CN109261378A - Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure - Google Patents
Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109261378A CN109261378A CN201811384198.2A CN201811384198A CN109261378A CN 109261378 A CN109261378 A CN 109261378A CN 201811384198 A CN201811384198 A CN 201811384198A CN 109261378 A CN109261378 A CN 109261378A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- gland
- hold
- down mechanism
- stationary ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structures, it is adaptable, combination sealing mode including multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure, one of helixseal structure packing seal structure with together with, not only can be suitably used for vacuum dynamic seal, but also can realize oil sealing under normal pressure;Long service life, the packing seal that there is abrasion can be opened on demand by the structure that the first screw, hold-down mechanism and gland combine, only be used under a small number of times that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes;Vacuum dynamic seal is highly reliable, designs the hold-down mechanism with spring, after guaranteeing that filler is worn, gland can still compress filler;Hold-down mechanism replacement and handover operation are simple, and arc groove corresponding with hold-down mechanism and T-slot are respectively set on gland and stationary ring, replace convenient for hold-down mechanism;Hold-down mechanism designs limit sleeve, to guarantee that the decrement of each hold-down mechanism spring is consistent, and then reduces manual operation difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical centrifuge technical fields, and in particular to large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic sealing knot
Structure.
Background technique
In geotechnical engineering field, geotechnical centrifugal model test be will contract than geotechnical model (all directions size be original shape soil
The 1/n of body) it is placed in high-speed rotating geotechnical centrifuge, using the effect of centrifugal force of n times of acceleration of gravity (also known as ng),
Reproducing the stress state of the original shape soil body, (related data is referring to Jia Puzhao stable state acceleration simulation experimental facilities-centrifuge outline
And design Beijing [M]: National Defense Industry Press, 2013).In recent years, the scale of geotechnical centrifuge is increasing, is able to achieve
Centrifugal acceleration is also higher and higher, and extensive, high acceleration centrifuge is referred to as large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge.Large high-speed
When geotechnical centrifuge is run under high-g level, a large amount of energy can be consumed because of resistance of the air to high speed rotation part, to reduce energy
Amount consumption, can vacuumize centrifuge machine room, to reduce the driving power of centrifuge.Since low pressure has certain test results
Certain influence, centrifuge machine room, which vacuumizes, is chiefly used in high-speed test (HST) operating condition, and the centrifuge more time is run under normal atmospheric pressure.
It, will also be to bearing centrifuge in addition to carrying out static seal design everywhere to machine room to realize that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes
The main shaft of revolving part carries out dynamic sealing design, to prevent lubricating oil in main shaft bearing case and air to be drawn under the vacuum of machine room
Machine room.The difficult point of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic sealing is: major axis diameter is excessive, often beyond 500mm, in addition it is super
Cross 1000mm;Maximum line velocity is high at sealing, and often beyond 20m/s, this is not available many sealing means;Due to bearing
Revolving part quality it is too big, do not allow sealing element frequently to replace, therefore very high to the life requirements of sealing element;It should realize in short-term
Between run under vacuum dynamic seal, and need to realize oil sealing under normal pressure;Geotechnical centrifuge category testing equipment, needs frequent start-stop.
Because of the above difficult point, the use of conventional seals product is limited, no person will appear that sealing effect is bad or working life is very short
The case where.
We has developed a kind of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure in order to solve problem above.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a kind of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic
Sealing structure.
The present invention through the following technical solutions to achieve the above objectives:
Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure, comprising:
Helixseal structure;Helixseal structure is made of main shaft and stationary ring, and gap is provided between main shaft and stationary ring, in master
Axis collar outer diameter side is provided with bull rectangular thread, and in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread is for driving downwards sealing
Medium;
Packing seal structure;Packing seal structure is made of main shaft, gland, filler, and filler is cyclic structure, in spindle shaft
Ring end face is equipped with the annular groove coincideing with filling-material structure, and filler is placed in annular groove;One is provided with above filler for compressing filler
Circular ring shape gland;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure;For labyrinth seal structure by rotating ring and stationary ring with being combined into, rotating ring is fixedly set in main shaft
Above and together with main shaft rotate.
Specifically, the inboard portion of rotating ring is located at main shaft collar lower part, and the exterior portion of rotating ring is located at the inside portion of stationary ring
Divide lower part, the exterior portion of stationary ring is located at the outside of the exterior portion of rotating ring;The inboard portion of gland is located at the upper of main shaft collar
Portion, the exterior portion of gland are located at the top of stationary ring;The exterior portion of stationary ring passes through multiple uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction
Second screw is mounted on the rack;Gland is mounted on stationary ring by multiple first screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;
Multiple compacting machines for for the compression and release of gland and filler adjusting uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction are provided on gland
Structure, hold-down mechanism pass through gland after be connected on stationary ring, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism apart from gland be longer than the first screw away from
The distance of the side of tripping lid.
Preferably, the first screw has been screw.
Preferably, hold-down mechanism includes: stop nut, clamp nut, gasket, spring, T-bolt;The head of T-bolt
Fixation is placed in stationary ring, and the screw portion of T-bolt is arranged across gland, and clamp nut screws in the screw portion of T-bolt, limit
Position nut screws in the screw portion of T-bolt and is placed in the top of clamp nut, and gasket covers the T-bolt in clamp nut lower part
Screw portion on;Spring pocket is placed between gasket and gland on the screw portion of T-bolt;Limit sleeve is sleeved on T
On the screw portion of type bolt.
Further, along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction, the screw portion of a T-bolt on gland
Correspondence is caught in an arc groove;Along the uniformly distributed multiple T-slots of its circumferencial direction, the head pair of a T-bolt on stationary ring
It is caught in answering in a T-slot.
Preferably, filler is admant ink material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.
Preferably, the static sealing item that multiple tracks is used to prevent rotating member clearance leakage sealing medium is set on stationary ring.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure of the invention:
1. it is adaptable, including multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure, one of helixseal structure packing seal structure with together with
Combination sealing mode not only can be suitably used for vacuum dynamic seal, but also can realize oil sealing under normal pressure.
2. long service life, the packing seal that there is abrasion can be by the combination of the first screw, hold-down mechanism and gland
Structure is opened on demand, is only used under a small number of times that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes.
3. vacuum dynamic seal is highly reliable, the hold-down mechanism with spring is designed, after guaranteeing that filler is worn, gland still can
Compress filler.
4. hold-down mechanism replacement and handover operation are simple, circle corresponding with hold-down mechanism is respectively set on gland and stationary ring
Arc slot and T-slot are replaced convenient for hold-down mechanism;Hold-down mechanism designs limit sleeve, to guarantee the compression of each hold-down mechanism spring
Amount is consistent, and then reduces manual operation difficulty.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mounting structure schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is cut-away section structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of packing seal structure, helixseal structure and labyrinth seal structure in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes detail drawing in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of hold-down mechanism in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of rotating ring in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of gland in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of stationary ring in the present invention.
In figure: 1, packing seal structure;11, filler;12, gland;121, arc groove;13, hold-down mechanism;131, spiral shell is limited
It is female;132, clamp nut;133, gasket;134, spring;135, T-bolt;136, limit sleeve;14, the first screw;2, spiral is close
Seal structure;21, stationary ring;22, the second screw;3, labyrinth seal structure;31, rotating ring;311, annular groove;312, bull rectangular thread;
32, static sealing item;4, main shaft.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:
Embodiment 1, shown in as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8,
4 movable sealing structure of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft, comprising:
Helixseal structure 2;Helixseal structure 2 is made of main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21, is provided between main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21
Gap is provided with bull rectangular thread 312 in 4 collar outer diameter side of main shaft, in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread 312
For driving sealing medium downwards;
Packing seal structure 1;Packing seal structure 1 is made of main shaft 4, gland 12, filler 11, and filler 11 is cyclic annular knot
Structure, the annular groove 311 coincideing with 11 structure of filler is equipped in 4 collar end face of main shaft, and filler 11 is placed in annular groove 311;In filler 11
Top is provided with one for compressing the circular ring shape gland 12 of filler 11;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure 3;Labyrinth seal structure 3 is matched by rotating ring 31 and stationary ring 21 to be combined into, 31 fixing sleeve of rotating ring
It is rotated together on main shaft 4 and with main shaft 4.
Labyrinth seal structure 3 and helixseal structure 2 belong to non-contact seals, operate without abrasion, and the service life is very long, are applicable in
In atmospheric pressure environment, depressurization is played in vacuum environment.And there are gaps for labyrinth seal and helixseal, under vacuum conditions not
It can prevent completely the leakage of sealing medium.The sealing of filler 11 belongs to contact sealing, and sealing effect is good, and operating has friction, true
Operation can ensure that medium No leakage in short-term under Altitude.
Filler 11 is that section is rectangular cyclic structure;
There are suitable gap, thread rotary orientation and the centrifuge (work of bull rectangular thread 312 between main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21
When single direction rotation) rotation direction is related, in centrifuge work, screw thread can drive sealing medium downwards to play sealing effect;
Labyrinth seal is arranged between rotating ring 31 and stationary ring 21, and multiple tracks labyrinth seal is arranged on stationary ring 21 and rotating ring 31,
Specially (it can be corresponding 31 groove of rotating ring of 21 protrusion of stationary ring, also in several corresponding protrusions of radial and axial setting or groove
Can be that 21 groove of stationary ring corresponds to 31 protrusion of rotating ring;Using radially in the present embodiment, protrusion, stationary ring 21 is arranged in rotating ring 31
Groove is set, and 31 protrusion of rotating ring forms first of labyrinth seal structure 3 with 21 groove of stationary ring, and in the axial direction, rotating ring 31 is arranged recessed
Protrusion, 21 protrusion composition second labyrinth seal structure 3 of 31 groove of rotating ring and stationary ring is arranged in slot, stationary ring 21).
Embodiment 2, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the inboard portion of rotating ring 31 is located at 4 collar lower part of main shaft, rotating ring 31
Exterior portion be located at the inboard portion lower part of stationary ring 21, the exterior portion of stationary ring 21 is located at the outer of the exterior portion of rotating ring 31
Side;The inboard portion of gland 12 is located at the top of 4 collar of main shaft, and the exterior portion of gland 12 is located at the top of stationary ring 21;Stationary ring
21 exterior portion is mounted on the rack by multiple second screws 22 uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;Gland 12 passes through more
A first screw 14 uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction is mounted on stationary ring 21;It is provided on gland 12 multiple along its circumference side
To the uniformly distributed hold-down mechanism 13 adjusted for the compression and release of gland 12 and filler 11, hold-down mechanism 13 passes through gland
It is connected to after 12 on stationary ring 21, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism 13 apart from gland 12 is longer than the first screw 14 apart from gland 12
The distance of side.
Embodiment 3, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from example 2 is that: the first screw 14 has been screw.
Embodiment 4, as shown in figure 5,
The present embodiment the difference from example 2 is that: hold-down mechanism 13 include: stop nut 131, clamp nut 132, pad
Piece 133, spring 134, T-bolt 135;The head fixation of T-bolt 135 is placed in stationary ring 21, the threaded shank of T-bolt 135
Divide and be arranged across gland 12, clamp nut 132 screws in the screw portion of T-bolt 135, and stop nut 131 screws in T-bolt
135 screw portion and the top for being placed in clamp nut 132,133 sets of the gasket T-bolts 135 in 132 lower part of clamp nut
On screw portion;Spring 134 is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt 135, and is placed between gasket 133 and gland 12;Limit
Set 136 is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt 135.
When gland 12 being needed to compress, hold-down mechanism 13 is tightened;When gland 12 being needed to unclamp, unscrews hold-down mechanism 13, tighten
Play screw.
Embodiment 5, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8,
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 4 are: along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction on gland 12
121, the screw portion correspondence of a T-bolt 135 is caught in an arc groove 121;It is uniform along its circumferencial direction on stationary ring 21
Multiple T-slots are laid, the head of a T-bolt 135 is accordingly caught in a T-slot.
Gasket 133 is equipped between clamp nut 132 and spring 134 to increase contact area.By rotatably compressing nut 132,
Realize moving down along T-bolt 135, thus holddown spring 134, and then gland 12 is compressed by spring 134.Spring is set
134, it is ensured that after filler 11 is worn, gland 12 can still compress filler 11.135 lower end of T-bolt is provided with limit
Set 136, the moving distance for keeping clamp nut 132 downward is limited, and when work only needs manually to rotatably compress nut 132 to limit
136 positions are covered, to realize the pressing force of the needs of spring 134, and can guarantee that the pressing force of each hold-down mechanism 13 is consistent.Limit
The length of set 136 can be arranged on demand, and match with the required decrement of spring 134.Stop nut 131 is arranged in T-bolt
135 topmost, and when to avoid unclamping hold-down mechanism 13, clamp nut 132 is screwed out.13 limit sleeve 136 of hold-down mechanism and limit
The design of nut 131 substantially reduces the operation difficulty of manual adjustment pressing force, can be easily by the circumferential each hold-down mechanism of gland 12
13 pressure are easily tuned into unanimously.
Embodiment 6,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: filler 11 be admant ink material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoro
Vinyl material.
11 material of filler according to linear velocity, sealed medium pressure, closure size is different and selects different fillers 11.
Embodiment 7, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: multiple tracks is set on stationary ring 21 for preventing rotating member clearance leakage
The static sealing item 32 of sealing medium.The present embodiment is provided with twice static sealing item 32, wherein being placed in gland 12 and quiet together
Between ring 21, another road is set between rack and stationary ring 21.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention
Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and equivalents circle
It is fixed.
Claims (7)
1. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure characterized by comprising
Helixseal structure;Helixseal structure is made of main shaft and stationary ring, and gap is provided between main shaft and stationary ring, in spindle shaft
Ring outer diameter side is provided with bull rectangular thread, and in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread is for driving downwards sealing medium;
Packing seal structure;Packing seal structure is made of main shaft, gland, filler, and filler is cyclic structure, in main shaft collar end
Face is equipped with the annular groove coincideing with filling-material structure, and filler is placed in annular groove;One is provided with above filler for compressing the circle of filler
Annular gland;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure;By rotating ring and stationary ring with being combined into, rotating ring is fixedly set on main shaft simultaneously labyrinth seal structure
It is rotated together with main shaft.
2. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rotating ring it is interior
Side section is located at main shaft collar lower part, and the exterior portion of rotating ring is located at the inboard portion lower part of stationary ring, the outside portion quartile of stationary ring
In the outside of the exterior portion of rotating ring;The inboard portion of gland is located at the top of main shaft collar, and the exterior portion of gland is located at quiet
The top of ring;The exterior portion of stationary ring is mounted on the rack by multiple second screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;Pressure
Lid is mounted on stationary ring by multiple first screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;It is provided on gland multiple along its circumference
The uniformly distributed hold-down mechanism adjusted for the compression and release of gland and filler in direction, hold-down mechanism connect after passing through gland
On stationary ring, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism apart from gland is longer than the distance of side of first screw apart from gland.
3. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first screw
To play screw.
4. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that hold-down mechanism
It include: stop nut, clamp nut, gasket, spring, T-bolt;The head fixation of T-bolt is placed in stationary ring, T-bolt
Screw portion across gland be arranged, clamp nut screw in T-bolt screw portion, stop nut screw in T-bolt spiral shell
Bar part and the top for being placed in clamp nut, gasket cover on the screw portion of the T-bolt of clamp nut lower part;Spring suit
On the screw portion of T-bolt, and it is placed between gasket and gland;Limit sleeve is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt.
5. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: on gland
Along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction, the screw portion correspondence of a T-bolt is caught in an arc groove;Stationary ring
On along the uniformly distributed multiple T-slots of its circumferencial direction, the head of a T-bolt is accordingly caught in a T-slot.
6. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: filler is hard
Graphite material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.
7. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on stationary ring
Multiple tracks is set for preventing the static sealing item of rotating member clearance leakage sealing medium.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201811384198.2A CN109261378B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Main shaft dynamic sealing structure of large-scale high-speed geotechnical centrifuge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201811384198.2A CN109261378B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Main shaft dynamic sealing structure of large-scale high-speed geotechnical centrifuge |
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CN109261378A true CN109261378A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
CN109261378B CN109261378B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110332312A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-10-15 | 南通范氏机械有限公司 | Axial combination sealing mechanism |
CN111389601A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-10 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Geotechnical centrifuge with small capacity and high G value |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110332312A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-10-15 | 南通范氏机械有限公司 | Axial combination sealing mechanism |
CN111389601A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-10 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Geotechnical centrifuge with small capacity and high G value |
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