CN105359846A - Asexual rapid propagation method for lithocarpus amygdalifolius - Google Patents
Asexual rapid propagation method for lithocarpus amygdalifolius Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359846A CN105359846A CN201510871374.5A CN201510871374A CN105359846A CN 105359846 A CN105359846 A CN 105359846A CN 201510871374 A CN201510871374 A CN 201510871374A CN 105359846 A CN105359846 A CN 105359846A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an asexual rapid propagation method for lithocarpus amygdalifolius. The method comprises the steps of: scion collection; grafting time; grafting; and post-grafting management. The method specifically comprises: selecting a quercus variabilis container seedling as a rootstock; clipping robust and pest-free branches which are from being semi-lignified and lignified from a seed tree of lithocarpus amygdalifolius as scions; performing grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method; and performing post-grafting management till grafted seedlings of lithocarpus amygdalifolius obtained in spring in the next year can be discharged out of a garden for afforestation. The method disclosed by the invention is a breakthrough of an asexual propagation technology for lithocarpus amygdalifolius. By performing propagation by grafting by using the quercus variabilis rootstock, quercus variabilis container seedlings which maintain excellent economical character of a mother parent are massively and rapidly propagated, and the root systems of the seedlings are developed. By virtue of the advantageous characteristic that the quercus variabilis rootstock has a relatively strong adaptive capacity to natural environments such as drought and barren environments, scions and rootstocks of the lithocarpus amygdalifolius seedlings can be quickly healed and germinate new tips, and the germinated new tips are quick to grow, so that high-quality, high-efficiency and quick development of lithocarpus amygdalifolius are accelerated. The preparation method has relatively good economical benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, relate to a kind of apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method.
Background technology
Apricot leaf Ke (
lithocarpusamygdalifolius (Skan) Hayata) have another name called apricot leaf lithocarpus glaber, red C.-glauca, ridge plum, be Fagaceae (Fagaceae) Lithocarpus (Lithocarpus) arbor, the shoot that spring and summer extracts out and the tender leaf back side is close is rolled up pubescence by yellowish-brown, hair all comes off after autumn.The life of tassel locusta list fringe armpit or many fringes line up panicle, and rhachis is close by pubescence; Every 3 clusters of female flower, sometimes have concurrently single scattered.The nearly spheroidal of acorn-cup, full bag nut, in discontinuous ring-type; The fruit wall of nut is slightly thicker than acorn-cup wall, and nut top is by micro-pubescence.Be distributed in Central Taiwan and south, south Fujian, the southeast, Guangdong be about tropic of cancer areas to the south, Hainan.Being born in height above sea level 1100-2300 rice evergreen broad-leaved forest or needle, Broad-leaved Mixed Forest, is often upper canopy species.
Cork oak (
quercusvariabilisBl) have another name called cork oak, tertia Qinggang, hemp oak, be that Fagaceae (Fagaceae) oak belongs to arbor, tree crown is extensively avette, and trunk is many, taupe, dark lobe, and cork layer spy is thick.Sprig is filbert, and male inflorescence is born in annual shoot bottom, and female flower list is raw or twin with annual shoot axil.May at florescence; The fruit 9-10 month in next year is ripe.Chinese important commerical tree species.Cork oak happiness light, be often born in mountain region tailo, but treelet is there to be lateral shelter as well.To weather, the strong adaptability of soil.The low temperature of ability-20 DEG C, in the acidity of pH4-8, all has growth in neutral and limy soil, also drought-resistant, barren and with deep, fertile, suitably moistening and well-drained loam and sandy loam optimum, not resistance to ponding.Produce the provinces and regions such as Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.North China is born in the tailo of height above sea level less than 800 meters usually, and southwest can reach height above sea level 2000-3000 rice.
At present, apricot leaf Ke resource is still in wild distribution, but along with keeping the demand of Plant Diversity, large-scale artificial cultivation apricot leaf Ke resource is imperative.Because apricot leaf Ke seed belongs to hardseed, have several factors to cause seed germination success rate low in natural germination process, the reduction of resource is not supported in the sprouting naturally of seed far away.And the apricot leaf Ke percentage of seedgermination without any hormone agents process in traditional mode of production often only has about 50%, and germinating time evening, emerge irregular, limit the large-scale planting of apricot leaf Ke.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of characteristic of cork oak and apricot leaf Ke can being combined, obtain well developed root system, growth is fast, and survival rate is high, apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method of wide adaptability.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method, comprise the operation of scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Preferably, above-described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Preferably, the formula of above-described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
Preferably, above-described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, start fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
Preferably, above-described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
Relative to prior art, the advantage that the present invention has and good effect as follows:
1, the present invention is the once breakthrough of apricot leaf Ke vegetative propagation technique, utilizes cork oak stock to carry out propagation by grafiting, and a large amount of Fast-propagation maintains the cork oak container seedling nursery stock of maternal excellent economic characters, and seedling root is flourishing; Apricot leaf Ke Mu seedling relies on stock cork oak to the advantageous feature of the stronger adaptive capacity of the natural environment such as non-irrigated, barren, and fringe bar is with stock energy quickly-healing and sprout young sprout, and the young sprout sprouted grows rapid.
2, the present invention selects cork oak as stock, and cultivates with carrying out garden, the good characteristics such as cork oak plant strain growth is rapid, strong, and well developed root system has branch many, and rudiment power is strong, and ground, garden convenient management, simple to operate, survival rate is high.
3, cost of the present invention is low, simple to operate, expands soon numerous, reproduction coefficient is high, and apricot leaf Ke nursery stock quantity of acquisition is large, and survival rate is high, and be applicable to downgrading intensive cultivation, promote apricot leaf Ke high-quality, efficient, fast-developing to there are good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate February next year to March after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8cm × 15cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Spring or summer, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 8cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Embodiment 2:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate March next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10cm × 20cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Autumn or winter, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 8 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Claims (5)
1. apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method, it is characterized in that: the operation comprising scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of apricot leaf Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the apricot leaf Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
2. a kind of apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
3. a kind of apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the formula of described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
4. according to the arbitrary a kind of described apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, fertilising is started after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
5. a kind of apricot leaf Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416911A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | Lithocarpus amygdalifolius tissue culture explant obtaining method |
| CN107926450A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-20 | 北京华源发苗木花卉交易市场有限公司 | Low temperature resistant evergreen broad-leaved arbor breeding method |
| CN110870408A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for greening ground cover by using fir longibracteata in cold plateau area |
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| RU2146440C1 (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-03-20 | Научно-Производственное Объединение "Виноград" | Grape graft obtaining method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416911A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | Lithocarpus amygdalifolius tissue culture explant obtaining method |
| CN107926450A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-20 | 北京华源发苗木花卉交易市场有限公司 | Low temperature resistant evergreen broad-leaved arbor breeding method |
| CN110870408A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for greening ground cover by using fir longibracteata in cold plateau area |
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