CN109247094A - A kind of soybean ferment and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of soybean ferment and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109247094A CN109247094A CN201811007606.2A CN201811007606A CN109247094A CN 109247094 A CN109247094 A CN 109247094A CN 201811007606 A CN201811007606 A CN 201811007606A CN 109247094 A CN109247094 A CN 109247094A
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- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
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- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of soybean ferment and its preparation method and application, belongs to biologic ferment technical field.The soybean ferment raw material includes: 800~1200 parts of soybean, 1~3 part of zymophyte, helps 0.1~1 part of leavening, 300~500 parts of water.Soybean ferment can effectively convert potential nutrition in soil, inspire the characteristic of fixed nitrogen Soluble phosphorus and potassium decomposing, the suppression harmful bacteria of plant root exudation can be subject to decomposition and inversion and overcome soil acidification, secondary salinization and crop from continuous cropping obstacles such as poison.Simultaneously while ferment plays improvement soil, it is affixed by middle microelement, supplement the middle microelement in soil effectively, nutrition in soil is more rationally comprehensive, to keep soil more healthy, physics fertility, Chemical fertility and the biological fertility tripartite face coordinating and unifying of soil bring out the best in each other, to solve the continuous croppings continuous cropping problem on obstacle such as soil acidification, alkalization, salination, soil-borne disease, to promote crop growthing development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological enzymes, and particularly relates to a soybean enzyme and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The biological ferment is a functional microbial fermentation product which is produced by taking one or more fresh vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, Chinese herbal medicines and the like as raw materials and fermenting through a plurality of beneficial bacteria and contains rich nutrient components such as vitamins, enzymes, minerals, secondary metabolites and the like. The microbial ferment not only preserves the inherent nutrient substances in the fermentation raw materials, but also greatly increases a plurality of effective components and generates a plurality of new bioactive components and biological enzymes.
Based on various physiological activities of enzymes, there are various products of enzymes on the market, and many documents of various enzymes are reported, but it can be seen that enzymes are mostly applied to the fields of human health care, prevention and treatment of diseases, and the like. In fact, however, the biological ferment contains abundant nutrient elements and a proper amount of trace elements, so that nutrient components can be provided for plants, and the preparation process of the ferment does not use any chemical synthetic substance, so that the biological ferment is environment-friendly and beneficial to sustainable development of ecological environment.
Soybeans contain nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, particularly the protein content is very rich, and reports indicate that the soybeans contain more than 40% of protein, so that the soybeans have extremely high nutritional value. Therefore, the soybean can be used as a high-quality organic fertilizer to provide nutrition for crops. However, to date, there has been no report on the preparation of soybean ferments as organic fertilizers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a soybean enzyme, a preparation method thereof and applications thereof. The invention prepares the soybean enzyme by adding zymophyte into cooked soybeans for fermentation. Experiments prove that the soybean enzyme can effectively convert potential nutrition in soil, excite the characteristics of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium dissolution, decompose and convert autotoxic substances secreted by plant roots, and overcome continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, secondary salinization, crop autotoxicity and the like. Meanwhile, medium and trace elements are applied while the enzyme plays a role in improving the soil, so that the medium and trace elements in the soil are effectively supplemented, the nutrition in the soil is more reasonable and comprehensive, the soil is healthier, the physical fertility, the chemical fertility and the biological fertility of the soil are coordinated and unified, and the three aspects of the physical fertility, the chemical fertility and the biological fertility complement each other, so that the problem of continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, alkalization, salinization, soil-borne diseases and the like is solved, and the growth and development of crops are promoted.
The present invention provides a soybean enzyme.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned soybean enzyme.
The third objective of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned soybean enzyme.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention relates to the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, a soybean ferment is provided, wherein the soybean ferment raw material comprises:
800-1200 parts of soybean, 1-3 parts of zymophyte, 0.1-1 part of fermentation aid and 300-500 parts of water;
wherein,
the soybean is cured soybean, preferably, the cured soybean is obtained by soaking soybean in water and then cooking;
further preferably, the soybean is mixed according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1: adding 4-10 kg/L of water for soaking for 14-28 h; after being soaked in water, the soybean enzyme preparation is favorable for softening a soybean cell structure and loosening a soybean tissue structure, thereby being favorable for dissolving out soybean nutrient substances, and simultaneously being favorable for better utilizing soybean nutrient components by later-stage microorganisms, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency and increasing the yield of the finally prepared soybean enzyme.
After the soybeans are cooked, the soybean protein is denatured, the molecular structure of the protein is loose, and the dissolution of soybean substances is promoted, so that the utilization of soybean nutrients by zymophyte is further facilitated; meanwhile, after being cooked and cured, the soybean microbial agent can effectively kill microbes in the soybeans and reduce anti-nutritional factors in the soybeans, thereby facilitating the growth and the propagation of zymophyte and reducing the pollution of mixed bacteria. Preferably, the cooking time of the soybeans is 20-60 min;
the zymocyte is a mixed strain of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) and Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae); the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris to bacillus subtilis to aspergillus oryzae is 3-5: 1: 1;
the rhodopseudomonas palustris, the bacillus subtilis and the aspergillus oryzae which are used in the invention are production strains which are allowed to be used and specified in the appendix of the general technical criteria on microbial feed biosafety of the Ministry of agriculture, and the rhodopseudomonas palustris strain is preferably numbered CICC 23812, the bacillus subtilis strain is numbered CICC 24434, the aspergillus oryzae strain is numbered CICC 2002, and the production strains are purchased from the China center for industrial microbial strain preservation and management;
the fermentation assistant comprises any one of brown sugar, honey, brown granulated sugar and molasses; wherein, the brown sugar has the best fermentation assisting effect and low price, so the preferred fermentation assisting agent is the brown sugar.
Preferably, the soybean ferment raw materials are as follows:
1000 parts of soybean, 2 parts of zymophyte, 0.5 part of fermentation aid and 350 parts of water.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned soybean ferment, comprising:
s1, mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
and S2, fermenting the mixture to obtain the soybean enzyme.
In the fermentation process, a proper amount of zymophyte is added, so that the adaptation of the zymophyte to a new environment can be ensured, the growth delay period and the fermentation time of the zymophyte can be shortened, and meanwhile, the pollution of mixed bacteria can be avoided. If the inoculation amount is too small, the time of the fermentation bacteria adapting to a new environment can be prolonged, and the fermentation time is prolonged; too large inoculation amount can cause too fast consumption of nutrient substances, and is not beneficial to accumulation of fermentation products; meanwhile, through continuous optimization selection, the inventor finds that the synergistic fermentation effect can be achieved by adopting the three strains, so that the temperature of the soybean culture material is rapidly increased and is kept for several days at about 60 ℃, the fermentation efficiency is accelerated, the fermentation period is effectively shortened, and the fermentation quality is improved;
preferably, the fermentation time is 20-25 d; the fermentation material has high purification degree, uniform decomposition, soft texture, strong fragrance and good fermentation quality.
Meanwhile, in the whole fermentation process, the cooked soybeans are covered with a breathable material such as clean white cotton cloth or a breathable film and then are subjected to stacking fermentation, so that the pollution of impurities and mixed bacteria is avoided.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the fermentation product is obtained, the fermentation product is dried, pulverized and granulated to obtain a granular product. The subsequent processing such as drying, crushing, granulating and the like is carried out on the fermentation product, so that the storage period of the product can be prolonged, and the storage, the transportation and the like are facilitated.
In a third aspect of the present invention, an application of the soybean ferment in preparing a ferment fertilizer is provided.
Specifically, the invention provides an enzyme fertilizer, which comprises the soybean enzyme.
Preferably, the ferment fertilizer also comprises medium trace elements, and the medium trace elements are added, so that the nutrition proportion of the ferment fertilizer can be further perfected and supplemented, the soil is healthier, and the crop yield is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the soybean enzyme is prepared by fermenting soybean serving as a raw material through zymophyte, can effectively convert potential nutrition in soil, excites the characteristics of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium dissolution, and can decompose and convert autotoxic substances secreted by a plant root system to overcome continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, secondary salinization, crop autotoxicity and the like. Meanwhile, medium and trace elements are applied while the enzyme plays a role in improving the soil, so that the medium and trace elements in the soil are effectively supplemented, the nutrition in the soil is more reasonable and comprehensive, the soil is healthier, the physical fertility, the chemical fertility and the biological fertility of the soil are coordinated and unified, and the three aspects of the physical fertility, the chemical fertility and the biological fertility complement each other, so that the problem of continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, alkalization, salinization, soil-borne diseases and the like is solved, and the growth and development of crops are promoted.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As described above, there has been no report on the preparation of soybean ferments as an organic fertilizer.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a soybean ferment, wherein the soybean ferment comprises:
800-1200 parts of soybean, 1-3 parts of zymophyte, 0.1-1 part of fermentation aid and 300-500 parts of water;
in another embodiment of the present invention, the soybeans are cured soybeans, and preferably, the cured soybeans are obtained by soaking soybeans in water and then cooking;
in another embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of soybean to liquid is 1: adding 4-10 kg/L of water for soaking for 14-28 h; after being soaked in water, the soybean enzyme preparation is favorable for softening a soybean cell structure and loosening a soybean tissue structure, thereby being favorable for dissolving out soybean nutrient substances, and simultaneously being favorable for better utilizing soybean nutrient components by later-stage microorganisms, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency and increasing the yield of the finally prepared soybean enzyme.
After the soybeans are cooked, the soybean protein is denatured, the molecular structure of the protein is loose, and the dissolution of soybean substances is promoted, so that the utilization of soybean nutrients by zymophyte is further facilitated; meanwhile, after being cooked and cured, the soybean microbial agent can effectively kill microbes in the soybeans and reduce anti-nutritional factors in the soybeans, thereby facilitating the growth and the propagation of zymophyte and reducing the pollution of mixed bacteria. Preferably, the cooking time of the soybeans is 20-60 min;
in yet another embodiment of the present invention,
the zymocyte is a mixed strain of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) and Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae); the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris to bacillus subtilis to aspergillus oryzae is 3-5: 1: 1;
wherein the number of effective viable bacteria of rhodopseudomonas palustris and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 80 hundred million/g;
the effective viable count of the aspergillus oryzae is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g;
in another embodiment of the invention, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae are production strains allowed to be used in the appendix of general technical guidelines on microbial feed biosafety of the Ministry of agriculture, and preferably Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain number CICC 23812, Bacillus subtilis strain number CICC 24434 and Aspergillus oryzae strain number CICC 2002 are purchased from China center for culture Collection of industrial microorganisms.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation aid comprises any one of brown sugar, honey, brown sugar, and molasses; wherein, the brown sugar has the best fermentation assisting effect and low price, so the preferred fermentation assisting agent is the brown sugar.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the soybean ferment raw material is:
1000 parts of soybean, 2 parts of zymophyte, 0.5 part of fermentation aid and 350 parts of water.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing the soybean ferment is provided, which includes:
s1, mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
and S2, stacking and fermenting the mixture to obtain the soybean enzyme.
In the fermentation process, a proper amount of zymophyte is added, so that the adaptation of the zymophyte to a new environment can be ensured, the growth delay period and the fermentation time of the zymophyte can be shortened, and meanwhile, the pollution of mixed bacteria can be avoided. If the inoculation amount is too small, the time of the fermentation bacteria adapting to a new environment can be prolonged, and the fermentation time is prolonged; too large inoculation amount can cause too fast consumption of nutrient substances, and is not beneficial to accumulation of fermentation products; the inventor finds that the three strains are adopted for synergistic fermentation through continuous optimization selection, so that the temperature of the soybean culture material is rapidly increased and is continuously maintained for several days at about 60 ℃, the fermentation efficiency is accelerated, the fermentation period is effectively shortened, and the quality of soybean ferment is improved.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the stacking height is less than or equal to 2m and the floor space is less than or equal to 40m2(ii) a The fermentation time is 20-25 d; the fermented material is decomposed uniformly, has soft texture, strong fragrance, good fermentation quality and high purification degree.
In the whole fermentation process, the cooked soybeans are covered with a breathable material such as clean cotton cloth or a breathable film and then are subjected to stacking fermentation, so that the pollution of impurities and mixed bacteria is avoided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, after the soybean fermentation product is obtained, the soybean fermentation product is dried, pulverized and granulated to obtain a granular product. The fermentation product is subjected to subsequent processing such as drying, crushing, granulation and the like, so that the storage period of the product is prolonged.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the application of the soybean ferment in preparing a ferment fertilizer is provided.
Specifically, the invention provides an enzyme fertilizer, which comprises the soybean enzyme.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the ferment fertilizer further includes medium trace elements, and the medium trace elements are added to further improve and supplement the nutrition ratio of the ferment fertilizer, so that the soil is healthier, and the crop yield is increased.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the soybean ferment to the medium trace elements in the ferment fertilizer is 100: 1; the medium trace elements consist of the following components: 2 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of boric acid, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate and 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test methods in the following examples and experimental examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions. It should be noted that the rhodopseudomonas palustris strain numbers CICC 23812, bacillus subtilis strain numbers CICC 24434 and aspergillus oryzae strain numbers CICC 2002 in the examples and experimental examples are all purchased from the china industrial microorganism strain preservation management center; the effective viable count of the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 80 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of the aspergillus oryzae is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g.
Example 1
A soybean enzyme is prepared by the following steps:
1) 100 parts by weight of soybean are mixed according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 6kg/L in water for 20 hr, filtering to remove water, and steaming semen glycines for 30min to obtain cooked semen glycines.
2) Reducing the temperature of the cooked soybean to 35-40 ℃; adding 0.2 part of zymophyte and 0.05 part of brown sugar into 35 parts of water, mixing uniformly, then fully stirring and mixing with cooked soybeans, covering with clean cotton cloth, wherein the stacking height is less than or equal to 2m, and the occupied area is less than or equal to 40m2. The zymocyte is a mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae; the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris to bacillus subtilis to aspergillus oryzae is 4: 1: 1;
3) turning over according to fermentation conditions until all fermentation is finished, and finishing the fermentation within 20 days;
4) and drying the fermentation product at 40 ℃ for 12h, and grinding and granulating to obtain the soybean enzyme.
Example 2
A soybean enzyme is prepared by the following steps:
1) 90 parts by weight of soybean is mixed according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 4kg/L in water for 25 hr, filtering to remove water, and steaming semen glycines for 20min to obtain cooked semen glycines.
2) Reducing the temperature of the cooked soybean to 35-40 ℃; adding 0.2 part of zymophyte and 0.08 part of brown sugar into 40 parts of water, uniformly mixing, fully stirring and uniformly mixing with cooked soybeans, covering with a clean breathable film, wherein the stacking height is less than or equal to 2m, and the occupied area is less than or equal to 40m2. The zymocyte is a mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae; the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris to bacillus subtilis to aspergillus oryzae is 5: 1: 1;
3) turning over according to fermentation conditions until complete fermentation, and finishing fermentation for 25 days.
4) And drying the fermentation product at 45 ℃ for 10h, and grinding and granulating to obtain the soybean enzyme.
Example 3
A soybean enzyme is prepared by the following steps:
1) 100 parts by weight of soybean are mixed according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 8kg/L in water for 15 hr, filtering to remove water, and steaming semen glycines for 50min to obtain cooked semen glycines.
2) Reducing the temperature of the cooked soybean to 35-40 ℃; adding 0.3 part of zymophyte and 0.04 part of brown sugar into 30 parts of water, mixing uniformly, then fully stirring and mixing with cooked soybeans, covering with clean cotton cloth, wherein the stacking height is less than or equal to 2m, and the occupied area is less than or equal to 40m2. The zymocyte is a mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae; rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzaeThe mass ratio of the bacteria is 3: 1: 1;
3) turning over according to fermentation conditions until complete fermentation, and finishing the fermentation within 23 days.
4) Drying the fermentation product at 40 ℃ for 10h, grinding the fermentation product into powder, and mixing the powder according to the mass ratio of the fermentation product to the medium trace elements of 100: 1, adding medium trace elements, and granulating to obtain the composite soybean enzyme;
wherein, the medium trace elements: 2 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of boric acid, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate and 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate.
Experimental example 1
The method is the same as the embodiment 1, and has the difference that the zymophyte is the mixed strain of bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae; the mass ratio of the two is 1: 1.
experimental example 2
The method is the same as the example 1, and is characterized in that the zymocyte is the mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris and aspergillus oryzae; the mass ratio of the two is 4: 1.
experimental example 3
The method is the same as the embodiment 1, and has the difference that the mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris and bacillus subtilis is added as the zymocyte; the mass ratio of the two is 4: 1.
experimental example 4
The method is the same as the example 1, and is characterized in that the added zymophyte is a mixed strain of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae; and the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae is 1: 1: 1.
since the soybean ferment is a small molecular organic substance and various enzymes formed by completely decomposing a fermentation substrate, in this experiment, the content of free amino acids, protease, and lipase were measured at the end point of the ferment fermentation. The results are given in the following table:
| performance index | Example 1 | Experimental example 1 | Experimental example 2 | Experimental example 3 | Experimental example 4 |
| Fermentation period | 20 days | 35 days | 42 days | 50 days | 45 days |
| Amino acid content (%) | 1.382 | 1.245 | 1.306 | 1.278 | 1.302 |
| Lipase (U/ml) | 452 | 421 | 437 | 434 | 432 |
| Protease (U/ml) | 596 | 546 | 552 | 561 | 573 |
As can be seen from the above table, the fermentation period is significantly shortened by using the fermentation tubes of example 1, and it can be seen from the nutritional ingredients of the fermented soybean enzyme, that the free nutritional ingredients of the soybean enzyme prepared in example 1 are all higher than those of the experimental examples, which indicates that the fermentation period can be effectively shortened, and the fermentation quality of the soybean enzyme can be improved, which is beneficial to the effect of the soybean enzyme as an enzyme fertilizer.
Verification of field effect
Embodiment 1, the soybean enzyme prepared in embodiment 1 is applied to planting greenhouse cucumbers as enzyme fertilizer
1. The test site is taken from the Muxicun river village in the Linyi river east region, and the basic condition of the test site is as follows: the soil is yellow loam, the topography is flat, the fertility is uniform, the soil organic matter is 26g/kg, the pH is 5.4, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 95mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 210mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 160 mg/kg.
2. The experimental treatment comprises ① kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ② kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ③ kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ④ control group of organic fertilizer 300 kg/mu (organic matter 45% and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 5%), all the treatments are base fertilizers, the base fertilizers are applied once, and the application and the management of other fertilizers are consistent.
3. Field design: the area of the cell is 0.05 mu, the cells are randomly arranged and are repeated for three times.
4. The test effect is as follows:
in the middle stage of cucumber growth investigation, compared with a control group, a soybean enzyme test area has dark green leaves, developed root systems, obviously increased root amount, bright melon strips and high commodity value, compared with the control group, the cucumber picking period is prolonged by about 3 days, and the yield is obviously improved. See table 1 below:
TABLE 1
The cucumber yield is increased by 7500 yuan for the experimental group 1, 13750 yuan for the experimental group 2 and 15250 yuan for the experimental group 3, calculated according to 2.5 yuan per kg.
Embodiment 2, the soybean enzyme prepared in embodiment 2 is applied to planting of greenhouse tomatoes as an enzyme fertilizer
1. The test field is taken from the Shalingzi village in the Linyi river east region, and the basic condition of the test field is as follows: the soil is yellow loam, the topography is flat, the fertility is uniform, the soil organic matter is 21g/kg, the pH is 5.8, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 101mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 190mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 170 mg/kg.
2. The experimental treatment comprises ① kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ② kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ③ kg/mu of soybean enzyme, ④ control group of organic fertilizer 300 kg/mu (organic matter 45% and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 5%), all the treatments are base fertilizers, the base fertilizers are applied once, and the application and the management of other fertilizers are consistent.
3. Field design: the area of the cell is 0.05 mu, the cells are randomly arranged and are repeated for three times.
4. The test effect is as follows:
in the middle stage of cucumber growth investigation, the tomato growth vigor of the soybean enzyme test area is better, the plants are strong, the diseases are light, the tomato is uniformly colored, the fruits are large and uniform, the yield is obviously improved, the fresh food taste is good, the commodity value is high, and the yield is obviously improved. See table 2 below:
TABLE 2
| Treatment of | Yield (kg/mu) | Increase production (kg/mu) | Increase of yield |
| Experimental group 1 | 16100 | 1200 | 8 |
| Experimental group 2 | 17200 | 2300 | 15.4 |
| Experimental group 3 | 17500 | 2600 | 17.5 |
| Control group 1 | 14900 | \ | \ |
The average tomato yield is calculated according to 3 yuan per kg, 3600 yuan is increased in the experimental group 1, 6900 yuan is increased in the experimental group 2, and 7800 yuan is increased in the experimental group 3.
Embodiment 3, the compound soybean ferment prepared in embodiment 3 is used as ferment fertilizer for planting ginger
1. The test field is taken from Shiliyuoucun in the Lin-Yi river east region, and the basic condition of the test field is as follows: the soil is light loam, the topography is flat, the fertility is uniform, the soil organic matter is 20g/kg, pH5.9, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 93mg/kg, quick-acting phosphorus is 110mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium is 130 mg/kg.
2. The experimental treatment comprises 80 kg/mu of ① compound soybean enzyme, 120 kg/mu of ② compound soybean enzyme, 160 kg/mu of ③ compound soybean enzyme and ④ control group of 120 kg/mu of organic fertilizer (45 percent of organic matters and 5 percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), all the treatments are carried out as base fertilizers, the base fertilizers are applied once, and the application and the management of other fertilizers are consistent.
3. Field design: the area of the cell is 0.1 mu, the cells are randomly arranged and are repeated for three times.
4. The test effect is as follows:
according to the method, investigation is carried out in the vigorous growth period of the ginger, the ginger grows better, plants are robust, branches are more, the height of the plants is 3-5 cm, the incidence rate of soil-borne diseases such as ginger plague is obviously reduced, and the yield is obviously improved in the test area applying the composite soybean enzyme. See table 3 below:
TABLE 3
| Treatment of | Yield (kg/mu) | Increase production (kg/mu) | Increase of yield |
| Experimental group 1 | 4950 | 450 | 10 |
| Experimental group 2 | 5300 | 800 | 17.8 |
| Experimental group 3 | 5500 | 1000 | 22.2 |
| Control group 1 | 4500 | \ | \ |
The average value of ginger is calculated according to 5 yuan per kg, 2250 yuan is increased for the experimental group 1, 4000 yuan is increased for the experimental group 2, and 5000 yuan is increased for the experimental group 3.
Embodiment 4, the compound soybean enzyme prepared in embodiment 3 is applied to soybean planting as an enzyme fertilizer
1. The test land is taken from Zhao Jiacun in the Lin-Yi river east region, and the basic conditions of the test land are as follows: the soil is light loam, the topography is flat, the fertility is uniform, 23g/kg of soil organic matter, pH6.3, 87mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 58mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus and 140mg/kg of quick-acting potassium.
2. The experimental treatment comprises ① compound soybean enzyme 60 kg/mu, ② compound soybean enzyme 90 kg/mu, ③ compound soybean enzyme 120 kg/mu, ④ control group, organic fertilizer 100 kg/mu (organic matter 45%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 5%), all the treatments are base fertilizers, the fertilizers are applied once, and the application and the management of other fertilizers are consistent.
3. Field design: the area of the cell is 0.1 mu, the cells are randomly arranged and are repeated for three times.
4. The test effect is as follows:
the investigation is carried out before the potatoes in the test field are harvested, the potato plants in the test area using the composite soybean enzyme have no premature senility and are robust, the incidence rates of soil-borne diseases (such as yellow seedling death, etc.) and the like are obviously reduced, the potatoes are bright in color and luster, uniform in size, high in commodity value and obviously improved in yield. See table 4 below:
TABLE 4
| Treatment of | Yield (kg/mu) | Increase production (kg/mu) | Increase of yield |
| Experimental group 1 | 4050 | 300 | 8 |
| Experimental group 2 | 4220 | 470 | 12.5 |
| Experimental group 3 | 4510 | 760 | 20.3 |
| Control group 1 | 3750 | \ | \ |
The average number of potatoes is 1 yuan per kilogram, the yield of the experimental group 1 is increased by 300 yuan, the yield of the experimental group 2 is increased by 470 yuan, and the yield of the experimental group 3 is increased by 760 yuan.
It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples given, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solution of the present invention as needed or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soybean enzyme is characterized in that the soybean enzyme raw material comprises:
800-1200 parts of soybean, 1-3 parts of zymophyte, 0.1-1 part of fermentation aid and 300-500 parts of water.
2. The soybean ferment of claim 1, wherein the soybean is matured soybean.
3. The soybean enzyme according to claim 2, wherein the matured soybean is obtained by soaking soybean in water and then cooking;
preferably, the soybean is mixed according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1: adding 4-10 kg/L of water for soaking for 14-28 h.
The cooking time of the soybeans is 20-60 min.
4. The soybean ferment of claim 1, wherein the fermentation bacteria are mixed species of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae); the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris to bacillus subtilis to aspergillus oryzae is 3-5: 1: 1;
preferably, the rhodopseudomonas palustris strain number CICC 23812, the bacillus subtilis strain number CICC 24434 and the aspergillus oryzae strain number CICC 2002 are purchased from China center for culture collection and management of industrial microorganisms.
5. The soybean ferment of claim 1, wherein the co-leavening agent comprises any one of brown sugar, honey, brown sugar, molasses; preferably, the fermentation assistant is brown sugar.
6. The soybean ferment of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the soybean ferment is prepared from:
1000 parts of soybean, 2 parts of zymophyte, 0.5 part of fermentation aid and 350 parts of water.
7. The method for preparing the soybean ferment of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture;
and S2, stacking and fermenting the mixture to obtain the soybean enzyme.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the fermentation time is 20 to 25 days.
9. Use of the soybean ferment of any one of claims 1 to 6 for preparing a ferment fertilizer.
10. An enzyme fertilizer, comprising the soybean enzyme of any one of claims 1 to 6;
preferably, the ferment fertilizer also comprises medium trace elements.
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