CN108453260A

CN108453260A - A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings

Info

Publication number: CN108453260A
Application number: CN201810348147.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张万军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-04-18
Filing date: 2018-04-18
Publication date: 2018-08-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fusion pool online monitoring systems of SLM laser fast formings, including laser, high-speed camera, power distribution cabinet, control system, selective laser melting pool device, laser detector；Wherein：The high-speed camera is mounted on the left end of laser, sets that there are four CCD high speed imaging mirrors on the high-speed camera；The selective laser melting pool device includes moulding cylinder, powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting plant；Laser enters in selective laser melting pool device, laser detector is monitored, high-speed camera shoots fusion pool in line image, real-time Transmission computer, the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings can be observed in real time on computers in line image, the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings is completed, it is simple in structure, easy to operate.The present invention realizes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings, improves production efficiency, can generate good economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings

Technical field

The invention belongs to computer control, the fields of CAD, Numeric Control Technology, detection technique, laser material technology, specifically relate to And the motion control card of SLM laser fast formings, more specifically, it is online to be related to a kind of fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings Monitoring system.

Background technology

Selective laser melting technology（Abbreviation SLM technologies）, it is current relatively advanced Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique.SLM Laser fast forming is integrated with various such as mechanical engineering, computer control, CAD, Numeric Control Technology, detection technique, laser material The cutting edge technology of section is a kind of typical new and high technology.

Rapid prototyping technology has thoroughly broken away from traditional " removal " processing method（Part removal is more than the material on the blank of workpiece Expect to obtain workpiece）, and use completely new " growth " method of piling（It is gradually superimposed as big workpiece with small blank from level to level, will be answered Miscellaneous Three-dimension process resolves into the combination of simple two dimension processing）, therefore, it need not use traditional machining tool and work mould Tool, only needs 10%~30% working hour of traditional diamond-making technique and 20%~35% cost, can directly produce product sample Product or mold.Since Quick-forming has above-mentioned advantage outstanding, so quickly growing in recent years, it has also become modern advanced manufacture A mainstay in technology is to realize concurrent engineering CE（Concurrent Engineering）Essential means. One of the precondition for studying SLM rapid laser-shaping techniques is exactly to possess high-precision SLM control systems.External expert and Person has carried out more in-depth study in this respect, has been manufactured that for actual production process equipment, and by it Using in actual processing, but process expensive, production technology is complicated, this is not appropriate in China's Spread in China.

Selective laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) technology be the 1990s mid-term go out A kind of existing novel rapid shaping (Rapid Prototyping, RP) technology.Its simple, material use with moulding process The advantages that rate is high, applicability is wide and shaping efficiency is high, thus have received widespread attention.However, current SLM rapid forming equipments The shortcomings of costliness, part accuracy is poor and operating cost is high, has but severely impacted the popularization and application of SLM technologies.Previous SLM The fusion pool online monitoring system of laser fast forming does not use moulding cylinder, powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting dress It sets, also exists simultaneously many security risks, time-consuming and laborious, inefficiency；The fusion pool of previous SLM laser fast formings exists Tactile touch screen, key device, memory, support column, supply unit, wiring are fitted without in line monitoring system in control system Hole, control circuit board do not use galvanometer motion controller, also without using galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O outputs Mouth, moulding cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface, do not have high-speed camera Online- Cam, computer real-time monitoring cannot yet The on-line monitoring effect of easily Fast Monitoring SLM laser fast formings, SLM Quick-formings is poor, cannot save manpower, Production efficiency is relatively low, can not generate good economic benefit and social benefit.

Invention content

The present invention is to give a kind of fusion pool on-line monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings to overcome above-mentioned deficiency System.

Technical scheme is as follows：

A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings, including laser, high-speed camera, power distribution cabinet, control System, selective laser melting pool device, laser detector；Wherein：The high-speed camera is mounted on the left end of laser, CCD high speed imaging mirrors there are four being set on the high-speed camera, flutter for front, rear, left and right and catch SLM laser fast formings The data of the on-line monitoring image of fusion pool；The laser is equipped with barrier gate, and the barrier gate lower end is opened equipped with laser It closes, the barrier gate, the open and close for controlling laser；The described selective laser melting pool device include moulding cylinder, Powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting plant；Powder supply cylinder, bottom righthand side installation forming are installed in the workbench, lower-left end Selective laser melting plant is installed in cylinder, upper end；The powder supply cylinder further includes powdering cylinder, the left and right both ends of powdering cylinder point Not She You left powdering roller, right powdering roller, the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, completes the powdering of SLM Movement；The powder supply cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder；The laser detection Device includes photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, galvanometer；The focus lamp, left side installation are swept Head is retouched, half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror, the honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, and right end installs photodiode, control electricity Galvanometer motion controller is installed on the plate of road, supply unit, computer, power supply dress are terminated on the galvanometer motion controller Power supply, laser works are set, laser enters in selective laser melting pool device, and laser detector is monitored, high-speed camera The fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that machine is taken the photograph can be observed in real time on computers in line image, real-time Transmission computer The fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings in line image.

Further, AC power is installed for electric installation, centre installation transformer, lower end peace in the power distribution cabinet, upper end Fill DC suppling device.

Further, the AC power for electric installation from left to right successively install AC relay, A.C. contactor, Fuse, air switch one.

Further, the DC suppling device is installed fuse, air switch two, direct current and is filled successively from left to right Power supply.

Further, the control system includes touch screen, key device, memory, support column, supply unit, connects String holes, control circuit board.

Further, the control circuit board, right end install supply unit, and lower end is set there are three wiring hole, and upper end is set There is support column.

Further, touch screen is installed, key device is installed in the lower end of the touch screen 8, left on the support column Lower end is installed by memory.

Further, the key device includes front, rear, left and right four direction key, control key, 0~90 numbers Key.

Further, the memory includes CF card memories, SDRAM memory.

Further, CF card memories are installed in the CF card memories, lower-left end by CF Katos.

Further, the SDRAM memory, centre installation SDRAM memory.

Further, the galvanometer motion controller be equipped with galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O delivery outlets, Moulding cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface.

Further, touch screen, key device, memory are installed in the input ports I/O respectively.

Further, the laser is equipped with laser switch.

Further, the laser is made of laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser bodies.

Further, the laser uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can be carried out in continuous operation mode Laser fusion is tested.

Further, the galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch.

Further, the galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, reception device.

Further, I/O delivery outlet connecting lasers switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；The laser switch, is used for Complete the open and close of laser；The Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer.

Further, the moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, and the powder supply cylinder is equipped with powder supply cylinder control Interface processed is connected by moulding cylinder control interface between the moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller, completes moulding cylinder Forming moving.

Further, it is connected by powder supply cylinder control interface between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller, it is complete It is moved at the powder supply of powder supply cylinder；High-speed camera images, and completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings.

Further, the moulding cylinder is piston bore structure, and the moulding cylinder is equipped with the AC servo of moulding cylinder Motor, gear wheel, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley.

Further, the AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder, is mounted on Z-direction, and the powder supply cylinder is piston Cylinder structure, the powder supply cylinder are equipped with AC servo motor, non-circular gear, idle pulley, the piston of powder supply cylinder, the friendship of powder supply cylinder Flow servo motor realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley.

Further, the powder supply cylinder direction of motion is W axis directions, and the scraper plate direction of motion is U axis directions.

Further, the powder supply cylinder, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of Z-direction installation, powder supply cylinder AC servo Motor drives the upper and lower movement of piston to realize shaping work by non-circular gear.

Further, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of the W axis directions installation in the powder supply cylinder cylinder, powder supply cylinder are handed over Flow servo motor drives the upper and lower movement of piston to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley.

Further, the top surface of the moulding cylinder is the work top of laser formation, is laser scanning workspace；At During type, one layer is processed, the piston of W axial directions rises certain altitude, and the piston of Z axial directions declines a powdering thickness.

Further, the powdering scraper plate motor driving under along U axis directions according to program setting move distance from From left to right moves, and after moving to terminal, powdering scraper plate stop motion, reversed right-to-left movement returns to original position, to complete New one layer of powder is plated in work, and then laser begins to the processing of mew layer powder.

Further, the galvanometer control unit is equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis AC servo motor, Z axis and hands over Flow servo motor.

Further, the galvanometer includes an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, a Z axis galvanometer.

Further, an X axis galvanometer is installed on the X-axis AC servo motor；The Y-axis AC servo electricity One Y axis galvanometer is installed on machine；One Z axis galvanometer is installed on the Z axis AC servo motor.

Further, laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, is projected on Y axis galvanometers after reflection, By the reflection of Z axis galvanometers, light beam is mapped on the faces scanning XYZ；With the deflection of X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers, projects and sweep Hot spot in plane is retouched also with moving back and forth.

A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings realizes that the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings exists The process of line monitoring：

Step 1, computer operation, the path data of laser scans SLM laser fast formings；

Step 2, using the left powdering roller of powdering, right powdering roller, equably layer overlay usual tens is micro- on work top The metal powder of rice；

Step 3, laser head, working table movement carry out selective laser melting to every layer of powder, are melted after powder cooling admittedly Change the entity part for forming part together；

Step 4, high-speed camera camera shooting, the on-line monitoring figure for the fusion pool for catching SLM laser fast formings is flutterred in front, rear, left and right The data of picture；

Step 5, after the completion of one layer powder sintered, under control of the computer, moulding cylinder reduces certain height, send simultaneously After powder cylinder increases corresponding height, powdering cylinder re-lays one layer usual tens microns) powder, laser beam starts new one layer and sweeps It retouches；

It is fast to complete SLM laser for the on-line monitoring data of the fusion pool of Step 6, computer real-time monitoring SLM laser fast formings The fusion pool of rapid-result shape is monitored online.

Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages and high-lighting effect：

（1）, a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings that uses of the present invention, including laser, take the photograph at a high speed Camera, power distribution cabinet, control system, selective laser melting pool device, laser detector；Wherein：The high-speed camera peace Mounted in the left end of laser, is set on the high-speed camera there are four CCD high speed imaging mirrors, flutter and catch for front, rear, left and right The data of the on-line monitoring image of the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings；The laser is equipped with barrier gate, the barrier gate Lower end is equipped with laser switch, the barrier gate, the open and close for controlling laser；The selective laser fusion pool Device includes moulding cylinder, powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting plant；Powder supply cylinder is installed at the workbench, lower-left end, Selective laser melting plant is installed in bottom righthand side installation forming cylinder, upper end；The powder supply cylinder further includes powdering cylinder, the powdering The left and right both ends of cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering roller, right powdering roller, and the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, Complete the powdering movement of SLM；The powder supply cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder； The laser detector includes photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, galvanometer；Described is poly- Probe is installed in Jiao Jing, left side, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror, the honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, and right end installs photosensitive two pole It manages, galvanometer motion controller is installed in the control circuit board, power supply dress is terminated on the galvanometer motion controller Set, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enter selective laser melting pool device in, laser detector into Row monitoring, the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph is in line image, real-time Transmission computer, Ke Yi The fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings is observed on computer in real time in line image, the fusion pool for completing SLM laser fast formings exists Line monitors, simple in structure, easy to operate；

（2）, the powder supply cylinder that uses of the present invention further include powdering cylinder, the left and right both ends of powdering cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering rolling Sub, right powdering roller, the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, complete the powdering movement of SLM；The confession Powder cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder；

（3）, the laser detector that uses of the present invention include photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, Galvanometer；Probe is installed in the focus lamp, left side, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, and the honourable mirror is right End installation photodiode；

（4）, galvanometer motion controller, the galvanometer motion controller upper end are installed in the control circuit board that uses of the present invention It is connected to supply unit, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enters in selective laser melting pool device, laser Detection device is monitored, and in line image, real-time Transmission calculates the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph Machine can observe the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings in line image, complete SLM laser fast formings in real time on computers Fusion pool on-line monitoring；

（5）, the power distribution cabinet that uses of the present invention, upper end installs AC power for electric installation, centre installation transformer, and lower end installation is straight Galvanic electricity is for electric installation；The AC power installs AC relay, A.C. contactor, fusing successively from left to right for electric installation Device, air switch one；The DC suppling device installs fuse, air switch two, DC charging successively from left to right Power supply；

（6）, the control system that uses of the present invention include touch screen, key device, memory, support column, supply unit, wiring Hole, control circuit board；The control circuit board, right end install supply unit, and lower end is set there are three wiring hole, and upper end is equipped with branch Dagger；Touch screen is installed, key device, the installation storage of lower-left end are installed in the lower end of the touch screen 8 on the support column Device；The key device includes front, rear, left and right four direction key, control key, 0~9 10 numeric keys；The memory Including CF card memories, SDRAM memory；CF card memories are installed in the CF card memories, lower-left end by CF Katos；Institute The SDRAM memory stated, centre installation SDRAM memory；

（7）, the galvanometer motion controller that uses of the present invention be equipped with galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O delivery outlets, molding Cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface；The input ports I/O are installed by touch screen, key device, memory respectively；It is described Laser be equipped with laser switch；The laser is made of laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser bodies；Institute The laser stated uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can carry out laser fusion experiment in continuous operation mode；Described Galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch；The galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, reception device；The I/O outputs Mouth connecting laser switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；The laser switch, the open and close for completing laser；Described Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer；The moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, the powder supply Cylinder is equipped with powder supply cylinder control interface, is connected by moulding cylinder control interface between the moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller It connects, completes the forming moving of moulding cylinder；Pass through powder supply cylinder control interface phase between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller The powder supply movement of powder supply cylinder is completed in connection；High-speed camera images, and completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings；

（8）, the moulding cylinder that uses of the present invention for piston bore structure, the AC servo that the moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder is electric Machine, gear wheel, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley；Institute The AC servo motor for the moulding cylinder stated, is mounted on Z-direction, and the powder supply cylinder is piston bore structure, the powder supply Cylinder is equipped with AC servo motor, non-circular gear, idle pulley, the piston of powder supply cylinder, and the AC servo motor of powder supply cylinder passes through not rounded Gear, idle pulley realize the transmission of power；

（9）, the powder supply cylinder direction of motion that uses of the present invention for W axis directions, the scraper plate direction of motion is U axis directions；The confession Powder cylinder, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of Z-direction installation, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drive piston by non-circular gear It is upper and lower to move to realize shaping work；The powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of W axis directions installation in the powder supply cylinder cylinder, supplies Powder cylinder AC servo motor drives the upper and lower movement of piston to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley；The moulding cylinder Top surface be laser formation work top, be laser scanning workspace；In forming process, one layer is processed, W axial directions Piston rises certain altitude, and the piston of Z axial directions declines a powdering thickness；The powdering scraper plate is under motor driving along U Axis direction moves from left to right according to the move distance of program setting, after moving to terminal, powdering scraper plate stop motion, reversely Right-to-left moves, and returns to original position, work is plated in so as to complete new one layer of powder, and then laser begins to adding for mew layer powder Work；

（10）, the galvanometer control unit that uses of the present invention be equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis AC servo motor, Z axis exchange Servo motor；The galvanometer includes an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, a Z axis galvanometer；The X-axis exchange is watched Take one X axis galvanometer of installation on motor；One Y axis galvanometer is installed on the Y-axis AC servo motor；The Z axis is handed over One Z axis galvanometer is installed on flow servo motor；Laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, is projected after reflection Onto Y axis galvanometers, by the reflection of Z axis galvanometers, light beam is mapped on the faces scanning XYZ；With X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers Deflection projects hot spot on the plane of scanning motion also with moving back and forth.

In addition to the above, the present invention realizes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings, improves production effect Rate can generate good economic benefit and social benefit.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention；

Mark in figure：

1, laser,

2, barrier gate,

3, high-speed camera,

4, power distribution cabinet,

5, AC power is for electric installation,

6, transformer,

7, DC suppling device,

8, touch screen,

9, key device,

10, support column,

11, supply unit, 1

2, wiring hole,

13, control circuit board,

14, control system,

15, memory,

16, photodiode,

17, honourable mirror,

18, half-reflecting mirror,

19, moulding cylinder,

20, powder supply cylinder,

21, workbench,

22, selective laser melting plant,

23, selective laser melts pool device,

24, probe,

25, focus lamp,

26, laser detector.

Fig. 2 is selective laser fusion pool in a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention The structural schematic diagram of device；

Mark in Fig. 2：

27, left powdering roller,

28, powdering cylinder,

29, right powdering roller,

30, powder supply port,

30, molded part block.

Fig. 3 is galvanometer motion controller in a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention And the structural schematic diagram of controller；

Fig. 4 is that a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention realizes SLM laser fast formings The process of fusion pool on-line monitoring

Specific implementation mode

Embodiment 1

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solution of the present invention, and make the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy Advantage of seeking peace can be more obvious and easy to understand, is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention and embodiments thereof.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings, including laser 1, high speed Video camera 3, power distribution cabinet 4, control system 14, selective laser melting pool device 23, laser detector 26；Wherein：The height Fast video camera 3 is mounted on the left end of laser 1, sets that there are four CCD high speed imaging mirrors on the high-speed camera 3, before being used for, Afterwards, the data of the left and right on-line monitoring image for flutterring the fusion pool for catching SLM laser fast formings；The laser 1, which is equipped with, to close Lock 2,2 lower end of barrier gate are equipped with laser switch, the barrier gate 2, the open and close for controlling laser；It is described Selective laser melting pool device 23 include moulding cylinder 19, powder supply cylinder 20, workbench 21, selective laser melting plant 22；It is described Workbench 21, lower-left end installs powder supply cylinder 20, bottom righthand side installation forming cylinder 19, and selective laser melting plant 22 is installed in upper end； The powder supply cylinder 20 further includes powdering cylinder 28, and the 28 left and right both ends of powdering cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering roller 27, You Pu Powder roller 29, the left powdering roller 27, right powdering roller 29 move simultaneously, complete the powdering movement of SLM；The powder supply 20 lower end of cylinder is equipped with powder supply port 30, and the powder supply port 30 completes the entrance of SLM powder；The laser detector 26 wraps Include photodiode 16, honourable mirror 17, half-reflecting mirror 18, probe 24, focus lamp 25, galvanometer；The focus lamp 25, left side Probe 24 is installed, half-reflecting mirror 18, honourable mirror 17, the honourable mirror 17 are installed in right side successively, and right end installs photosensitive two pole Pipe 16 is equipped with galvanometer motion controller in the control circuit board 13, electricity is terminated on the galvanometer motion controller Source device, computer, means of power, laser 1 work, and laser enters in selective laser melting pool device 23, laser inspection It surveys device 26 to be monitored, the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera 3 is taken the photograph is in line image, real-time Transmission meter Calculation machine can observe the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings in line image, it is rapid-result soon to complete SLM laser in real time on computers The fusion pool of shape is monitored online.

Also, a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system for SLM laser fast formings that the present invention uses, including laser, height Fast video camera, power distribution cabinet, control system, selective laser melting pool device, laser detector；Wherein：The high-speed camera Machine is mounted on the left end of laser, is set on the high-speed camera there are four CCD high speed imaging mirrors, is used for front, rear, left and right Flutter the data of the on-line monitoring image for the fusion pool for catching SLM laser fast formings；The laser is equipped with barrier gate, described Barrier gate lower end is equipped with laser switch, the barrier gate, the open and close for controlling laser；The selective laser is molten Melt pool device includes moulding cylinder, powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting plant；Powder supply is installed at the workbench, lower-left end Selective laser melting plant is installed in cylinder, bottom righthand side installation forming cylinder, upper end；The powder supply cylinder further includes powdering cylinder, described The left and right both ends of powdering cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering roller, right powdering roller, and the left powdering roller, right powdering roller are simultaneously The powdering movement of SLM is completed in movement；The powder supply cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes SLM powder Into；The laser detector includes photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, galvanometer；It is described Focus lamp, left side installs probe, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, the honourable mirror, and right end installation is photosensitive Diode is equipped with galvanometer motion controller in the control circuit board, electricity is terminated on the galvanometer motion controller Source device, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enter in selective laser melting pool device, laser detection dress It sets and is monitored, for the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph in line image, real-time Transmission computer can With the fusion pool of observation SLM laser fast formings completes the melting of SLM laser fast formings in line image in real time on computers Pond is monitored online, and is a distinguishing feature of the invention.

Melting pool device in selective laser in a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention Structural schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 2：

Be further used as preferred embodiment, the selective laser melt pool device 23 include moulding cylinder 19, powder supply cylinder 20, Workbench 21, selective laser melting plant 22.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the workbench 21, powder supply cylinder 20, bottom righthand side installation are installed in lower-left end Selective laser melting plant 22 is installed in moulding cylinder 19, upper end.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the powder supply cylinder 20 further includes powdering cylinder 28, the powdering cylinder 28 Left and right both ends are respectively equipped with left powdering roller 27, right powdering roller 29, the left powdering roller 27, right powdering roller 29.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, 20 lower end of powder supply cylinder is equipped with powder supply port 30, and the powder supply port 30 is completed The entrance of SLM powder.

Also, the powder supply cylinder that the present invention uses further includes powdering cylinder, the left and right both ends of powdering cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering Roller, right powdering roller, the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, complete the powdering movement of SLM；Described Powder supply cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder, and is a distinguishing feature of the invention.

Also, the laser detector that the present invention uses includes photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focusing Mirror, galvanometer；Probe is installed in the focus lamp, left side, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, the honourable mirror, Right end installs photodiode, and is a distinguishing feature of the invention.

Also, galvanometer motion controller is installed in the control circuit board that the present invention uses, the galvanometer motion controller On be terminated with supply unit, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enters in selective laser melting pool device, Laser detector is monitored, and the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph is in line image, real-time Transmission Computer can observe the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings in line image, it is quick to complete SLM laser in real time on computers The fusion pool of forming is monitored online, and is a distinguishing feature of the invention.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the power distribution cabinet 4, AC power is installed for electric installation 5, centre in upper end Transformer 6 is installed, DC suppling device 7 is installed in lower end.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, installation exchanges the AC power successively from left to right for electric installation 5 Relay, A.C. contactor, fuse, air switch one.

Be further used as preferred embodiment, the DC suppling device 7 install successively from left to right fuse, Air switch two, DC charging power supply.

Also, the power distribution cabinet that the present invention uses, AC power is installed for electric installation, centre installation transformer, lower end peace in upper end Fill DC suppling device；The AC power for electric installation from left to right successively install AC relay, A.C. contactor, Fuse, air switch one；The DC suppling device installs fuse, air switch two, direct current successively from left to right Charge power supply, and be a distinguishing feature of the invention.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the control system 14 includes touch screen 8, key device 9, memory 15, support column 10, supply unit 11, wiring hole 12, control circuit board 13.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the control circuit board 13, right end installs supply unit 11, and lower end is set There are three wiring hole 12, upper end is equipped with support column 10.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, touch screen 8 is installed on the support column 10, the touch screen 8 Key device 9 is installed in lower end, and memory 15 is installed at lower-left end.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the key device 9 includes front, rear, left and right four direction key, control Key processed, 0~9 10 numeric keys.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the memory 15 includes CF card memories, SDRAM memory.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the CF card memories, lower-left end is installed CF cards by CF Katos and deposited Reservoir.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the SDRAM memory, centre installation SDRAM memory.

Also, the control system that the present invention uses includes touch screen, key device, memory, support column, supply unit, connects String holes, control circuit board；The control circuit board, right end install supply unit, and lower end is set there are three wiring hole, and upper end is equipped with Support column；Touch screen is installed, key device is installed in the lower end of the touch screen 8, and the installation of lower-left end is deposited on the support column Reservoir；The key device includes front, rear, left and right four direction key, control key, 0~9 10 numeric keys；The storage Device includes CF card memories, SDRAM memory；CF card memories are installed in the CF card memories, lower-left end by CF Katos； The SDRAM memory, centre installation SDRAM memory, and be a distinguishing feature of the invention.

Galvanometer motion controller in a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings of the present invention And the structural schematic diagram of controller, as shown in Figure 3：

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the galvanometer motion controller is equipped with galvanometer control unit, I/O is inputted Mouth, I/O delivery outlets, moulding cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, touch screen, key device, storage are installed in the input ports I/O respectively Device.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the laser is equipped with laser switch.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the laser is by laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser master Body forms.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the laser uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can be Continuous operation mode carries out laser fusion experiment.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, receives dress It sets；

It is further used as preferred embodiment, I/O delivery outlet connecting lasers switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；Described swashs Light device switchs, the open and close for completing laser；The Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, the powder supply Cylinder is equipped with powder supply cylinder control interface, is connected by moulding cylinder control interface between the moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller It connects, completes the forming moving of moulding cylinder.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, passes through powder supply cylinder control between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller Interface processed is connected, and completes the powder supply movement of powder supply cylinder；High-speed camera images, and completes the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings On-line monitoring.

Also, the galvanometer motion controller that uses of the present invention be equipped with galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O delivery outlets, Moulding cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface；The input ports I/O are installed by touch screen, key device, memory respectively； The laser is equipped with laser switch；The laser is by laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser bodies group At；The laser uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can carry out laser fusion experiment in continuous operation mode； The galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch；The galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, reception device；Described I/O delivery outlet connecting lasers switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；The laser switch, the open and close for completing laser； The Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer；The moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, described Powder supply cylinder be equipped with powder supply cylinder control interface, between the moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller by moulding cylinder control connect Mouth is connected, and completes the forming moving of moulding cylinder；It is controlled by powder supply cylinder between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller Interface is connected, and completes the powder supply movement of powder supply cylinder；High-speed camera images, and the fusion pool for completing SLM laser fast formings exists Line monitors, and is a distinguishing feature of the invention.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the moulding cylinder 19 is piston bore structure, the moulding cylinder 19 AC servo motor, gear wheel equipped with moulding cylinder, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder passes through non-knuckle-tooth Wheel, idle pulley realize the transmission of power.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder 19 is mounted on Z-direction, The powder supply cylinder 20 is piston bore structure, and the powder supply cylinder 20 is equipped with AC servo motor, the non-knuckle-tooth of powder supply cylinder Wheel, idle pulley, piston, the AC servo motor of powder supply cylinder realize the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley.

Also, the moulding cylinder that the present invention uses is piston bore structure, the moulding cylinder is equipped with the AC servo of moulding cylinder Motor, gear wheel, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley； The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder, is mounted on Z-direction, and the powder supply cylinder is piston bore structure, the confession Powder cylinder is equipped with AC servo motor, non-circular gear, idle pulley, the piston of powder supply cylinder, and the AC servo motor of powder supply cylinder passes through non- Knucle-gear, idle pulley realize the transmission of power, and are a distinguishing features of the invention.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, 20 direction of motion of powder supply cylinder is W axis directions, scraper plate movement side To for U axis directions.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the powder supply cylinder 20, the powder supply cylinder AC servo electricity of Z-direction installation Machine, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drive the upper and lower movement of piston to realize shaping work by non-circular gear.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the powder supply cylinder exchange of the W axis directions installation in 20 cylinder of powder supply cylinder Servo motor, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drive the upper and lower movement of piston to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the top surface of the moulding cylinder 19 is the work top of laser formation, is Laser scanning workspace.In forming process, one layer is processed, the piston of W axial directions rises certain altitude, the piston of Z axial directions Decline a powdering thickness.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the powdering scraper plate is under motor driving along U axis directions according to program The move distance of setting moves from left to right, after moving to terminal, powdering scraper plate stop motion, and reversed right-to-left movement, Original position is returned to, is plated in work so as to complete new one layer of powder, then laser begins to the processing of mew layer powder.

Also, the powder supply cylinder direction of motion that the present invention uses is W axis direction, the scraper plate direction of motion is U axis directions；Described Powder supply cylinder, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of Z-direction installation, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drive piston by non-circular gear Upper and lower movement realize shaping work；The powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of W axis directions installation in the powder supply cylinder cylinder, Powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drives the upper and lower movement of piston to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley；The molding The top surface of cylinder is the work top of laser formation, is laser scanning workspace；In forming process, one layer is processed, W is axial Piston rise certain altitude, Z axial direction piston decline one powdering thickness；The powdering scraper plate is under motor driving along U Axis direction moves from left to right according to the move distance of program setting, after moving to terminal, powdering scraper plate stop motion, reversely Right-to-left moves, and returns to original position, work is plated in so as to complete new one layer of powder, and then laser begins to adding for mew layer powder Work, and be a distinguishing feature of the invention.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, the galvanometer control unit is equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis is handed over Flow servo motor, Z axis AC servo motor.

Be further used as preferred embodiment, the galvanometer include an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, one Z axis galvanometers.

It is further used as preferred embodiment, an X axis galvanometer is installed on the X-axis AC servo motor；It is described Y-axis AC servo motor on install a Y axis galvanometer；One Z axis galvanometer is installed on the Z axis AC servo motor.

Laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, is projected on Y axis galvanometers after reflection, by Z axis The reflection of galvanometer, light beam are mapped on the faces scanning XYZ；With the deflection of X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers, project on the plane of scanning motion Hot spot also with moving back and forth.

It is handed over also, the galvanometer control unit that the present invention uses is equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis AC servo motor, Z axis Flow servo motor；The galvanometer includes an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, a Z axis galvanometer；The X-axis exchange One X axis galvanometer is installed on servo motor；One Y axis galvanometer is installed on the Y-axis AC servo motor；The Z axis One Z axis galvanometer is installed on AC servo motor；Laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, is thrown after reflection It is mapped on Y axis galvanometers, by the reflection of Z axis galvanometers, light beam is mapped on the faces scanning XYZ；With X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers Deflection, project hot spot on the plane of scanning motion also with moving back and forth, and be a distinguishing feature of the invention.

In detail, a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings realizes the mechanism of on-line monitoring：

（1）, high-speed camera camera shooting；

（2）, photodiode work；

（3）, honourable mirror work；

（4）, half-reflecting mirror work；

（5）, probe work；

（5）, focus lamp work.

（6）, molding cylinder working；

（7）, powder supply cylinder working；

（8）, selective laser melting plant work.

Embodiment 2

A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings realizes that the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings is supervised online The process of control is started to work as shown in figure 4, including a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings；Laser Device works：Power distribution cabinet prepares power supply；Control system works；High-speed camera images；Selective laser melts pool device work；Laser Detection device works；Judge whether that the fusion pool for completing SLM laser fast formings is monitored online；Complete SLM laser fast formings Fusion pool on-line monitoring etc. following steps：

Step 1：A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings is started to work；

Step 2：Laser works：

Step 3：Power distribution cabinet prepares power supply, specifically includes following steps：

（1）, AC power for electric installation power；

（2）, transformer power transformation；

（3）, DC suppling device work.

Step 4：Control system works；

Step 5：High-speed camera images；

Step 6：Selective laser melts pool device work, specifically includes following steps：

（1）, molding cylinder working；

（2）, powder supply cylinder working；

（3）, selective laser melting plant work.

Step 7：Laser detector works, and specifically includes following steps：

（1）, photodiode work；

（2）, honourable mirror work；

（3）, half-reflecting mirror work；

（4）, probe work；

（5）, focus lamp work.

Step 8：Judge whether that the fusion pool for completing SLM laser fast formings is monitored online；

If situation one, the fusion pool on-line monitoring for not completing SLM laser fast formings, then follow the steps two, laser works；

If situation one, the fusion pool on-line monitoring for completing SLM laser fast formings, then follow the steps nine；

Step 9：Complete the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings.

Outstanding feature of the present invention：

1）, a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings that uses of the present invention, including laser, take the photograph at a high speed Camera, power distribution cabinet, control system, selective laser melting pool device, laser detector；Wherein：The high-speed camera peace Mounted in the left end of laser, is set on the high-speed camera there are four CCD high speed imaging mirrors, flutter and catch for front, rear, left and right The data of the on-line monitoring image of the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings；The laser is equipped with barrier gate, the barrier gate Lower end is equipped with laser switch, the barrier gate, the open and close for controlling laser；The selective laser fusion pool Device includes moulding cylinder, powder supply cylinder, workbench, selective laser melting plant；Powder supply cylinder is installed at the workbench, lower-left end, Selective laser melting plant is installed in bottom righthand side installation forming cylinder, upper end；The powder supply cylinder further includes powdering cylinder, the powdering The left and right both ends of cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering roller, right powdering roller, and the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, Complete the powdering movement of SLM；The powder supply cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder； The laser detector includes photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, galvanometer；Described is poly- Probe is installed in Jiao Jing, left side, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror, the honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, and right end installs photosensitive two pole It manages, galvanometer motion controller is installed in the control circuit board, power supply dress is terminated on the galvanometer motion controller Set, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enter selective laser melting pool device in, laser detector into Row monitoring, the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph is in line image, real-time Transmission computer, Ke Yi The fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings is observed on computer in real time in line image, the fusion pool for completing SLM laser fast formings exists Line monitors, simple in structure, easy to operate；

2）, the powder supply cylinder that uses of the present invention further include powdering cylinder, the left and right both ends of powdering cylinder are respectively equipped with left powdering rolling Sub, right powdering roller, the left powdering roller, right powdering roller move simultaneously, complete the powdering movement of SLM；The confession Powder cylinder lower end is equipped with powder supply port, and the powder supply port completes the entrance of SLM powder；

3）, the laser detector that uses of the present invention include photodiode, honourable mirror, half-reflecting mirror, probe, focus lamp, Galvanometer；Probe is installed in the focus lamp, left side, and half-reflecting mirror, honourable mirror are installed in right side successively, and the honourable mirror is right End installation photodiode；

4）, galvanometer motion controller, the galvanometer motion controller upper end are installed in the control circuit board that uses of the present invention It is connected to supply unit, computer, means of power, laser works, laser enters in selective laser melting pool device, laser Detection device is monitored, and in line image, real-time Transmission calculates the fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings that high-speed camera is taken the photograph Machine can observe the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings in line image, complete SLM laser fast formings in real time on computers Fusion pool on-line monitoring；

5）, the power distribution cabinet that uses of the present invention, upper end installs AC power for electric installation, centre installation transformer, and lower end installation is straight Galvanic electricity is for electric installation；The AC power installs AC relay, A.C. contactor, fusing successively from left to right for electric installation Device, air switch one；The DC suppling device installs fuse, air switch two, DC charging successively from left to right Power supply；

6）, the control system that uses of the present invention include touch screen, key device, memory, support column, supply unit, wiring hole, Control circuit board；The control circuit board, right end install supply unit, and lower end is set there are three wiring hole, and upper end is equipped with support Column；Touch screen is installed, key device is installed in the lower end of the touch screen 8, and memory is installed at lower-left end on the support column； The key device includes front, rear, left and right four direction key, control key, 0~9 10 numeric keys；The memory packet Include CF card memories, SDRAM memory；CF card memories are installed in the CF card memories, lower-left end by CF Katos；It is described SDRAM memory, centre installation SDRAM memory；

7）, the galvanometer motion controller that uses of the present invention be equipped with galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O delivery outlets, molding Cylinder control interface, powder supply cylinder control interface；The input ports I/O are installed by touch screen, key device, memory respectively；It is described Laser be equipped with laser switch；The laser is made of laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser bodies；Institute The laser stated uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can carry out laser fusion experiment in continuous operation mode；Described Galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch；The galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, reception device；The I/O outputs Mouth connecting laser switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；The laser switch, the open and close for completing laser；Described Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer；The moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, the powder supply Cylinder is equipped with powder supply cylinder control interface, is connected by moulding cylinder control interface between the moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller It connects, completes the forming moving of moulding cylinder；Pass through powder supply cylinder control interface phase between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller The powder supply movement of powder supply cylinder is completed in connection；High-speed camera images, and completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings；

8）, the moulding cylinder that uses of the present invention for piston bore structure, AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder equipped with moulding cylinder, Gear wheel, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley；It is described Moulding cylinder AC servo motor, be mounted on Z-direction, the powder supply cylinder be piston bore structure, the powder supply cylinder It is equipped with AC servo motor, non-circular gear, idle pulley, the piston of powder supply cylinder, the AC servo motor of powder supply cylinder passes through non-knuckle-tooth Wheel, idle pulley realize the transmission of power；

9）, the powder supply cylinder direction of motion that uses of the present invention for W axis directions, the scraper plate direction of motion is U axis directions；The powder supply Cylinder, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of Z-direction installation, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor drive piston by non-circular gear It is upper and lower to move to realize shaping work；The powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of W axis directions installation in the powder supply cylinder cylinder, supplies Powder cylinder AC servo motor drives the upper and lower movement of piston to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley；The moulding cylinder Top surface be laser formation work top, be laser scanning workspace；In forming process, one layer is processed, W axial directions Piston rises certain altitude, and the piston of Z axial directions declines a powdering thickness；The powdering scraper plate is under motor driving along U Axis direction moves from left to right according to the move distance of program setting, after moving to terminal, powdering scraper plate stop motion, reversely Right-to-left moves, and returns to original position, work is plated in so as to complete new one layer of powder, and then laser begins to adding for mew layer powder Work；

10）, the galvanometer control unit that uses of the present invention is equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis AC servo motor, Z axis exchange are watched Take motor；The galvanometer includes an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, a Z axis galvanometer；The X-axis AC servo One X axis galvanometer is installed on motor；One Y axis galvanometer is installed on the Y-axis AC servo motor；The Z axis exchange One Z axis galvanometer is installed on servo motor；Laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, and Y is projected after reflection On axis galvanometer, by the reflection of Z axis galvanometers, light beam is mapped on the faces scanning XYZ；With the deflection of X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers, Hot spot on the plane of scanning motion is projected also with moving back and forth.

11）, the present invention realize SLM laser fast formings fusion pool on-line monitoring, improve production efficiency, can generate Good economic benefit and social benefit.

In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation deformations Technical solution, in the claimed scope of the invention.Of the invention is that many features of embodiment and advantage are retouched in detail according to this It is clear to state, therefore appended claims are intended to cover these to be that falling into for embodiment is all in its true spirit and range These feature and advantage.Further, since those skilled in the art is readily apparent that many modifications and changes, therefore it is not meant to this Invention is that embodiment is limited to illustrated and description precision architecture and operation, but can cover and fall into owning within the scope of its Suitable modifications and equivalent.

Unspecified part of the present invention is technology well known to the engineers and technicians of this field.

Claims

1. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings, it is characterised in that：Including laser（1）, at a high speed take the photograph Camera（3）, power distribution cabinet（4）, control system（14）, selective laser melt pool device（23）, laser detector（26）；Wherein： The high-speed camera（3）Mounted on laser（1）Left end, the high-speed camera（3）On set there are four CCD high speed Imaging lens flutter the data of the on-line monitoring image for the fusion pool for catching SLM laser fast formings for front, rear, left and right；Described Laser（1）It is equipped with barrier gate（2）, the barrier gate（2）Lower end is equipped with laser switch, the barrier gate（2）, for controlling The open and close of laser；The selective laser melts pool device（23）Including moulding cylinder（19）, powder supply cylinder（20）, work Platform（21）, selective laser melting plant（22）；The workbench（21）, powder supply cylinder is installed at lower-left end（20）, bottom righthand side installation Moulding cylinder（19）, selective laser melting plant is installed in upper end（22）；The powder supply cylinder（20）It further include powdering cylinder（28）, described Powdering cylinder（28）Left and right both ends are respectively equipped with left powdering roller（27）, right powdering roller（29）, the left powdering roller （27）, right powdering roller（29）It moves simultaneously, completes the powdering movement of SLM；The powder supply cylinder（20）Lower end is equipped with powder supply port （30）, the powder supply port（30）, complete the entrance of SLM powder；The laser detector（26）Including photodiode （16）, honourable mirror（17）, half-reflecting mirror（18）, probe（24）, focus lamp（25）, galvanometer；The focus lamp（25）, left side Probe is installed（24）, half-reflecting mirror is installed on right side successively（18）, honourable mirror（17）, the honourable mirror（17）, right end installation Photodiode（16）, the control circuit board（13）On galvanometer motion controller, the galvanometer motion control are installed Supply unit, computer, means of power, laser are terminated on device（1）Work, laser enter selective laser fusion pool dress It sets（23）In, laser detector（26）It is monitored, high-speed camera（3）The fusion pool for the SLM laser fast formings taken the photograph In line image, real-time Transmission computer can observe the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings in line chart in real time on computers Picture completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings.

2. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The power distribution cabinet（4）, AC power is installed for electric installation in upper end（5）, centre installation transformer（6）, lower end installation is directly Galvanic electricity is for electric installation（7）；

The AC power is for electric installation（5）AC relay, A.C. contactor, fuse, sky are installed successively from left to right Air cock one；

The DC suppling device（7）Fuse, air switch two, DC charging power supply are installed successively from left to right.

3. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The control system（14）Including touch screen（8）, key device（9）, memory（15）, support column（10）, power supply dress It sets（11）, wiring hole（12）, control circuit board（13）；

The control circuit board（13）, right end installation supply unit（11）, lower end is set there are three wiring hole（12）, upper end is equipped with Support column（10）；

The support column（10）Upper installation touch screen（8）, the touch screen（8）Lower end install key device（9）, lower-left End installation memory（15）；

The key device（9）Including front, rear, left and right four direction key, control key, 0~9 10 numeric keys；

The memory（15）Including CF card memories, SDRAM memory；

CF card memories are installed in the CF card memories, lower-left end by CF Katos；

The SDRAM memory, centre installation SDRAM memory.

4. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

The galvanometer motion controller connects equipped with galvanometer control unit, the input ports I/O, I/O delivery outlets, moulding cylinder control Mouth, powder supply cylinder control interface；

The input ports I/O are installed by touch screen, key device, memory respectively；

The laser is equipped with laser switch；

The laser is made of laser control cabinet, water cooling unit and laser bodies；

The laser uses Nd:YAG lasers, power 50W can carry out laser fusion experiment in continuous operation mode；

The galvanometer is equipped with Galvanometer Q-Switch；

The galvanometer further includes light path converting device, scanner, reception device；

The described I/O delivery outlet connecting lasers switch, Galvanometer Q-Switch；The laser switch, for completing laser It opens and closes；The Galvanometer Q-Switch, the open and close for completing galvanometer；

The moulding cylinder is equipped with moulding cylinder control interface, and the powder supply cylinder is equipped with powder supply cylinder control interface, described It is connected by moulding cylinder control interface between moulding cylinder and galvanometer motion controller, completes the forming moving of moulding cylinder；

It is connected by powder supply cylinder control interface between the powder supply cylinder and galvanometer motion controller, completes the powder supply of powder supply cylinder Movement；High-speed camera images, and completes the fusion pool on-line monitoring of SLM laser fast formings.

5. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

The moulding cylinder（19）For piston bore structure, the moulding cylinder（19）AC servo motor equipped with moulding cylinder, Gear wheel, pinion gear；The AC servo motor of the moulding cylinder realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley；

The moulding cylinder（19）AC servo motor, be mounted on Z-direction, the powder supply cylinder（20）For piston bore knot Structure, the powder supply cylinder（20）It is equipped with AC servo motor, non-circular gear, idle pulley, the piston of powder supply cylinder, the exchange of powder supply cylinder Servo motor realizes the transmission of power by non-circular gear, idle pulley.

6. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

The powder supply cylinder（20）The direction of motion is W axis directions, and the scraper plate direction of motion is U axis directions；

The powder supply cylinder（20）, the powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of Z-direction installation, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor passes through non- The upper and lower of knuckle-tooth wheel drive piston moves to realize shaping work；

The powder supply cylinder（20）The powder supply cylinder AC servo motor of W axis directions installation in cylinder, powder supply cylinder AC servo motor The upper and lower movement of piston is driven to realize that powder supply works by gear and idle pulley；

The moulding cylinder（19）Top surface be laser formation work top, be laser scanning workspace；

In forming process, one layer is processed, the piston of W axial directions rises certain altitude, and the piston of Z axial directions declines a powdering Thickness；

The powdering scraper plate is moved along U axis directions according to the move distance of program setting from left to right under motor driving, is transported It moves after reaching home, powdering scraper plate stop motion, reversed right-to-left movement returns to original position, so as to complete new one layer of powder It is plated in work, then laser begins to the processing of mew layer powder.

7. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

The galvanometer control unit is equipped with X-axis AC servo motor, Y-axis AC servo motor, Z axis AC servo motor；

The galvanometer includes an X axis galvanometer, a Y axis galvanometer, a Z axis galvanometer；

One X axis galvanometer is installed on the X-axis AC servo motor；One Y is installed on the Y-axis AC servo motor Axis galvanometer；One Z axis galvanometer is installed on the Z axis AC servo motor；

Laser beam is mapped at a certain angle on X axis galvanometers, is projected on Y axis galvanometers after reflection, by Z axis galvanometers Reflection, light beam is mapped on scanning XYZ faces；With the deflection of X galvanometers, Y galvanometers, Z galvanometers, the light on the plane of scanning motion is projected Spot is also with moving back and forth.

8. a kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

A kind of fusion pool online monitoring system of SLM laser fast formings realizes that the fusion pool of SLM laser fast formings is supervised online The process of control：