CN109202110B - Positioning chuck of automatic processing system - Google Patents
Positioning chuck of automatic processing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109202110B CN109202110B CN201811380753.4A CN201811380753A CN109202110B CN 109202110 B CN109202110 B CN 109202110B CN 201811380753 A CN201811380753 A CN 201811380753A CN 109202110 B CN109202110 B CN 109202110B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- upper cover
- detection air
- blind rivet
- processing system
- piston
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/002—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring the holding action of work or tool holders
- B23Q17/003—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring the holding action of work or tool holders by measuring a position
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a positioning chuck of an automatic processing system, which comprises an upper cover and a lower cover which are coaxially arranged, wherein a cavity is formed between the concave of the lower side of the upper cover and the concave of the upper side of the lower cover, a piston and a blind rivet are arranged in the cavity, the blind rivet is positioned on the axes of the upper cover and the lower cover, and the piston is annularly arranged around the blind rivet; the detection air holes are annularly arranged on the upper cover by taking the axis of the upper cover as the center; a plurality of detection air holes equidistant with the axis of the upper cover are a group; more than two detection air passages are arranged on the upper cover or the lower cover, and each detection air passage is provided with a respective air inlet; each detection air passage is respectively communicated with the same group of detection air holes. The invention can realize the real-time detection of the working state of the chuck.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical clamps, in particular to a positioning chuck suitable for an automatic processing system.
Background
In the prior art, chucks are a common clamping and positioning fixture. There are various chucks, which are not exemplified. The chuck with high rigidity and high precision positioning is a key tool for realizing machining automation. The chuck has insufficient adaptability to automation, so that the operation of an automatic processing system is difficult to realize closed loop, the workpiece to be processed is scrapped if the workpiece to be processed is light, and the tool is impacted to the workpiece to indirectly damage a main shaft of a machine tool if the workpiece to be processed is heavy.
There is a chuck which recognizes whether the chuck is in a locked state or an unlocked state according to the difference of air pressure in an air passage by providing the air passage inside the chuck. The technical scheme can preliminarily meet the automatic control requirement of an automatic processing system.
In order to improve the utilization rate and adaptability of the chuck, a chuck is generally required to be suitable for a plurality of workpieces with different specifications in the prior art. The use of the above-described chucks is cumbersome when used with workpieces of different gauges. At present, the working state of the chuck can be identified according to the air pressure in the air passage under the condition of processing workpieces with different specifications by manually adjusting the air outlet of the air passage (blocking part of the air outlet).
Because of the manual involvement in the operation process, these chucks of the prior art have difficulty adapting to the duty cycle of an automated processing system.
In addition, existing chucks typically employ balls to lock the position of the blind rivet. In actual use, the situation that machining scraps enter the chuck frequently, the hole site where the ball is locked, the rotation of the ball fails, the chuck cannot be opened, and the workpiece cannot be taken out is caused. In this case, the whole chuck needs to be disassembled, and the production can be resumed after the scraps are manually cleaned and the balls are replaced.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements to existing chucks that overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning chuck of an automated processing system, which has one of the technical purposes of realizing real-time detection of the clamping state of a workpiece to be processed.
It is a further technical object of the present invention to eliminate the potential for ball failure due to machining debris entering the chuck.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention discloses a positioning chuck of an automatic processing system, which comprises an upper cover and a lower cover which are coaxially arranged, wherein a cavity is formed between the concave of the lower side of the upper cover and the concave of the upper side of the lower cover, a piston and a blind rivet are arranged in the cavity, the blind rivet is positioned on the axes of the upper cover and the lower cover, and the piston is annularly arranged around the blind rivet; a plurality of detection air holes are arranged on the upper cover; a plurality of detection air holes equidistant from the axis are grouped; more than two detection air passages are arranged on the upper cover or the lower cover, and each detection air passage is provided with a respective air inlet and air source; each detection air passage is respectively communicated with the same group of detection air holes.
Further, a groove is formed in the mounting surface of the upper cover or the mounting surface of the lower cover; when the upper cover and the lower cover are folded, the grooves form the detection air passage.
Further, an air outlet hole is formed in the inner side wall of the upper cover or the lower cover, and the air outlet hole is communicated with a pressure cavity; a plurality of sealing rings are arranged on the outer side wall of the piston at positions corresponding to the air outlet holes; when the piston reciprocates along the axis, the air outlet hole is closed or opened, and the pressure of the pressure cavity changes.
Further, a plurality of detection air holes are annularly arranged on the upper cover with the axis as a center.
Further, when the piston is in a workpiece locking state, the air outlet hole is closed by the sealing ring; when the piston is in a workpiece unlocking state, the air outlet hole and the sealing ring are dislocated to be opened.
Further, a plurality of balls are arranged between the piston and the blind rivet so as to form ball bearing fit; the piston is provided with an annular groove penetrating through the inner annular surface on the inner annular surface matched with the blind rivet; the balls are arranged in the cavity of the annular groove, and gaps exist between adjacent balls.
Further, the lower side groove opening of the annular groove is provided with a chamfer or an opening.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
due to the structural design, the invention can fully automatically realize the real-time detection of the working state of the chuck, particularly the locking state of the workpiece.
Furthermore, due to the structural design, the hidden danger of ball failure caused by machining scraps entering the chuck is eliminated.
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of the upper side of the upper cover in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a partially enlarged schematic construction of the present invention at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the lower side of the upper cover in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention when the air outlet is in a closed state.
Fig. 5 shows a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the present invention at B in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention when the air outlet is in an open state.
Fig. 7 shows a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the present invention at C in fig. 6.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an upper cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of a positioning chuck of an automatic processing system of the present invention includes an upper cover 1 and a lower cover 2, and a cavity is formed between a lower recess of the upper cover 1 and an upper recess of the lower cover 2.
The cavity is internally provided with a piston 3 and a blind rivet 4 which reciprocate along the axial direction, the blind rivet 4 is arranged at the common axial line position of the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2, and the piston 3 is annularly arranged around the blind rivet 4.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a plurality of detection air holes 51 are annularly arranged on the upper cover 1 with the axis of the upper cover 1 as the center, and specifically, all the detection air holes 51 are located on the connecting surface where the chuck and the workpiece positioning piece (or pallet) are locked. The connecting surface is a reference of the workpiece positioning sheet in the Z direction. The workpiece is locked on the workpiece positioning piece, and the positioning precision of the chuck to the workpiece is generated by the matching of the upper cover 1 of the chuck and the workpiece positioning piece, so that the positioning of the workpiece positioning piece is effectively detected by detecting the tightness of the connecting surface.
The above-mentioned "annular arrangement centered on the axis" does not strictly require that the radius be equal.
In addition, all the detection air holes 51 must be formed through the entire upper cover.
There are 12 detection air holes 51 in this embodiment (in other embodiments, the number may be as the case may be with the chuck).
Among the plurality of detection air holes 51, a plurality of detection air holes equidistant from the axis of the upper cover 1 are grouped; the plurality of detection air holes 51 having the axial distances R1, R2, R3 from the upper cover 1 are grouped. In the embodiment, every 4 detection air holes equidistant to the axis of the upper cover 1 are in one group, and three groups are all arranged; can be respectively named as an R1 group detection air hole, an R2 group detection air hole and an R3 group detection air hole.
In other embodiments, only 3 detection air holes per group may be vented; alternatively, one group is 4 detection air hole ventilation, and the other two groups are 3 detection air hole ventilation; alternatively, one group is 3 detection air vent, and the other two groups are 4 detection air vent per group; etc. The principle is that three points determine a plane, so that the bonding effect of two bonded planes can be judged to be good as long as three detection air holes in the same group are blocked; one of the three detection air holes leaks air in the detection of the belt pressure, so that poor lamination effect of two mutually laminated planes can be judged.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, three detection air passages 5 are provided on the joint surface of the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2, and the three detection air passages may be named as an R1 detection air passage, an R2 detection air passage, and an R3 detection air passage, respectively.
Each test airway 5 has a respective inlet port 52 and air supply, as shown in fig. 3, with 3 inlet ports 52.
Each detection air passage 5 is respectively communicated with a group of detection air holes 51, and specifically comprises: the R1 detection air passage is communicated with the R1 group detection air hole, the R2 detection air passage is communicated with the R2 group detection air hole, and the R3 detection air passage is communicated with the R3 group detection air hole.
In other embodiments, it is also possible that the detection air duct 5 is arranged on the lower cover 2. The upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 are named only for the relative positions. In summary, the detection air duct 5 is arranged either on the upper cover 1 or on the lower cover 2.
In particular, the detection air channel 5 may be a groove. The groove is arranged on the installation surface of the upper cover 1 or the installation surface of the lower cover 2. When the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 2 are closed, the grooves form a detection air passage 5.
In this embodiment, due to the above structural design, three independent air paths are formed on the chuck. Each independent air path consists of an air inlet 52, a detection air passage 5 and a group of detection air holes 51. The method comprises the following steps: an air inlet 52, an R1 detection air passage and an R1 group detection air hole; the other air inlet 52, the R2 detection air passage and the R2 group detection air hole; and the other air inlets 52 and R3 are used for detecting air passages and R3 groups of detection air holes.
The chuck of the patent can be fully automatically applied to workpiece positioning sheets with different radiuses and various specifications due to the structural design.
First, in the working state, the workpiece is locked on the workpiece positioning piece.
When an automatic processing system needs to process a first workpiece, the first workpiece is locked on a corresponding R1 workpiece positioning piece, and the R1 workpiece positioning piece is blocked on an R1 group of detection air holes; when the R1 workpiece positioning piece cannot completely block the R1 group detection air holes (namely, the connecting surface is not sealed), an independent air passage consisting of one air source, an air inlet 52, an R1 detection air passage and the R1 group detection air holes leaks air (namely, the air pressure in the air passage is reduced), which indicates that the clamping is not in place or the clamping state is poor; the automatic processing system can judge whether the clamping of the first workpiece (actually corresponding R1 workpiece positioning piece) is in place or not by detecting the air pressure of the independent air channel.
When the automatic processing system needs to process a second workpiece, the second workpiece is locked on the corresponding R2 workpiece positioning piece, and the R2 workpiece positioning piece is blocked on the R2 group detection air hole; when the R2 workpiece positioning piece cannot completely block the R2 group detection air holes (namely, the connecting surface is not sealed), an independent air passage consisting of one air source, an air inlet 52, an R2 detection air passage and the R2 group detection air holes leaks air (namely, the air pressure in the air passage is reduced), which indicates that the clamping is not in place or the clamping state is poor; the automatic processing system can judge whether the clamping of the second workpiece (actually corresponding R2 workpiece positioning piece) is in place or not by detecting the air pressure of the independent air channel.
When the automatic processing system needs to process a third workpiece, the third workpiece is locked on the corresponding R3 workpiece positioning piece, and the R3 workpiece positioning piece is blocked on the R3 group detection air hole; when the R3 workpiece positioning piece cannot completely block the R3 group detection air holes (namely, the connecting surface is not sealed), an independent air passage consisting of one air source, an air inlet 52, an R3 detection air passage and the R3 group detection air holes leaks air (namely, the air pressure in the air passage is reduced), which indicates that the clamping is not in place or the clamping state is poor; the automatic processing system can judge whether the clamping of the third workpiece (actually corresponding R3 workpiece positioning piece) is in place or not by detecting the air pressure of the independent air channel.
Therefore, when the chuck is suitable for workpieces with different specifications (such as the first workpiece, the second workpiece and the third workpiece), the automatic processing system can fully automatically judge whether the workpiece is clamped in place or not without manual adjustment, and the requirement of the automatic processing system is met.
The radii R1, R2 and R3 of the three circles of independent air paths are set according to the workpiece positioning sheets with different sizes.
The number of detected airways 5 may vary in different embodiments, three in this embodiment, two in other embodiments, or four. More strips may be arranged if the spatial condition of the chuck interface permits.
Example 2:
the chuck of the above embodiment may be further improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the chuck of the present embodiment includes an upper cover 1, a lower cover 2, a piston 3, a blind rivet 4, and the like.
The inner side wall of the upper cover 1 or the lower cover 2 is provided with an air outlet hole 7, and the air outlet hole 7 is communicated with a pressure cavity.
The outer side wall of the piston 3 is provided with sealing rings 6 (a plurality of sealing rings can be arranged) corresponding to the positions of the air outlet holes 7.
The rivet 4 drives the piston 3 to reciprocate along the axis (the restoring force is provided by the spring in fig. 4). With the up-and-down movement of the piston 3, the air outlet hole 7 is closed or opened, and the pressure of the pressure chamber changes.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the blind rivet 4 is in the work locking state, the air outlet 7 is closed by the seal ring 6.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the blind rivet 4 is in the work unlocking state, the air outlet 7 is dislocated from the seal ring 6 and opened.
Due to the structural design, the blind rivet 4 drives the piston 3 to reciprocate up and down, so that the air outlet 7 can be switched between a closed state or an open state, and the pressure change of the pressure cavity is affected.
The automatic processing system can judge the working state of the blind rivet in the chuck by automatically measuring the pressure change of the pressure cavity, thereby improving the intelligence of the automatic processing system.
Example 3:
the chuck of the above embodiment may be further improved.
As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 8, the chuck of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of balls 9 between the piston 3 and the blind rivet 4 in addition to the upper cover 1, the lower cover 2, the piston 3, the blind rivet 4, and the like, to form a ball bearing engagement.
In particular, the piston 3 is provided with an annular groove 8 penetrating the inner annular surface on the inner annular surface matched with the blind rivet 4; a number of balls 9 are arranged in the cavity of the annular groove 8 with gaps between adjacent balls 9 (i.e. the sum of the diameters of all balls 9 is smaller than the circumferential length of the annular groove 8).
By means of this annular groove 8, the balls 9 are restrained, a ball bearing fit between the blind rivet 4 and the piston 3 is obtained which is effective in removing debris.
When garbage such as processing scraps enters two adjacent balls, the balls which are firstly contacted with the scraps can displace towards the gap direction due to gaps between the adjacent balls, so that the balls cannot be blocked by the scraps; and the balls 9 also play a cleaning role in the process of rolling in the annular groove 8, and small garbage can be extruded into the groove below.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the lower side groove of the annular groove 8 has a chamfer 81 (or opening). Due to the provision of the chamfer (which is shown as an inclined surface on the underside of the annular groove), when debris and other waste enter the annular groove 8, the chamfer 81 is more beneficial to the debris to slide into the groove below, and the balls can be better prevented from being blocked by the waste.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The positioning chuck of the automatic processing system comprises an upper cover (1) and a lower cover (2) which are coaxially arranged, a cavity is formed between the concave of the lower side of the upper cover (1) and the concave of the upper side of the lower cover (2), a piston (3) and a blind rivet (4) are arranged in the cavity, the blind rivet (4) is positioned on the axes of the upper cover (1) and the lower cover (2), and the piston (3) is annularly arranged around the blind rivet (4); the method is characterized in that:
a plurality of detection air holes (51) are arranged on the upper cover (1); a plurality of detection air holes (51) equidistant from the axis are grouped;
more than two detection air passages (5) are arranged on the upper cover (1) or the lower cover (2), and each detection air passage (5) is provided with a respective air inlet (52) and an air source; each detection air passage (5) is respectively communicated with the detection air holes (51) of the same group;
an air outlet hole (7) is formed in the inner side wall of the upper cover (1) or the lower cover (2), and the air outlet hole (7) is communicated with a pressure cavity; a plurality of sealing rings (6) are arranged on the outer side wall of the piston (3) at positions corresponding to the air outlet holes (7); when the blind rivet (4) drives the piston (3) to reciprocate along the axis, the air outlet hole (7) is closed or opened, and the pressure of the pressure cavity is changed.
2. The positioning chuck of an automated processing system according to claim 1, wherein a groove is provided on a mounting surface of the upper cover (1) or a mounting surface of the lower cover (2); when the upper cover (1) and the lower cover (2) are closed, the grooves form the detection air passage (5).
3. Positioning chuck of an automated processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that several of the detection air holes (51) are arranged on the upper cover (1) in a ring shape centered on the axis.
4. A positioning chuck for an automated processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air outlet (7) is closed by the sealing ring (6) when the blind rivet (4) is in a work-piece locked condition; when the blind rivet (4) is in a workpiece unlocking state, the air outlet hole (7) and the sealing ring (6) are dislocated to be opened.
5. The positioning chuck of an automated processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that a number of balls (9) are arranged between the piston (3) and the blind rivet (4) to form a ball bearing fit; the piston (3) is provided with an annular groove (8) penetrating through the inner annular surface on the inner annular surface matched with the blind rivet (4); the balls (9) are arranged in the cavity of the annular groove (8), and gaps exist between the adjacent balls (9).
6. The positioning chuck of an automated processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower side groove of the annular groove (8) has a chamfer (81).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811380753.4A CN109202110B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Positioning chuck of automatic processing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811380753.4A CN109202110B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Positioning chuck of automatic processing system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109202110A CN109202110A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109202110B true CN109202110B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811380753.4A Active CN109202110B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Positioning chuck of automatic processing system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109202110B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114043265A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-15 | 上海鑫隆烟草机械厂 | Quick replacement's flexible adaptation positioner at zero point |
| CN114043269B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-03-29 | 上海鑫隆烟草机械厂 | Flexible fixture system based on micro-deformation self-adaptive compensation positioning |
| CN114952652B (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2023-04-18 | 苏州新火花机床有限公司 | Workpiece positioning state detection device and method |
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| CN108672733A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-19 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | A kind of fixture wheel |
| CN209110208U (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-07-16 | 上海麦迅机床工具技术有限公司 | The positioning chuck of automatic processing system |
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| CN109202110A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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