CN109225276B - Flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material and synthesis method and application thereof - Google Patents

Flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material and synthesis method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109225276B
CN109225276B CN201810959553.8A CN201810959553A CN109225276B CN 109225276 B CN109225276 B CN 109225276B CN 201810959553 A CN201810959553 A CN 201810959553A CN 109225276 B CN109225276 B CN 109225276B
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flower
molybdenum diselenide
composite material
carbon nanotube
nanotube composite
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CN109225276A (en
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李冬升
王怀冲
李丹
唐华
陈�光
王威
程晓农
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Jiangsu University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/057Selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/0573Selenium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J35/33
    • B01J35/39
    • B01J35/50
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/03Precipitation; Co-precipitation
    • B01J37/031Precipitation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0203Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
    • C01B13/0207Water

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of development design and application of photocatalytic materials, and discloses a flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material and a synthesis method and application thereof. In the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material, the mass ratio of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide to the carbon nano tube is 1: 0.025-1. The carbon nano-tubes are uniformly attached to flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the method adds the carbon-containing nano-tube into the molybdenum diselenide solution to be synthesized, and carries out hydrothermal reaction at 180-240 ℃. And then centrifugally cleaning, and drying in a vacuum environment to obtain the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material. The method is simple, has good repeatability and has good application prospect.

Description

Flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material and synthesis method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of development design and application of photocatalytic materials, and relates to a flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material, a synthesis method and application thereof.
Technical Field
Molybdenum diselenide is often used as a lubricant and a battery cathode material, is widely concerned due to high energy storage and good friction performance, and has an ultrathin lamellar structure, a large surface area and good light absorption performance. However, pure flower-like molybdenum diselenide has a serious defect in the electron transport process, and the surface area of the pure flower-like molybdenum diselenide cannot be fully contacted. Structural change of molybdenum diselenide in an electron transmission process can be enhanced through an additional framework material, and in recent years, researchers at home and abroad research more composite structures, but mainly focus on carbon materials including hollow carbon spheres, graphene and the like. However, as the framework material, the carbon nanotubes have unique structures, so that the combination of the carbon nanotubes and flower-like molybdenum diselenide is a preferred approach. However, no studies have been made on the use of carbon nanotubes and flower-like molybdenum diselenide as promoters in photocatalysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention aims to introduce a flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material.
The flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material is characterized in that carbon nanotubes are uniformly attached to flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide, and when the composite structure material is used for photocatalysis, the characteristic of large surface area of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide can be fully utilized, the absorptivity of visible light is improved, the good conductivity of the carbon nanotubes can be utilized, the separation of photoproduction electrons and holes generated in the photocatalysis process is promoted, and the photocatalysis efficiency is improved; therefore, the composite structure material can obviously improve the degradation efficiency of visible light on organic pollutants, improve the efficiency of visible light for water photolysis and oxygen generation, improve the efficiency of solar photoelectric conversion and the like.
The flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material has the mass ratio of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide to the carbon nanotubes of 1:0.025-0.1, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly attached to the surface of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide.
Further, the mass ratio of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide to the carbon nano tube is 1: 0.075.
A synthetic method of flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material comprises the following steps:
1) acidizing the carbon nano tube:
pouring carbon nano tubes and concentrated nitric acid into a reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, collecting precipitates after the reaction is finished, adding an acetone solution, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, collecting the precipitates, cleaning for a plurality of times by using deionized water and alcohol, and drying; grinding for later use;
2) adding the carbon nano tube which is acidized in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, and then adding Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4And ethanol water solution to obtain a mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a vacuum drying oven for heat preservation, collecting the precipitate after the heat preservation is finished, then putting the precipitate into NaOH solution for treatment, finally carrying out centrifugal cleaning, and carrying out vacuum drying.
In the step (1), the ratio of the carbon nano tube to the concentrated nitric acid is (20-80mg) to (50-100 mL).
In the step (1), the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 80-150 ℃ and the time is 1 hour; the ultrasonic treatment time is 30-60 min.
In the step (2), the mixed solution contains carbon nano-tubes and Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4The concentration of the compound is 0.5-2g/L, 0.1-0.16mol/L, 0.4-0.5mol/L and 0.15-0.18mol/L respectively; ethanol aqueous solution, ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 1: 1.
In the step (2), the temperature in the vacuum drying box is 180-.
In the step (2), the treatment conditions in the NaOH solution are as follows: treating at 60-80 deg.c for 2-6 hr, and the concentration of NaOH solution is 8-10 mol/L.
The flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material prepared by the invention is applied to the application of photocatalytic water decomposition to produce oxygen.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material prepared by the invention, the carbon nanotubes can be uniformly attached to the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide.
(2) The flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material prepared by the invention can improve the surface contact area of molybdenum diselenide in a photocatalytic reaction and promote electron hole separation.
(3) The flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material can be applied to a cocatalyst in photocatalysis.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface of the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the transmission results of the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface of the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the oxygen generation effect of the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material and silver phosphate prepared in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Pouring carbon nano tubes and concentrated nitric acid into a reaction kettle, wherein the ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the concentrated nitric acid is 20mg to 100 ml; the hydrothermal temperature is 100 ℃, and the heating time is 1 hour; collecting the precipitate after the reaction is finished, adding an acetone solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min; then washing with deionized water and alcohol for 3 times; drying; grinding for later use;
adding the carbon nano tube treated in the steps into a reaction kettle, and then adding Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder, NaBH4 and ethanol water solution, wherein the carbon nano tube and Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4The concentrations of (A) were 0.5g/L, 0.14mol/L, 0.49mol/L, and 0.17mol/L, respectively. Wherein the ethanol water solution is 40ml (ethanol: water 1: 1); putting into a vacuum drying oven, and keeping the temperature at 220 ℃ for 24 hours; collecting the precipitate, and treating with NaOH solution at 80 deg.C for 2 hr, wherein the concentration of NaOH solution is 10 mol/L; and finally, carrying out centrifugal cleaning and drying to obtain a sample 1.
Transmission and scanning of the composite of carbon nanotubes and molybdenum diselenide as shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 can see that there are a small number of carbon nanotubes on the flower-like molybdenum diselenide, which is not easily observable under the low power lens due to the low carbon nanotube content and the small size of the carbon nanotubes in the composite. Under the high power lens in fig. 2, the composite material can be clearly seen to be composed of flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide and carbon nanotubes, and the network-shaped carbon nanotubes and the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide are effectively combined, so that the visible light absorption in photocatalysis is facilitated, the transmission of electrons is facilitated, and the successful synthesis of the composite material of the carbon nanotubes and the molybdenum diselenide is further verified.
Example 2:
pouring carbon nano tubes and concentrated nitric acid into a reaction kettle, wherein the ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the concentrated nitric acid is 80mg:100 ml; the hydrothermal temperature is 120 ℃, and the heating time is 1 hour; collecting the precipitate after the reaction is finished, adding an acetone solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 60 min; then washing with deionized water and alcohol for 3 times; drying; grinding for later use;
adding the carbon nano tube treated in the steps into a reaction kettle, and then adding Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4And aqueous ethanol solution, in which the carbon nanotubes, Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4The concentrations of (A) are 2g/L, 0.14mol/L, 0.45mol/L and 0.15mol/L respectively. Wherein the ethanol water solution is 50ml (ethanol: water 1: 1); putting into a vacuum drying oven, and keeping the temperature at 220 ℃ for 24 hours; collecting the precipitate, and treating with NaOH solution at 80 deg.C for 6 hr, wherein the concentration of NaOH solution is 10 mol/L; and finally, carrying out centrifugal cleaning and drying to obtain a sample 2.
As can be seen from the scanned graph of the composite material (fig. 3) of the carbon nanotube and the molybdenum diselenide, when the content of the carbon nanotube is high, the carbon nanotube is uniformly wrapped on the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide, and the carbon nanotube covered on the surface of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide is more favorable for the transmission of electrons, so that the photocatalytic reaction is more efficiently carried out.
Example 3
Pouring carbon nano tubes and concentrated nitric acid into a reaction kettle, wherein the ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the concentrated nitric acid is 20mg to 100 ml; the hydrothermal temperature is 80 ℃, and the heating time is 1 hour; collecting the precipitate after the reaction is finished, adding an acetone solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min; then washing with deionized water and alcohol for 3 times; drying; grinding for later use;
adding the carbon nano tube treated in the steps into a reaction kettle, and then adding Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder, NaBH4 and ethanol water solution, wherein the carbon nano tube and Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4The concentrations of (A) were 0.5g/L, 0.14mol/L, 0.49mol/L, and 0.17mol/L, respectively. Wherein the ethanol water solution is 40ml (ethanol: water 1: 1); putting into a vacuum drying oven, and keeping the temperature at 180 ℃ for 24 hours; collecting the precipitate, and treating with NaOH solution at 80 deg.C for 2 hr, wherein the concentration of NaOH solution is 10 mol/L; and finally, carrying out centrifugal cleaning and drying to obtain a sample 3.
Example 4
Pouring carbon nano tubes and concentrated nitric acid into a reaction kettle, wherein the ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the concentrated nitric acid is 20mg to 100 ml; the hydrothermal temperature is 150 ℃, and the heating time is 1 hour; collecting the precipitate after the reaction is finished, adding an acetone solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min; then washing with deionized water and alcohol for 3 times; drying; grinding for later use;
adding the carbon nano tube treated in the steps into a reaction kettle, and then adding Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder, NaBH4 and ethanol water solution, wherein the carbon nano tube and Na2MoO4·2H2O, Se powder and NaBH4The concentrations of (A) were 0.5g/L, 0.14mol/L, 0.49mol/L, and 0.17mol/L, respectively. Wherein the ethanol water solution is 40ml (ethanol: water 1: 1); putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven, and keeping the temperature at 240 ℃ for 24 hours; collecting the precipitate, and treating with NaOH solution at 80 deg.C for 2 hr, wherein the concentration of NaOH solution is 10 mol/L; and finally, carrying out centrifugal cleaning and drying to obtain a sample 4.
Example 5:
pouring 5mg of flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material into 50ML of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours, then adding 30ML of silver nitrate in an amount of 0.3mol/L, and carrying out dark reaction for 12; after the reaction is finished, 0.1mol/L Na is added3PO4·12H2O solution 30 ML; continuously carrying out dark reaction for 4h, and centrifugally washingWashing and collecting a sample; then, 0.3g of the prepared sample was weighed, and 1g of AgNO was taken3As a sacrificial agent; dissolving in 100ml water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min to uniformly mix the solution; pouring into an oxygen generating bottle in the oxygen generating device, and sealing the oxygen generating bottle; and (3) opening an oxygen generation mode, carrying out a light-resistant reaction for 5 minutes, opening an LED lamp after 5 minutes to irradiate the solution, and observing that an oxygen generation curve tends to rise along with the increase of time. With pure silver phosphate as a control.
As can be seen from fig. 4, when the LED lamp was turned on, the photocatalytic oxygen generation rate rapidly increased due to the higher oxygen generation activity of the silver phosphate and the flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material in cooperation, and after 10min, the rate of increase was slow and substantially reached a steady state, which also indicates that the silver phosphate and flower-like molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material had high stability. And at 45min, the oxygen production rate of the silver phosphate and flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material reaches 23 mu mol/L, which is about 3 times of the oxygen production rate of pure silver phosphate, and the high-efficiency oxygen production activity of the silver phosphate and flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nano tube composite material is shown.

Claims (1)

1. The application of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material in photocatalytic decomposition of water to generate oxygen is characterized in that the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material is used for photocatalytic decomposition of water to generate oxygen, the mass ratio of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide to the carbon nanotube is 1:0.025-0.1, and the carbon nanotube is uniformly attached to the surface of the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide, and the flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material is characterized by comprising the following:
pouring 5mg of flower-shaped molybdenum diselenide/carbon nanotube composite material into 50mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h, then adding 30mL of 0.3mol/L silver nitrate, and carrying out dark reaction for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, 0.1mol/L Na is added3PO4·12H230mL of O solution; continuously carrying out dark reaction for 4h, carrying out centrifugal washing, and collecting a sample; then 0.3g of the prepared sample is weighed, and 1g of AgNO is taken3As a sacrificial agent; dissolving in 100mL water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min to uniformly mix the solution; pouring into an oxygen generating bottle in the oxygen generating device, and sealing the oxygen generating bottle; and opening an oxygen generation mode, carrying out a light-proof reaction for 5 minutes, and opening an LED lamp to irradiate the solution after 5 minutes.
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CN111777056B (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-02-01 南昌航空大学 Hydrated carbon/amorphous molybdenum selenide composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112553651B (en) * 2020-11-03 2022-02-15 常州大学 Preparation method of selenide coated carbon nanotube material
CN112321990B (en) * 2020-11-11 2022-07-12 南开大学 Preparation method of molybdenum diselenide and carbon nano tube composite wave-absorbing material
CN113058603B (en) * 2021-03-18 2023-01-10 内蒙古工业大学 Two-dimensional fully-hydrolyzed carbon nanofiber material and preparation method thereof

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