CN109285436B - Physical simulation experiment device and method for walking and sliding structure in hypergravity environment - Google Patents
Physical simulation experiment device and method for walking and sliding structure in hypergravity environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a walking and sliding structure physical simulation experiment device and an experiment method for a supergravity environment, wherein the experiment device comprises an experiment box and a power device, the experiment box comprises an experiment box fixed baffle and two experiment box bottom plates, two sides of each experiment box bottom plate are respectively provided with a movable baffle and a movable drive plate, the movable baffles and the movable drive plates on the two sides are arranged in a staggered manner, and the bottoms of the experiment box bottom plates are arranged on a guide rail of the experiment box bottom plate through experiment box bottom plate sliding blocks; under the action of the power device, each experimental box bottom plate drives the power drive plate and the movable baffle plate which are connected with each other to move, and experimental materials in the experimental box can be deformed in a staggered mode. The experimental device completes the arrangement of experimental materials in an experimental box under the condition of normal gravity; under the centrifugal force condition, the power devices on the two sides of the constructed physical simulation experiment box are automatically controlled, so that the constructed physical simulation experiment box completes the deep-layer walking and sliding constructed physical simulation experiment, and an instant geological structure evolution process model is provided for researchers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and an experimental method, in particular to a walking and sliding structure physical simulation experimental device and an experimental method used in a hypergravity environment.
Background
Physical modeling of geological formations has been known for over two hundred years. The research in the field is not substantially developed until the similarity theory is established in the 30 th century (Hubbert,1937 and finally becomes the most main means for researching the deformation rule, the formation process and the cause mechanism of the geological structure.
The physical simulation method of the structural deformation obtains remarkable effect in the field of structural geology research at home and abroad, and various related laboratories are established in some famous universities and research institutes at home and abroad, such as Stanford university, rice university, London university in England, Berney university in Switzerland and the like. In China, a structure physical simulation laboratory is successively established in high schools such as Nanjing university, China geological university (Beijing), university of Chengdu rationality, China Petroleum university (Beijing), and the like, and is mainly used for experimental research of simulation of structure deformation physical simulation. However, most of the construction physical simulation experiments were performed in a flask experiment under normal gravity conditions. The constant gravity constructed physical simulation experiment has great limitation in the aspect of deep layer construction process physical simulation related to problems of rock flow deformation (such as upward flowing of a mantle column, convection of a soft flow ring, flowing of an underground crust, and a magma and paste salt stratum diapir) and the like, and the constant gravity constructed physical simulation experiment can simulate a vivid constructed deformation form, but lacks stress influence factors of the constructed deformation.
For the geographical problems related to gravity, centrifuges have an irreplaceable role. The centrifugal machine can realize a hypergravity environment with hundreds of times or even more than 1000 times of normal gravity, so that an actual geologic body can be reduced into a geologic model, and the geologic model can be researched in a laboratory. For the rock in the earth's crust, gravity is the main factor controlling its destruction and deformation, and the related physical simulation experiment using a centrifuge is the inevitable choice. Physical simulation based on the centrifuge hypergravity environment was first conducted in Ramberg,1967, and then in the construction simulation laboratories of pennisal university, canada, and italy, university of florisia, etc., and foreign scholars published corresponding results (Harris & Koyi (2003, JSG), Acocella (2008, EPSL), Noble & Dixon (2011, JSG), Corti & doley (2015, tectophysics), Dietl & Koyi (2011, JSG), etc.
The development of the simulation experiment of the centrifuge in the hypergravity environment is an effective way for solving the problems of the physical simulation experiment of the normal gravity structure, however, the long-arm large-scale centrifuge has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost, and the physical simulation of the centrifuge in the hypergravity field environment mostly adopts a drum centrifuge with low manufacturing cost and small size. Although the highest gravity acceleration of the geological structure simulation device of the drum centrifuge can reach more than 1000g, the size of an experimental model is extremely small (the maximum is more than ten centimeters, the actual geological structure phenomenon is difficult to be simulated finely, and because the space of an experimental cabin is narrow, a force application part and a real-time observation instrument cannot be equipped like a normal gravity experimental device, the deformation rate is difficult to be controlled precisely and the whole deformation process is difficult to be recorded synchronously.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a walking and sliding structure physical simulation experiment device of a hypergravity environment geological structure evolution process model for researchers; the second purpose of the invention is to provide an experimental method using the experimental device.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a walking and sliding structure physical simulation experiment device for a supergravity environment, which comprises an experiment box and a power device, wherein the experiment box and the power device are positioned in an experiment cabin and used for arranging experiment materials; under the action of the power device, each experimental box bottom plate drives the power drive plate and the movable baffle plate which are connected with each other to move, and experimental materials in the experimental box can be deformed in a staggered mode.
The invention also comprises a movable support frame positioned at the tops of the movable baffle plate and the movable drive plate, wherein a weight support sliding rail is arranged at the top of the fixed baffle plate of the experimental box, and two sides of the movable support frame slide in the weight support sliding rail through weight support sliding blocks.
Preferably, the power device comprises a hydraulic cylinder connected with the movable driving plate, and the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the bottom plate of the experiment cabin through a hydraulic cylinder fixing base.
A movable central baffle of the test box for preventing the leakage of the test chamber material during movement is arranged between the movable baffle and the movable driving plate which are positioned at the outer side of the test box.
Further, the top of the experiment cabin is provided with a three-dimensional scanner, and the three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the top of the experiment cabin through a three-dimensional scanner bracket.
The experimental cabin is arranged in a basket of the centrifugal machine, the centrifugal machine is further provided with a motion control device, the motion control device is connected with a computer outside the centrifugal machine in a wired or wireless mode, and meanwhile, the motion control device is connected with an experimental device in the basket through a conducting wire and a signal wire.
The motion control equipment is a power control cabinet, the power control cabinet is connected with a computer outside the centrifuge in a wired or wireless mode, meanwhile, the power control cabinet is connected with a hydraulic station and a hydraulic control cabinet at the outer rotation center of the centrifuge through a conductive sliding ring, the hydraulic station and the hydraulic control cabinet are respectively connected with a hydraulic circuit, a conductive wire and a signal wire on a rotating arm of the centrifuge, and the hydraulic circuit, the conductive wire and the signal wire are connected with the experiment cabin through the sliding ring.
The invention relates to an experimental method of a walking and sliding structure physical simulation experimental device for a hypergravity environment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) before the centrifuge runs and under the normal gravity environment, laying an experimental material in an experimental box, installing the experimental box into an experimental cabin in a basket of the centrifuge, and connecting related lines;
(2) presetting the rotation speed of the centrifuge or directly setting a gravity value, starting the centrifuge, and driving a power drive plate and a movable baffle plate connected with a bottom plate of the experiment box to move by a power device when the centrifuge is started to run to reach the set gravity value, so that the experiment material in the experiment box can be deformed in a staggered manner;
(3) recording deformation data of the material in the experimental box;
(4) and (5) stopping the movement of the centrifugal machine after the structural deformation is finished, and taking out the experimental box for research.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the experimental device disclosed by the invention can complete the arrangement of experimental materials in the deep-layer structure physical simulation experimental box under the condition of normal gravity; under the centrifugal force condition, the power devices on two sides of the constructed physical simulation experiment box are automatically controlled, so that the constructed physical simulation experiment box completes deep-layer walking and sliding structure physical simulation experiments, the walking and sliding structure deformation physical simulation experiment process in the experiment box is researched, and an instant geological structure evolution process model is provided for researchers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a physical simulation experiment apparatus of a walking-sliding structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the walk-slide configuration physical simulation experiment apparatus of the present invention in the direction A;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the walk-slide configuration physical simulation experiment chamber of the present invention in the direction B;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the walking-sliding structure physical simulation experiment device in a centrifuge hypergravity environment.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The physical structure simulation experiment based on the long-arm large-scale centrifuge can not only highlight the flow deformation effect of rocks in a hypergravity environment, but also simulate the large-scale deep structure evolution process, provide the most effective research means for the simulation of the deep structure process related to the rock circle scale, and is expected to become an important innovative research means for solving the important basic theoretical problems of earth science. However, it is difficult to realize a power-driven experimental box in a centrifuge environment, and in a hypergravity environment below 160g, a motor-driven experiment can be used, but in the hypergravity environment of 160g and 300g, the motor cannot work normally, and the applicant tries to drive the experimental box by a hydraulic cylinder.
The invention not only solves the problem, but also can realize the experimental simulation of the deep sliding structure.
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the experimental device of the present invention comprises an experimental box located in an experimental chamber 3 and a power device connected thereto; the experimental box comprises experimental box fixed baffles 19 positioned on the front side and the rear side and two experimental box bottom plates 21 positioned between the experimental box fixed baffles 19, wherein a movable baffle 25 and a movable driving plate 24 are respectively arranged on two sides of each experimental box bottom plate 21, the movable baffles 25 and the movable driving plates 24 on the two sides are arranged in a staggered manner, namely the movable baffle 25 and the movable driving plate 24 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of one experimental box bottom plate 21, and the movable driving plate 24 and the movable baffle 25 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the other experimental box bottom plate 21; the bottom of the experiment box bottom plate 21 is arranged on the experiment box bottom plate guide rail 14 through an experiment box bottom plate slide block 20, and experiment materials are distributed in the experiment box; the movable support frame 16 is positioned at the top of the movable baffle 25 and the movable driving plate 24, the top of the experiment box fixed baffle 19 is provided with a weight support slide rail 17, and two sides of the movable support frame 16 slide in the weight support slide rail 17 through weight support sliding blocks 18. The experimental box moving center baffle 15 is vertically and fixedly installed between the moving baffle 25 and the moving driving plate 24 outside the experimental box for preventing the leakage of the experimental cabin material during moving. The power device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 12 connected with a movable driving plate 24, and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate of the experiment chamber 3 through a hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13. Under the action of the power device, each experimental box bottom plate 21 drives the power drive plate 24 and the movable baffle plate 25 which are connected with each other to move, so that experimental materials in the experimental box can be deformed in a staggered mode. The experiment chamber 3 is provided with a three-dimensional scanner 22 at the top, and the three-dimensional scanner 22 is arranged at the top of the experiment chamber 3 through a three-dimensional scanner bracket 23.
As shown in fig. 4, the experiment chamber 3 is arranged in a basket 2 of the centrifuge 1, the centrifuge 1 is further provided with a motion control device, the motion control device is connected with a computer 8 outside the centrifuge 1 in a wired or wireless mode, and the motion control device is connected with an experiment device in the basket through a conducting wire and a signal wire 9.
In specific implementation, the motion control device is a power control cabinet 4, the power control cabinet 4 is connected with a computer 8 outside the centrifuge 1 in a wired or wireless mode, meanwhile, the power control cabinet 4 is connected with a hydraulic station 5 and a hydraulic control cabinet 7 at a rotation center outside the centrifuge 1 through a conductive slip ring 6, the hydraulic station 5 and the hydraulic control cabinet 7 are respectively connected with a hydraulic circuit 10 and a conductive wire and a signal wire 9 on a rotating arm of the centrifuge 1, the hydraulic circuit 10 and the conductive wire and signal wire 9 are connected with a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 12 in the experiment chamber 3 through a slip ring 11, and the experiment chamber 3 starts to work after the centrifuge runs to a certain gravity acceleration.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
(1) before the centrifuge 1 runs and under the environment of normal gravity, laying experimental materials in an experimental box, installing the experimental materials into an experimental cabin 3 in a centrifuge basket (2), and connecting related lines;
(2) presetting the rotation speed of the centrifuge 1 or directly setting a gravity value, starting the centrifuge 1, and driving a power drive plate 24 and a movable baffle 25 connected with a bottom plate 21 of the experiment box to move by a hydraulic cylinder 12 when the centrifuge is started to operate to reach the set gravity value, so that the experiment material in the experiment box can be deformed in a dislocation way;
(3) the three-dimensional scanner 22 records deformation data of the material in the experiment box;
(4) after the structural deformation is completed, the centrifuge 1 is stopped, and the experimental box is taken out for slice study.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a walk smooth structure physical simulation experimental apparatus that is used for hypergravity environment which characterized in that: the experimental box comprises an experimental box and a power device, wherein the experimental box is positioned in the experimental cabin (3) and used for arranging experimental materials, the power device is connected with the experimental box, the experimental box comprises experimental box fixed baffles (19) positioned at the front side and the rear side and two experimental box bottom plates (21) positioned between the experimental box fixed baffles (19), two sides of each experimental box bottom plate (21) are respectively provided with a movable baffle (25) and a movable driving plate (24), the movable baffles (25) and the movable driving plates (24) at the two sides are arranged in a staggered manner, and the bottom of each experimental box bottom plate (21) is arranged on an experimental box bottom plate guide rail (14) through an experimental box bottom plate sliding block (20); under the action of a power device, each experiment box bottom plate (21) respectively drives a mobile driving plate (24) and a mobile baffle plate (25) which are respectively connected to the experiment box bottom plates to move, so that experiment materials in the experiment box can be deformed in a staggered mode; the test box is characterized by further comprising a movable support frame (16) located at the top of the movable baffle (25) and the top of the movable driving plate (24), wherein a weight supporting slide rail (17) is arranged at the top of the experiment box fixed baffle (19), and two sides of the movable support frame (16) slide in the weight supporting slide rail (17) through weight supporting slide blocks (18).
2. The assay device of claim 1, wherein: the power device comprises a hydraulic cylinder (12) connected with a movable driving plate (24), and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a bottom plate of the experiment cabin (3) through a hydraulic cylinder fixing base (13).
3. The assay device of claim 1, wherein: a test box moving central baffle (15) for preventing the leakage of the test chamber materials during moving is arranged between a moving baffle (25) and a moving driving plate (24) which are positioned at the outer side of the test box.
4. The assay device of claim 1, wherein: the top of the experiment cabin (3) is provided with a three-dimensional scanner (22), and the three-dimensional scanner (22) is arranged on the top of the experiment cabin (3) through a three-dimensional scanner bracket (23).
5. The assay device of claim 1, wherein: experiment cabin (3) are located in centrifuge hanging flower basket (2) of centrifuge (1), still be equipped with motion control equipment on centrifuge (1), this motion control equipment is connected with outer computer (8) of centrifuge (1) through wired or wireless mode, and this motion control equipment passes through the experimental apparatus in electric lead and signal line (9) connection hanging flower basket simultaneously.
6. The assay device of claim 5, wherein: the movement control equipment is a power control cabinet (4), the power control cabinet (4) is connected with a computer (8) outside the centrifugal machine (1) in a wired or wireless mode, meanwhile, the power control cabinet (4) is connected with a hydraulic station (5) and a hydraulic control cabinet (7) of an outer rotation center of the centrifugal machine (1) through a conductive sliding ring (6), the hydraulic station (5) and the hydraulic control cabinet (7) are respectively connected with a hydraulic circuit (10) and a conductive wire and a signal wire (9) on a rotating arm of the centrifugal machine (1), and the hydraulic circuit (10) and the conductive wire and the signal wire (9) are connected with the experiment chamber (3) through a sliding ring (11).
7. An experimental method for constructing a physical simulation experimental device by using the walking and sliding structure for the hypergravity environment according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before the centrifuge (1) operates and under the environment of normal gravity, laying experimental materials in an experimental box, installing the experimental materials into an experimental cabin (3) in a centrifuge basket (2), and connecting related lines;
(2) presetting the rotation speed of the centrifugal machine (1) or directly setting a gravity value, starting the centrifugal machine (1) to enable the centrifugal machine (1) to run until the set gravity value is reached, driving a movable driving plate (24) and a movable baffle plate (25) connected with a bottom plate (21) of the experiment box to move by a power device, and enabling experiment materials in the experiment box to be deformed in a staggered mode;
(3) recording deformation data of the material in the experimental box;
(4) and (5) stopping the movement of the centrifuge (1) after the structural deformation is finished, and taking out the experimental box for research.
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