CN109283751A - 一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器 - Google Patents

一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器 Download PDF

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CN109283751A
CN109283751A CN201811254024.4A CN201811254024A CN109283751A CN 109283751 A CN109283751 A CN 109283751A CN 201811254024 A CN201811254024 A CN 201811254024A CN 109283751 A CN109283751 A CN 109283751A
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王琼华
田莉兰
储繁
窦虎
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Sichuan University
Beihang University
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Abstract

本发明提出一种利用突起介电材料匹配透射区和反射区相位差的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器。该单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器包括上基板、液晶层和下基板，上基板和下基板彼此平行设置，液晶层使用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶材料。上基板包括上基板检偏器、上基板圆偏振片和上基板玻璃层；下基板包括反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起、金属漫反射膜、下基板玻璃层、下基板圆偏振片和下基板起偏器；上基板检偏器和下基板起偏器的光轴方向夹角为90°；上基板圆偏振片和下基板圆偏振片相互正交；透明介电突起镀在平面电极上，用来匹配透射区和反射区累积的相位。本发明的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器具有制作简单、驱动电压较低的特点。

Description

一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示领域，具体为一种利用突起介电材料匹配透射区和反射区相位差的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器。
背景技术
透反液晶显示器由于其在室外有良好的可读性被广泛应用于智能手机、平板显示器等。当外界光线较暗时，透反液晶显示器利用背光源来显示图像，而当外界光线较强时，直接利用外界光线显示图像，这样不但功耗低又可以保持液晶显示器的高对比度。
透反液晶显示器设计主要是匹配透射区和反射区的相位，匹配相位的方案可以分为单盒厚匹配和双盒厚匹配两类。如基于突起电极结构的单盒厚透反液晶显示器，在透射区和反射区采用不同的电极间隙实现相位匹配；如基于墙形电极结构的双盒厚透反液晶显示器，在透射区和反射区采用不同的盒厚实现相位匹配。双盒厚的透反液晶显示器的制作比单盒厚的透反液晶显示器的制作更加复杂，所以一般采用单盒厚的结构来匹配透射区和反射区的相位。
基于向列相液晶透反显示器主要存在两个缺陷：响应时间慢和对比度低。为了解决向列相液晶存在的问题，人们提出了聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶。基于克尔效应的聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶具有快速的响应速度、无需取向层、暗态呈光学各向同性等优点。传统的面内转换电极结构的蓝相液晶显示器具有较宽的视角，但是面内转换电极电场的穿透深度比较浅，从而需要较高的驱动电压(～50V)。为了降低工作电压，突起电极、加强型突起电极、波纹形电极、墙形电极结构的蓝相液晶显示器相继被提出，这些结构能够使得驱动电压降低到10V以下，但是这些结构的电极都不是平面化的，制作过程比较复杂并且很难实现。
高介电常数的介电材料由于介电常数较高，导电的能力较强，电势降的速度相对于低介电常数的材料要慢，可用于在平面电极上制作突起，从而增加电场的穿透深度，并且介电突起的制作方法比非平面电极的制作方法更加简单。
发明内容
本发明意在克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，提出一种制作简单、驱动电压低的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器。
本发明的技术解决方案如下：
该单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器包括上基板、液晶层和下基板。
所述的液晶层采用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶，蓝相液晶暗态呈光学各向同性，无需旋涂取向层，制作工艺简单；蓝相液晶响应时间为亚毫秒，可以实现时序彩色显示。
所述上基板和下基板彼此平行设置；上基板包括上基板检偏器，上基板圆偏振片和上基板玻璃层；下基板包括反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起、平面像素电极、平面公共电极、金属漫反射膜、下基板玻璃层、下基板圆偏振片和下基板起偏器；上基板检偏器和下基板起偏器的光轴方向夹角为90°；上基板圆偏振片和下基板圆偏振片由正性和负性的A波片组成且相互正交，主要用来消除反射区的暗态漏光。
所述的反射区介电突起和透射区介电突起采用相同的高介电系数的透明介电材料(介电系数在500～2000之间，透明介电材料不影响光的透过)制作；突起下表面宽度大于等于平面像素电极和平面公共电极的宽度；反射区介电突起的高度小于透射区介电突起的高度；介电突起镀在平面电极上，由于介电突起的介电系数较高，介电突起内部的电势下降速度较慢，使得电场在液晶层中穿透深度大于传统的面内转换电极结构，能降低显示器的驱动电压；并且介电突起的制作方法比非平面电极的制作方法更加简单。
所述平面像素电极、平面公共电极采用氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化铟锌(IZO)等透明导电材料制作，平面像素电极和平面公共电极彼此平行设置并且相间排列，宽度、高度和间距都相等，形成传统的面内转换电极结构。
所述金属漫反射膜采用高反射率的金属进行制作，表面坑洼不平，置于反射区像素下，用于反射外界入射的光线。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器的结构示意图。
附图2为本发明实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器的透射区等对比度视角图。
附图3为本发明实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器的反射区等对比度视角图。
附图4为本发明实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器的电压-透射率和电压-反射率曲线及归一化后的电压-透射率和电压-反射率曲线。
上述各附图中的图示标号为：
1上基板检偏器，2上基板圆偏振片，3上基板玻璃层，4液晶层，5反射区介电突起、6透射区介电突起、7平面像素电极、8平面公共电极、9金属漫反射膜、10下基板玻璃层、11下基板圆偏振片和12下基板起偏器，13上基板，14下基板。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员能更进一步了解本发明，下面将结合附图详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。
附图1是本发明的实施例的一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器，该显示器包括上基板、液晶层和下基板。所述上基板和下基板彼此平行设置；上基板包括上基板检偏器，上基板圆偏振片和上基板玻璃层；下基板包括反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起、平面像素电极、平面公共电极、金属漫反射膜、下基板玻璃层、下基板圆偏振片和下基板起偏器；上基板检偏器和下基板起偏器的光轴方向夹角为90°；上基板圆偏振片和下基板圆偏振片由正性和负性的A波片组成且相互正交；液晶层使用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶材料；平面像素电极、平面公共电极采用透明导电材料氧化铟锡(ITO)制作，形成传统的面内转换电极；金属漫反射膜采用金属铝制作且反射膜表面粗糙；高介电系数的反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起的材料为聚合物复合材料，采用氟乙烯、三氟乙烯、三氟氯乙烯和聚苯胺按一定比例混合掺杂制作，镀在平面电极上；反射区介电突起的高度小于透射区介电突起，较高的介电突起产生的电场的穿透深度更深，从而背光源发出的光线在透射区能累积较大的相位；在电场穿透深度较浅的反射区，环境光通过金属漫反射膜反射经过液晶层两次能累积与透射区相同的相位，从而反射区和透射区累积的相位得到匹配，就能利用单一Gamma曲线进行驱动，使得驱动方式变得更加简单。当给平面像素电极施加电压时，蓝相液晶显示器处于工作状态，环境光较强时，关闭背光源进行显示，缓和强光对显示屏的冲蚀作用同时减小了能耗；环境光较弱时，打开背光源，利用背光源进行显示。
本实施例中使用的蓝相液晶材料的特性参数：蓝相液晶材料的折射率为no＝1.5，ne＝1.654，介电系数ε＝94，在波长λ＝550nm时，最大双折射Δns＝0.154，饱和电场Es＝4.15V/μm，克尔系数K＝16.3nm/V2。
本实施例中蓝相液晶盒盒厚d＝10μm；反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起有相同的介电常数ε＝2000，相同的上宽度w1＝1μm，相同的下宽度w2＝2μm，相同的间距g＝3μm，反射区介电突起的高度h1＝1μm，透射区介电突起的高度h2＝3.5μm，平面像素电极、平面公共电极有相同的宽度w＝2μm，相同的厚度，金属漫反射膜的宽度l＝8.5μm。
附图2为本发明的实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器在透射区的等对比度视角图。由附图2可知，本实施例在透射区的视角很宽且对称，整个视角范围对比度大于100:1，对比度大于1000:1的观看视角达到了60°。
附图3为本发明的实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器在反射区的等对比度视角图。由附图3可，斜视角度小于60°的对比度大于10:1。
附图4为本发明实施例的单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器透射区和反射区的电压-透射率和电压-反射率曲线及归一化后的电压-透射率和电压-反射率曲线。本发明的实施例在透射区和反射区给平面像素电极施加的峰值电压都为12.6Vrms，对应的透射区峰值透射率为71％和反射区峰值反射率为66％，即该单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器能实现单一的Gamma曲线进行驱动，大大降低了驱动难度。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，但本发明不限于此实施例。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在不脱离由权利要求书限定的本发明的精神实质和范围的情况下对其形式和细节做出的各种改变，皆应属本发明的范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器包括上基板、液晶层和下基板，上基板和下基板彼此平行设置；上基板包括上基板检偏器、上基板圆偏振片和上基板玻璃层；下基板包括反射区介电突起、透射区介电突起、平面像素电极、平面公共电极、金属漫反射膜、下基板玻璃层、下基板圆偏振片和下基板起偏器；上基板检偏器和下基板起偏器的光轴方向夹角为90°。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器，其特征为，液晶层采用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶；介电突起采用高介电系数的透明介电材料，介电突起下表面宽度大于等于平面电极宽度，镀在平面电极上，用于增加电场的穿透深度；透射区介电突起的高度大于反射区介电突起的高度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种单盒厚透反蓝相液晶显示器，其特征为，平面像素电极与平面公共电极的宽度、高度和间距都相等。
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