CN109226756A - A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath - Google Patents

A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109226756A
CN109226756A CN201811212999.0A CN201811212999A CN109226756A CN 109226756 A CN109226756 A CN 109226756A CN 201811212999 A CN201811212999 A CN 201811212999A CN 109226756 A CN109226756 A CN 109226756A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
material manufacturing
increasing material
flow field
light
molten bath
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Application number
CN201811212999.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙东科
王学舟
严岩
倪中华
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Priority to CN201811212999.0A priority Critical patent/CN109226756A/en
Publication of CN109226756A publication Critical patent/CN109226756A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of devices in transparent flow field near observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath, including plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment, light-source system, light path system and imaging system, wherein light path system is that " V " word taper reflection type optical path is formed by a parabolic mirror;Parabolic mirror is arranged behind transparent flow field to be observed, and light-source system and the edge of a knife are arranged at the two focus length of parabolic mirror, the key light axial symmetry about parabolic mirror;At edge of a knife rear, camera lens and CCD/CMOS imaging sensor are set.The present invention can observation be carried out in transparent flow field near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing, it obtains the optical imagery of flow field evolutionary process and the problem is analyzed, be of great significance to the development of the dynamics basic law, propulsion high energy beam increasing material manufacturing control shape control technology that disclose the flowing of increasing material manufacturing process medium fluid.

Description

A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device in transparent flow field near observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath, belong to etc. from Daughter increases material manufacturing technology field.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (3D printing) technology refers in such a way that material is successively accumulated, direct according to the threedimensional model of product It is manufactured as physical product.With it is traditional subtract material manufacture compared with, increases material manufacturing technology does not need mold, can be with direct digitization system It makes, has the characteristics that few waste of raw materials, simple process, manufacturing process are short, can shape complex appearance and structure, this is a kind of tool There are the manufacturing method of innovative significance, the referred to as manufacturing science of 21 century.So far, increasing material manufacturing is in medical treatment, aviation boat It, automobile manufacture, mold, cultural creative, the fields such as education are widely applied.Existing the used heat source of increases material manufacturing technology Mainly there are laser, electron beam and plasma etc..
Plasma increases material manufacturing technology is heat source using the electric arc that the plasma source of welding current generates, and passes through increasing Add the method for material to manufacture molded parts has compared with using laser and electron beam as the increases material manufacturing technology of heat source The advantages such as deposition efficiency is high, manufacturing cost is low.It is generally divided into plasma deposition forming technology and plasma selective melting skill Art.Plasma deposition forming technology be based on layer-by-layer cladding principle, using traditional welding process in convergence it is good, high compression Plasma beam melts the metal powder of synchronous supply or silk material, and layer-by-layer heap covers until form metal components on substrate. The process principle and selective laser smelting technology of plasma selective melting technology and the technology of electron beam selective melting are processed former It manages essentially identical, components threedimensional model is layered and is sliced, by pre- powdering, control heat source beam and scanned along graphics track Each layer alloy powder melts it and quickly solidification deposits, and gradually stacking becomes 3-dimensional metal part, and the accuracy of manufacture is high, therefore The direct forming of accurate complex component may be implemented.Difference is that heat source is different.
During increasing material manufacturing, fluid flowing is all physical phenomenon that is extremely common and being difficult to avoid that, is related in process And the physical mechanisms such as velocity field, height nonequilibrium state temperature field and stress field, all will be to manufacturing process and final molding part Macro property generates far-reaching influence.
For at present, during studying increasing material manufacturing technical study, the method that researcher usually utilizes numerical value to calculate is to increasing material Manufacturing process is simulated, and analyzing melting pool shape in components manufacturing process, molten bath, nearby the fluid in Temperature Distribution and molten bath is dynamic Mechanics etc., and then study the method for improving molded part performance.But numerical simulation has certain limitation, digital method Reliability, convergence, stability etc. restrict the application and popularization of numerical simulation technology.In addition, the simplification of boundary condition with And the Approximation Problem of parameter also limits the ability that numerical simulation describes engineering problem, while there are also the limitations etc. of computing resource to ask Topic.Become a kind of essential research means by the evolution in flow field during Research on experimental methods increasing material.
But the molten bath method for sensing at present in research field includes the light of transmitting being imaged and being collected transmitting Light.Infrared ray (IR) and visible light camera for imaging, and the photoelectric diode device for light emitting detection (in upstream with or without infrared bandpass filters) is all that thermometric obtains thermal energy image, and data volume is big, higher cost, and can not The transparent flow field observed near molten bath develops.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath Device, study the Evolution maps in transparent flow field near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing, infer and solidified with regulation Journey and it is formed by microstructure, to reach the target for improving increasing material manufacturing technique, optimizing part forming process.
In order to achieve the above objectives, transparent flow near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath of the present invention Field device, transparent flow field carries out contactless observation near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing.With the refraction of light The Density Distribution in transparent flow field is changed into the distribution of image light and shade by principle, and molten bath is attached during obtaining plasma increasing material manufacturing The optical imagery in near-transparent flow field.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath, including plasma increasing material manufacturing are set Standby, light-source system, light path system and imaging system, light-source system include LED light source and fiber exit device;Light path system The reflected light path formed for parabolic mirror;Imaging system includes the edge of a knife, camera lens and CCD/CMOS imaging sensor, The plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment is arranged in light-source system and imaging system front end, plasma increasing material manufacturing to be observed Transparent flow field is arranged on the workbench of plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment near molten bath in the process, and the parabolic mirror is set It sets in the workbench front end of plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment, the light-source system, imaging system and parabolic mirror shape At " V " word taper reflected light path, each section main shaft is set to sustained height.
Wherein, light-source system selects yellow LED light source, and couples approximate point in aluminum enclosure with 1.5mm small diameter fiber Light source is emitted, and light-source system is supported fixation by adjustable optical bracket.
Wherein, reflecting mirror is generally round, and mirror surface is paraboloid, and one V-groove bracket is tangent is connected and fixed for setting.
Wherein, light-source system is arranged at the two focus length of parabolic mirror, the line of centres and parabolic mirror The deflection angle of optical axis is 2 °.
Wherein, the edge of a knife is arranged at parabolic mirror two focus length, and 50% cutting is carried out to reflection source picture.
Wherein, camera lens, the setting of CCD/CMOS imaging sensor connect at edge of a knife rear with parabolic mirror center The deflection angle of line and parabolic mirror primary optical axis is -2 °.
Wherein, plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment only has rear end face opening, closes on excess-three face and top.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath of the present invention, by non-contact Transparent flow field is observed near molten bath during formula Optical devices plasma increasing material manufacturing, obtains the optics in transparent flow field It is compareed and is analyzed with the numerical simulation image in flow field by image, and experiment is combined with analog simulation, improves research effect Rate and accuracy achieve the purpose that improve increasing material manufacturing technique, optimization part forming process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of rough package drawing of device of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of light-source system schematic diagram of device of the invention;
Fig. 3 is specific arrangement schematic diagram between a kind of system of device of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the parabolic mirror schematic diagram in a kind of light path system of device of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the fixation V-groove support schematic diagram of parabolic mirror in Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the observed result figure in practical embodiments.
Reference signs list:
1, light-source system;2, parabolic mirror;3, near molten bath transparent flow field during plasma increasing material manufacturing to be observed; 4, the edge of a knife;5, camera lens;6, CCD/CMOS imaging sensor;7, plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment;8, workbench;9, V-type Slot bracket.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
The device in transparent flow field, embodiments thereof near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath of the invention As shown in Figure 1, including light-source system 1, parabolic mirror 2, the edge of a knife 4, camera lens 5 and CCD/CMOS imaging sensor 6, Fission is arranged, and centre-height is consistent, i.e., its main shaft and primary optical axis are in a height;The light-source system 1, imaging system And parabolic mirror 2 forms " V " word taper reflected light path, in entire use process, each section relative position is fixed, i.e., The optical path of formation does not change, and only transparent flow field 3 is becoming near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing to be observed Change, is recorded by imaging system.Transparent flow field 3 is arranged in parabolic near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing to be observed Between face reflecting mirror 2 and imaging system.
During actual practice, in order to determine the placement position of non-contact optical means each section, first to use The working space and arrangement of plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment measure.It is closed on three face of equipment and top, only there is gold on one side Belonging to door can open, and inner cavity is having a size of 1.2m × 1.2m × 1.6m, and wherein a height of 1.6m in inner cavity, print platform size are then 0.6m ×0.6m.XYZ triaxial movement platform drives nozzle and wire feeding head whole across print platform synchronizing moving in the X-axis direction, Z The movement of axis X-axis translation column on carry out, the movement of Y-axis then Z axis translation crossbeam on carry out, print platform-X-axis side To there also is provided distal end wire-feed motor.The laminar flow that the heat source of plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment is developed using the kidney-yang science and technology in Chengdu Arc plasma beam.This be it is a kind of efficiently, high energy, can Digital Control pencil superelevation temperature-heat-source, and be configured with its company and grind Special-purpose numerical control system processed.High-temperature plasma beam is ionized by high-purity argon and is generated, and protection gas is also high-purity argon, while again cooling work With the diameter of nozzle is 5mm.The material selection of silk is 316L stainless steel, and the new standard trade mark is 022Cr17Ni12Mo2, There are the features such as atmospheric corrosion resistance, elevated temperature strength are good, processing hardening is excellent, is highly suitable for metal increasing material manufacturing, and a diameter of 1.2mm。
As shown in Fig. 2, light-source system and the edge of a knife are at the two focus length of parabolic mirror, it is anti-about paraboloid The key light axial symmetry of mirror is penetrated, deflection angle is 2 °, contrary.It can be selected according to the size of specific plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment Select paraboloid focal length appropriate and deflection angle.
As shown in figure 3, light-source system 1 selects LED light source.Specifically, LED light source is arranged in aluminum enclosure, to meet this A kind of requirement that method approximation point light source mode is emitted of invention, it is preferable that: the light of minor diameter is set in aluminum hull Fibre is emitted, and diameter is preferably 1.5mm or so.Integrated light source system is supported fixation by adjustable optical bracket, so as to The adjusting of height and angle is realized when being observed.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of parabolic mirror 2.The preferred embodiment that parabolic mirror 2 manufactures is: high using reflectivity Aluminum metal manufactured, use diamond tool carry out vehicle, polishing process, last plated film.V-groove bracket 9, V as shown in Figure 5 Type groove bracket 9 and round parabolic mirror 2 are tangent.Specifically, two connectors of setting keep V-groove and parabolic mirror solid It is fixed, so that circular reflector is erected on platform.
Specifically, the light-source system 1 of LED light source and point light source beam emitter composition, is arranged in parabolic mirror 2 Two focus length at, the light of outgoing is passed through and is sent out behind transparent flow field 3 during plasma increasing material manufacturing to be observed near molten bath Raw refraction obtains one at 2 two focus length of parabolic mirror and waits the reality stood upside down greatly by the reflection of parabolic mirror 2 Picture, the edge of a knife 5 being arranged on herein cut, into camera lens 6, are imaged on CCD/CMOS imaging sensor 7, realize equity During gas ions increasing material manufacturing near molten bath transparent flow field observation.
Fig. 6 is the observed result figure of the invention obtained in actual practice process.It clearly has recorded since substrate heating The flowing in transparent flow field changes near molten bath in this chain of events carried out to printing, by the numerical simulation image of itself and flow field It is compareed and is analyzed, experiment is combined with analog simulation, that is, Efficiency and accuracy can be improved, reaches improvement and increases material system The purpose made technique, optimize part forming process.
The above is only an a kind of practical operation application of device of the invention, it should be pointed out that: this technology is led For the those of ordinary skill in domain, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these Improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath, it is characterised in that: including it is equal from Daughter increasing material manufacturing equipment, light-source system, light path system and imaging system, light-source system include that LED light source and optical fiber go out Injection device;Light path system is the reflected light path that parabolic mirror is formed;Imaging system includes the edge of a knife, camera lens and CCD/ Cmos image sensor, plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment setting are to be observed in light-source system and imaging system front end Transparent flow field is arranged on the workbench of plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment near molten bath during plasma increasing material manufacturing, institute State the workbench front end that plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment is arranged in parabolic mirror, the light-source system, imaging system with And parabolic mirror forms " V " word taper reflected light path, each section main shaft is set to sustained height.
2. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 1, It is characterized by: the light-source system is yellow LED light source, and approximate point is coupled in aluminum enclosure with 1.5mm small diameter fiber Light source is emitted, and light-source system is supported fixation by adjustable optical bracket.
3. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 1, It is characterized by: the reflecting mirror is generally round, mirror surface is paraboloid, and one V-groove bracket is tangent is connected and fixed for setting.
4. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 1, It is characterized by: the light-source system is arranged at the two focus length of parabolic mirror, the line of centres and parabolic reflector The deflection angle of mirror optical axis is 2 °.
5. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 1, It is characterized by: the edge of a knife is arranged at parabolic mirror two focus length, 50% cutting is carried out to reflection source picture.
6. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 5, It is characterized by: the camera lens, CCD/CMOS imaging sensor are arranged at edge of a knife rear, with parabolic mirror center The deflection angle of line and parabolic mirror primary optical axis is -2 °.
7. the device in transparent flow field near a kind of observation plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath according to claim 1, It is characterized by: the plasma increasing material manufacturing equipment only has rear end face opening, closed on excess-three face and top.
CN201811212999.0A 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath Pending CN109226756A (en)

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CN201811212999.0A CN109226756A (en) 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811212999.0A CN109226756A (en) 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 A kind of device for observing transparent flow field near plasma increasing material manufacturing process molten bath

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541437A (en) * 1948-07-30 1951-02-13 Prescott Rochelle Apparatus for investigating optical refraction phenomena in gaseous media
FR1382128A (en) * 1962-08-20 1964-12-18 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise information recording element
US3431352A (en) * 1963-06-05 1969-03-04 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Device for the analysis of phenomena involving variations in optical path length
US3468610A (en) * 1966-05-10 1969-09-23 Muffoletto Carl V Schlieren and strain birefringence system
CN101625281A (en) * 2009-07-28 2010-01-13 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Testing device of imaging quality of extreme ultraviolet imaging optical instrument
CN204536663U (en) * 2015-05-06 2015-08-05 宁波海恩光电仪器有限责任公司 Split type schlieren system
CN106706271A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-24 大连鉴影光学科技有限公司 Automatic detection and performance analysis optimization device and system for optical system
CN106918313A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-07-04 浙江工业大学 A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gatherings minute surface quality determining method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541437A (en) * 1948-07-30 1951-02-13 Prescott Rochelle Apparatus for investigating optical refraction phenomena in gaseous media
FR1382128A (en) * 1962-08-20 1964-12-18 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise information recording element
US3431352A (en) * 1963-06-05 1969-03-04 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Device for the analysis of phenomena involving variations in optical path length
US3468610A (en) * 1966-05-10 1969-09-23 Muffoletto Carl V Schlieren and strain birefringence system
CN101625281A (en) * 2009-07-28 2010-01-13 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Testing device of imaging quality of extreme ultraviolet imaging optical instrument
CN204536663U (en) * 2015-05-06 2015-08-05 宁波海恩光电仪器有限责任公司 Split type schlieren system
CN106706271A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-24 大连鉴影光学科技有限公司 Automatic detection and performance analysis optimization device and system for optical system
CN106918313A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-07-04 浙江工业大学 A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gatherings minute surface quality determining method

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