CN109220264A - A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya - Google Patents
A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220264A CN109220264A CN201811109099.3A CN201811109099A CN109220264A CN 109220264 A CN109220264 A CN 109220264A CN 201811109099 A CN201811109099 A CN 201811109099A CN 109220264 A CN109220264 A CN 109220264A
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- cuttings
- chinese torreya
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, is related to Chinese torreya technical field of cultivation, including nursery carries out in steel structure greenhouse, seedbed is set in greenhouse, seedbed uses honeycomb Seedling bag, is packed into seedling medium, tape base replanting after nursery stock takes root in Seedling bag；The blade of the fringe bar stem lower part one third section sheared is removed, as insertion seedbed part；The beveling mouth down of cuttings is finally put into progress rooting treatment in the taking root liquid prepared and is used for cuttage；The first tenday period of a month in late April in the first half of the year to May and the late September second half year to early October can carry out cuttage；The part that matrix is inserted into cuttings lower part is the one third of spike length, has inserted a seedbed and has carried out auto spraying immediately.The present invention has the advantages that high survival rate, character are stable, can fast breeding resistance edible high quality Chinese torreya；The standardized planting technology that can be used as Chinese torreya good quality and high output is promoted, and to adapt to the needs of Chinese torreya industry development, can be reduced the input cost of Chinese torreya cultivation, be improved output capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese torreya technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya.
Background technique
Chinese torreya is the distinctive rare dry fruit in China, and full of nutrition, unique flavor is the treasure in dry fruit.Chinese torreya is Chinese torreya
In natural variation type, excellent variety made of developing through artificial culture.Chinese torreya is distributed on the south China Huaihe River, to the north of Nanling
Area, throughout the provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou.
Chinese torreya is full of nutrition, and flavor is aromatic, has health care, medical value and comprehensive development and utilization value.Chinese torreya dry fruit city
Field has a high potential.The Chinese torreya four seasons are evergreen simultaneously, and tree-like grace, ecological benefits are good, are important ecological economy tree species and watch
Tree species.Therefore, develop Chinese torreya to improving forest quality, improve the ecological environment, abundant natural landscape and develop mountain area economy and all have
It is significant.
Chinese torreya market is increasing at present, and the output capacity of existing Chinese torreya seedling-raising technique has been unable to meet growing at present
The market demand, current high-quality Chinese torreya nursery uses grafting substantially, and key step includes:
1. collecting seed: selection robust growth, the full Chinese torreya of the thin benevolence of shell.Generally turned in September early and middle ten days fruit aril by viridescent
Yellowish green, most of arils occur to start to collect seed when cracking, a small amount of seed shedding.Seed after acquisition is deposited at shady and cool ventilation
(10~15 centimetres of heap thickness, prevent fever from rotting), so that seed is separated with aril.About 7-10 days, when the micro- purple of aril
Seed is taken out, pre-sowing treatment can be carried out.
2. vernalization: seed wet sand storage makes it complete physiology after-ripening.Sand storage seed late November starts to germinate successively,
To next year by the end of March germination percentage up to 90% or so.Period should check 2~3 times, can sort out when radicle is 0.5~1.5 centimetre long
Sowing.
3. nursery: a point winter and spring is sowed, per acre 40~60 kilograms of application rate, and timely weeding, fertilising, irrigation, shade are (thoroughly
Luminosity 40% or so), 2~3 years are cultivated for grafting；
4. grafting: Chinese torreya grafting, which will be carried out strictly, does not allow interface to be intake and the two key technology points of earthing shading moisturizing.
Scion is taken in the middle and upper part of tree crown periphery.Engrafting method is divided into according to the type of stock: big anvil connects, seedling anvil connects, root anvil connects, plants
Anvil connects.
Above-mentioned Chinese torreya grafting nursery haves the defects that the period is long, at high cost, planting percent is low, seriously constrains high-quality Chinese torreya
Fast development.
So how to improve nursery planting percent under the premise of guaranteeing Chinese torreya quality, input cost is reduced, improves output energy
Power has become urgent problem in Chinese torreya cultivation technique, and Chinese torreya cultivation at present still has very big development space, there is an urgent need to
There is a kind of standardized planting technology of Chinese torreya good quality and high output, to adapt to the needs of Chinese torreya industry development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, this method have kind without variation,
The advantages of seedling cost is low, high survival rate, can fast breeding resistance edible high quality Chinese torreya.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, this method comprises the following steps:
Establish nursery: nursery carries out in steel structure greenhouse, and guarantees that water in greenhouse, electricity are complete, there is automatic sprayer；Greatly
Seedbed is set in canopy, and seedbed uses honeycomb nursery Seedling bag, is packed into seedling medium in Seedling bag, carrying substrates move after nursery stock takes root
It plants and improves planting percent (90% or more)；
Cuttings is chosen: selecting life in 1 year is more than that semi-lignified length is greater than 10 centimetres of no disease and pests harm stalwartness branches, by branch point
For two kinds of different sizes of standard seedling and time seedling, cutting seedlings is carried out after specification point is good, when cutting seedlings removes stem lower part one third section
Blade, as insertion seedbed part；
Cuttings processing: the cuttings notch sheared is angular cut (horse ear shape is made), regard every 20~50 of cuttings thickness as
It a bundle, is tied up with rubber band；The cuttings tied up is put into and (is soaked out added with being impregnated 5~10 minutes in ascorbic clear water
Stickum in cuttings simultaneously prevents notch from aoxidizing)；It then takes out cuttings and is put into 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and sterilize 5 minutes；
Finally cuttings is put into taking root liquid and carries out rooting treatment；
Cuttings cuttage, cutting time: the first tenday period of a month in open country late April in the first half of the year to May, the late September second half year to early October；
In constant temperature greenhouse, whole year can cuttage；
It is the long one third of cuttings that cuttings, which is inserted into base portion, has inserted a seedbed and has opened automatic sprayer immediately；
Daily management: number of days is inserted into according to nursery stock and sets spraying coefficient, to control aerial temperature and humidity, matrix temperature and humidity；It is fixed
Phase selective examination nursery stock takes root situation, optionally gives nutritional supplementation；Prevent the Harmful Biohazard；Weeds are removed in time.
Further, the wide 150cm in the seedbed, Seedling bag are transversely arranged.
Further, the wide 100cm in the seedbed, the double longitudinal arrangement of Seedling bag.
Further, the Seedling bag specification are as follows: diameter 10cm, depth 10cm.
Further, the component of the seedling medium and each component content are as follows: river sand 70%, perlite 30%, river sand grain
Diameter is 0.1-0.3mm.
Further, the component of the seedling medium and each component content are as follows: turf 40%, perlite 35%, coconut shell flour
25%.
Branch is divided into standard seedling and time two kinds of different sizes of seedling: 12~15cm of branch length, bar 0.5~1.0mm of diameter, seedling top
It is standard seedling that, which there are 2 or more leaf buds at end,；8~12cm of branch length, bar 0.2~0.4mm of diameter, seedling top is without multiple (being less than 2)
Leaf bud is time seedling without sprout.
Further, further include the steps that cuttings preservation, transport, method particularly includes:
1) cuttings of clip is placed in shady place preservation, and guarantees branches and leaves humidity, avoid being exposed to the sun and air-dry；
2) after cuttings clip, clip is wrapped up with degreasing cotton, then is squirted with pure water, is then superscribed preservative film and is protected
It is wet；
3) foam packaging box is used, cuttings is erect to place and wherein be transported, and burrows in body side with benefit ventilation, and transport exists
The way time is no more than 3 days；
4) it transports to behind destination before carrying out cuttage immediately and prepares.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the Clonal regeneration method of the high-quality edible Chinese torreya of one kind provided by the invention has and survives
The high advantage of rate, can fast breeding resistance edible high quality Chinese torreya.Compared to the period that traditional grafting cultivates Chinese torreya, the present invention
Clonal regeneration method substantially reduce cultivation period；This method can reduce the input cost of Chinese torreya cultivation, improve output capacity,
The standardized planting technology that can be used as Chinese torreya good quality and high output is promoted, to adapt to the needs of Chinese torreya industry development.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained, and however, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all.
Based on the implementation example in the implementation mode, those skilled in the art's obtained other realities without making creative work
Example is applied, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Embodiment one
A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, the specific steps are as follows:
Nursery is established:
1) to guarantee the best planting percent of nursery and input-output ratio, nursery carries out in steel structure greenhouse, and guarantees in greenhouse
Water, electricity are complete, there is automatic sprayer (for existing conventional spray equipment, the present invention is with no restrictions)；
2) seedbed uses honeycomb nursery Seedling bag, is advisable with every square of 300~500 seedlings, can be with native (base after cuttage rooting
Matter) transplanting raising planting percent；
3) the wide 150cm in seedbed, Seedling bag are transversely arranged.
Matrix prepares:
1) matrix formulations: river sand (partial size 0.2mm or so) 70%, perlite 30%.
2) any of the above formulation media is inserted into nursery Seedling bag after mixing.
Cuttings is chosen:
Selecting life in 1 year is more than that semi-lignified length is greater than 10 centimetres of no disease and pests harm stalwartness branches.
The preservation and transportation resources of cuttings:
1) cuttings of clip, which must hide, is placed on shady place, and guarantees branches and leaves humidity, forbid to be exposed to the sun and air-dry；
2) clip is wrapped up with degreasing cotton after cuttings clip, outer after being squirted with pure water to twine preservative film moisturizing；
3) cuttings is erect using foam packaging box places transport, and burrows in body side with benefit ventilation, transports at way
Between must not exceed 3 days.
4) it transports to behind destination before should carrying out cuttage immediately and prepares.
Cuttings specification
Two kinds of specifications of the quasi- cuttings of cuttings minute mark and inferior cuttings: 12~15cm of branch length, bar 0.5~1.0cm of diameter, top
Having 2 or more leaf buds is standard cuttings；8~12cm of branch length, bar diameter 0.2~0.4cm seedling, top is without multiple (being less than 2)
Leaf bud is inferior cuttings without bud.
After specification determines, stem lower part one third blade (i.e. insertion seedbed part) is removed when cutting cuttings.
Cuttings processing
1) horse ear shape is made in the cuttings notch sheared, regards branch thickness every 20~50 as a bundle, is tied up with rubber band
It is good spare；
2) cuttings tied up is put into and is impregnated 5~10 minutes added in ascorbic clear water, it is therefore an objective to soak out cuttings
In stickum and prevent notch from aoxidizing；
3) cuttings is put into the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% concentration after taking out in clear water and sterilizes 5 minutes；
4) cuttage is used for after the cuttings after disinfection being carried out rooting treatment in taking root liquid.
Cuttings cuttage
1) cutting time: the ten days moon in spring sowing late April to 5, autumn sowing late September to early October；
2) cuttage depth: the matrix one third of cuttings lower part insertion spike length；
3) it has inserted a seedbed and has opened spraying system immediately.
Daily management
1) number of days is inserted into according to nursery stock and sets spraying coefficient (air themperature, humidity, substrate temperature, humidity)；
2) selective examination nursery stock takes root situation in time, optionally gives nutritional supplementation；
3) the Harmful Biohazard is prevented；
4) weeds are removed in time.
Embodiment two
A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, the specific method is as follows:
Nursery is established
1) to guarantee the best planting percent of nursery and input-output ratio, nursery carries out in steel structure greenhouse, and guarantees in greenhouse
Water, electricity are complete, there is automatic sprayer；
2) seedbed uses honeycomb nursery Seedling bag, is advisable with every square of 300~500 seedlings, can be with native (base after cuttage rooting
Matter) transplanting raising planting percent；
3) the wide 100cm in seedbed, the double longitudinal arrangement of Seedling bag.
Matrix prepares
1) matrix formulations: turf 40%, perlite 35%, coconut shell flour 25%.
2) any of the above formulation media is inserted into nursery Seedling bag after mixing.
Cuttings is chosen
Selecting life in 1 year is more than that semi-lignified length is greater than 10 centimetres of no disease and pests harm stalwartness branches.
The preservation and transportation resources of cuttings
1) cuttings of clip, which must hide, is placed on shady place, and guarantees branches and leaves humidity, forbid to be exposed to the sun and air-dry；
2) clip is wrapped up with degreasing cotton after cuttings clip, outer after being squirted with pure water to twine preservative film moisturizing；
3) cuttings is erect using foam packaging box places transport, and burrows in body side with benefit ventilation, transports at way
Between must not exceed 3 days.
4) it transports to behind destination before should carrying out cuttage immediately and prepares.
Cuttings specification
The quasi- cuttings of cuttings minute mark and inferior two kinds of specifications: branch length 12~15cm bar diameter 0.5~1.0cm seedling, top has 2
A above leaf bud is standard cuttings；8~12cm of branch length, bar diameter 0.2~0.4cm seedling, top is without multiple (being less than 2) leaf buds
Or without sprout be inferior cuttings.After specification determines, (the i.e. insertion seedbed of blade at the one third of cuttings lower part is removed when cutting cuttings
Part).
Cuttings processing
1) horse ear shape is made in the cuttings notch sheared, regards branch thickness every 20~50 as a bundle, is tied up with rubber band
It is good spare；
2) cuttings tied up is put into and is impregnated 5~10 minutes added in ascorbic clear water, it is therefore an objective to soak out cuttings
In stickum and prevent notch from aoxidizing；
3) cuttings is put into the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% concentration re-disinfection 5 minutes after taking out in clear water；
4) cuttage is used for after the cuttings after disinfection being carried out rooting treatment in taking root liquid.
Cuttings cuttage
1) cutting time: annual any time can cuttage under constant temperature greenhouse；
2) cuttage depth: the matrix one third of cuttings lower part insertion spike length；
3) it has inserted a seedbed and has opened spraying system immediately.
Daily management
1) number of days is inserted into according to nursery stock and sets spraying coefficient (air themperature, humidity, substrate temperature, humidity)；
2) selective examination nursery stock takes root situation in time, optionally gives nutritional supplementation；
3) the Harmful Biohazard is prevented；
4) weeds are removed in time.
A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya provided by the invention has the advantages that high survival rate, character are stable, can
The edible high quality Chinese torreya of fast breeding resistance；The standardized planting technology that this method can be used as Chinese torreya good quality and high output is pushed away
Extensively, come adapt to Chinese torreya industry development needs, can reduce Chinese torreya cultivation input cost, improve output capacity.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
For personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, described in the above embodiment and specification is only the present invention
Preference, be not intended to limit the invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various
Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
1. establishing nursery
Nursery carries out in steel structure greenhouse, and seedbed is arranged in greenhouse, and seedbed uses honeycomb Seedling bag, is packed into nursery in Seedling bag
Matrix, tape base replanting after nursery stock takes root；
2. cuttings is chosen
Select 1 year raw semi-lignified and length to be greater than 10 centimetres of no disease and pests harm stalwartness branch, by branch be divided into standard bar and time
Equal two kinds of different sizes of items cut fringe bar after specification point is good, the blade of the fringe bar stem lower part one third section sheared are removed, is made
To be inserted into seedbed part；
3. cuttings is handled
The lower cut of cuttings is angular cut, according to cuttings fineness, by cuttings be divided into 20~50 a bundle, tied up with rubber band
It is good spare；The cuttings tied up is put into impregnates 5~10 minutes added in ascorbic clear water, to soak out the viscosity in cuttings
Substance prevents notch from aoxidizing；It then takes out in the liquor potassic permanganate for place into 0.1% and sterilizes 5 minutes；Finally by the oblique of cuttings
Notch, which is put into downward in the taking root liquid prepared, carries out rooting treatment for cuttage；
4. cuttings cuttage
Cutting time: the first tenday period of a month in late April in the first half of the year to May and the late September second half year to early October can carry out cuttage；Constant temperature
In greenhouse, whole year can cuttage；
The part that matrix is inserted into cuttings lower part is the one third of spike length, has inserted a seedbed and has carried out auto spraying immediately.
2. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedbed is wide
150cm, Seedling bag are transversely arranged.
3. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedbed is wide
100cm, the double longitudinal arrangement of Seedling bag.
4. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Seedling bag specification
Are as follows: diameter 10cm, depth 10cm.
5. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seedling medium
Component and each component content are as follows: river sand 70%, perlite 30%, river sand partial size are 0.1~0.3mm.
6. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seedling medium
Component and each component content are as follows: turf 40%, perlite 35%, coconut shell flour 25%.
7. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, which is characterized in that branch is divided into standard seedling
With the standard of secondary two kinds of different sizes of seedling: 8~12cm of branch length, bar 0.2~0.4mm of diameter, seedling top is without multiple leaf buds or nothing
Sprout is time seedling；12~15cm of branch length, bar 0.5~1.0mm of diameter, it is standard seedling that, which there are 2 or more leaf buds on seedling top,.
8. a kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method further includes inserting
The step of fringe preservation, transport, specifically:
1) cuttings of clip is stored in the cool, and is guaranteed branches and leaves humidity, avoid being exposed to the sun and air-dried；
2) after cuttings clip, clip is wrapped up with degreasing cotton, then is squirted with pure water, is then superscribed preservative film and is carried out moisturizing；
3) it is erect using foam packaging box and places transport, and burrowed in body side with benefit ventilation, transport is no more than 3 in the way time
It；
4) it is transported to before carrying out cuttage immediately behind destination and prepares.
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| CN201811109099.3A CN109220264A (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | A kind of efficient asexual reproduction method of Chinese torreya |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112930891A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Method for full-exposure cutting seedling raising of Chinese torreya |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104813909A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cutting seedling cultivating method for twig of tea tree |
| CN104838829A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | 周欣 | Asexual rapid propagation method for high quality edible Chinese torreya |
| CN103875435B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-01-06 | 青岛清溪菩提树现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of annual softwood cutting propagation method of plant leaf bud |
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2018
- 2018-09-21 CN CN201811109099.3A patent/CN109220264A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838829A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | 周欣 | Asexual rapid propagation method for high quality edible Chinese torreya |
| CN103875435B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-01-06 | 青岛清溪菩提树现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of annual softwood cutting propagation method of plant leaf bud |
| CN104813909A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cutting seedling cultivating method for twig of tea tree |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112930891A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Method for full-exposure cutting seedling raising of Chinese torreya |
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