CN109245513A - A kind of start-up circuit - Google Patents
A kind of start-up circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245513A CN109245513A CN201811330421.5A CN201811330421A CN109245513A CN 109245513 A CN109245513 A CN 109245513A CN 201811330421 A CN201811330421 A CN 201811330421A CN 109245513 A CN109245513 A CN 109245513A
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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Abstract
The present invention provides the start-up circuit of a kind of achievable ultra-wide AC or D/C voltage input range, and start-up circuit has and opens and shuts off controllable function.The start-up circuit can realize that low-voltage, high-current starting has the characteristics that high current, big return difference wherein second starting IC provides control starting and turn-off function there are many embodiment by electric resistance partial pressure.In addition it can also realize that low-voltage, high-current starts by way of zener diode clamper, peripheral circuits reduce PCB cloth plate suqare and volume, reduce cost, and do not limited by technique, can meet the needs of high density small size low cost power-supply system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Switching Power Supply, in particular to a kind of start-up circuit of switching power converters.
Background technique
In general, Switching Power Supply (hereinafter referred to as " power supply ") circuit all can include start-up circuit, so as in power supply electrifying
Shi Qidong controller, driving transformer convert voltage, realize the normal work of power supply, the power supply of controller at this time can by assist around
Group provides.
The start-up circuit part of major part controller uses traditional linear voltage-stabilizing circuit at present, as shown in Figure 1, for tradition
The simplification figure of linear start-up circuit, including resistance R1 and R2, capacitor C, zener diode Dz and triode T (or metal-oxide-semiconductor).One
The input voltage of a power supply generates an electric current by resistance R1, is input to the base terminal of triode, and driving triode saturation is led
It is logical, it generates electric current and gives start-up capacitance CVDDIt charges to complete the starting of controller.Start-up circuit shown in FIG. 1 is without any control
System, therefore the start-up circuit can continue consumption energy during power initiation on resistance R.In addition, being opened when output pulsation
Circuit is moved by repeated priming, causes to be lost.
As it can be seen that the start-up circuit haves the shortcomings that more, including the relatively lossy on resistance R, peripheral component is more, PCB
Fabric swatch is difficult, and volume is big, and purchase cost and production cost are all very high, is unfavorable for setting for high power density small footprint modular power supply
Meter, and starting voltage periphery are controlled without sluggishness, are be easy to cause start-up circuit to open repeatedly, are led to higher loss.Therefore it saves
The more effective scheme of power consumption for saving start-up circuit should (mean the controllable electricity for turning off and opening using controllable initiating circuit
Road) complete the starting of controller.
In order to solve the above problem, disclosed on October 7th, 2016 in the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN 105529914A
Propose a kind of integrated controllable initiating circuit, basic schematic diagram such as Fig. 2.
Under high input voltage, it is shunt capacitance charging by lower bound starting current and high limit starting current, works as output voltage
VOUTAfter foundation, high-voltage starting circuit is closed, and can give VDD pin powered by auxiliary winding Ns2 at this time.Controller shown in Fig. 2
Other pin connection relationships and function it is unrelated to the invention, do not show that.
To sum up, although appeal patent solves the defect of conventional linear voltage-stablizer, but its application range is still limited.
On the one hand, in the case where ultralow pressure direct current inputs application, there are problems that normally starting；On the other hand, which opens
Streaming current is not big enough, according to capacitor charge and discharge formula:
Wherein CVDDFor the shunt capacitance of controller VDD pin, IchargeFor start-up circuit charging current.
It knows when controller power consumption requirements are higher, then gives capacitance charging current to reduce, such as Multistage Control condition
Under, the starting time will lengthen significantly, and the system application high for starting time requirement will be no longer applicable in, and due to the great Rong of output
Property load requirement, the shunt capacitance C of VDD institute bandVDDIt can not be made small, therefore starting the time can not be by reducing shunt capacitance
Shorten, to will lead to higher application cost and occupy biggish pcb board volume.
Summary of the invention
In view of the limited of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of start-up circuits, so that meeting
The starting of super wide range AC or DC input voltage, and big charging current is provided, peripheral circuits, reduce PCB cloth plate suqare and
Volume reduces cost, to meet the needs of high density small size low cost power-supply system.
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a kind of start-up circuit, in voltage input at super wide range starting
Big charging current is provided to the shunt capacitance of the feeder ear VDD of controller comprising: two starting IC and peripheral component.
The characteristics of wherein starting IC1 and starting IC2 all have saturation high current, and start IC2 band and open and shut off control function, start
There are larger return differences for threshold value and shutdown threshold value.The starting IC1 input terminal and power input V of the start-up circuitINConnection, output end
It is connected with the input terminal of starting IC2, the VDD feeder ear of the output end and controller that start IC2 connects, control terminal ground connection.
The principle of the invention are as follows: when power supply just powers on, controller not yet starts, and the voltage of feeder ear VDD is 0V, input
High current is provided for controller by starting IC1 and starting IC2, to give shunt capacitance CVDDCharging；When the voltage of feeder ear VDD
After reaching controller starting voltage, controller starts to start, and exports G pulse drive signal, due to the power consumption of controller, VDD draws
The charging rate of foot will slow down.Until starting IC2 is closed when vdd terminal mouth voltage reaches the shutdown threshold value of starting IC2, then start
IC1 is also accordingly turned off, i.e., start-up circuit is closed, and start-up circuit no longer will take electricity from input voltage at this time, avoid additional
Power consumption penalty.Voltage Establishment to be output, controller are powered by auxiliary winding, start completion.
When controller is protected and turned off, energy needed for the quiescent operation of controller is supplied to feeder ear by shunt capacitance
VDD, when the voltage of feeder ear VDD drops to the starting point of starting IC2, start-up circuit is reopened, for for controller
Feeder ear VDD provides high current, up to controller restarting, to rise to the pass of starting IC2 in VDD to shunt capacitance charging
Disconnected threshold value, turns off start-up circuit, so repeats, and controller replaces open and close with start-up circuit, until controller detects
It is eliminated to protection.
As a kind of a kind of scheme of start-up circuit, including starting IC1, starting IC2, resistance R1, resistance R2, capacitor
C1 and capacitor C2, the input port 1 for starting IC1 terminate power input V as the input of start-up circuitIN, resistance R1 one end and
One end of filter capacitor C1；The other end and the other end of capacitor C1 of resistance R1, one end of resistance R2, capacitor C2 one end, open
The control terminal 3 of dynamic IC1 connects, and the other end and the capacitor C2 other end of resistance R2 is connected to ground；The output end 2 for starting IC1 connects
To the input terminal 2 of starting IC2, the control terminal 3 for starting IC2 is grounded, and starts output end of the output end 1 of IC2 as start-up circuit
It is connected to the feeder ear of external controller, is that the feeder ear of controller is powered.
After power supply electrifying, input controls the control terminal 3 of starting IC1 by electric resistance partial pressure, under low pressure input condition, point
Pressure value is kept above the shutdown threshold value of starting IC2, it can be ensured that starting IC2 is normally-open and closes；Under condition of high voltage, above-mentioned electricity
Resistance dividing ratios are equally applicable to the starting IC2 of low technique, can effectively evade pressure-resistant problem.
As another scheme of the start-up circuit, including starting IC1, starting IC2, resistance RL and zener diode
Dz, the input port 1 for starting IC1 terminate power input V as the input of start-up circuitIN；The plus earth of zener diode Dz,
The cathode of zener diode Dz is connected to the control terminal 3 of starting IC1 and one end of resistance RL, and the resistance RL other end is connected to starting
The output end 2 of IC1 and the input terminal 2 of starting IC2；The control terminal 3 for starting IC2 is grounded, and starts the output end 1 of IC2 as starting
The output of circuit terminates to the feeder ear of external controller, to give shunt capacitance CVDDCharging,；Under high input voltage, starting
3 voltage of control terminal of IC1 is clamped, while starting 2 voltage of input terminal of IC2 also clamper therewith, therefore the pressure resistance for starting IC2 is asked
Topic can not have to consider, get rid of it is technologic limited, and without periphery regulation.
Preferably, starting IC1 and starting IC2 has the characteristics that be saturated high current, and starts IC2 band and open and shut off control
Function, there are larger return differences for the starting threshold value and shutdown threshold value for starting IC2.
Preferably, the resistance value of resistance RL is mega-ohms.
Brief analysis has been carried out to implementation and circuit theory of the invention, effect etc. above, has now had of the invention
Beneficial performance summary is as follows:
1, the present invention can solve the starting problem under ultra-wide AC or DC input voltage range, it can be achieved that under low pressure input just
Often starting, and start-up circuit is closed after controller starting, save power consumption.
2, big charging current is realized under the conditions of gamut voltage input, make that it is suitable for all kinds of controller IC applications.
3, device needed for start-up circuit is few, and peripheral structure is simple, and circuit theory is reliable, small in size, saves cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that conventional linear voltage regulator circuit realizes controller starting；
Fig. 2 is the high-voltage starting circuit that the prior art realizes controller starting；
Fig. 3 is start-up circuit functional block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of start-up circuit embodiment one of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the waveform correlation that start-up circuit embodiment one of the invention realizes controller starting；
Fig. 6 opens machine test waveform for practical application of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that test waveform is restarted in the protection of practical application of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the functional block diagram of start-up circuit embodiment two of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further described.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
Embodiment one
Fig. 3 is circuit reduction figure of the present invention in the application scenarios of opto-coupled feedback flyback sourse, wherein secondary side is omitted
Optocoupler and TL431 and loop compensation part.Start-up circuit of the present invention be dotted line frame in circuit part, because periphery can have it is more
Kind connection type, is not shown, detailed in Example herein, and in addition its controller and other circuits are unrelated to the invention, herein no longer
It repeats.GT pin is the driving output of controller, for controlling being switched on and off for power tube M1；VDD pin is controller
Power input pin, for the power supply of controller, wherein VDD pin connects the output end of start-up circuit, and it is defeated can to solve super wide range
Enter in VINThe problem of controller can not normally start in the case that voltage is very low.Other pins of controller shown in Fig. 3 connect
Relationship and function are unrelated to the invention, therefore do not indicate in figure.
As shown in figure 4, being applied to the circuit diagram of Switching Power Supply first embodiment for start-up circuit of the present invention.
Start-up circuit includes two starting IC, the resistance of two kilo-ohms of grades and the filter capacitor of two nanofarad ranges.Starting
The input port 1 of IC1 meets power input VIN, and it is connected to one end of resistance R1 and one end of filter capacitor C1, resistance R1's is another
The other end of end and capacitor C1 are connected with one end of one end of resistance R2, capacitor C2, and are connected to the control terminal 3 of starting IC1, electricity
The other end and the capacitor C2 other end for hindering R2 are connected to ground.The output end 2 of starting IC1 is connected to the input terminal 2 of starting IC2, opens
The control terminal 3 of dynamic IC2 is grounded, and the output end 1 for starting IC2 is connected to the feeder ear VDD of controller.
The basic functional principle of the present embodiment:
After power supply electrifying, the control terminal voltage of IC1 is controlled by electric resistance partial pressure, thus the electricity that control is flowed through from starting IC1
Stream, starting IC2 control terminal are coupled directly to ground, and realize that maximum current charges to the VDD shunt capacitance of controller, and then realize control
The quick start of device processed.
Realize that the implementation method started under high current and low pressure is as follows in this embodiment:
In starting IC1, the voltage of control terminal are as follows:
Starting IC1 is equivalent to one and exhausts metal-oxide-semiconductor, flows through electric current are as follows:
Wherein, Vs1For the source voltage (i.e. 2 voltage of port) for exhausting pipe, VthFor the turn-on threshold voltage for exhausting pipe.
Realize that metal-oxide-semiconductor work while saturation conduction state, can be controlled in starting when low pressure inputs by electric resistance partial pressure
The output voltage of IC2 is more than that it starts voltage and shutdown threshold voltage, on the one hand can normally start, on the other hand can pass through again
Resistance proportion reduces the stress of starting IC2, thus realize that starting high current charges to controller, quick start.
Herein, the resistance selection magnitude suggestion of resistance pressure-dividing network is kilo-ohm grade, can guarantee the resistance in low pressure in this way
Partial pressure is accurate, while its dividing ratios should meet the starting and closedown condition of starting IC2.
VDD and GT pin voltage waveform when Fig. 5 is the controller starting of embodiment one, it can be seen that, it is powered in input
Afterwards, start-up circuit provides high current and quickly charges to VDD shunt capacitance, and by time T1, vdd voltage charges to controller starting
Point VVDD_ON, controller is started to work, and output pulse waveform, drives external power pipe, and transmit energy to secondary side by transformer
Amount, due to controller power consumption, VDD charging rate slows down, but charging current is greater than power consumption electric current, continues to charge, when passing through
Between T2, vdd voltage charge to starting IC2 shutdown threshold value VIC2_OFF, starting IC2 shutdown, start-up circuit closing, saving power consumption,
Controller vdd terminal mouth voltage starts power down due to controller power consumption at this time, and by time T3, output voltage is risen to
VOUT_min, and auxiliary winding voltage is transformed by transformer, loop begins setting up and tends towards stability, and controller VDD draws at this time
Foot is powered by auxiliary winding.
As shown in fig. 6, actual test opens machine waveform diagram when for present invention application, wherein GT pin is impulse waveform, real
It needs to lengthen the testing time in survey to observe the variation of start-up course VDD pin voltage and output establishment process, therefore GT pin
Waveform generates shade because intensive, and in addition GATE pin amplitude follows VDD to change, and keeps stablizing after output is established.Due to control
The starting voltage of device design processed is close with the starting shutdown threshold value of IC2, it can be seen that when vdd voltage rises to shutdown point, opens
Dynamic circuit is closed, and saves loss, while controller output pulse signal, controller vdd terminal mouth voltage due to controller power consumption and
Start power down, when output is gradually built up, controller turns to be powered by auxiliary winding.As seen from Figure 6, on startup, it bypasses
Capacitor (10uF) charging current are as follows:
It can be seen that charging current is very big, it can greatly reduce and open the machine time.
As shown in fig. 7, test waveform figure is restarted in the protection of actual test when applying for the present invention, wherein GT pin is pulse
There is shade due to will lengthen the testing time in waveform.When controller is protected and is turned off, energy needed for the quiescent operation of controller
Feeder ear VDD is supplied to by shunt capacitance, when the voltage of feeder ear VDD drops to the starting point of starting IC2, start-up circuit weight
New work, provides high current for the feeder ear VDD of controller, charged to shunt capacitance until controller restarts, in VDD
Rise to starting IC2 closing threshold value, be again switched off start-up circuit, so repeat, controller replace with start-up circuit open and
It closes, until controller detects that protection is eliminated.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 8, compared with embodiment one, difference is that not needing resistance realizes partial pressure, using voltage-stabiliser tube clamper,
Periphery is saved, and reduces the voltage stress of starting IC2, to directly use low pressure process IC.Such as Fig. 8, start the input terminal of IC1
Mouth 1 meets power input VIN, zener diode Dz plus earth, cathode is connected to the control terminal 3 of starting IC1, and is connected to resistance RL's
One end, the resistance RL other end is connected to the output end 2 of starting IC1, and is connected with the input terminal 2 of starting IC2.Start the control of IC2
End 3 processed is grounded, and output end 1 meets the feeder ear VDD of controller.
The basic functional principle of the present embodiment:
After power supply electrifying, starting IC1 and starting IC2 are opened, and start-up circuit generates high current to the feeder ear VDD of controller
Shunt capacitance charging, when vdd voltage reach starting IC2 shutdown threshold value, start-up circuit close, save power consumption.In output electricity
After pressure is gradually built up, controller starts to be powered by auxiliary winding.
Starting IC1 is equivalent to a NMOS tube, under low pressure input condition, starts 3 voltage of control terminal of IC1 due to grid
Parasitic capacitance between pole and drain electrode will be charged to close to initial input voltage VIN, work as VINVoltage punctures higher than clamper tube
When voltage, 3 voltage of control terminal for starting IC1 will be clamped clamp value in zener diode, so that the input for starting IC2 also will
Clamper, the then pressure resistance without consideration starting IC2 in this case, low pressure process just can be used in starting IC2, therefore starting IC2 can
It is not limited with flexible choice and by technique, even if technique change is still unaffected in application, can be met inexpensive, multi-party
The demand of case selection.
Herein, the resistance value of resistance RL selects mega-ohms, and ohmically pressure drop is clamper tube voltage and starting IC2 input voltage
Difference, value very little, therefore working loss can be effectively reduced.
It should be understood that the present invention relates to the applications of start-up circuit, wherein using to two starting IC, this two
The function of starting IC is achieved in that known to person of ordinary skill in the field that the person skilled in the art can basis
The embodiment of the invention realizes the implementation of technical solution, even if the inside for starting IC for two in specification is not made in detail
Thin introduction can not be thought in specification to be insufficient for the operation instruction for starting IC.Start IC's about second
Selection, then can by person of ordinary skill in the field according to demand and concrete technology provide to make decision, this part
Specific implementation method should be known to a person skilled in the art.
The implementation of the present invention is not limited to this, and above content according to the invention is known using the ordinary skill of this field
Knowledge and customary means, under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention, the present invention can also make other a variety of shapes
Modification, replacement or the change of formula, all fall within rights protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of start-up circuit, it is characterised in that: including starting IC1, starting IC2, resistance R1, resistance R2, capacitor C1 and capacitor
C2, the input port 1 for starting IC1 terminate power input V as the input of start-up circuitIN, resistance R1 one end and filter capacitor
One end of C1；The control of the other end and the other end of capacitor C1, one end of resistance R2, one end of capacitor C2, starting IC1 of resistance R1
End 3 processed connects, and the other end and the capacitor C2 other end of resistance R2 is connected to ground；The output end 2 of starting IC1 is connected to starting IC2
Input terminal 2, the control terminal 3 for starting IC2 is grounded, starts the output end 1 of IC2 as the output of start-up circuit and terminate to outside
The feeder ear of controller is that the feeder ear of controller is powered.
2. start-up circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the starting IC1 and starting IC2 has saturation big
The characteristics of electric current, and start IC2 band and open and shut off control function, starting the starting threshold value of IC2, there are larger with threshold value is turned off
Return difference.
3. start-up circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the resistance R1 and resistance R2 is the electricity of kilo-ohm grade
Resistance；The capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 is the filter capacitor of nanofarad range.
4. a kind of start-up circuit, it is characterised in that: including starting IC1, starting IC2, resistance RL and zener diode Dz, starting
The input port 1 of IC1 terminates power input V as the input of start-up circuitIN；The plus earth of zener diode Dz, pressure stabilizing two
The cathode of pole pipe Dz is connected to the control terminal 3 of starting IC1 and one end of resistance RL, and the resistance RL other end is connected to the defeated of starting IC1
The input terminal 2 of outlet 2 and starting IC2；The control terminal 3 for starting IC2 is grounded, and starts the output end 1 of IC2 as the defeated of start-up circuit
The feeder ear of external controller is terminated to out, is that the feeder ear of controller is powered.
5. start-up circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the starting IC1 and starting IC2 has saturation big
The characteristics of electric current, and start IC2 band and open and shut off control function, starting the starting threshold value of IC2, there are larger with threshold value is turned off
Return difference.
6. start-up circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the resistance value of the resistance RL is mega-ohms.
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| CN201811330421.5A CN109245513B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Starting circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11921531B2 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2024-03-05 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Zener diode power path control for extended operation range of linear power supplies |
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| CN207069897U (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-03-02 | 苏州汇川技术有限公司 | Start-up circuit and inverse-excitation type switch power-supply |
| CN207475402U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-08 | 深圳海鸿微电子科技有限公司 | Integrated super-pressure start-up circuit and Switching Power Supply in the controller |
| CN209016930U (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳南云微电子有限公司 | A kind of start-up circuit |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11921531B2 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2024-03-05 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Zener diode power path control for extended operation range of linear power supplies |
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| CN109245513B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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