CN109221808A - A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive; belong to Aquatic Feed Processing technical field; this method first sterilized the molten slurry of fish, degreasing, enzymolysis processing; then probiotics fermention is used; take the probio thalline cell inactivation in zymocyte liquid that outstanding bacterium solution is made; it again disperses outstanding bacterium solution in the Fermented Condensed liquid of polysaccharide containing protectiveness and bafillus natto bacterium powder, last dry converting powdering additive；It is the probiotics killed cells suspension obtained in the physiological saline containing DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid using slow hot quickly cooling technology that above-mentioned probiotics, which hangs bacterium solution,.The preparation method of feed addictive provided in the present invention, fermentation conversion rate and inactivation completeness are high, made additive stability and resist processing, storage performance are good, low toxicity, free from extraneous odour, edibility and safety are excellent, facilitate the proliferation of fish intestines microorganism and the raising of feed conversion rate, while effectively increasing the utilization rate and added value of waste resource.

Description

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive

Technical field

The invention belongs to Aquatic Feed Processing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive.

Background technique

China is world aquaculture big country, and culture fishery provides 30% or more high-quality protein for Chinese Source, wherein Fish-water Fish Farming total output accounts for the 70% of China's fish total output.Therefore, freshwater fish is food security in China Important component, one of main source of animal protein.With the raising of aquaculture scale and intensive degree, move The production performance of object and the yield of animal products all significantly improve, but also following many problems.Due to cultivation density It improves, the stress level of animal also increases, and the immunity function of animal body reduces, to various harmful microbe resistivities Also lower and lower.So that Long term Animal is in sub-health state, it is easy to infect various diseases.In actual production, by Antibiotic is added in feed to prevent disease and increase economic efficiency, but the lasting use of antibiotic will lead to bacterial resistance The problems such as property and animal product medicament residue.With the enhancing that human health is realized, exploitation search of health, pollution-free low Remaining feed addictive and the cry for forbidding antibiotic to apply in feed are higher and higher.

Currently, having some prebiotic mushroom feedstuff additive products in the market, wherein being with lactic acid bacteria class with probiotics It is main, but since genus lactubacillus is in amphimicrobion, activity is difficult to keep, and shelf life is shorter, and lactic acid bacteria is intolerant to height Temperature, the death rate is high during feed processing, can not play its due effect so as to cause it.Research is found will be active It can produce a large amount of bacteriocin substance in lactic acid bacteria fermentation process to use simultaneously with lactobacillus cell, small intestine intestinal wall can be sticked Mucosa cells prevent the invasion of pathogen by occupation time process, also alternative to kill or inhibit enteric pathogenic bacteria, effectively control Enteropahtogenic microganism, to play the role of disease resistance.

Bafillus natto generates protease, alpha-amylase and zytase etc., has feeding enzyme system abundant.Natto Bacillus is easy to form gemma in the growth and breeding later period, mostly exists in feeding preparation with spore form.These gemma quilts Feed intake enters enteron aisle, can bring back to life and secrete the feeding enzyme system of high activity rapidly, and generating has the more of antagonism pathogenic entero becteria Peptide matters play antibacterial and diseases prevention effect.Meanwhile bafillus natto is typical aerobic bacteria, is disappeared during the growth process A large amount of oxygen are consumed, therefore the oxygen that can be consumed in enteron aisle causes anaerobic environment, be conducive to the breeding of anaerobic bacteria flora in enteron aisle, tieed up Hold the normal ecological balance of enteron aisle.These gemma have the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, acid and alkali-resistance and anti-extrusion, are conducive to promote and apply. But either Bacillus acidi lactici class or bafillus natto, when being used alone, effect is unstable.

The molten slurry of fish is the waste generated in fish meal production process, and 1 ton of fish meal of every production will generate 2~3 tons of fish Molten slurry, due to containing a large amount of micromolecule polypeptide, amino acid, the beneficiating ingredients such as taurine and minerals remain fish meal Distinctive unknown growth factor has good food calling and growth promoting function to aquatic products, livestock and poultry cultivation animal, is excellent well Matter animal protein source, phagostimulant and nutritional supplement, can enhance animal digestion absorption function and intestinal growth effect, enhancing are moved Object immunity function and anti-stress ability.But the digestibility and utilization of fish is limited containing more macro-molecular protein in the molten slurry of fish Rate is handled by further processing, can make to have very fish containing more oligopeptides, amino acid, organized enzyme etc. in the molten slurry of fish Good food calling and promote digestion growth promoting function, therefore is added in feed as additive and has stronger feasibility.

The prior art such as Authorization Notice No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN101904412B, discloses a kind of molten slurry life of fish The method for producing phagostimulant, wherein selecting the molten slurry of fish is raw material, by boiling, enzyme preparation, mixing, fermentation, drying, packaging The fat of step, the obtained phagostimulant that can improve aquatic animal feed palatability, but its made phagostimulant internal residual is easily to fish Class causes acid poisoning, and to the molten slurry of different fishes cannot effective enzymolysis protein matter, be unsuitable for digesting and assimilating completely.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fermentation conversion rates and inactivation completeness high, product stability and resist processing The preparation method for the fish feed additive that storage performance is good, less toxic free from extraneous odour, edibility and safety are excellent.

The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:

Saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and Lactobacillus casei are purchased from Guangzhou Hui Jian Biotechnology Co., Ltd, natto in the present invention Bacillus is purchased from Nanjing Sai Erte Bioisystech Co., Ltd.

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, this method by by probiotics hang bacterium solution be scattered in it is more containing protectiveness In the Fermented Condensed liquid of sugar and bafillus natto bacterium powder, re-dry is transformed into powder additive；Above-mentioned probiotics hangs bacterium solution It is obtained in the physiological saline containing DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid using slow hot quickly cooling technology The probiotics killed cells suspension arrived.Probiotic cell containing inactivation in this method preparation gained fish feed additive, tool There are resist processing, long keeping feature, to ensure that the stability of additive, made additive can substitute or reduce antibiosis The use of element can improve the immunity and anti-stress ability of fish body, and effectively inhibit or control disease incident, promote Fish growth improves feed efficiency.

Preferably, probiotics hangs bacterium solution through the following steps that being made: the probiotics bacterial body cell isolated is suspended Suspension is made in the physiological saline containing DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid that 3~4 times are measured Liquid, control heating rate are 1~2 DEG C/min, and slow heating heating makes suspension be warming up to 85~90 DEG C in 25~30min, Then 5~10min is kept the temperature, after heat preservation, fast cooling makes suspension be cooled to 30~35 DEG C in 8~10min to obtain the final product, The content of above-mentioned DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid in physiological saline is respectively 0.035~ 0.043mM and 0.017~0.032mM, 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol and 2- 2-hydroxy-4-methylthio in above-mentioned physiological saline Butyric acid can combine with the formation of bacterial cell internal protein in slow thermal process, keep the sequential structure of protein in high temperature It is not susceptible to aoxidize and be denaturalized, while after high temperature opens DNA chain, DNA chain, which is carried out link, causes DNA to inactivate, and not Meeting activity recovery due to cooling, therefore the activity of cell destroys more thorough, increase stability and resist processing, formation after inactivation Macromolecular chain be not easy emigrated cell, increase the degree of efficiently accomplishing of inactivation.Cell inactivation is carried out using slow hot quickly cooling technology, The integrality that can keep killed cells is also possible to prevent thallus cell rupture during heating high-temperature inactivation, reduces cell The exudation of content increases the integrity degree of the cell after inactivation.

Preferably, Fermented Condensed liquid is through the following steps that be made: the molten slurry of fish sterilized, degreasing, enzymatic hydrolysis, probiotics Gained zymocyte liquid after fermentation, after being centrifuged and isolating probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, Concentrated culture fluids to obtain the final product.Fish is molten Starch it is fermented after, high molecular weight protein therein can be fully hydrolyzed, also containing there are many probiotics metabolite, bacteriocin substance, The palatability and attractant of additive and feed can be significantly improved, while the immunity and premunition of fish can be improved, is also dropped Pollution of the low molten slurry discharge of fish to environment.

Preferably, probiotics is Bacillus acidi lactici, above-mentioned lactic acid bacteria is saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and/or Lactobacillus casei. Bacillus acidi lactici and its tunning can effectively inhibit or kill enteric pathogenic bacteria；Inactivation lactobacillus cell is adhered to small intestine Mucosal epithelial cells play barrier action to the invasion of pathogen；Metabolite and cytokine are combined can be to pathogen Invasion forms steric barrier, plays the effect of protection animal intestinal tract health.

Preferably, the additional amount of bafillus natto bacterium powder is the 5~6% of Fermented Condensed liquid weight, natto gemma bar The metabolism of bacterium generates the polypeptides matter with antagonism pathogenic entero becteria, and oxygen consumption in metabolic process, can manufacture in enteron aisle Anaerobic environment is conducive to the breeding of anaerobic bacteria flora in enteron aisle, maintains the ecological balance of enteron aisle.

Further preferably, sterilizing uses high temperature and pressure degerming, and pressure is 55~75MPa, and temperature is 100~115 DEG C, when Between be 30~40min.High temperature and pressure has a lethal effect to microorganism, mainly by destroy cell membrane inhibit enzyme activity and The duplication of the inhereditary materials such as DNA is influenced to realize.

Further preferably, degreasing is using the molten slurries of fish after lipase enzymatic hydrolysis sterilizing, and the additional amount of lipase is 3.0~ 3.5wt%, temperature are 35~40 DEG C, and the reaction time is 1~1.5h.Fatty enzymatic hydrolysis and fatty acid oxidation are carried out, can effectively prevent The metabolite of fatty acid makes fish that acid poisoning occur.

Further preferably, it digests as the tryptose of 3.5~4.5wt% is added into the molten slurry of degreasing fish under alkaline environment Enzyme and 3.5~4.5wt% elastoser digest 1~1.5h, and acidic environment is adjusted to after enzyme deactivation, and 3.0~4.0wt% is added Pepsin digest 1.5~2.5h, vacuum degree be 0.015~0.02MPa.Hydrolysis can reduce hydrolysis under vacuum conditions The accounting of amino-acid oxidase afterwards, the product after protein digestion is oligopeptides, small-molecular peptides, fatty acid etc., is conducive to fish It digests and assimilates.

Further preferably, probiotics fermention is the enzymolysis liquid heating concentration that will be digested, and is stopped after moisture is 60~65% It heats and cools down, add the wind of the flavor protease of 1.0~2.5wt%, the probiotics of 4~6wt% and 0.3~0.4wt% After mixing, for the 1.5~2h that ferments at 25~40 DEG C up to zymocyte liquid, above-mentioned flavor amino acid is paddy ammonia to taste amino acid At least one of acid, pyroglutamic acid, alanine, glycine, taurine.It is more helped by the molten slurry of the fish of probiotics fermention In attracting fish feed, promote digestion and absorption of the fish to additive or feed.

Further preferably, culture solution removes 60~70% moisture, then cooling Fermented Condensed using thin film evaporation concentration Liquid.

Preferably, protectiveness polysaccharide includes maltodextrin, soluble starch, at least two in oligofructose, add Enter 10~15% that amount is Fermented Condensed liquid weight.Polysaccharide has growth promoting function to beneficial bacteria of intestinal tract, passes through the suppression to pathogen System and to the promotion of probiotics to maintain normal intestinal flora balance.

Preferably, additive is dry using vacuum drying, vacuum degree is 0.015~0.02MPa, temperature is 65~ 75 DEG C, moisture content control is 20~25% in additive after drying.Additive finished product be it is powdered, be easy to save, transport, Storage tolerance, stability are high under normal temperature conditions.

The invention has the benefit that

1) fish feed additive mainly ferments by bafillus natto bacterium powder, the probiotics of inactivation and through it in the present invention Fish molten slurry composition can significantly improve and add also containing there are many small-molecular peptides, amino acid, biogenic amine, probiotics metabolite etc. Add the palatability and attractant of agent and feed, improve the immunity and anti-stress ability of fish body, and effectively inhibits or control Disease incident promotes fish growth, improves feed efficiency, has the characteristics that resist processing, storage tolerance, stability are high, can Effectively to substitute or reduce the use of antibiotic；

2) the molten slurry of fish is repeatedly handled when preparing additive in the present invention, enzyme not only has been carried out to fat therein Solution and anti-acidification carry out protein digestion also for different acid or alkali environments, and addition probiotics fermention facilitates fish and disappears The raising for changing absorption, the proliferation of enteric microorganism and feed conversion rate also reduces pollution of the molten slurry discharge of fish to environment；

3) raw material sources that prepare of fish feed additive of the present invention are stablized, and production technology is continuous, and operating parameter is easy to control, Fermentation conversion rate and inactivation completeness are high, and made additive stability and resist processing, storage performance are good, low toxicity, free from extraneous odour, can Consumption and safety are excellent, effectively increase resource utilization and added value.

Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, compensates for existing skill The deficiency of art, reasonable design, easy operation.

Specific embodiment

Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, this method by by probiotics hang bacterium solution be scattered in it is more containing protectiveness In the Fermented Condensed liquid of sugar, re-dry is transformed into powder additive；It is to contain 2,6- di-t-butyl that above-mentioned probiotics, which hangs bacterium solution, The probiotics killed cells obtained in paracresol and the physiological saline of 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid using slow hot quickly cooling technology Suspension.Probiotic cell containing inactivation in this method preparation gained fish feed additive, has resist processing, long keeping Feature, to ensure that the stability of additive, made additive can substitute or reduce the use of antibiotic, can improve fish The immunity and anti-stress ability of class body, and effectively inhibit or control disease incident, promote fish growth, improves feed Transformation efficiency.

Probiotics hangs bacterium solution through the following steps that being made: the probiotics bacterial body cell isolated is suspended in 3 times of amounts Suspension, control heating speed are made in physiological saline containing 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid Rate is 1 DEG C/min, and slow heating heating makes suspension be warming up to 85 DEG C in 25min, then keeps the temperature 5min, after heat preservation, Fast cooling makes suspension be cooled to 35 DEG C to obtain the final product, and above-mentioned 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid exist Content in physiological saline is respectively 0.035mM and 0.017mM.DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol in above-mentioned physiological saline and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid can combine with the formation of bacterial cell internal protein in slow thermal process, keep protein Sequential structure is not susceptible to aoxidize and is denaturalized in high temperature, while after high temperature opens DNA chain, DNA chain being linked Cause DNA to inactivate, and will not due to cooling activity recovery, therefore inactivate after cell activity destroy it is more thorough, increase stablize Property and resist processing, the macromolecular chain of formation are not easy emigrated cell, increase the degree of efficiently accomplishing of inactivation.Using slow hot quickly cooling Technology carries out cell inactivation, can keep the integrality of killed cells, be also possible to prevent thallus during heating high-temperature inactivation Cell rupture reduces the exudation of cellular content, increases the integrity degree of the cell after inactivation.

Fermented Condensed liquid is through the following steps that be made: the molten gained after starching sterilized, degreasing, enzymatic hydrolysis, probiotics fermention of fish Zymocyte liquid, after being centrifuged and isolating probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, Concentrated culture fluids to obtain the final product.After the molten slurry of fish is fermented, High molecular weight protein therein can be fully hydrolyzed, also containing there are many probiotics metabolite, capable of significantly improving additive and feed Palatability and attractant, while the immunity and premunition of fish can be improved, also reduce dirt of the molten slurry discharge of fish to environment Dye.

Probiotics is Bacillus acidi lactici, and lactic acid bacteria is saliva Bacillus acidi lactici.Bacillus acidi lactici and its tunning can effectively press down System kills enteric pathogenic bacteria；Inactivation lactobacillus cell is adhered to small intestinal mucosa epithelial cell, plays to the invasion of pathogen Barrier action；Metabolite and cytokine are combined and can form steric barrier to the invasion of pathogen, protection animal intestine is played The effect of road health.

The additional amount of bafillus natto bacterium powder is the 5.1% of Fermented Condensed liquid weight, and the metabolism of bafillus natto produces The raw polypeptides matter with antagonism pathogenic entero becteria, and oxygen consumption in metabolic process, can manufacture anaerobic environment in enteron aisle, The breeding for being conducive to anaerobic bacteria flora in enteron aisle maintains the ecological balance of enteron aisle.

Sterilizing uses high temperature and pressure degerming, pressure 55MPa, and temperature is 115 DEG C, time 30min.High temperature and pressure pair Microorganism has a lethal effect, mainly inhibit the activity of enzyme by destroying cell membrane and influence the duplication of the inhereditary materials such as DNA come It realizes.

Degreasing is 3.0wt%, temperature 35 using the molten slurries of fish after lipase enzymatic hydrolysis sterilizing, the additional amount of lipase DEG C, reaction time 1.5h.Carrying out fatty enzymatic hydrolysis and fatty acid oxidation, the metabolite that can effectively prevent fatty acid makes fish Acid poisoning occurs.

Enzymatic hydrolysis is the trypsase and 3.5wt% elasticity egg that 3.5wt% is added into the molten slurry of degreasing fish under alkaline environment White enzyme digests 1.5h, is adjusted to acidic environment after enzyme deactivation, the pepsin enzyme 2.5h of 3.0wt% is added, vacuum degree is 0.015MPa.Hydrolysis can reduce the accounting of the amino-acid oxidase after hydrolysis, the product after protein digestion under vacuum conditions For oligopeptides, small-molecular peptides, fatty acid etc., be conducive to the digestion and absorption of fish.

Probiotics fermention is that will digest to obtain enzymolysis liquid heating concentration, stops heating after moisture is 65% and cooling, then plus Enter the flavor amino acid of the flavor protease of 1.5wt%, the probiotics of 4.3wt% and 0.3wt% after mixing, at 28 DEG C For lower fermentation 2h up to zymocyte liquid, above-mentioned flavor amino acid is glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, taurine equal proportion mixture.By The molten slurry of the fish of probiotics fermention more facilitates to attract fish feed, promotes digestion and absorption of the fish to additive or feed.

Culture solution removes 70% moisture, then cooling Fermented Condensed liquid using thin film evaporation concentration.

Protectiveness polysaccharide is maltodextrin, oligofructose equal proportion mixture, and additional amount is Fermented Condensed liquid weight 10%.Polysaccharide has growth promoting function to beneficial bacteria of intestinal tract, by inhibition to pathogen and to the promotion of probiotics to maintain Normal intestinal flora balance.

The dry of additive uses vacuum drying, and vacuum degree 0.015MPa, temperature is 75 DEG C, after drying in additive Moisture content control is 25%.Additive finished product be it is powdered, be easy to save, transport, storage tolerance, stabilization under normal temperature conditions Property it is high.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, comprising the following steps:

1) it takes in the molten slurry injection sealing rustless steel container of fish, at a high temperature of pressure 65MPa, 105 DEG C of temperature, sterilizing 30min；

2) lipase of 3.5wt% is added into the molten slurries of fish after sterilizing, reacts 1h at 40 DEG C, it is molten to obtain degreasing fish Slurry；

3) under alkaline environment, the tryptose of 4.3wt% is added into the molten slurry of degreasing fish for the pH value for testing the molten slurry of degreasing fish Enzyme and 4.3wt% elastoser digest 1h, are adjusted to acidic environment after enzyme deactivation, and the pepsin enzymatic hydrolysis of 3.8wt% is added 1.75h, vacuum degree 0.017MPa；

4) it will digest to obtain enzymolysis liquid heating concentration, stop heating after moisture is 60% and cooling, add 1.7wt% Flavor protease, 5.8wt% probiotics and 0.35wt% flavor amino acid after mixing, ferment at 36 DEG C Zymocyte liquid is centrifuged by 1.5h up to zymocyte liquid, obtains probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, and above-mentioned probiotics is saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and the mixing of Lactobacillus casei equal proportion, flavor amino acid are glutamic acid, glycine, the mixing of taurine equal proportion Object；

5) the probiotics bacterial body cell isolated is suspended in the physiological saline of 3 times of amounts and suspension is made, control heating Rate is 2 DEG C/min, is slowly heated and stirs, and heating makes suspension be warming up to 90 DEG C in 30min, then keeps the temperature 10min, After heat preservation, quickly hot suspension is poured into trash ice, so that suspension is cooled to 30 DEG C and hangs bacterium solution to get probiotics, it is above-mentioned The 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid of DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 0.03mM in physiological saline containing 0.042mM；

6) moisture that culture solution is removed to 65% using thin film evaporation, is cooled to 40 DEG C and obtains Fermented Condensed liquid；

7) after mixing soluble starch, oligofructose equal proportion, it is dense that fermentation is added together with bafillus natto bacterium powder After being mixed in contracting liquid, pours into the outstanding bacterium solution of probiotics and stir evenly, be re-fed into vacuum oven, adjusting vacuum degree 0.017MPa, Temperature 70 C starts drying, when moisture be down to 20% it is dry to the end of to get powdered additive, above-mentioned soluble starch and low The additional amount of Fructooligosaccharides mixture is the 15% of Fermented Condensed liquid weight, and the additional amount of bafillus natto bacterium powder is that fermentation is dense The 5.9% of contracting liquid weight.

Embodiment 3:

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, comprising the following steps:

1) it takes in the molten slurry injection sealing rustless steel container of fish, at a high temperature of pressure 70MPa, 110 DEG C of temperature, sterilizing 35min；

2) lipase of 3.2wt% is added into the molten slurries of fish after sterilizing, reacts 1.25h at 37 DEG C, obtains degreasing fish Molten slurry；

3) under alkaline environment, the tryptose of 3.8wt% is added into the molten slurry of degreasing fish for the pH value for testing the molten slurry of degreasing fish Enzyme and 4.1wt% elastoser digest 1h, are adjusted to acidic environment after enzyme deactivation, and the pepsin enzymatic hydrolysis of 3.6wt% is added 2h, vacuum degree 0.02MPa；

4) it will digest to obtain enzymolysis liquid heating concentration, stop heating after moisture is 65% and cooling, add 2.2wt% Flavor protease, 4.8wt% probiotics and 0.33wt% flavor amino acid after mixing, ferment at 33 DEG C Zymocyte liquid is centrifuged by 1.75h up to zymocyte liquid, obtains probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, and above-mentioned probiotics is saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and the mixing of Lactobacillus casei equal proportion, flavor amino acid are glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, glycine, taurine etc. Scalemic thereof；

5) the probiotics bacterial body cell isolated is suspended in the physiological saline of 3 times of amounts and suspension is made, control heating Rate is 2 DEG C/min, is slowly heated and stirs, and heating makes suspension be warming up to 85 DEG C in 30min, then keeps the temperature 7min, is protected After temperature, quickly hot suspension is poured into trash ice, so that suspension is cooled to 35 DEG C and hangs bacterium solution, above-mentioned life to get probiotics Manage the 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol containing 0.038mM and 0.027mM in salt water；

6) moisture that culture solution is removed to 70% using thin film evaporation, is cooled to 40 DEG C and obtains Fermented Condensed liquid；

7) after mixing soluble starch, oligofructose equal proportion, it is dense that fermentation is added together with bafillus natto bacterium powder After being mixed in contracting liquid, pours into the outstanding bacterium solution of probiotics and stir evenly, be re-fed into vacuum oven, adjusting vacuum degree 0.02MPa, 65 DEG C of temperature start drying, when moisture be down to 22% it is dry to the end of to get powdered additive, above-mentioned soluble starch and low The additional amount of Fructooligosaccharides mixture is the 13% of Fermented Condensed liquid weight, and the additional amount of bafillus natto bacterium powder is that fermentation is dense The 5.6% of contracting liquid weight.

Embodiment 4:

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, wherein probiotics fermention step is advanced optimized, it is specific excellent Change measure is as follows: will digest to obtain enzymolysis liquid heating concentration, stops heating after moisture is 65% and cooling, add 2.2wt% Flavor protease, the probiotics of 4.8wt%, 0.04% kayexalate, 0.077% ethyl n-butyl ketone After mixing with the flavor amino acid of 0.33wt%, ferment 1.75h at 33 DEG C up to zymocyte liquid, by zymocyte liquid from The heart, obtains probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, and above-mentioned probiotics is that saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and Lactobacillus casei equal proportion are mixed It closes, flavor amino acid is glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, glycine, taurine equal proportion mixture, above-mentioned kayexalate It is added in fermentation system with ethyl n-butyl ketone, the apparent activation energy in fermentation system between different component and infiltration can be reduced Property, the viscosity of fermentation system is reduced, the touch opportunity of organized enzyme and fermentation substrate liquid that probiotics is metabolized out is increased, with this Promote the raising of fermentation conversion rate and the increase of beneficial metabolic product, while Bacillus acidi lactici metabolite can be reduced to monoamine oxygen Change the inhibition of enzymatic activity, so that promoting the content of biogenic amine such as putrescine in fermentation system etc. reduces, reduces biogenic amine in raw material Toxicity and bad smell, improve fermentation system product safety and edibility.

The present embodiment is optimized on the basis of embodiment 3, made additive raw material and other preparation steps with Embodiment 3 is consistent, and fish feed additive is made.

Comparative example:

A kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, wherein probiotics hangs bacterium solution through the following steps that being made: will separate Probiotics bacterial body cell out, which is suspended in the physiological saline of 3 times of amounts, is made suspension, and control heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, is delayed Slowly it heats and stirs, heating makes suspension be warming up to 85 DEG C in 30min, then keeps the temperature 7min, after heat preservation, quickly will Hot suspension pours into trash ice, so that suspension is cooled to 35 DEG C and hangs bacterium solution to get probiotics, is not added in above-mentioned physiological saline DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid.

This comparative example is that test is compared on the basis of embodiment 3, made additive raw material and other preparations step Suddenly consistent with embodiment 3, fish feed additive is made.

Embodiment 5:

Fish feed additive raises grass carp test

In certain fish culture production base, using the made additive of Examples 1 to 4 as test group 1~4, comparative example is made Additive as a control group, using certain commercially available aquatic products feed addictive as blank group, by each group additive all in accordance with 4% weight Amount ratio is added in same fish feed, randomly chooses 12 pools mouthful, be divided into 2 groups it is parallel, put identical quantity, first initial body in a suitable place to breed It after weight is without the Grass Carp Juveniles after significant difference, domestication, feeds day 3~4 times, daily ration of feeding is 3~5% with weight, every 2 weeks It estimates 1 weight gain amount, and adjusts feeding volume, during which not administration of antibiotics.After cultivation 72 days, sample analysis is acquired, as a result Such as the following table 1.

Influence of 1 feed addictive of table to Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus performance

	Test group 1	Test group 2	Test group 3	Test group 4	Control group	Blank group
							First counterpoise/g	79.95	80.35	79.35	79.90	79.85	79.46
Last counterpoise/g	243.15	246.64	255.36	258.04	226.52	224.96
							Specific growth rate/%	2.27	2.31	2.44	2.34	2.04	2.02
Feed coefficient	1.62	1.52	1.54	1.46	1.77	1.75
							Fat deposition rate/%	30.74	31.25	32.01	30.14	29.65	27.21
Protein retention/%	31.25	31.58	32.96	33.01	30.44	28.98
							Energy retention rate/%	20.54	20.31	21.47	20.96	20.57	17.08
Disease incidence/%	5.6	5.8	5.7	4.9	6.1	9.5

It can be obtained by table 1, difference is not significant between control group and the specific growth rate and feed coefficient of blank group, but all aobvious It writes and is lower than test group, the bacterial cell activity destruction in control group additive is not thorough, and is lost in following process；And On fat deposition rate, Protein retention and Rate of energy deposition, difference is little between test group and control group, but all significant Higher than blank group；On disease incidence, blank group disease incidence highest, test group 4 is minimum, other group of difference is little, is due to test The optimization of 4 pairs of preparation steps of group, so that probiotic cell element substance increases in product, and contains the harmful biogenic amine of body Amount reduces, and the made additive of the group is caused to be excellent on disease resistance.

Embodiment 6:

Fish feed additive raises perch test

In certain fish culture production base, using the made additive of Examples 1 to 4 as test group 1~4, comparative example is made Additive as a control group, using certain commercially available aquatic products feed addictive as blank group, by each group additive all in accordance with 4.5% Weight ratio is added in same fish feed, randomly chooses 12 pools mouthful, be divided into 2 groups it is parallel, put identical quantity, initial in a suitable place to breed It after weight is without the perch fingerling after significant difference, domestication, feeds day 3~4 times, daily ration of feeding is 3~5%, every 2 with weight 1 weight gain amount of week estimation, and adjusts feeding volume, during which not administration of antibiotics.After cultivation 72 days, sample analysis, knot are acquired Fruit such as the following table 2.

The influence that 2 feed addictive of table forms perch nutrition components and muscle amino acid

It can be obtained by table 2, all data difference of test group and control group is little, but is superior to blank group, illustrates test group Made additive is more preferable compared with blank group additives function, and each component nutrition and active stabilization are still kept in long-term storage Property, the immunity and anti-stress ability of fish body can be improved, and effectively inhibit or control disease incident, promote fish raw It is long, improve feed efficiency.

The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail Carefully repeat.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive, it is characterised in that: be scattered in by the way that probiotics is hanged bacterium solution containing protectiveness In the Fermented Condensed liquid of polysaccharide and bafillus natto bacterium powder, re-dry is transformed into powder additive；

It is in the physiological saline containing DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol and 2-Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid that the probiotics, which hangs bacterium solution, The middle probiotics killed cells suspension obtained using slow hot quickly cooling technology.

2. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the probiotics hangs bacterium Liquid through the following steps that be made: by the probiotics bacterial body cell isolated be suspended in 3 ~ 4 times amount physiological saline in be made it is outstanding Supernatant liquid, control heating rate are 1 ~ 2 DEG C/min, and slow heating heating makes suspension be warming up to 85 ~ 90 DEG C in 25 ~ 30min, so Keep the temperature 5 ~ 10min afterwards, after heat preservation, fast cooling makes suspension be cooled to 30 ~ 35 DEG C in 8 ~ 10min to obtain the final product.

3. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Fermented Condensed liquid Through the following steps that being made: the molten gained zymocyte liquid after starching sterilized, degreasing, enzymatic hydrolysis, probiotics fermention of fish is centrifuged and separates Out after probiotics bacterial body cell and culture solution, Concentrated culture fluids to obtain the final product.

4. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described prebiotic Bacterium is Bacillus acidi lactici；The lactic acid bacteria is saliva Bacillus acidi lactici and/or Lactobacillus casei.

5. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the sterilizing is using high Warm high pressure degerming, pressure are 55 ~ 75MPa, and temperature is 100 ~ 115 DEG C, and the time is 30 ~ 40min.

6. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the degreasing uses rouge The molten slurries of fish after the enzymatic hydrolysis sterilizing of fat enzyme, the additional amount of lipase are 3.0 ~ 3.5wt%, and temperature is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, the reaction time 1 ~1.5h。

7. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the enzymatic hydrolysis is in alkali Property environment under trypsase and elastoser are added into the molten slurry of degreasing fish, digest 1 ~ 1.5h, be adjusted to acyclic acidic after enzyme deactivation Border is added pepsin and digests 1.5 ~ 2.5h, and vacuum degree is 0.015 ~ 0.02MPa.

8. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the probiotics fermention For enzymolysis liquid heating concentration will be digested to obtain, flavor protease, probiotics and flavor amino acid are added after mixing, fermentation is Obtain zymocyte liquid.

9. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the protectiveness polysaccharide Including at least two in maltodextrin, soluble starch, oligofructose, additional amount be Fermented Condensed liquid weight 10 ~ 15%。

10. a kind of preparation method of fish feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the natto gemma The additional amount of bacillus bacterium powder is the 5 ~ 6% of Fermented Condensed liquid weight.