CN109295913B - Bottom surface fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device - Google Patents
Bottom surface fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109295913B CN109295913B CN201810974192.4A CN201810974192A CN109295913B CN 109295913 B CN109295913 B CN 109295913B CN 201810974192 A CN201810974192 A CN 201810974192A CN 109295913 B CN109295913 B CN 109295913B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device which comprises an experiment water tank, a flexible water bag breakwater model, a light source and a camera, wherein the experiment water tank is fixed on the bottom of the experiment water tank; the flexible water bag breakwater model is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the light source is arranged above or below the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the light source is projected onto the breakwater model to form a light band; the camera is arranged on the experimental water tank to shoot the outer surface or the inner surface of the flexible water bag breakwater; the experimental device is simple and reliable, and the experimental reproducibility is strong. Whole experimental apparatus except flexible water pocket breakwater model, need not to use special customized experimental device, the installation of experimental apparatus is also convenient and fast equally, has simplified the whole preparation process that is the experiment greatly. The experimental device has small influence on the flow field in the whole experimental process, and effectively reduces experimental errors while obtaining reliable experimental results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the design of a hydraulics experimental model, and particularly relates to a monitoring experimental device for the section deformation of a flexible water bag breakwater with a fixed bottom surface.
Technical Field
The breakwater is a common harbor and coast engineering structure, is used for defending the invasion and attack of sea waves to harbors and operation areas, maintains the stability of water areas in a protection area, ensures the safety of ship berthing, mooring, loading and unloading operation, ocean engineering construction operation, ocean cultivation, offshore sports and the like, and improves the time of ocean operation windows.
The structural form of the breakwater is an important factor influencing the effect of the wolf, wave-breaking mechanisms of various types of breakwaters are different, and the following wave-breaking processes are mainly summarized:
(1) the wave energy is reflected, using the partially reflected energy at the front of the bank.
(2) The interference energy dissipation between wave trains forms the mutual drag and offset of the wave motion between two waves because the frequency of the transmitted waves is different from the frequency of the waves generated by the motion of the structure.
(3) The energy dissipation is realized by turbulent fluctuation, and the original regular motion of wave particles is changed into disordered turbulent fluctuation by the collision friction and the streaming formed by the interaction of the water body and the structure, so that the energy dissipation purpose is realized.
(4) The wave force does work, and the wave force makes the structure produce the work of displacement or deformation, and part of the work is irreversible energy consumption.
Compared with other types of breakwaters, the flexible breakwater has certain advantages in the aspects of turbulent energy dissipation and wave force work. Flexible materials are ubiquitous in our lives, but their use in the breakwater field has been attempted only gradually over thirty years. The application of the flexible material to the field of the breakwater is an innovation with important significance. Therefore, the wave-absorbing effect of the flexible breakwater needs to be verified, the internal wave-absorbing mechanism of the flexible breakwater is researched, and the flexible surface deformation and the change characteristics of a nearby flow field under a specific working condition need to be solved through a proper way.
The existing theoretical analysis method cannot accurately analyze the physical process well due to the fact that the flexible breakwater structure wave absorption process is quite complex, the fluid-solid coupling process is involved, and the nonlinear processes such as elastic body deformation are involved. Therefore, a great deal of experimental research data and numerical simulation technology are mainly adopted to measure the wave-absorbing effect of the breakwater at present. The data from the experimental studies are often compared with the results of numerical simulations to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation techniques. Therefore, the physical model experiment has important significance for the research of the structure problem of the flexible water bag breakwater.
In the current wave water tank experiment, a method for monitoring the section deformation of the flexible body is not perfect. If the deformation of the section of the flexible water bag breakwater cannot be accurately monitored in the physical model experiment, the calculation result of numerical simulation cannot be qualitatively and quantitatively compared with the physical model experiment result, and the numerical simulation method and the physical model experiment cannot be further improved. Therefore, in order to compare the section deformation result in the object model experiment with the corresponding result in the numerical simulation calculation, a method with smaller error, smaller operation difficulty and more convenience needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the flexible water bag breakwater trough experimental device, the invention provides the flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experimental device with the fixed bottom surface for more accurately and simply monitoring the deformation condition of the section selected by the elastomer in the experimental process.
In order to achieve the purpose, according to different specific conditions of the experimental water tank, the number of the cameras required to be monitored is different according to different light source positions, so that the following two technical schemes are provided:
the first scheme is as follows:
the invention discloses a bottom fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device which comprises an experiment water tank, a flexible water bag breakwater model, a light source and a camera;
the flexible water bag breakwater model is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the light source is arranged above the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the three cameras are arranged on the experimental water tank and used for shooting the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater;
the light source contain light tight lamp shade, a linear gap has been seted up in the direction of lamp shade projection flexible water pocket breakwater model, makes the light source project and forms a light band on the breakwater model.
Furthermore, the cameras are high-speed cameras, and three cameras shoot synchronously; the distance between the centers of the three cameras and the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is the same, and the included angles formed by the connecting line of the centers of the three cameras and the semi-circle center of the side surface of the breakwater and the bottom surface are different, wherein the included angle formed by the left camera and the right camera is 30 degrees, and the included angle formed by the middle camera is 90 degrees.
Furthermore, the height of the light source from the water surface of the test water tank is 40-50 cm.
Furthermore, the flexible water bag breakwater model is in a semi-cylindrical shape, the interior of the flexible water bag breakwater model is filled with water, the surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is made of flexible materials, and nonlinear deformation can occur.
Furthermore, the light source is an incandescent lamp with the power of 60W or more.
Furthermore, the side surface of the experimental water tank is made of transparent glass.
Further, the width of the optical tape is 5mm-10 mm; the light band is located the middle part of breakwater surface, and the light band is parallel to the basin lateral wall.
Scheme II:
the invention discloses a bottom fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device which comprises an experiment water tank, a flexible water bag breakwater model, a light source and a camera;
the flexible water bag breakwater model is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the bottom surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model and the bottom of the experimental water tank are made of transparent materials; the light source is arranged right below the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the camera is arranged on the end face of the flexible water bag breakwater model to shoot the inner surface of the breakwater model;
the light source contain light tight lamp shade, a linear gap has been seted up in the direction of lamp shade projection flexible water pocket breakwater model, makes the light source project and forms a light band on the breakwater model.
Furthermore, the camera is a high-speed camera, is positioned on the side wall of the water tank, is positioned on the symmetrical plane of the flexible water bag breakwater, and is half of the height of the breakwater from the bottom of the breakwater.
Furthermore, the flexible water bag breakwater model is in a semi-cylindrical shape, the interior of the flexible water bag breakwater model is filled with water, the arc-shaped outer surface is made of flexible materials, and transparent toughened glass or thin steel plates can be selected from other three surfaces of the flexible water bag breakwater model.
Furthermore, the light source is an incandescent lamp with the power of 60W or more.
Furthermore, the side surface of the experimental water tank is made of transparent glass.
Further, the width of the optical tape is 5mm-10 mm; the light band is located the middle part of breakwater internal surface, and the light band is parallel to the basin lateral wall.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the gap of the method for monitoring the section of the flexible breakwater is filled, and a solid foundation is laid for the improvement of the experiment method in the future. The research on the non-linear deformation section of the flexible body is always a difficult point of a hydraulics model experiment, and the difficulty lies in that no suitable method for monitoring the section of the deformation of the flexible body exists. The experimental device provided by the invention is expanded, and the requirements of most of flexible body breakwater section monitoring experiments can be at least met.
2. The experimental device is simple and reliable, and the experimental reproducibility is strong. The whole experimental device does not need to use special customized experimental equipment except the flexible water bag breakwater model. The experimental model provided by the invention is made of common industrial materials, is simple and easy to obtain, is also convenient and quick to install, and greatly simplifies the whole preparation process of the experiment.
3. The experimental device has small influence on the flow field in the whole experimental process, and effectively reduces experimental errors while obtaining reliable experimental results.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental overall arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second experimental overall arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a camera arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second camera arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a light source according to the present invention;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a flexible water bag breakwater model, 2-a light band, 3-a high-speed camera, 4-a light source and 5-an opaque lampshade.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
the flexible water bag breakwater model 1 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the light source 4 is arranged above the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the three high-speed cameras 3 are arranged on the experimental water tank and used for shooting the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater 1;
as shown in fig. 5, the light source 4 includes an opaque lamp shade 5, and a linear slit is formed in the lamp shade in the direction of projecting to the flexible water bag breakwater model, so that the light source projects to the breakwater model to form a light band 2.
Preferably, the high-speed cameras are high-speed cameras, and three high-speed cameras shoot synchronously; the distance between the centers of the three high-speed cameras and the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is the same, and the included angles formed by the connecting line of the centers of the three high-speed cameras and the semi-circle center of the side surface of the breakwater and the bottom surface are different, wherein the included angle formed by the left high-speed camera and the right high-speed camera is 30 degrees, and the included angle formed by the middle high-speed camera is 90 degrees.
Preferably, the height of the light source from the water surface of the test water tank is 40-50 cm.
Preferably, the flexible water bag breakwater model is semi-cylindrical, the interior of the flexible water bag breakwater model is filled with water, the surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is made of flexible materials, and nonlinear deformation can occur.
Preferably, the light source is an incandescent lamp with power of 60W or more.
Preferably, the side surface of the experimental water tank is made of transparent glass.
Preferably, the width of the optical tape is 5mm-10 mm; the light band is located the middle part of breakwater surface, and the light band is parallel to the basin lateral wall.
The installation process of this embodiment is as follows:
first, the respective experimental set-up and equipment were put in place. After the flexible water bag breakwater 1 is filled with water, the water bag breakwater is placed in a proper position of a water tank; erecting a light source 4 above the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater, and installing a corresponding light barrier; three high-speed cameras 3 were mounted on the side wall of the tank in the manner shown in fig. 3.
Then, whether the test device state is normal is checked. Three high-speed cameras need to be taken in a trial mode to check the quality of the taken pictures and whether the pictures are taken synchronously; whether the light band formed by the light source is suitable or not is not suitable, whether the light band is too thick or too thin is not suitable, and the width of the light band is preferably 5mm-10 mm.
And finally, carrying out an experiment according to the set working condition to obtain experiment data, and processing the experiment data.
the flexible water bag breakwater model is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the bottom surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model and the bottom of the experimental water tank are made of transparent materials; the light source is arranged right below the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the high-speed camera is arranged on the end face of the flexible water bag breakwater model and shoots the inner surface of the breakwater model;
the light source contain light tight lamp shade, a linear gap has been seted up in the direction of lamp shade projection flexible water pocket breakwater model, makes the light source project and forms a light band on the breakwater model.
Preferably, the high-speed camera is a high-speed camera, is positioned on the side wall of the water tank, is positioned on the symmetrical plane of the flexible water bag breakwater, and is half of the height of the breakwater from the bottom of the breakwater.
Preferably, the flexible water bag breakwater model is in a semi-cylindrical shape, the interior of the flexible water bag breakwater model is filled with water, the arc-shaped outer surface is made of flexible materials, and transparent toughened glass or a thin steel plate can be selected from other three surfaces.
Preferably, the light source is an incandescent lamp with power of 60W or more.
Preferably, the side surface of the experimental water tank is made of transparent glass.
Preferably, the width of the optical tape is 5mm-10 mm; the light band is located the middle part of breakwater internal surface, and the light band is parallel to the basin lateral wall.
The installation process of this embodiment is as follows:
first, the respective experimental set-up and equipment were put in place. After the flexible water bag breakwater 1 is filled with water, the water bag breakwater is placed in a proper position of a water tank; erecting a light source 4 on the ground below the bottom of the water tank at a position right below the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater, and installing a corresponding light barrier; the high speed camera 3 is mounted on the side wall of the sink in the manner of fig. 4.
Then, whether the test device state is normal is checked. The high-speed camera needs to be taken in a trial mode so as to check the quality of the taken picture; whether the light band formed by the light source is suitable or not is not suitable, whether the light band is too thick or too thin is not suitable, and the width of the light band is preferably 5mm-10 mm.
And finally, carrying out an experiment according to the set working condition.
Claims (4)
1. A bottom fixed type flexible water bag breakwater section deformation monitoring experiment device is characterized by comprising an experiment water tank, a flexible water bag breakwater model, a first light source, a second light source, a first camera and a second camera;
the flexible water bag breakwater model is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the bottom surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model and the bottom of the experimental water tank are made of transparent materials; the first light source is arranged above the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the three first cameras are arranged on the experimental water tank and used for shooting the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater; the second light source is arranged right below the middle part of the flexible water bag breakwater model; the second camera is arranged on the end face of the flexible water bag breakwater model and shoots the inner surface of the breakwater model;
the first light source and the second light source comprise light-tight lamp shades, and the lamp shades are provided with linear gaps in the direction of projecting to the flexible water bag breakwater model, so that the first light source and the second light source form a light band when projecting to the breakwater model;
the first cameras are high-speed cameras, and three first cameras shoot synchronously; the distance between the centers of the three first cameras and the outer surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is the same, and the included angles formed by the connecting line of the centers of the three first cameras and the semi-circle center of the side surface of the breakwater and the bottom surface are different, wherein the included angle formed by the left first camera and the right first camera is 30 degrees, and the included angle formed by the middle camera is 90 degrees;
the second camera is a high-speed camera, is positioned on the side wall of the water tank, is positioned on the symmetrical surface of the flexible water bag breakwater, and is half of the height of the breakwater from the bottom of the breakwater;
the flexible water bag breakwater model is in a semi-cylindrical shape, the interior of the flexible water bag breakwater model is filled with water, and the surface of the flexible water bag breakwater model is made of flexible materials and can generate nonlinear deformation;
the width of the light band is 5mm-10 mm; the light band is located the middle part of breakwater surface or internal surface, and the light band is parallel to the basin lateral wall.
2. The experimental device for monitoring the deformation of the section of the breakwater with the fixed flexible water bag on the bottom surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the light source from the water surface of the test water tank is 40-50 cm.
3. The experimental apparatus for monitoring the deformation of the section of the breakwater with the fixed flexible water bag on the bottom surface of claim 1, wherein the first light source and the second light source are incandescent lamps with the power of 60W or more.
4. The experimental device for monitoring the deformation of the section of the breakwater with the fixed flexible water bag on the bottom surface of claim 1, wherein the side surface of the experimental water tank is made of transparent glass.
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