生率。
六、试验结果
经过7天治疗后,各试验组临床疗效统计结果参见下表。
表2各试验组临床疗效统计表
组别 | 例数 | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
阳性药组 | 60 | 5 | 10 | 34 | 11 | 81.7% |
实施例1组 | 60 | 12 | 19 | 26 | 3 | 95.0% |
对比例1组 | 60 | 2 | 7 | 32 | 19 | 68.3% |
对比例2组 | 60 | 2 | 14 | 36 | 8 | 86.7% |
从表2中可以看出,本发明艾灸贴对各种类型关节炎所致的膝关节僵硬和疼痛的治疗总有效率达到了95.0%,无论是总有效率还是痊愈率均明显高于对比例组,由此也证实了向艾灸贴药包配方中加入蕨麻组分可显著改善其对关节僵硬和疼痛的治疗效果。
经过7天治疗和7天随访后,各试验组不良反应统计结果参见下表。
表3各试验组不良反应统计表
组别 | 例数 | 上火 | 红疹 | 皮肤潮红 | 发生率(%) |
阳性药组 | 60 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 18.3% |
实施例1组 | 60 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 21.7% |
对比例1组 | 60 | 7 | 5 | 22 | 56.7% |
对比例2组 | 60 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 13.3% |
从表3中可以看出,实施例1组和对比例2组的不良反应发生率明显低于对比例1组,从而说明向艾灸贴药包配方中加入经特定工艺制备的板栗壳粉有助于减少上火、红疹、皮肤潮红等不良反应的发生。
以上对本发明优选的具体实施方式和实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式和实施例,在本领域技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明构思的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于温经通络、除湿止痛的长效艾灸贴,它是由药包和发热包组成,所述药包黏贴在所述发热包上制成长效艾灸贴,其特征在于:
所述药包由下述重量份的原料制成:
陈艾85-92, 干姜2.5-3.0, 蕨麻3.5-5.0,
板栗壳2.0-2.5, 生青盐1.2-1.6, 大葱根蒂1.2-1.6,
艾草精油0.1-0.8;
所述发热包由发热矿粉制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于其中所述药包经下述步骤制得:
(1)将陈艾、干姜、生青盐和大葱根蒂干燥、混合、粉碎后过80目筛,得到混合药粉;
(2)将蕨麻洗净干燥后置于120-125℃的炒锅中炒制30分钟,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到蕨麻粉;
(3)将板栗壳洗净干燥后置于200-220℃的炒锅中连续炒制至完全碳化,冷却后粉碎,过80目筛得到板栗壳粉;
(4)将上述混合药粉、蕨麻粉和板栗壳粉混合,搅拌均匀后缓慢地将艾草精油加入其中,边加入边研磨,直至成为流水状细粒粉末混合体,将所得流水状细粒粉末混合体装入无纺布袋中,即得到所述药包。
3.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其中制得所述药包的各原料的重量份是:
陈艾90, 干姜2.8, 蕨麻4.5,
板栗壳2.4, 生青盐1.5, 大葱根蒂1.5,
艾草精油0.5。
4.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于制得所述药包的原料还包括下述重量份的:
5.如权利要求4所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于制得所述药包的原料还包括下述重量份的:
没药0.8-1.2, 白芷0.5-0.6, 木通0.3-0.4,
夜明砂0.3-0.4, 生五灵脂0.5-0.6。
6.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于制得所述药包的原料还包括下述重量份的:
7.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于制得所述药包的原料还包括下述重量份的:
竹醋2.0-2.5, 竹炭1.2-1.6, 贝壳硬蛋白粉1.0-1.2,
抗坏血酸0.2-0.3, 桔梗根提取物0.5-0.8。
8.如权利要求1所述的长效艾灸贴,其特征在于制得所述药包的原料还包括下述重量份的:洋甘菊提取物2.5-3.0。
9.如权利要求1-8任一项所述的长效艾灸贴在制备外用除湿止痛药物中的应用。
10.如权利要求1-8任一项所述的长效艾灸贴在制备治疗宫寒、痛经、神经衰弱、失眠、头痛、胃痛、便秘、腹泻、腹痛、感冒、小儿惊厥、高血压、糖尿病、眼部疲劳或减肥外用药物中的应用。
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