CN109267953A - The method and apparatus that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in classification - Google Patents
The method and apparatus that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in classification Download PDFInfo
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- CN109267953A CN109267953A CN201811061535.4A CN201811061535A CN109267953A CN 109267953 A CN109267953 A CN 109267953A CN 201811061535 A CN201811061535 A CN 201811061535A CN 109267953 A CN109267953 A CN 109267953A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 169
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 79
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001925 catabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
This disclosure relates to be classified the method and apparatus for recycling mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid, a kind of method that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in classification is provided, method includes the following steps: (A) centrifugation de-oiling；(B) eddy flow de-oiling；And the heterogeneous separation of (C) oil-water-gas.Additionally provide a kind of device for being classified and recycling mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to petroleum gas and bores the oil-containing solids Waste Disposal Technology field that Completion Operations generate, and especially relates to
And a kind of method and apparatus of discarded oil base drilling fluid recycling treatment.Specifically, present disclose provides a kind of classification recycling
The method and apparatus of mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid.
Background technique
Discarded oil base drilling fluid because have resistant to high temperatures, salt resistance erosion, be conducive to protect oil-gas Layer, raising bit speed,
It effectively prevent blocked portion, reduce a variety of advantages such as down-hole accident generation, be widely used in global bad ground or Special Drilling Operation.
Shale gas well three is opened and horizontal segment is typically for up to 1500m or more, and generating a large amount of oil patch, (individual well yield is about
250~500m3).Oil patch oil content about 10%~30%, oneself is put into " National Hazard waste catalogue " (2016), belongs to
Crude oil and natural gas extraction " sludge that waste drilling fluids disposal generates ", waste classification is HW08 waste mineral oil, and waste code is
071-001-08 will pollute ambient soil, water body, air if not being subject to harmless treatment.
The main target of oil patch processing is after realizing that waste harmless treatment, most important technical indicator are processing
Oily content in waste, its essence is the removings of oil.Oil base drilling fluid landwaste technology is discarded in the processing mainly used at present to be had:
High temperature incineration method, LRET (discarded oil-base mud landwaste resource reclaim technology), Thermal desorption technology (heat mutually separates).
High temperature incineration method is not high to discarded oil base drilling fluid resource utilization degree, and freight and risk are higher.In
State patent application CN 201610863875.3 discloses a kind of processing method of discarded oil base drilling fluid solid residue, the technique
Using vibrosieve-drying-fluidized combustion-dedusting-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration-bis- alkali desulfurization work
Skill realizes the thorough innoxious of discarded oil base drilling fluid solid residue.But the device is complicated for whole set process, land occupation is big, operation at
This height, oil recovery rate are low, and the gas that technical process generates is easy to produce secondary pollution.
Chinese invention patent ZL 201310645168.3, ZL 201410033209.8, ZL 201410033980.5, ZL
201410033210.0, which relate to the use of LRET technical treatment, discards oil base drilling fluid or drilling cuttings and recycles wherein oil base and abandoned oil
The technique and device of base drilling fluid, LRET technology using normal-temperature deep be desorbed recovery process, including centrifugal filtration, centrifugal sedimentation,
Medicament normal-temperature deep desorption, distillation condensation process, and the process of recycling circulation medicament, the technology can be realized at normal temperatures and pressures
The continuous recycling of drilling fluid, drilling fluid additive, heavy weight additive and medicament (99%), but its treatment effeciency is by discarded oil base drilling fluid
Composition influence is larger, and higher medicament price causes operating cost higher.United States Patent (USP) US 8758629 is related to a kind of similar
Chemical extraction method, with a kind of oil that environmentally friendly extractant extraction drilling cuttings includes, then with a kind of absorption of adsorbent dissolved with oil
A certain amount of potassium chloride solution separation drilling cuttings and adsorbent are added afterwards, has reached the target of drilling cuttings oil removing for the extractant divided, should
The advantages of method, is that the extractant used is environmentally friendly harmless, and the adsorbent after use is reusable by regenerating, but
Long processing period limits treating capacity, and oscillation extraction 7.5 minutes, after standing 96 hours, total petroleum hydrocarbons content was only capable of dropping in drilling cuttings
To 0.6%, processing standard is not reached.
Thermal desorption technology is because without more as attempting both at home and abroad in recent years the advantages that adding inorganic agent, oil removing more thoroughly
Discarded oil base drilling fluid landwaste processing means.Chinese invention patent ZL 201410397190.5 is related to a kind of mainly utilize and rubs
Heat mode directly heat to oil-based drill cuttings the Thermal desorption processing method of de-oiling, while in SPE-188222-MS
(Processing and Recycling Drill Cuttings at Source-Technology and Services
Adhering to Zero Discharge Legislation (well drilling detritus process and circulating resources based on zero emission standards
Change technology and service)), SPE-183600-MS (Solutions for Management of Oil on Drilled
Cuttings in the New Deepwater Oil Province of Ghana (is bored for deep water oil newly developed area of Ghana
The resolution of well landwaste)) etc. also have the report that oil base drilling fluid landwaste is discarded using the technical treatment in documents, and it is international
M-I Swaco has the development and application of the technology under well-known geophysical service company Halliburton and Schlumberger.
The United States Patent (USP) US 9725973 and US 9677354 of Halliburton is related to the base oil in a kind of recycling rejected well drilling liquid
The method of method and apparatus, this method friction heats drilling cuttings, thus make the oil in drilling cuttings, moisture vaporization, then condensing recovery,
The advantage of this method is that with being vaporized at a temperature of subatmospheric lower oil boiling point, to reach the mesh for reducing energy consumption
, and the disadvantage is that, this method can only handle the process object of low solid content, the drilling fluid of high solid content is easy to generate equipment
Serious abrasion.Chinese invention patent application CN 201610547026.7, CN201710056325.5 are disclosed through high temperature cigarette
The Thermal desorption processing method of gas indirect heating, while Jie Rui Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd is in SPE-184399-PA (Odor-
Treatment Technology for Recovered Hydrocarbons From Oily Waste in a Thermal-
Desorption Unit (Odor control technology during petroleum hydrocarbon in thermal analysis apparatus recycling oil pollutant)) report its benefit
The case where being applied at the scene with similar techniques, and so far from 2014, middle petrochemical industry Sichuan Fuling shale gas field attempts to use the U.S.
The Thermal desorption processing unit of the conduction oil indirect heating of NOV company exploitation carries out the discarded oil base drilling fluid landwaste that scene generates
Harmless treatment.But the Thermal desorption technology for either directly heating still indirect heating, always exists energy consumption in engineer application
It is high, exhaust emission is serious, drilling fluid system by high temperature, can only recovery section base oil the problems such as.
Chinese invention patent application CN 201210147625.1 is related to the place that a kind of boiling bed residual oil adds hydrogen outlet catalyst
Method and apparatus are managed, hydro-thermal eddy flow desorption technology is based on, visbreaking are regulated and controled by (1), separation is desorbed in (2) eddy flow, (3) oil-water-is urged
Three processes of agent three phase separation and resource utilization make absorption oil from solid particle using the Osima jacoti, Osima excavata of rotational flow field
Desorption is separated in surface and inner void.Hydro-thermal eddy flow desorption technology is for the oil removing of outlet catalyst equally in Jian-
Ping Li(The enhancement on the waste management of spent hydrotreating
Catalysts for residue oil by a hydrothermal-hydrocyclone process (hydro-thermal eddy flow technique
Improve the research of residual hydrogenation dead catalyst harmless treatment effect), Catalysis Today (catalysis today), 271
(2016), 163-171) document in reported.Chinese patent application CN201710821746.2 discloses a kind of oil-containing
Outlet catalyst treatment and sorting reuse method and device, are urged by the washing of (A) outlet catalyst eddy flow and online activation, (B)
Agent solvent eddy flow rotation air lift, the sorting of (C) high activated catalyst flow acceleration, (D) high activated catalyst eddy flow air lift again
With granule capturing and the processes such as (E) gas cooling and solvent condensation and removal, oil is carried out to catalyst and is mutually desorbed and sorts.On
The high speed rotation for stating high Osima jacoti, Osima excavata and catalyst granules that technology utilizes in cyclone, enhances catalyst granules hole
The desorption process of middle oil, the above method and device are catalyzed only for the oil removal treatment and reuse of outlet catalyst although meeting
The processing requirement of agent reduces petroleum hydrocarbons to the pollution of environment and has recycled part oil phase and catalyst, but after processing
Solid phase oil content is still greater than 1 mass %, and treated that solid phase oil content is even higher than 5 mass % for hydro-thermal eddy flow desorption technology,
It is unable to satisfy requirement of the discarded oil base drilling fluid harmless treatment to solid phase mineral oil in fluid less than 0.3 mass %.
Since the existing discarded generally existing energy consumption of oil base drilling fluid processing technique is high, secondary pollution is serious, processing cost is high
The problems such as, and existing cyclone deoiling technology is not able to satisfy abandoned oil base drilling fluid harmless treatment requirement, and therefore, this field
There is an urgent need to develop go out the simply discarded oil base drilling fluid landwaste processing method of efficient one kind, environmental protection, energy conservation, process flow and dress
It sets, to realize the target of discarded oil base drilling fluid and landwaste harmless treatment.
Summary of the invention
Present disclose provides methods and dress that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in a kind of novel classification
It sets, to solve problems of the prior art.
The technical problem to be solved is that: existing oil base drilling fluid landwaste processing techniques to oily phase recovery efficiency for the disclosure not
Height is especially difficult to carry out efficiently separating utilization to the oil carried in cutting grain hole, causes the waste of resource.Benefit of the invention
Realize the recycling of discarded oil base drilling fluid mud and base oil respectively with the method for centrifuge dripping and eddy flow depth de-oiling, simultaneously
Realize the purpose of solid waste reducing, harmless treatment.
It on the one hand, should present disclose provides a kind of method that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in classification
Method the following steps are included:
(A) centrifugation de-oiling: discarded oil base drilling fluid is placed in centrifugation de-oiling system, under the influence of centrifugal force, so that
Mud and drilling cuttings initial gross separation, the oil content of resulting drilling cuttings in discarded oil base drilling fluid are down to 5 mass % or lower, gained
Mud as oil base drilling fluid reuse；
(B) drilling cuttings obtained in step (A) eddy flow de-oiling: is entered into eddy flow de-oiling system in the case where the gas medium of heating carries
In system, gas medium reduces the pollutant viscosity in drilling cuttings surface and duct to drilling cuttings heating；Work in the rotational-flow shearing field of force
Under, the oil content of drilling cuttings is reduced to 0.3 mass % or lower, realize drilling cuttings with it includes oil, moisture separation,
Middle oil, moisture are carried by gas medium in the form of droplet and are moved；And
(C) heterogeneous separation of oil-water-gas: the gas medium of carrying oil, moisture droplet obtained in step (B) is set
In in heterogeneous oil-water separation system, so that the separation recovery efficiencies of oily phase are higher than 95%.
In one preferred embodiment, in step (A), the discarded oil base drilling fluid is that petroleum gas is drilled
The discarded oil base drilling fluid generated during well, it includes the features of oil-based drill cuttings be that grain shape is irregular, particle diameter distribution
Extensively, the small compact solid of porosity.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), under the action of the rotational-flow shearing field of force, bore meal particles
The motion state with air-flow revolution and rotation is presented, the period fluctuation centrifugal power that this movement generates enhances drilling cuttings surface and hole
The removing of pollutant in gap, so that the oil content of drilling cuttings be made to be reduced to 0.3 mass % or lower.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), the heating temperature range of gas medium is 70 DEG C~
It 300 DEG C, is determined by the variation of drilling fluid composition, specified lower than oil base drilling fluid uses temperature.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), gas medium include: Cryogenic air, nitrogen, hydrogen,
Dry gas, low point of gas and Natural Gas.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), the range of speeds of bore meal particles rotation in eddy flow field
It is 20,000 revolutions per seconds to 60,000 revolutions per seconds.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (C), gas medium is placed in gas-liquid coalescer, utilizes filter
Core realizes the separation with gas medium to the crown_interception of droplet, and utilizes the different realization greases of coalescence material parent hydrophobicity
Separation.
On the other hand, the device for discarding mud and base oil in oil base drilling fluid is recycled present disclose provides a kind of classification,
The device includes:
Centrifugation de-oiling system is used under the influence of centrifugal force, so that at the beginning of the mud and drilling cuttings in discarded oil base drilling fluid
Step separation, the oil content of resulting drilling cuttings are down to 5% or lower；
Gas heating system, for heating to obtained drilling cuttings, the pollutant reduced in drilling cuttings surface and duct is viscous
Degree；The eddy flow de-oiling system connecting with centrifugation de-oiling system is used under the action of the rotational-flow shearing field of force, so that drilling cuttings contains
Oil cut rate is reduced to 0.3% or lower, realize drilling cuttings with it includes oil, moisture separation；Wherein, gas heating system with
The connection of eddy flow de-oiling system；And
The heterogeneous oil-water separation system being connect with eddy flow de-oiling system, for the heterogeneous separation of oil-water-gas, so that oily
The separation recovery efficiencies of phase are higher than 95%.
In one preferred embodiment, the device further include: the feed system being connect with centrifugation de-oiling system, and
The well drilling solid control system being connect with feed system；The storage transportation system being connect with heterogeneous oil-water separation system；And with deposit
Store up the station with slurry of transportation system's connection.
In another preferred embodiment, the centrifuge that the centrifugation de-oiling system uses includes 3-foot centrifugation
Machine, flat centrifuge, horizontal centrifuge and butterfly centrifugal machine；The gas heating system includes air blower and air duct heating
Device；The eddy flow de-oiling system is made of in series and parallel cyclone；The heterogeneous oil-water separation system includes gas-liquid coalescer.
The utility model has the advantages that
The major advantage of methods and apparatus of the present invention is:
(i) it is changed using the high intensity turbulent field strength gas medium in cyclone with the intergranular convection current of oil base drilling fluid
Heat, to improve the efficiency of heating, viscosity reducing；Realize that drilling cuttings is broken using the mechanical stripping effect of the shearing force field in cyclone simultaneously
The effect of dispersion.
(ii) using the oil base drilling fluid particle of heating, viscosity reducing revolve in eddy flow field generation rectilinear oscillation centrifugation
Power removes free oil, part capillary oil, centrifugal force removing capillary oil, surface oil and the hole oil that high speed rotation generates；Due to
Revolving speed of the grain in eddy flow field can achieve tens of thousands of rpms, and the centrifugal force of generation is big, thus can sufficiently remove abandoned oil
Oil in base drilling fluid particle duct, reaches very high de-oiling efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is provided for further understanding of the disclosure, it simply forms a part of this specification with into one
Step explains the disclosure, does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows the classification in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and recycles mud and base in discarded oil base drilling fluid
The process flow of the method for plinth oil.
Fig. 2 is the organic composition for the discarded oil base drilling fluid selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 3 is the viscosity-temperature curve for the discarded oil base drilling fluid selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 4 is the particle diameter distribution for the discarded oil base drilling fluid cutting grain selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 5 is the thermogravimetric curve for the discarded oil base drilling fluid selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 6 is the mesoporous distribution for the discarded oil base drilling fluid cutting grain selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 7 is the surface area distribution for the discarded oil base drilling fluid cutting grain selected in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 8 shows oil base drilling fluid cyclone depth de-oiling effect in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Specific embodiment
Present inventor has found afterwards after extensive and in-depth study, discards the hole in oil base drilling fluid solid particle
Viscosity resistance of the gap oil in fine duct is larger, it is difficult to which detaching from hole is to discard oil base drilling fluid de-oiling efficiency not
High, drilling fluid and the low main cause of basic oil recovery rate；And in high-speed rotating eddy flow field, discard oil base drilling fluid
The rotational velocity of cutting grain can provide the centrifugal force greater than viscosity resistance up to tens of thousands of rpms for hole oil, thus from
Desorption comes out in catalyst void；The time that the process not only needs is extremely short, but also temperature needed for heating, viscosity reducing is also below biography
System technique substantially increases treatment effeciency, reduces processing energy consumption and improves the rate of recovery of oil base drilling fluid and base oil.
Based on the studies above and discovery, the present invention creatively develops a kind of classification and recycles mud in discarded oil base drilling fluid
Slurry and the method and apparatus of base oil, have that process is simple, easy to operate, de-oiling efficiency is high, low energy consumption, oil base drilling fluid and basis
The advantages that oil recovery rate is high efficiently solves problems of the prior art.The present invention using discarded oil base drilling fluid from
The centrifugal force separate drilling cuttings and mud being subject in heart de-oiling system, realize the recycling of mud；Using drilling cuttings in eddy flow field by
Fluctuation centrifugal power depth de-oiling, the recycling of optimized integration oil.Processed by the invention, the rate of recovery of oil-base mud and base oil is high
In 90%, recycling product meets drilling fluid reuse and secondary requirement with slurry；The oil content of treated oil-based drill cuttings can be down to
0.16%, while largely recycling, realize the harmless treatment of oil-based drill cuttings.
In the disclosure in a first aspect, providing a kind of be classified recycles the side for discarding mud and base oil in oil base drilling fluid
Method, method includes the following steps:
(A) centrifugation de-oiling: discarded oil base drilling fluid is in centrifugation de-oiling system, under the influence of centrifugal force, discards oil base
Mud and drilling cuttings initial gross separation in drilling fluid, the oil content of resulting drilling cuttings are down to 5% or lower, and resulting mud can be made
For oil base drilling fluid reuse；
(B) eddy flow de-oiling: drilling cuttings obtained in step (A) enters eddy flow de-oiling system in the case where the gas medium of heating carries
System, gas medium reduce the pollutant viscosity in drilling cuttings surface and duct to drilling cuttings heating；In the eddy flow high speed shear field of force
Under effect, the motion state with air-flow revolution and high speed rotation, the period fluctuation centrifugal that this movement generates is presented in bore meal particles
Power can strengthen the removing of pollutant in drilling cuttings surface and hole, so that the oil content of drilling cuttings be made to be reduced to 0.3% or lower, realize
Bore meal particles with it includes oil, moisture separation, wherein oil, moisture are carried by gas medium in the form of droplet and are transported
It is dynamic；And
(C) heterogeneous separation of oil-water-gas: the gas medium of carrying oil, moisture droplet is poly- obtained in step (B)
It ties in device and realizes the separation with gas medium using crown_interception of the filter core to droplet, and not using coalescence material parent hydrophobicity
With the separation for realizing grease, wherein the separation recovery efficiencies of oily phase are higher than 95%.
In the disclosure, the process object being directed in step (A) is mainly to generate during petroleum gas is drilled well
Discarded oil base drilling fluid, it includes the features of oil-based drill cuttings be that grain shape is irregular, particle diameter distribution is wide, porosity
Compact solid.
In the disclosure, the operating temperature range of gas heating, viscosity reducing is generally 70 DEG C~300 DEG C in step (B), specifically
Operation temperature is suitably chosen with the variation of drilling fluid composition, should use temperature lower than the specified of oil base drilling fluid in principle,
In the temperature range, oil does not mutually undergo phase transition, cracks in oil base drilling fluid, and does not destroy the original system of oil base drilling fluid, with symbol
Closing oil recovery can be used for secondary requirement with slurry.
In the disclosure, in step (B) gas heating, viscosity reducing select gas medium be air (compared under low temperature), nitrogen,
Hydrogen, dry gas, low point of gas, Natural Gas etc..
In the disclosure, the main function for depth de-oiling being realized in the eddy flow degreasing process of step (B) is that bore meal particles exist
The centrifugal force that high speed rotation in eddy flow field generates, the rotation range of speeds are 20,000 revolutions per second to 60,000 revolutions per seconds.
In the second aspect of the disclosure, a kind of dress for being classified and recycling mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid is provided
It sets, which includes: well drilling solid control system, feed system, gas heating system, centrifugation de-oiling system, eddy flow de-oiling system, non-
Homogeneous oil-water separation system, storage transportation system and station with slurry；Wherein:
The well drilling solid control system is the three-level solid controlling system that existing drilling platforms generallys use, and is removed by vibrating screen, desanding
Mud device and centrifugal chiller are at but being also not necessarily limited to above-mentioned three-level solid controlling system；The discarded oil base drilling fluid that drilling well generates is boring first
Well solid controlling system passes through the stepwise disposal of vibrating screen, desanding desilter, centrifuge, and isolated mud can be used as oil base drilling well
Liquid re-injection then needs to be further processed to drilling well containing liquid-solid phase；
The main feeding unit of the feed system includes various forms of screw rod conveyers, but is also not necessarily limited to screw rod conveying
Machine also includes the feeding devices such as chain type conveyer, belt conveyer；It is above-mentioned containing liquid-solid phase to eddy flow de-oiling system for conveying；
The gas heating system is made of air blower, duct insert heater and corresponding pipe fitting, and wherein air blower mainly includes
Roots blower, lateral flow type blower, multistage centrifugal blower etc.；Duct insert heater mainly uses electrically heated mode, works as use
Heater can be omitted when combustion of natural gas tail gas is as gas medium, and uses combustion of natural gas room, produced for lighting natural gas
The tail gas of raw certain temperature；Gas heating system reaches the gas that technique requires temperature for the conveying and generation of gas medium
Body；
The centrifuge that the centrifugation de-oiling system uses include link-suspended basket centrifuge, flat centrifuge, horizontal centrifuge,
Butterfly centrifugal machine etc., revolving speed, separative efficiency drilling cuttings oil content after satisfaction processing are not higher than 5% requirement；
The eddy flow de-oiling system is made of in series and parallel cyclone, by increasing cyclone series connection series and adjustment cyclone
Model guarantees de-oiling efficiency, meets requirement of the scene to treating capacity by increasing cyclone parallel connection series, separative efficiency need to expire
Drilling cuttings oil content is not higher than 0.3% requirement after foot processing；
The heterogeneous oil-water separation system refers mainly to gas-liquid coalescer, need to meet gas-liquid separation and water-oil separating and oily phase
The rate of recovery is higher than 95% requirement；
The storage transportation system is made of screw rod conveyer, storage tube, material stockyard, means of transport etc., for separating
The stacking of the drilling cuttings, oil, the water that obtain afterwards etc. stores and transport.
Below referring to attached drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the classification in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and recycles mud and base in discarded oil base drilling fluid
The process flow of the method for plinth oil.As shown in Figure 1, passing through drilling well solid controlling system at the scene by the discarded oil base drilling fluid that drilling well generates
Vibrating screen screening, the separation of desanding desilter, the initial gross separation of centrifuge of system 1, obtained mud can be used as drilling fluid re-injection, obtains
Drilling cuttings to liquid holdup higher (≈ 30%) delivers into centrifugation de-oiling system 4 by feed system 2；In the effect of centrifugal force
Under, the mud on drilling cuttings surface separates again with bore meal particles, and obtained mud can be used as drilling fluid re-injection, and it is lower to obtain liquid holdup
The drilling cuttings of (≤5%) by feed system 2 conveying with by gas heating system 3 heat after gas medium mix after,
Enter eddy flow de-oiling system 5 under the carrying of gas medium；In eddy flow de-oiling system 5, under the action of high-intensitive shearing force field,
While cutting grain dispersion, rupture, high speed rotation, due to the rising of temperature, oil, water in cutting grain surface and duct
Viscosity sharply declines, and reduces the obstruction of flow resistance, surface tension to degreasing process, revolution-high speed spinning motion generation
Fluctuation centrifugal power overcomes flow resistance, surface tension to enhance the deep removal of oil, moisture in cutting grain surface and hole,
After the completion of separation, the cutting grain of oil content extremely low (0.3%) (Gu) be discharged by cyclone underflow opening, in the conveying of feeding unit
Under, concentrate and stack, periodically transport outward resource utilization, and oil water mixture in the form of droplet under the carrying of gas medium by revolving
Flow the overflow port discharge of device；Above-mentioned oil water mixture droplet enters heterogeneous oil-water separation system 6 under the carrying of gas medium,
Using gas-liquid coalescer filter element material for gaseous medium, oil, moisture close and distant sex differernce, realize gas, oil, water separation, point
Gas heating system 3 can be back to through pipeline after purified treatment from obtained gas medium to recycle, it is isolated
Oil can be transported to station 8 with slurry after detection is qualified via storage transportation system 7, for configuring the purposes such as oil base drilling fluid, and separate
Obtained water can be transported to together station 8 with slurry with oil or can be used as well site water after detection is qualified or discharge on the spot.
Embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.It should be appreciated, however, that these embodiments are only used for
It is bright the present invention and be not meant to limit the scope of the invention.The test method of actual conditions is not specified in the following example, usually
According to normal conditions, or according to the normal condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, all percentage and number be by weight
Meter.
Embodiment 1:
Chongqing shale gas block oil-base mud drilling engineering carries out discarded oil base drilling well according to the method for the present invention and device
Liquid is classified recovery test, and specific operation and effect are described as follows:
1. oil base drilling fluid chip sample physico-chemical property is tested
1) oil, water, solid three-phase content measuring
The method test weighed with the oil content of Soxhlet extractor-infrared spectroscopy method test sample, Muffle furnace drying
The solid content of sample subtracts moisture content of the oil-containing containing solid method calculating sample with gross mass；The oil content for measuring sample is
19.4%, moisture content 17.5% is calculated in solid content 63.1%.
2) organic composition is tested
The organic matter map of the oil base drilling fluid landwaste measured with the method for gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is as schemed
Shown in 2.As shown in Figure 2, organic components are mainly with gasoline (C4-C12), diesel oil (C15-C24) based on alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon,
Ether etc., fraction distribution is wide (125 DEG C~402 DEG C), thus the method for heating parsing or cracking is individually used to be difficult to realize efficiently take off
It removes.
3) viscosity-temperature curve is tested
The dynamic viscosity variation of discarded oil base drilling fluid liquid sample during heating is tested with rotor viscosimeter, is such as schemed
Shown in 3, it is little to continue heating viscosity change after being heated to 128 DEG C for sample；And the dynamic viscosity of sample changes by first at this time
17500cP (centipoise) under temperature is reduced to 226cP, reduces about 80 times.Therefore discarded oil base drilling fluid can be effective by heating
Its viscosity is reduced, the selection of heated gaseous mediums temperature is and guided.
4) cutting grain partial size is tested
Since the diameter of cutting grain directly affects the size of its rotation centrifugal force being subject in cyclone, thus
Pass through CCl with laser particle analyzer test4The diameter of remaining solid particle, measures particle diameter distribution such as Fig. 4 of particle after extraction de-oiling
Shown, particle size distribution range is 0.15 μm to 976.48 μm, and average diameter is 202.73 μm, and median diameter is 163.49 μm, mark
Quasi- difference is 226.63 μm.
5) thermogravimetric is tested
In order to study the weightless process of discarded oil base drilling fluid during heating, by discarded oil base drilling fluid in nitrogen gas
During being heated to 800 DEG C by room temperature under atmosphere, the quality of test sample and the variation of heat differential sub-signal, as shown in figure 5, sample
There is significant weightlessness at 100 DEG C or so, positive peak value occurs in heat differential sub-signal, illustrates that sample largely absorbs heat, in the temperature range
It is interior, thus it is speculated that mainly the evaporation of water, the share of Mass lost are matched with water cut test experimental result；In 179~412 DEG C of temperature
In range, contour bench scalariform is presented in heat differential sub-signal, and quality at this time illustrates occur in the range still in lasting reduction
Exothermic reaction, and release heat and other components evaporation is just provided；Continue to rise with temperature, the heat that exothermic reaction is released
The heat that component evaporation needs has been higher than it, so that negative value is presented in heat differential sub-signal.
6) nitrogen adsorption is tested
Pass through carbon tetrachloride (CCl with the test of full-automatic nitrogen adsorption instrument4) Soxhlet extractor extraction oil-based drill cuttings particle
Specific surface area and pore volume, as shown in fig. 6-7, particle average surface area be 9.43m2/ g, average pore sizes are
0.0372cm3/ g, average mesopore aperture are 163.47 μm.The surface topography that the figure characterizes oil-based drill cuttings particle is irregular more
Pore system, while illustrating the difficulty of depth de-oiling.
2. implementation process
Implement referring to the method for the present invention, specific as follows:
What heated gaseous mediums were selected in the present embodiment is air, so that gas heating method is using air duct electric heating
Device；Material is conveyed using screw rod conveyer；Heterogeneous oil-water separation system is using gas-liquid coalescer.
1) air (200m is pumped by gas heating system3/ h) and after being heated to 160 DEG C, it is conveyed with through feed system
Oil-based drill cuttings (charging rate 50kg/h, centrifuge dripping after oil content≤5%) mixing after enter eddy flow de-oiling system carry out it is deep
Spend deoiling treatment.It is equipped with sample tap in the underflow opening of the every level-one of cyclone group, takes a small amount of oil-based drill cuttings particle during the experiment
As analysis sample.
2) in the coalescer of heterogeneous oil-water separation system, isolated oil and water detection are taken respectively.
3. implementation result
1) mud quality is recycled
The oil-base mud for taking centrifugation de-oiling system outlet isolated tests its performance parameter, as shown in the table:
2) de-oiling effect
With the method for theoretical calculation, calculate residence time of the cutting grain in cyclone as the processing of hot spiral-flow desorption
Time, calculated result are every grade of residence time about 0.3 second.With Soxhlet extraction extraction-infrared spectroscopy method, test from different levels
The bore meal particles oil content of cyclone underflow opening, and calculate the de-oiling efficiencies at different levels relative to initial material.As shown in figure 8, through
After crossing 2.7s processing, the oil contents of bore meal particles is 0.16%, far below GB 4284-84 " pollutant catabolic gene mark in agricultural sludge
It is quasi- " in requirement to oil content less than 0.3%, de-oiling efficiency reaches 99.2%.
3) gas, oil, water separating effect
Oil and water are sampled from above-mentioned coalescer, surveys its moisture content and oil content respectively.Moisture content range in oil sample is 5~
15%, surveying its organic component is hydro carbons and the ethers etc. based on diesel oil, meets requirement of the configuration oil base drilling fluid to oil product；
Oil content range in water sample is 15~25mg/L, and meeting GB 4914-2008, " offshore oil exploration and exploitation pollutant emission is dense
Spend limit value ", the grade III Standard of GB 8978-1996 " integrated wastewater discharge standard ".
4) equipment energy consumption is estimated
According to the energy consumption of the industrial application device of 8.4 ten thousand tons of process Estimation of energy consumption annual amount for the treatment of of test, each main electricity consumption is set
Standby energy consumption is as shown in the table:
The oily 882.61 tons of marks oil of the equivalent mark of year total energy consumption, the processing energy consumption 10.51kg mark oil of discarded oil base drilling fluid per ton.
In conclusion the operating cost of technique can be effectively reduced in the implementation of the technology, economize on resources, protects environment, meet
The strategy of sustainable development direction of petrochemical industry " low-carbon, environmental protection, efficient, energy conservation ".
Above-mentioned listed embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the disclosure, not is used to limit the implementation model of the disclosure
It encloses.Equivalence changes and modification made by i.e. all contents according to the application the scope of the patents, all should be the technology scope of the disclosure.
It is incorporated herein by reference in all documents that the disclosure refers to, it is independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to such.In addition, it should also be understood that, those skilled in the art can after having read the above-mentioned teaching content of the disclosure
To make various changes or modifications to the disclosure, such equivalent forms equally fall within model defined by the application the appended claims
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid are recycled in classification, method includes the following steps:
(A) centrifugation de-oiling: discarded oil base drilling fluid is placed in centrifugation de-oiling system, under the influence of centrifugal force, so that discarded
Mud and drilling cuttings initial gross separation in oil base drilling fluid, the oil content of resulting drilling cuttings are down to 5% or lower, and resulting mud is made
For oil base drilling fluid reuse；
(B) drilling cuttings obtained in step (A) eddy flow de-oiling: is entered into eddy flow de-oiling system in the case where the gas medium of heating carries
Interior, gas medium reduces the pollutant viscosity in drilling cuttings surface and duct to drilling cuttings heating；Effect in the rotational-flow shearing field of force
Under, the oil content of drilling cuttings is reduced to 0.3% or lower, realize drilling cuttings with it includes oil, moisture separation, wherein oil
Divide, moisture is carried by gas medium in the form of droplet and moved；And
(C) heterogeneous separation of oil-water-gas: the gas medium of carrying oil, moisture droplet obtained in step (B) is placed in non-
In homogeneous oil-water separation system, so that the separation recovery efficiencies of oily phase are higher than 95%.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (A), the discarded oil base drilling fluid is petroleum day
The discarded oil base drilling fluid generated in right pneumatic drill Completion Operations, it includes oil-based drill cuttings feature be grain shape it is irregular,
The compact solid that particle diameter distribution is wide, porosity is small.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (B), under the action of the rotational-flow shearing field of force, bore
It considers particle to be worth doing and the motion state to revolve with air-flow with rotation is presented, the period fluctuation centrifugal power that this movement generates enhances drilling cuttings table
The removing of pollutant in face and hole, so that the oil content of drilling cuttings be made to be reduced to 0.3% or lower.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (B), the heating temperature range of gas medium
It is 70 DEG C~300 DEG C, is determined by the variation of drilling fluid composition, specified lower than oil base drilling fluid uses temperature.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (B), gas medium include: Cryogenic air,
Nitrogen, hydrogen, dry gas, low point of gas and Natural Gas.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (B), turn of bore meal particles rotation in eddy flow field
Fast range is 20,000 revolutions per seconds to 60,000 revolutions per seconds.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (C), gas medium is placed in gas-liquid coalescer,
The separation with gas medium is realized using crown_interception of the filter core to droplet, and is realized using the different of coalescence material parent hydrophobicity
The separation of grease.
8. the device of mud and base oil in discarded oil base drilling fluid is recycled in a kind of classification, which includes:
Centrifugation de-oiling system (4) is used under the influence of centrifugal force, so that the mud and drilling cuttings in discarded oil base drilling fluid are preliminary
Separation, the oil content of resulting drilling cuttings are down to 5% or lower；
Gas heating system (3), for heating to obtained drilling cuttings, the pollutant reduced in drilling cuttings surface and duct is viscous
Degree；It with the eddy flow de-oiling system (5) being connect with centrifugation de-oiling system (4), is used under the action of the rotational-flow shearing field of force, so that boring
The oil content of bits is reduced to 0.3% or lower, realize drilling cuttings with it includes oil, moisture separation；Wherein, gas heats
System (3) is connect with eddy flow de-oiling system (5)；And
The heterogeneous oil-water separation system (6) being connect with eddy flow de-oiling system (5), for the heterogeneous separation of oil-water-gas, so that
The separation recovery efficiencies of oily phase are higher than 95%.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the device further include: connect with centrifugation de-oiling system (4) into
Material system (2), and the well drilling solid control system (1) being connect with feed system (2)；It is connect with heterogeneous oil-water separation system (6)
Storage transportation system (7)；And the station with slurry (8) being connect with storage transportation system (7).
10. device as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that the centrifuge packet that the centrifugation de-oiling system (4) uses
Include link-suspended basket centrifuge, flat centrifuge, horizontal centrifuge and butterfly centrifugal machine；The gas heating system (3) includes drum
Blower and duct insert heater；The eddy flow de-oiling system (5) is made of in series and parallel cyclone；The heterogeneous oil-water separation system
It (6) include gas-liquid coalescer.
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