CN109261378A - Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure - Google Patents

Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109261378A
CN109261378A CN201811384198.2A CN201811384198A CN109261378A CN 109261378 A CN109261378 A CN 109261378A CN 201811384198 A CN201811384198 A CN 201811384198A CN 109261378 A CN109261378 A CN 109261378A
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China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
gland
hold
down mechanism
stationary ring
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CN201811384198.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109261378B (en
Inventor
许元恒
冉光斌
洪建忠
***
王新伦
李心耀
王鑫磊
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General Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Engineering Physics
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General Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Engineering Physics
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Priority to CN201811384198.2A priority Critical patent/CN109261378B/en
Publication of CN109261378A publication Critical patent/CN109261378A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04BCENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00Elements of centrifuges
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structures, it is adaptable, combination sealing mode including multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure, one of helixseal structure packing seal structure with together with, not only can be suitably used for vacuum dynamic seal, but also can realize oil sealing under normal pressure;Long service life, the packing seal that there is abrasion can be opened on demand by the structure that the first screw, hold-down mechanism and gland combine, only be used under a small number of times that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes;Vacuum dynamic seal is highly reliable, designs the hold-down mechanism with spring, after guaranteeing that filler is worn, gland can still compress filler;Hold-down mechanism replacement and handover operation are simple, and arc groove corresponding with hold-down mechanism and T-slot are respectively set on gland and stationary ring, replace convenient for hold-down mechanism;Hold-down mechanism designs limit sleeve, to guarantee that the decrement of each hold-down mechanism spring is consistent, and then reduces manual operation difficulty.

Description

Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical centrifuge technical fields, and in particular to large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic sealing knot Structure.
Background technique
In geotechnical engineering field, geotechnical centrifugal model test be will contract than geotechnical model (all directions size be original shape soil The 1/n of body) it is placed in high-speed rotating geotechnical centrifuge, using the effect of centrifugal force of n times of acceleration of gravity (also known as ng), Reproducing the stress state of the original shape soil body, (related data is referring to Jia Puzhao stable state acceleration simulation experimental facilities-centrifuge outline And design Beijing [M]: National Defense Industry Press, 2013).In recent years, the scale of geotechnical centrifuge is increasing, is able to achieve Centrifugal acceleration is also higher and higher, and extensive, high acceleration centrifuge is referred to as large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge.Large high-speed When geotechnical centrifuge is run under high-g level, a large amount of energy can be consumed because of resistance of the air to high speed rotation part, to reduce energy Amount consumption, can vacuumize centrifuge machine room, to reduce the driving power of centrifuge.Since low pressure has certain test results Certain influence, centrifuge machine room, which vacuumizes, is chiefly used in high-speed test (HST) operating condition, and the centrifuge more time is run under normal atmospheric pressure.
It, will also be to bearing centrifuge in addition to carrying out static seal design everywhere to machine room to realize that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes The main shaft of revolving part carries out dynamic sealing design, to prevent lubricating oil in main shaft bearing case and air to be drawn under the vacuum of machine room Machine room.The difficult point of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic sealing is: major axis diameter is excessive, often beyond 500mm, in addition it is super Cross 1000mm;Maximum line velocity is high at sealing, and often beyond 20m/s, this is not available many sealing means;Due to bearing Revolving part quality it is too big, do not allow sealing element frequently to replace, therefore very high to the life requirements of sealing element;It should realize in short-term Between run under vacuum dynamic seal, and need to realize oil sealing under normal pressure;Geotechnical centrifuge category testing equipment, needs frequent start-stop. Because of the above difficult point, the use of conventional seals product is limited, no person will appear that sealing effect is bad or working life is very short The case where.
We has developed a kind of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure in order to solve problem above.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a kind of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft dynamic Sealing structure.
The present invention through the following technical solutions to achieve the above objectives:
Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure, comprising:
Helixseal structure;Helixseal structure is made of main shaft and stationary ring, and gap is provided between main shaft and stationary ring, in master Axis collar outer diameter side is provided with bull rectangular thread, and in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread is for driving downwards sealing Medium;
Packing seal structure;Packing seal structure is made of main shaft, gland, filler, and filler is cyclic structure, in spindle shaft Ring end face is equipped with the annular groove coincideing with filling-material structure, and filler is placed in annular groove;One is provided with above filler for compressing filler Circular ring shape gland;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure;For labyrinth seal structure by rotating ring and stationary ring with being combined into, rotating ring is fixedly set in main shaft Above and together with main shaft rotate.
Specifically, the inboard portion of rotating ring is located at main shaft collar lower part, and the exterior portion of rotating ring is located at the inside portion of stationary ring Divide lower part, the exterior portion of stationary ring is located at the outside of the exterior portion of rotating ring;The inboard portion of gland is located at the upper of main shaft collar Portion, the exterior portion of gland are located at the top of stationary ring;The exterior portion of stationary ring passes through multiple uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction Second screw is mounted on the rack;Gland is mounted on stationary ring by multiple first screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction; Multiple compacting machines for for the compression and release of gland and filler adjusting uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction are provided on gland Structure, hold-down mechanism pass through gland after be connected on stationary ring, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism apart from gland be longer than the first screw away from The distance of the side of tripping lid.
Preferably, the first screw has been screw.
Preferably, hold-down mechanism includes: stop nut, clamp nut, gasket, spring, T-bolt;The head of T-bolt Fixation is placed in stationary ring, and the screw portion of T-bolt is arranged across gland, and clamp nut screws in the screw portion of T-bolt, limit Position nut screws in the screw portion of T-bolt and is placed in the top of clamp nut, and gasket covers the T-bolt in clamp nut lower part Screw portion on;Spring pocket is placed between gasket and gland on the screw portion of T-bolt;Limit sleeve is sleeved on T On the screw portion of type bolt.
Further, along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction, the screw portion of a T-bolt on gland Correspondence is caught in an arc groove;Along the uniformly distributed multiple T-slots of its circumferencial direction, the head pair of a T-bolt on stationary ring It is caught in answering in a T-slot.
Preferably, filler is admant ink material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.
Preferably, the static sealing item that multiple tracks is used to prevent rotating member clearance leakage sealing medium is set on stationary ring.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure of the invention:
1. it is adaptable, including multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure, one of helixseal structure packing seal structure with together with Combination sealing mode not only can be suitably used for vacuum dynamic seal, but also can realize oil sealing under normal pressure.
2. long service life, the packing seal that there is abrasion can be by the combination of the first screw, hold-down mechanism and gland Structure is opened on demand, is only used under a small number of times that centrifuge machine room vacuumizes.
3. vacuum dynamic seal is highly reliable, the hold-down mechanism with spring is designed, after guaranteeing that filler is worn, gland still can Compress filler.
4. hold-down mechanism replacement and handover operation are simple, circle corresponding with hold-down mechanism is respectively set on gland and stationary ring Arc slot and T-slot are replaced convenient for hold-down mechanism;Hold-down mechanism designs limit sleeve, to guarantee the compression of each hold-down mechanism spring Amount is consistent, and then reduces manual operation difficulty.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mounting structure schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is cut-away section structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of packing seal structure, helixseal structure and labyrinth seal structure in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes detail drawing in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of hold-down mechanism in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of rotating ring in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of gland in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of stationary ring in the present invention.
In figure: 1, packing seal structure;11, filler;12, gland;121, arc groove;13, hold-down mechanism;131, spiral shell is limited It is female;132, clamp nut;133, gasket;134, spring;135, T-bolt;136, limit sleeve;14, the first screw;2, spiral is close Seal structure;21, stationary ring;22, the second screw;3, labyrinth seal structure;31, rotating ring;311, annular groove;312, bull rectangular thread; 32, static sealing item;4, main shaft.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:
Embodiment 1, shown in as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8,
4 movable sealing structure of large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft, comprising:
Helixseal structure 2;Helixseal structure 2 is made of main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21, is provided between main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21 Gap is provided with bull rectangular thread 312 in 4 collar outer diameter side of main shaft, in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread 312 For driving sealing medium downwards;
Packing seal structure 1;Packing seal structure 1 is made of main shaft 4, gland 12, filler 11, and filler 11 is cyclic annular knot Structure, the annular groove 311 coincideing with 11 structure of filler is equipped in 4 collar end face of main shaft, and filler 11 is placed in annular groove 311;In filler 11 Top is provided with one for compressing the circular ring shape gland 12 of filler 11;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure 3;Labyrinth seal structure 3 is matched by rotating ring 31 and stationary ring 21 to be combined into, 31 fixing sleeve of rotating ring It is rotated together on main shaft 4 and with main shaft 4.
Labyrinth seal structure 3 and helixseal structure 2 belong to non-contact seals, operate without abrasion, and the service life is very long, are applicable in In atmospheric pressure environment, depressurization is played in vacuum environment.And there are gaps for labyrinth seal and helixseal, under vacuum conditions not It can prevent completely the leakage of sealing medium.The sealing of filler 11 belongs to contact sealing, and sealing effect is good, and operating has friction, true Operation can ensure that medium No leakage in short-term under Altitude.
Filler 11 is that section is rectangular cyclic structure;
There are suitable gap, thread rotary orientation and the centrifuge (work of bull rectangular thread 312 between main shaft 4 and stationary ring 21 When single direction rotation) rotation direction is related, in centrifuge work, screw thread can drive sealing medium downwards to play sealing effect;
Labyrinth seal is arranged between rotating ring 31 and stationary ring 21, and multiple tracks labyrinth seal is arranged on stationary ring 21 and rotating ring 31, Specially (it can be corresponding 31 groove of rotating ring of 21 protrusion of stationary ring, also in several corresponding protrusions of radial and axial setting or groove Can be that 21 groove of stationary ring corresponds to 31 protrusion of rotating ring;Using radially in the present embodiment, protrusion, stationary ring 21 is arranged in rotating ring 31 Groove is set, and 31 protrusion of rotating ring forms first of labyrinth seal structure 3 with 21 groove of stationary ring, and in the axial direction, rotating ring 31 is arranged recessed Protrusion, 21 protrusion composition second labyrinth seal structure 3 of 31 groove of rotating ring and stationary ring is arranged in slot, stationary ring 21).
Embodiment 2, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the inboard portion of rotating ring 31 is located at 4 collar lower part of main shaft, rotating ring 31 Exterior portion be located at the inboard portion lower part of stationary ring 21, the exterior portion of stationary ring 21 is located at the outer of the exterior portion of rotating ring 31 Side;The inboard portion of gland 12 is located at the top of 4 collar of main shaft, and the exterior portion of gland 12 is located at the top of stationary ring 21;Stationary ring 21 exterior portion is mounted on the rack by multiple second screws 22 uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;Gland 12 passes through more A first screw 14 uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction is mounted on stationary ring 21;It is provided on gland 12 multiple along its circumference side To the uniformly distributed hold-down mechanism 13 adjusted for the compression and release of gland 12 and filler 11, hold-down mechanism 13 passes through gland It is connected to after 12 on stationary ring 21, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism 13 apart from gland 12 is longer than the first screw 14 apart from gland 12 The distance of side.
Embodiment 3, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from example 2 is that: the first screw 14 has been screw.
Embodiment 4, as shown in figure 5,
The present embodiment the difference from example 2 is that: hold-down mechanism 13 include: stop nut 131, clamp nut 132, pad Piece 133, spring 134, T-bolt 135;The head fixation of T-bolt 135 is placed in stationary ring 21, the threaded shank of T-bolt 135 Divide and be arranged across gland 12, clamp nut 132 screws in the screw portion of T-bolt 135, and stop nut 131 screws in T-bolt 135 screw portion and the top for being placed in clamp nut 132,133 sets of the gasket T-bolts 135 in 132 lower part of clamp nut On screw portion;Spring 134 is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt 135, and is placed between gasket 133 and gland 12;Limit Set 136 is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt 135.
When gland 12 being needed to compress, hold-down mechanism 13 is tightened;When gland 12 being needed to unclamp, unscrews hold-down mechanism 13, tighten Play screw.
Embodiment 5, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8,
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 4 are: along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction on gland 12 121, the screw portion correspondence of a T-bolt 135 is caught in an arc groove 121;It is uniform along its circumferencial direction on stationary ring 21 Multiple T-slots are laid, the head of a T-bolt 135 is accordingly caught in a T-slot.
Gasket 133 is equipped between clamp nut 132 and spring 134 to increase contact area.By rotatably compressing nut 132, Realize moving down along T-bolt 135, thus holddown spring 134, and then gland 12 is compressed by spring 134.Spring is set 134, it is ensured that after filler 11 is worn, gland 12 can still compress filler 11.135 lower end of T-bolt is provided with limit Set 136, the moving distance for keeping clamp nut 132 downward is limited, and when work only needs manually to rotatably compress nut 132 to limit 136 positions are covered, to realize the pressing force of the needs of spring 134, and can guarantee that the pressing force of each hold-down mechanism 13 is consistent.Limit The length of set 136 can be arranged on demand, and match with the required decrement of spring 134.Stop nut 131 is arranged in T-bolt 135 topmost, and when to avoid unclamping hold-down mechanism 13, clamp nut 132 is screwed out.13 limit sleeve 136 of hold-down mechanism and limit The design of nut 131 substantially reduces the operation difficulty of manual adjustment pressing force, can be easily by the circumferential each hold-down mechanism of gland 12 13 pressure are easily tuned into unanimously.
Embodiment 6,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: filler 11 be admant ink material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoro Vinyl material.
11 material of filler according to linear velocity, sealed medium pressure, closure size is different and selects different fillers 11.
Embodiment 7, as shown in figure 4,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: multiple tracks is set on stationary ring 21 for preventing rotating member clearance leakage The static sealing item 32 of sealing medium.The present embodiment is provided with twice static sealing item 32, wherein being placed in gland 12 and quiet together Between ring 21, another road is set between rack and stationary ring 21.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and equivalents circle It is fixed.

Claims (7)

1. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure characterized by comprising
Helixseal structure;Helixseal structure is made of main shaft and stationary ring, and gap is provided between main shaft and stationary ring, in spindle shaft Ring outer diameter side is provided with bull rectangular thread, and in centrifuge work, bull rectangular thread is for driving downwards sealing medium;
Packing seal structure;Packing seal structure is made of main shaft, gland, filler, and filler is cyclic structure, in main shaft collar end Face is equipped with the annular groove coincideing with filling-material structure, and filler is placed in annular groove;One is provided with above filler for compressing the circle of filler Annular gland;
Multiple tracks labyrinth seal structure;By rotating ring and stationary ring with being combined into, rotating ring is fixedly set on main shaft simultaneously labyrinth seal structure It is rotated together with main shaft.
2. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rotating ring it is interior Side section is located at main shaft collar lower part, and the exterior portion of rotating ring is located at the inboard portion lower part of stationary ring, the outside portion quartile of stationary ring In the outside of the exterior portion of rotating ring;The inboard portion of gland is located at the top of main shaft collar, and the exterior portion of gland is located at quiet The top of ring;The exterior portion of stationary ring is mounted on the rack by multiple second screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;Pressure Lid is mounted on stationary ring by multiple first screws uniformly distributed along its circumferencial direction;It is provided on gland multiple along its circumference The uniformly distributed hold-down mechanism adjusted for the compression and release of gland and filler in direction, hold-down mechanism connect after passing through gland On stationary ring, the distance of side of the hold-down mechanism apart from gland is longer than the distance of side of first screw apart from gland.
3. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first screw To play screw.
4. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that hold-down mechanism It include: stop nut, clamp nut, gasket, spring, T-bolt;The head fixation of T-bolt is placed in stationary ring, T-bolt Screw portion across gland be arranged, clamp nut screw in T-bolt screw portion, stop nut screw in T-bolt spiral shell Bar part and the top for being placed in clamp nut, gasket cover on the screw portion of the T-bolt of clamp nut lower part;Spring suit On the screw portion of T-bolt, and it is placed between gasket and gland;Limit sleeve is sleeved on the screw portion of T-bolt.
5. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: on gland Along the uniformly distributed multiple arc grooves of its circumferencial direction, the screw portion correspondence of a T-bolt is caught in an arc groove;Stationary ring On along the uniformly distributed multiple T-slots of its circumferencial direction, the head of a T-bolt is accordingly caught in a T-slot.
6. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: filler is hard Graphite material, soft rock ink braided material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.
7. large high-speed geotechnical centrifuge main shaft movable sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on stationary ring Multiple tracks is set for preventing the static sealing item of rotating member clearance leakage sealing medium.
CN201811384198.2A 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 Main shaft dynamic sealing structure of large-scale high-speed geotechnical centrifuge Active CN109261378B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110332312A (en) * 2019-07-06 2019-10-15 南通范氏机械有限公司 Axial combination sealing mechanism
CN111389601A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-07-10 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 Geotechnical centrifuge with small capacity and high G value

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110332312A (en) * 2019-07-06 2019-10-15 南通范氏机械有限公司 Axial combination sealing mechanism
CN111389601A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-07-10 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 Geotechnical centrifuge with small capacity and high G value

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